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Evaluation der Arbeitsmarktpolitik

Arbeitsmarktpolitik soll neben der Wirtschafts- und Strukturpolitik sowie der Arbeitszeit- und Lohnpolitik einen Beitrag zur Bewältigung der Arbeitslosigkeit leisten. Aber ist sie dabei auch erfolgreich und stehen die eingebrachten Mittel in einem angemessenen Verhältnis zu den erzielten Wirkungen? Die Evaluationsforschung geht der Frage nach den Beschäftigungseffekten und den sozialpolitischen Wirkungen auf individueller und gesamtwirtschaftlicher Ebene nach. Das Dossier bietet weiterführende Informationen zu Evaluationsmethoden und den Wirkungen von einzelnen Maßnahmen für verschiedene Zielgruppen.

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  • Literaturhinweis

    A narrative database of labour market reforms in euro area economies (2022)

    Aumond, Romain; Di Tommaso, Valerio; Rünstler, Gerhard;

    Zitatform

    Aumond, Romain, Valerio Di Tommaso & Gerhard Rünstler (2022): A narrative database of labour market reforms in euro area economies. (Working paper series / European Central Bank 2657), Frankfurt am Main, 61 S.

    Abstract

    "We present a quarterly narrative database of important labour market reforms in selected euro area economies in between 1995 and 2018 covering 60 events. We provide legal adoption and implementation dates of major reforms to employment protection legislation and unemployment benefits. Estimates based on local projections find negative short-run effects of liberalising reforms on wages, while the employment effects of reforms differ markedly across age groups and partly depend on the state of the economy." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The Unequal Cost of Job Loss across Countries (2022)

    Bertheau, Antoine; Lombardi, Stefano; Saggio, Raffaele; Barceló, Cristina; Gulyas, Andreas ; Acabbi, Edoardo;

    Zitatform

    Bertheau, Antoine, Edoardo Acabbi, Cristina Barceló, Andreas Gulyas, Stefano Lombardi & Raffaele Saggio (2022): The Unequal Cost of Job Loss across Countries. (IZA discussion paper 15033), Bonn, 49 S.

    Abstract

    "We document the consequences of losing a job across countries using a harmonized research design. Workers in Denmark and Sweden experience the lowest earnings declines following job displacement, while workers in Italy, Spain, and Portugal experience losses three times as high. French and Austrian workers face earnings losses somewhere in-between. Key to these differences is that Southern European workers are less likely to find employment following displacement. Loss of employer-specific wage premiums accounts for 40% to 95% of within-country wage declines. The use of active labor market policies predicts a significant portion of the cross-country heterogeneity in earnings losses." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The Cost-Effectiveness of Subsidies to Youth Employment in Italy: Toward a Preliminary Evaluation (2022)

    Contini, Bruno;

    Zitatform

    Contini, Bruno (2022): The Cost-Effectiveness of Subsidies to Youth Employment in Italy: Toward a Preliminary Evaluation. (IZA discussion paper 15097), Bonn, 8 S.

    Abstract

    "The European Commission has for many years advocated fiscal policies in order to improve the employability of young people. This paper aims at providing a preliminary rough estimate of the cost-effectiveness of rebates on social security contributions granted to employers that Italy has utilized since the Nineties in a variety of forms. My conclusion is that cost-effectiveness is still an open question." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Labour market protection across space and time: A revised typology and a taxonomy of countries' trajectories of change (2022)

    Ferragina, Emanuele ; Filetti, Federico Danilo;

    Zitatform

    Ferragina, Emanuele & Federico Danilo Filetti (2022): Labour market protection across space and time: A revised typology and a taxonomy of countries' trajectories of change. In: Journal of European Social Policy, Jg. 32, H. 2, S. 148-165. DOI:10.1177/09589287211056222

