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Evaluation der Arbeitsmarktpolitik

Arbeitsmarktpolitik soll neben der Wirtschafts- und Strukturpolitik sowie der Arbeitszeit- und Lohnpolitik einen Beitrag zur Bewältigung der Arbeitslosigkeit leisten. Aber ist sie dabei auch erfolgreich und stehen die eingebrachten Mittel in einem angemessenen Verhältnis zu den erzielten Wirkungen? Die Evaluationsforschung geht der Frage nach den Beschäftigungseffekten und den sozialpolitischen Wirkungen auf individueller und gesamtwirtschaftlicher Ebene nach. Das Dossier bietet weiterführende Informationen zu Evaluationsmethoden und den Wirkungen von einzelnen Maßnahmen für verschiedene Zielgruppen.

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The Persistence in Gendering: Work-Family Policy in Britain since Beveridge (2023)

    Chanfreau, Jenny ;

    Zitatform

    Chanfreau, Jenny (2023): The Persistence in Gendering: Work-Family Policy in Britain since Beveridge. In: Journal of Social Policy, Jg. 52, S. 981-998. DOI:10.1017/S0047279422000125

    Abstract

    "Understanding the historical policy pathways that have led to the constellation of policies that both reflect and shape the current gender order can reveal reasons for the persistence of gender inequality in paid work and unpaid family care. Bringing together existing research and policy critique with Carol Bacchi’s framework of policy as ‘gendering practices’, this paper focuses on the role of policy as a process that constructs and upholds an unequal gender order. The discussion traces how UK social policies have since the establishment of the post-war welfare state articulated and positioned gendered possibilities for combining paid work and childrearing, shaping gendered and classed work-family life courses. The analysis illustrates that British social policy has not been consistently committed to a more equal gender regime but instead maintained a heteronormative family ideal and thus, despite various policy changes, the gendering of ‘the worker’ and ‘the parent’ as conceptualised in UK policy has persisted over the last several decades." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The end of welfare states as we know them? A multidimensional perspective (2023)

    Sowula, Jakub ; Gehrig, Franziska; Scruggs, Lyle A. ; Ramalho Tafoya, Gabriela ; Seeleib-Kaiser, Martin;

    Zitatform

    Sowula, Jakub, Franziska Gehrig, Lyle A. Scruggs, Martin Seeleib-Kaiser & Gabriela Ramalho Tafoya (2023): The end of welfare states as we know them? A multidimensional perspective. In: Social Policy and Administration online erschienen am 20.12.2023. DOI:10.1111/spol.12990

    Abstract

    "This article highlights the limitations of unidimensional analyses in the comparative welfare state literature and emphasises the need for a more holistic, multidimensional approach incorporating social spending, welfare state outputs and outcomes. To illustrate the utility of a multidimensional approach, we examine the long‐term welfare state trajectories of Sweden and Germany, prototypical social‐democratic and conservative welfare states, respectively, and compare them against the baseline of Europe's prototypical liberal welfare state, the United Kingdom. The social spending (expenditure) and output (generosity) allowed us to identify significant changes in the Swedish welfare state (i.e., retrenchment). The outcome dimension alerts us to a policy drift in the German Welfare State, as relatively stable public spending and welfare generosity until the first half of the 2000s were nonetheless associated with sharply increased inequality and poverty. Overall, our findings suggest that a holistic, multidimensional approach is necessary to fully understand the complexities of welfare state change and continuity, as focusing solely on one dimension can lead to analytical misjudgments. The sharp rise in inequality and poverty across countries raises doubts about whether policymakers and researchers rely too much on outdated assumptions of normality that fail to meet the welfare state realities of today." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Employer Participation in Active Labour Market Policies in the United Kingdom and Denmark: The Effect of Employer Associations as Social Networks and the Mediating Role of Collective Voice (2023)

    Valizade, Danat ; Ingold, Jo ; Stuart, Mark ;

    Zitatform

    Valizade, Danat, Jo Ingold & Mark Stuart (2023): Employer Participation in Active Labour Market Policies in the United Kingdom and Denmark: The Effect of Employer Associations as Social Networks and the Mediating Role of Collective Voice. In: Work, Employment and Society, Jg. 37, H. 4, S. 991-1012. DOI:10.1177/09500170211063094