    Abstract

    "We measure and interpret the evolution of labour market protection across 21 high-income countries over three decades, employing as conceptual foundations the ‘regime varieties’ and ‘trajectories of change’ developed by Esping-Andersen, Estevez-Abe, Hall and Soskice, and Thelen. We measure labour market protection considering four institutional dimensions – employment protection, unemployment protection, income maintenance and activation – and the evolution of the workforce composition. This measurement accounts for the joint evolution of labour market institutions, their complementarities and their relation to outcomes, and mitigate the unrealistic Average Production Worker assumption. We handle the multi-dimensional nature of labour market protection with Principal Component Analysis and capture the characteristics of countries’ trajectories of change with a composite score. We contribute to the literature in three ways. (1) We portray a revised typology that accounts for processes of change between 1990 and 2015, and that clusters regime varieties on the basis of coordination and solidarity levels, that is, Central/Northern European, Southern European, liberal. (2) We illustrate that, despite a persistent gap, a large majority of Coordinated Market Economies experiencing a decline in the level of labour market protection became more similar to Liberal Market Economies. (3) We develop a fivefold taxonomy of countries’ trajectories of change (liberalization, dualization, flexibility, de-dualization and higher protection), showing that these trajectories are not always path-dependent and consistent with regime varieties previously developed in the literature." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Trapped into Reverse Asymmetry: Public Employment Services Dealing with Employers (2022)

    Raspanti, Dario ; Saruis, Tatiana;

    Zitatform

    Raspanti, Dario & Tatiana Saruis (2022): Trapped into Reverse Asymmetry: Public Employment Services Dealing with Employers. In: Journal of Social Policy, Jg. 51, H. 1, S. 173-190. DOI:10.1017/S0047279420000756

    Abstract

    "Although often neglected, the availability of employment opportunities is central to the effectiveness of active labour market policies. Employers play a crucial role in this policy field as they are both clients and co-producers of public employment services (PES). This study focuses on that relationship and reports qualitative research conducted in Tuscany (central Italy) from a street-level perspective. The findings show how public job-brokers manage this asymmetrical relationship and develop specific strategies to obtain employers' cooperation and accomplish the PES mandate. The strategies identified here involve language adaptation, curricula “creaming”, and control of the bureaucratic procedure. These are shaped through a variable mix of four components that will be defined as relational, perceptive, technical, and tactical. This study contributes to the debate on activation policies, analysing in detail how PES frontline workers interact with employers, dealing with market logic in the public encounter." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Taxing income or consumption: macroeconomic and distributional effects for Italy (2021)

    d'Andria, Diego ; DeBacker, Jason; Zachlod-Jelec, Magdalena; Pycroft, Jonathan; Evans, Richard W.;

    Zitatform

    d'Andria, Diego, Jason DeBacker, Richard W. Evans, Jonathan Pycroft & Magdalena Zachlod-Jelec (2021): Taxing income or consumption: macroeconomic and distributional effects for Italy. (JRC working papers on taxation and structural reforms 2021-13), Sevilla, 55 S.

    Abstract

    "We study a set of tax reforms introducing a budget-neutral tax shift in Italy, from labour income to consumption taxes. To this end we use a microsimulation model to provide the output with which to estimate the parameters of tax functions in an overlapping-generations computable general equilibrium model. In doing so we make marginal and average tax rates bivariate non-linear functions of capital income and labour income. The methodology allows for the representation of the non-linearities of the tax and social benefit system and interactions between capital and labour incomes. The linked macro model then simulates labour supply, consumption and savings in a dynamic setting, thus accounting for behavioural and general equilibrium effects within a life-cycle optimization framework. Our simulations show that a tax shift made by cutting personal income tax rates might bring significant efficiency gains in Italy, with limited regressive effects, notwithstanding the revenue-compensating increase in consumptions taxes." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Do local institutions affect labour market participation?: The Italian case (2019)

    Agovino, Massimiliano; Cerciello, Massimiliano; Garofalo, Antonio ;

    Zitatform

    Agovino, Massimiliano, Antonio Garofalo & Massimiliano Cerciello (2019): Do local institutions affect labour market participation? The Italian case. In: The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy, Jg. 19, H. 2, S. 1-21. DOI:10.1515/bejeap-2018-0077

    Abstract

    "Italy features very low labour market participation rates for both men and women, coupled with a sizeable participation gender gap. This work investigates empirically the relation between institutional quality and labour market participation at the local level. Using official records on the Italian provinces over the 2004 - 2012 timespan and the Institutional Quality Index, we use a Spatial Lag of X model to gauge the direct and indirect impact of local institutions on male and female participation rates, with particular regard to the participation gender gap. The results support the idea that institutional quality has a significant impact on local labour market participation, for both men and women, while it does not affect the participation gap. Moreover, institutions generate spatial spillovers, affecting participation in neighbouring provinces. Finally, the availability of public child care facilities is as a key determinant of female participation." (Author's abstract, © De Gruyter) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Active labor market policies: Lessons from other countries for the United States (2019)

    Bown, Chad P.; Freund, Caroline;

    Zitatform

    Bown, Chad P. & Caroline Freund (2019): Active labor market policies. Lessons from other countries for the United States. (Working paper / Peterson Institute for International Economics 2019-02), Washington, DC, 12 S.

    Abstract

    "US labor force participation has been weak in recent decades, especially during the recovery of the financial crisis of 2007 - 09. This paper examines several programs that governments in other advanced industrial countries have established to help jobless workers continue to seek employment, not drop out of the labor force, and ultimately find jobs. These programs more actively support out-of-work citizens by facilitating matches between workers and firms, helping workers in their job searches, and sometimes creating jobs when none are available in the private sector. The evidence presented in this paper concludes that job placement services, training, wage subsidies, and other labor adjustment policies can be used to successfully help workers find employment and remain tied to the labor market. By contrast, direct job creation through public works projects and other government programs are less effective in helping workers over the long run." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Did early-career complexity increase after labour market deregulation?: Heterogeneity by gender and education across cohorts in Italy (2019)

    Struffolino, Emanuela ; Raitano, Michele ;

    Zitatform

    Struffolino, Emanuela & Michele Raitano (2019): Did early-career complexity increase after labour market deregulation? Heterogeneity by gender and education across cohorts in Italy. (Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung. Discussion papers SP 1 2019-602), Berlin, 23 S.

    Abstract

    "This article considers the complexity of early employment life-courses focusing on the heterogeneity by gender and education. We construct 7-year-long early employment trajectories by using a unique longitudinal dataset that combines administrative records on employment episodes and survey data from the Italian module of the EU-SILC. This enables the application of advanced methods in sequence analysis to calculate the complexity of employment trajectories following labour market entry. Complexity reflects the instability of early-careers by considering the number of transitions between employment states and the length of each episode. We compare several cohorts of Italian workers who entered the labour market between 1974 and 2001 in institutional contexts characterized by different levels of deregulation. The results demonstrate that earlycareer complexity increased across cohorts, but mostly for medium and lower-educated individuals. This dynamic is particularly pronounced for women, and complexity is the highest for recent cohorts, especially among those with less human capital." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Labour market regulations and high quality employment in EU-15 countries (2018)

    Bilbao-Ubillos, Javier; Intxaurburu, Gurutze; Alsasua, Jesús-Luis; Ullibarri-Arce, Miren;

    Zitatform

    Bilbao-Ubillos, Javier, Jesús-Luis Alsasua, Gurutze Intxaurburu & Miren Ullibarri-Arce (2018): Labour market regulations and high quality employment in EU-15 countries. In: Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, Jg. 31, H. 3, S. 207-226. DOI:10.1080/13511610.2017.1384366

    Abstract

    "The elements that we usually include under the concept of 'labour market institutions' exert a clear influence on the workings of the labour market. However, the assessment of labour market policies and institutions remains mostly focused on their impact on the quantity of jobs, while people's well-being depends crucially on how good their jobs are. This paper is a modest attempt to contribute some evidence and insight to the debate on the effects that particular institutional configurations have on the generation of high-quality employment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The recent reform of the labour market in Italy: A review (2017)

    Zitatform

    Europäische Kommission. Generaldirektion Wirtschaft und Finanzen (2017): The recent reform of the labour market in Italy. A review. (European economy. Discussion paper 072), Brüssel, 42 S. DOI:10.2765/049593

    Abstract

    "Italy undertook a major reform of the labour market in 2014-2015 (Jobs Act). This paper provides a compendium of the key changes introduced. The analysis shows that the Jobs Act has contributed to bringing Italian labour market institutions more closely into line with international benchmarks and with the principles of flexicurity. Employment protection legislation for permanent contracts has been brought into line with that of major European partners, although it remains more restrictive than the OECD average. The focus of passive labour market policies has shifted from job to worker protection, which will facilitate the reallocation of workers to more productive occupations. The designed strengthening of active labour market policies would improve job matching and reduce structural unemployment, but thorough implementation remains the key factor for achieving this critical goal. Extending the new rules on employment protection legislation also to existing permanent contracts and the strengthening of the collective bargaining framework could be considered as a follow up to the recent reform. Flanking measures to open product markets and reform the public sector are crucial to deliver the entire potential impact of the reform." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Antinomies of flexibilization and atypical employment in Mediterranean Europe: Greek, Italian and Spanish regions during the crisis (2016)