    Abstract

    "Active labour market policies (ALMPs) have evolved as pivotal social policy instruments designed to place the unemployed and other disadvantaged groups in sustainable employment. Yet, little is known about what drives employer participation in such initiatives. This article provides a nuanced account of the socio-economic aspects of the demand-side of ALMPs, by investigating employer embeddedness in wider social networks created by employer associations and employee collective voice as enabling mechanisms for employer participation in ALMPs. Drawing on an original survey of employers in the United Kingdom (UK) and Denmark, we found that the extent of employer embeddedness in such social networks is positively associated with employer participation in the UK but not in Denmark, where the effect was indirect and mediated through collective bargaining. The effects of employer network ties and employee collective voice affirm the importance of a more integrated analysis of the interactions between network ties and institutions in ALMP research." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Labour market protection across space and time: A revised typology and a taxonomy of countries' trajectories of change (2022)

    Ferragina, Emanuele ; Filetti, Federico Danilo;

    Zitatform

    Ferragina, Emanuele & Federico Danilo Filetti (2022): Labour market protection across space and time: A revised typology and a taxonomy of countries' trajectories of change. In: Journal of European Social Policy, Jg. 32, H. 2, S. 148-165. DOI:10.1177/09589287211056222

    Abstract

    "We measure and interpret the evolution of labour market protection across 21 high-income countries over three decades, employing as conceptual foundations the ‘regime varieties’ and ‘trajectories of change’ developed by Esping-Andersen, Estevez-Abe, Hall and Soskice, and Thelen. We measure labour market protection considering four institutional dimensions – employment protection, unemployment protection, income maintenance and activation – and the evolution of the workforce composition. This measurement accounts for the joint evolution of labour market institutions, their complementarities and their relation to outcomes, and mitigate the unrealistic Average Production Worker assumption. We handle the multi-dimensional nature of labour market protection with Principal Component Analysis and capture the characteristics of countries’ trajectories of change with a composite score. We contribute to the literature in three ways. (1) We portray a revised typology that accounts for processes of change between 1990 and 2015, and that clusters regime varieties on the basis of coordination and solidarity levels, that is, Central/Northern European, Southern European, liberal. (2) We illustrate that, despite a persistent gap, a large majority of Coordinated Market Economies experiencing a decline in the level of labour market protection became more similar to Liberal Market Economies. (3) We develop a fivefold taxonomy of countries’ trajectories of change (liberalization, dualization, flexibility, de-dualization and higher protection), showing that these trajectories are not always path-dependent and consistent with regime varieties previously developed in the literature." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Violent bureaucracy: A critical analysis of the British public employment service (2022)

    Redman, Jamie ; Fletcher, Del Roy;

    Zitatform

    Redman, Jamie & Del Roy Fletcher (2022): Violent bureaucracy: A critical analysis of the British public employment service. In: Critical Social Policy, Jg. 42, H. 2, S. 306-326. DOI:10.1177/02610183211001766

    Abstract

    "Between 2010–2015, the Coalition’s pursuit of a radical austerity programme saw Britain’s Jobcentre Plus experience some of the most punitive reforms and budget cuts in its history. Focusing on the outcomes of these reforms, a growing body of research has found that claiming processes became a more ‘institutionally violent’ and injurious experience for out-of-work benefit claimants. The present article draws upon ideas, developed by Bauman (1989), which focus on the processes that facilitate ‘institutional violence’. We use this framework to analyse ten interviews with front-line workers and managers in public/contractor employment services. In doing so, we expose an array of policy tools and hidden managerial methods used during the Coalition administration which encouraged front-line staff to deliver services in ways that led to a range of harmful outcomes for benefit claimants." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Decent Work in Scotland, an Agenda-Setting Analysis (2021)

    Pautz, Hartwig ; Collins, Chik; Wright, Sally A.;

    Zitatform

    Pautz, Hartwig, Sally A. Wright & Chik Collins (2021): Decent Work in Scotland, an Agenda-Setting Analysis. In: Journal of Social Policy, Jg. 50, H. 1, S. 40-58. DOI:10.1017/S0047279419000916

    Abstract

    "This article uses John Kingdon's multiple streams framework as an analytical tool to consider how the policy issue of 'job quality', in the guises of 'decent work' and 'fair work', developed a 'career' in Scotland between 2013 and 2017. The aim is to understand why, despite the efforts of a variety of policy entrepreneurs and the openness of the Scottish Government to this policy problem, job quality did not arrive on the Scottish Government's decision agenda. The article finds that the crucial 'policy window' did not open due to the 2016 'Brexit' decision dramatically changing the political landscape. The article demonstrates the applicability of Kingdon's framework for agenda-setting analysis in a parliamentary environment and constitutes a rare application of the framework to a 'live' policy issue. The authors were involved in a research and advocacy project on 'decent work' that was undertaken in Scotland during 2015 and 2016 and therefore were amongst the policy entrepreneurs seeking to place job quality on the Scottish Government's agenda." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Labour market regulations and high quality employment in EU-15 countries (2018)