    Gialis, Stelios ; Leontidou, Lila;

    Zitatform

    Gialis, Stelios & Lila Leontidou (2016): Antinomies of flexibilization and atypical employment in Mediterranean Europe. Greek, Italian and Spanish regions during the crisis. In: European Urban and Regional Studies, Jg. 23, H. 4, S. 716-733. DOI:10.1177/0969776414538983

    Abstract

    "Until recently, Mediterranean countries were called on by European Union officials to provide for a 'less-rigid' regulatory framework, in order to enhance 'flexicurity'. This paper critically examines post-2008 flexibilization trends by focusing on Spanish, Italian and Greek regions. Starting from a contextualization of atypical employment and security, it then moves in a twofold direction; firstly, it presents the Flexible Contractual Arrangements and Active Labour Market Policies composite indicators, calculated for the NUTS-II regions of 12 member states for 2008 and 2011. These indicators reveal the changing ranking, especially of the Greek regions, towards higher labour market flexibility and relatively low levels of employability security; secondly, it focuses on the changing forms of atypical labour in the six regions that host the capital and the most important port city of Greece, Italy and Spain, respectively, by offering data on the expansion of flexible arrangements therein. The uneven flexibilization trends found in the study regions are seen as an outcome of the interaction between the general devaluation trends, different backgrounds and regionally specific patterns of labour market adjustment, while employment is found to be neither 'rigid' nor 'flexicure'. The paper concludes with some remarks on the relation between post-2008 dismantling of local labour regimes, restructuring and flexicurity." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Contracting-out welfare services: comparing national policy designs for unemployment assistance (2015)

    Considine, Mark; Graziano, Paolo R.; Knuth, Matthias; Fuertes, Vanesa; Zimmermann, Katharina ; Whitworth, Adam ; Aurich, Patrizia; Taylor, Rebecca; Berkel, Rik van; Nguyen, Phuc ; O'Sullivan, Siobhan; Rees, James; Carter, Elle; Shutes, Isabel; Benish, Avishai; Struyven, Ludo;

    Zitatform

    Considine, Mark, Siobhan O'Sullivan, Paolo R. Graziano, Matthias Knuth, Vanesa Fuertes, Katharina Zimmermann, Adam Whitworth, Patrizia Aurich, Rebecca Taylor, Rik van Berkel, Phuc Nguyen, James Rees, Elle Carter, Isabel Shutes, Avishai Benish & Ludo Struyven (2015): Contracting-out welfare services. Comparing national policy designs for unemployment assistance. (Broadening Perspectives on social policy), Chichester: Wiley Blackwell, 173 S.

    Abstract

    Contracting-out Welfare Services focuses on the design and overhaul of welfare-to-work systems around the world in the light of the radical re-design of the welfare system; internationally based authors utilise a national/program case study, considering employment services policy and activation practices.
    Content:
    Mark Considine; Siobhan O'Sullivan: Introduction: Contracting out welfare services: comparing national policy designs for unemployment assistance (1-9);
    Katharina Zimmermann, Patrizia Aurich, Paolo R. Graziano, Vanesa Fuertes: Local worlds of marketization - employment policies in Germany, Italy and the UK compared (11-32);
    Ludo Struyven: Varieties of market competition in public employment services - a comparison of the emergence and evolution of the new system in Australia, the Netherlands and Belgium (33-53);
    Mark Considine, Siobhan O'Sullivan, Phuc Nguyen: Governance, Boards of directors and the impact of contracting on not-for-profits organizations - an Australian study (55-74);
    Rik van Berkel: Quasi-markets and the delivery of activation - a frontline perspective (75-90);
    Isabel Shutes, Rebecca Taylor: Conditionality and the financing of employment services - implications for the social divisions of work and welfare (91-108);
    James Rees, Adam Whitworth, Elle Carter: Support for all in the UK work programme? Differential payments, same old problem (109-128);
    Matthias Knuth: Broken hierarchies, quasi-markets and supported networks - a governance experiment in the second tier of Germany's Public employment service (129-150);
    Avishai Benish: The public accountability of privatized activation - the case of Israel (151-166).

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Employment subsidies, informal economy and women's transition into work in a depressed area: evidence from a matching approach (2015)

    Deidda, Manuela; Di Liberto, Adriana; Sulis, Giovanni; Foddi, Marta;

    Zitatform

    Deidda, Manuela, Adriana Di Liberto, Marta Foddi & Giovanni Sulis (2015): Employment subsidies, informal economy and women's transition into work in a depressed area. Evidence from a matching approach. (IZA discussion paper 8886), Bonn, 39 S.

    Abstract

    "We analyze the effects of an ALMP for disadvantaged workers implemented in a depressed area of Italy. Using propensity-score matching, we find that a) the employment subsidy had a positive effect for participants on both the probability of finding a job and income, b) the outcome of the policy was more positive for women, and c) the program was more effective for older and less-educated female workers. Using data on previous contacts between workers and firms and on informal channels for job search activity, we ultimately explore the role of the program in promoting the transition from informal to salaried employment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The latest italian labour market reforms in the perspective of decent work basic-relations-fairness proposal (2015)

    Lavagnini, Martina; Mennella, Antonella;

    Zitatform

    Lavagnini, Martina & Antonella Mennella (2015): The latest italian labour market reforms in the perspective of decent work basic-relations-fairness proposal. In: Global Labour Journal, Jg. 6, H. 2, S. 156-172.

    Abstract

    "This work is a contribution to the debate on 'decent work', here developed as an instrument to measure an aspect of human development. The concept, conceived by the International Labour Organisation (ILO) in 1999, is here interpreted in relation to Sen's (1999) capability approach. The main idea is that decent work 'can be a liberator' (Sen, 1999: 116). Elements identified in the basicrelations- fairness proposal are grouped into three profiles, which are ordered into two levels. Obstacles to decent work or 'working defects' are understood as the distance from the actual to the desired labour condition, and improvements of the quality of labour are interpreted as approaching the desired situation. The proposal is firstly presented theoretically, then used to interpret labour market reforms in Italy from the 'Treu law' in 1997 to 'Fornero reform' in 2012." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Active inclusion as an organisational challenge: integrated anti-poverty policies in three European countries (2014)

    Heidenreich, Martin; Petzold, Norbert; Natili, Marcello ; Panican, Alexandru;

    Zitatform

    Heidenreich, Martin, Norbert Petzold, Marcello Natili & Alexandru Panican (2014): Active inclusion as an organisational challenge. Integrated anti-poverty policies in three European countries. In: Journal of international and comparative social policy, Jg. 30, H. 2, S. 180-198. DOI:10.1080/21699763.2014.934901

    Abstract

    "Active inclusion aims at the reduction of poverty by strengthening the agency of excluded persons by the provision of a minimum income, activation and social services. The contribution to poverty alleviation is determined by expenditure levels and the organisation of these three policy fields. This can be shown by three examples: The comprehensive Swedish regime is characterised by high expenditures; the redistributive German regime is characterised by lower service levels and in Italy, all three dimensions are least developed. In addition, the organisation of services differs: Decentralised and discretionary system for the provision of services in Sweden, 'creaming and parking' effects in Germany and fragmented providers in Italy. As a result of different expenditure levels and organisational patterns, the selectivity of active inclusion strategies is low in Sweden, medium in Germany and high in Italy. Both the financial and organisational dimensions of active inclusion therefore are decisive for poverty alleviation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Public employment services, employers and the failure of placement of low-skill workers in six European countries (2011)

    Larsen, Christian Albrekt; Vesan, Patrik ;

    Zitatform

    Larsen, Christian Albrekt & Patrik Vesan (2011): Public employment services, employers and the failure of placement of low-skill workers in six European countries. (Working Papers on the Reconciliation of Work and Welfare in Europe. REC-WP 02/2011), Edinburgh, 29 S.

    Abstract

    "The paper explains why across Europe very few job matches are facilitated by public employment services (PES), looking at the existence of a double-sided asymmetric information problem on the labour market. It is argued that although a PES potentially reduces search costs, both employers and employees have strong incentives not to use the PES. The reason is that employers try to avoid the 'worst' employees, and employees try to avoid the 'worst' employers. Therefore PES get caught in a low-end equilibrium that is almost impossible to escape. The mechanisms leading to this low-end equilibrium are illustrated by means of qualitative interviews with 40 private employers in six European countries." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Labor market policy: a comparative view on the costs and benefits of labor market flexibility (2010)

    Kahn, Lawrence M. ;

    Zitatform

    Kahn, Lawrence M. (2010): Labor market policy. A comparative view on the costs and benefits of labor market flexibility. (IZA discussion paper 5100), Bonn, 36 S.