    Bilbao-Ubillos, Javier; Intxaurburu, Gurutze; Alsasua, Jesús-Luis; Ullibarri-Arce, Miren;

    Zitatform

    Bilbao-Ubillos, Javier, Jesús-Luis Alsasua, Gurutze Intxaurburu & Miren Ullibarri-Arce (2018): Labour market regulations and high quality employment in EU-15 countries. In: Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, Jg. 31, H. 3, S. 207-226. DOI:10.1080/13511610.2017.1384366

    Abstract

    "The elements that we usually include under the concept of 'labour market institutions' exert a clear influence on the workings of the labour market. However, the assessment of labour market policies and institutions remains mostly focused on their impact on the quantity of jobs, while people's well-being depends crucially on how good their jobs are. This paper is a modest attempt to contribute some evidence and insight to the debate on the effects that particular institutional configurations have on the generation of high-quality employment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Flexicurity and the dynamics of the welfare state adjustments (2018)

    Bubak, Oldrich;

    Zitatform

    Bubak, Oldrich (2018): Flexicurity and the dynamics of the welfare state adjustments. In: Transfer, Jg. 24, H. 4, S. 387-404. DOI:10.1177/1024258918781732

    Abstract

    "Die Verwerfungen der jüngsten globalen Finanzkrise verstärkten mehrere der schon vorhandenen industriellen und ökonomischen Herausforderungen und schoben eine Reihe von oftmals widersprüchlichen Lösungsansätzen in den Vordergrund. In diesem Artikel konzentrieren wir uns auf zwei unterschiedliche Sichtweisen, wie ökonomische Wettbewerbsfähigkeit (wieder) hergestellt und Wachstum ermöglicht werden kann: Flexicurity und Austeritätspolitik. Über die Zukunft dieser widersprüchlichen 'Rezepte' kann im Vergleich von unterschiedlichen politischen Ökonomien viel gelernt werden, insbesondere in Anbetracht der Bedeutung der Sozialpartner bei der Entwicklung von Flexicurity und ihrer unterschiedlichen Fähigkeit, die Ergebnisse von Wohlfahrtsstaaten breiter zu beeinflussen. Es stellen sich zwei Fragen. Was können wir über die Dynamik der permanenten Anpassungen des Wohlfahrtsstaates lernen, wenn wir auf die Rolle und Kapazität der Sozialpartner achten? Wie kann sinnvolle Arbeitsmarktpolitik in diesem paradoxen Umfeld aussehen? Zur Beantwortung dieser Fragen untersuchen wir das Vereinigte Königreich - mit seiner eher bescheidenen Sozial- und Beschäftigungssicherheit - und Dänemark, das Musterbeispiel für Flexicurity. Die Unterschiede in den Philosophien, bei der Entwicklung ihrer Institutionen und den organisationalen Interaktionen dieser beiden Staaten erklären nicht nur ihre jeweiligen Entscheidungen nach dem Ausbruch der Krise, sondern auch ihre Erwartungen an sozial orientierte Arbeitsmarktpolitik." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Hysteresis and labour market institutions: evidence from the UK and the Netherlands (2018)

    Rodriguez-Gil, Antonio;

    Zitatform

    Rodriguez-Gil, Antonio (2018): Hysteresis and labour market institutions. Evidence from the UK and the Netherlands. In: Empirical economics, Jg. 55, H. 4, S. 1985-2025. DOI:10.1007/s00181-017-1338-y

    Abstract

    "This paper uses data for the UK and the Netherlands (1983q4 - 2011q4) to test if hysteresis occurs in these economies, and through what mechanisms. The novelty of the paper resides in the use of a VAR-IRF that encompasses previous hysteresis studies, using long-term unemployment, productivity, capital stock and real long-term interest rates, and in the use of specific Labour Market Institutions shocks, such as benefits, taxation or unions' power. This allows us to disentangle what specific demand and supply-variables affect unemployment in the long-run, i.e. the NAIRU. Our findings suggest that there is hysteresis in both countries, and that it happens through several channels. Further, we find that the influence of Labour Market Institutions on unemployment depend on their impact on the real wages-productivity gap. These results have implications for structural and macroeconomic policies that we also discuss. Finally, we investigate the impact of different supply and demand-shock on long-term unemployment and discuss the relevant policy implications." (Author's abstract, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Disobedient workers, the law and the making of unemployment markets (2017)

    Adkins, Lisa;