    Abstract

    "I review theories and evidence on wage-setting institutions and labor market policies in an international comparative context. These include collective bargaining, minimum wages, employment protection laws, unemployment insurance (UI), mandated parental leave, and active labor market policies (ALMPs). Since it is unlikely that an unregulated private sector would provide the income insurance these institutions do, these policies may enhance economic efficiency. However, to the extent that unemployment or resource misallocation results from such measures, these efficiency gains may be offset. Overall, Scandinavia and Central Europe follow distinctively more interventionist policies than the English speaking countries in the Northern Hemisphere. Possible explanations for such differences include vulnerability to external market forces and ethnic homogeneity. I then review evidence on the impacts of these policies and institutions. While the interventionist model appears to cause lower levels of wage inequality and high levels of job security to incumbent workers, it also in some cases leads to the relegation of new entrants (disproportionately women, youth and immigrants) as well as the less skilled to temporary jobs or unemployment. Making labor markets more flexible could bring these groups into the regular labor market to a greater extent, at the expense of higher levels of economic insecurity for incumbents and higher levels of wage inequality. The Danish model of loosening employment protections while providing relatively generous UI benefits with strict job search requirements holds out the possibility of reducing barriers for new entrants and the less skilled while maintaining some level of income insurance." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The effectiveness of European active labor market programs (2010)

    Kluve, Jochen;

    Zitatform

    Kluve, Jochen (2010): The effectiveness of European active labor market programs. In: Labour economics, Jg. 17, H. 6, S. 904-918. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2010.02.004

    Abstract

    "Active Labor Market Programs are widely used in European countries, but despite many econometric evaluation studies analyzing particular programs no conclusive cross-country evidence exists regarding 'what program works for what target group under what (economic and institutional) circumstances?'. This paper aims at answering this question using a meta-analysis based on a data set that comprises 137 program evaluations from 19 countries. The empirical results of the meta-analysis are surprisingly clear-cut: Rather than contextual factors such as labor market institutions or the business cycle, it is almost exclusively the program type that seems to matter for program effectiveness. While direct employment programs in the public sector frequently appear detrimental, wage subsidies and 'Services and Sanctions' can be effective in increasing participants' employment probability. Training programs - the most commonly used type of active policy - show modestly positive effects." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Can employment subsidies and greater labour market flexibility increase job opportunities for youth?: revisiting the Italian on-the-job training programme (2009)

    Tattara, Giuseppe; Valentini, Marco;

    Zitatform

    Tattara, Giuseppe & Marco Valentini (2009): Can employment subsidies and greater labour market flexibility increase job opportunities for youth? Revisiting the Italian on-the-job training programme. In: Zeitschrift für ArbeitsmarktForschung, Jg. 42, H. 3, S. 197-212. DOI:10.1007/s12651-009-0016-8

    Abstract

    "Das CFL-Programm (Betriebsausbildungsprogramm) wurde 1985 mit dem Ziel, die Jugendarbeitslosigkeit zu reduzieren, in Italien eingeführt. Das neue Programm bot Arbeitgebern zwei große Vorteile: es befreite sie fast gänzlich von Lohnsteuerzahlungen und bot ihnen praktisch die einzige Möglichkeit, Arbeitnehmer auf Basis befristeter Verträge einzustellen. Die Abhandlung beleuchtet die Auswirkungen des Programms auf das Beschäftigungsverhältnis anhand einer Untergruppe geeigneter Arbeiter in den norditalienischen Provinzen Treviso und Vicenza und stellte fest, dass an dem Programm teilnehmende Firmen die Anzahl der Arbeitsplätze um fast 5 % erhöhten im Vergleich zu Firmen, die nicht daran teilnahmen. Die Arbeitgeber zeigten eine stark positive Reaktion auf den Lohnkostenzuschuss und die Lockerung der streng reglementierten Einstellungsgesetze. Der Auswirkung des Programms auf die Jugendarbeit in Treviso und Vicenza war im Allgemeinen jedoch begrenzt. Die Anzahl der Einstellungen stieg nur um 1 %, vor allem, weil etwa 80 % der Firmen nicht am Programm teilnahmen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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