    Zitatform

    Adkins, Lisa (2017): Disobedient workers, the law and the making of unemployment markets. In: Sociology, Jg. 51, H. 2, S. 290-305. DOI:10.1177/0038038515598276

    Abstract

    "This article concerns workfare and especially mandatory work activities for the unemployed. It focuses on the UK government's Work Programme and recent challenges regarding its lawfulness. Drawing on the resources of actor network theory, and especially the economization approach to the study of markets, it outlines how the Work Programme is configuring a market for the labour of the unemployed, including a space of calculation in regard to that labour. The argument advanced is that the law and its instruments are part of the process of market making, contributing to both its design and calibration. This article therefore locates the law as an actor involved in the assembly of a market for the labour of the unemployed. It also foregrounds what is missing from recent debates on workfare, namely, an account of how the activities of the unemployed are configured and framed as labouring activities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The 2015 ESA trials: A synthesis (2017)

    Moran, Martin;

    Zitatform

    Moran, Martin (2017): The 2015 ESA trials. A synthesis. (DWP ad hoc research report 49), London, 85 S.

    Abstract

    "This report summarises the evaluations of three trials that formed part of a package of support for Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) claimants launched in spring 2015, namely, Voluntary Early Intervention (VEI), Claimant Commitment (CC) and More Intensive Support (MIS).
    The evaluation of these trials comprised qualitative interviews with both Work Coaches and trial participants as well as observations of the meetings that they held with each other. Quantitative analysis of both the processes underpinning the trials and participants outcomes was also carried out.
    We did not find evidence that VEI led to participants moving off benefits and into employment more rapidly. MIS however, has led to participants spending an average 3.2 fewer days on benefits in the 12 months following recruitment to the trial. The physiotherapy service had a high level of interest amongst people who were eligible but the number of eligible people was low. The OHA service, when used, was often valued and appreciated, notably by less experienced Work Coaches. On the CC trial, many Work Coaches found that the CC form helped structure conversations and allowed them to track progress better than they would have done with an Action Plan (the predecessor to a CC)." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    'Best of Both Worlds'? A comparison of third sector providers in health care and welfare-to-work markets in Britain (2016)

    Heins, Elke ; Bennett, Hayley;

    Zitatform

    Heins, Elke & Hayley Bennett (2016): 'Best of Both Worlds'? A comparison of third sector providers in health care and welfare-to-work markets in Britain. In: Social policy and administration, Jg. 50, H. 1, S. 39-58. DOI:10.1111/spol.12126

    Abstract

    "This article compares the welfare markets in primary health care and 'welfare-to-work' in the UK since the late 1990s. A longitudinal comparison of two different policy areas enables us to study the context in which marketization and the resulting shift of welfare provision takes place. We outline the general background of the market-based reforms and highlight in what way policymakers have ascribed third sector organizations (TSOs) a number of positive characteristics, particularly the ability to address concerns about well-known market failures. While consecutive governments promoted these organizations as welfare providers, case studies of two illustrative provider organizations in each policy area reveal a number of problems regarding their distinctiveness in increasingly competitive welfare markets.
    We conclude that the crisp distinction made by policymakers between the third and other sectors as well as the alleged advantages of the former present a rather naïve picture of a complex reality and argue for a more critical view of third sector characteristics and performance. The third sector is not only characterized by a high degree of fuzziness at the boundaries to other sectors, but even within single organizations, which often undergo significant transformations over time. As a result, policy intentions and practical outcomes are contradictory with TSOs losing their alleged distinctiveness as players in increasingly competitive markets. Furthermore, we contend that detailed longitudinal studies of organizations are essential in the advancement of the discussion of the third sector concept as they provide conceptual insights into organizational change and behaviour." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Providing advice to job seekers at low cost: an experimental study on on-line advice (2015)

    Belot, Michele; Kircher, Philipp; Muller, Paul;

    Zitatform

    Belot, Michele, Philipp Kircher & Paul Muller (2015): Providing advice to job seekers at low cost. An experimental study on on-line advice. (CESifo working paper 5641), München, 69 S.

    Abstract

    "Helping job seekers to identify suitable jobs is a key challenge for policy makers. We develop and evaluate experimentally a novel tool that provides tailored advice at low cost and thereby redesigns the process through which job seekers search for jobs. We invited 300 job seekers to our computer facilities for 12 consecutive weekly sessions. They searched for real jobs using our web interface. After 3 weeks, we introduced a manipulation of the interface for half of the sample: instead of relying on their own search criteria, we displayed relevant other occupations to them and the jobs that were available in these occupations. These suggestions were based on background information and readily available labor market data. We recorded search behavior on our site but also surveyed participants every week on their other search activities, applications and job interviews. We find that these suggestions broaden the set of jobs considered by the average participant. More importantly, we find that they are invited to significantly more job interviews. These effects are predominantly driven by job seekers who searched relatively narrowly initially and who have been unemployed for a few months." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Creaming and parking in quasi-marketised welfare-to-work schemes: designed out of or designed in to the UK work programme? (2015)

    Carter, Eleanor ; Whitworth, Adam ;

    Zitatform

    Carter, Eleanor & Adam Whitworth (2015): Creaming and parking in quasi-marketised welfare-to-work schemes. Designed out of or designed in to the UK work programme? In: Journal of social policy, Jg. 44, H. 2, S. 277-296. DOI:10.1017/S0047279414000841

    Abstract

    "'Creaming' and 'parking' are endemic concerns within quasi-marketised welfare-to-work (WTW) systems internationally, and the UK's flagship Work Programme for the long-term unemployed is something of an international pioneer of WTW delivery, based on outsourcing, payment by results and provider flexibility. In the Work Programme design, providers' incentives to 'cream' and 'park' differently positioned claimants are intended to be mitigated through the existence of nine payment groups (based on claimants' prior benefit type) into which different claimants are allocated and across which job outcome payments for providers differ. Evaluation evidence suggests however that 'creaming' and 'parking' practices remain common. This paper offers original quantitative insights into the extent of claimant variation within these payment groups, which, contrary to the government's intention, seem more likely to design in rather than design out 'creaming' and 'parking'. In response, a statistical approach to differential payment setting is explored and is shown to be a viable and more effective way to design a set of alternative and empirically grounded payment groups, offering greater predictive power and value-for-money than is the case in the current Work Programme design." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Contracting-out welfare services: comparing national policy designs for unemployment assistance (2015)

    Considine, Mark; Graziano, Paolo R.; Knuth, Matthias; Fuertes, Vanesa; Zimmermann, Katharina ; Whitworth, Adam ; Aurich, Patrizia; Taylor, Rebecca; Berkel, Rik van; Nguyen, Phuc ; O'Sullivan, Siobhan; Rees, James; Carter, Elle; Shutes, Isabel; Benish, Avishai; Struyven, Ludo;

    Zitatform

    Considine, Mark, Siobhan O'Sullivan, Paolo R. Graziano, Matthias Knuth, Vanesa Fuertes, Katharina Zimmermann, Adam Whitworth, Patrizia Aurich, Rebecca Taylor, Rik van Berkel, Phuc Nguyen, James Rees, Elle Carter, Isabel Shutes, Avishai Benish & Ludo Struyven (2015): Contracting-out welfare services. Comparing national policy designs for unemployment assistance. (Broadening Perspectives on social policy), Chichester: Wiley Blackwell, 173 S.

    Abstract

    Contracting-out Welfare Services focuses on the design and overhaul of welfare-to-work systems around the world in the light of the radical re-design of the welfare system; internationally based authors utilise a national/program case study, considering employment services policy and activation practices.
    Content:
    Mark Considine; Siobhan O'Sullivan: Introduction: Contracting out welfare services: comparing national policy designs for unemployment assistance (1-9);
    Katharina Zimmermann, Patrizia Aurich, Paolo R. Graziano, Vanesa Fuertes: Local worlds of marketization - employment policies in Germany, Italy and the UK compared (11-32);
    Ludo Struyven: Varieties of market competition in public employment services - a comparison of the emergence and evolution of the new system in Australia, the Netherlands and Belgium (33-53);
    Mark Considine, Siobhan O'Sullivan, Phuc Nguyen: Governance, Boards of directors and the impact of contracting on not-for-profits organizations - an Australian study (55-74);
    Rik van Berkel: Quasi-markets and the delivery of activation - a frontline perspective (75-90);
    Isabel Shutes, Rebecca Taylor: Conditionality and the financing of employment services - implications for the social divisions of work and welfare (91-108);
    James Rees, Adam Whitworth, Elle Carter: Support for all in the UK work programme? Differential payments, same old problem (109-128);
    Matthias Knuth: Broken hierarchies, quasi-markets and supported networks - a governance experiment in the second tier of Germany's Public employment service (129-150);
    Avishai Benish: The public accountability of privatized activation - the case of Israel (151-166).

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  • Literaturhinweis

    UK labour market policy then and now (2015)

    Mayhew, Ken;

    Zitatform

    Mayhew, Ken (2015): UK labour market policy then and now. In: Oxford review of economic policy, Jg. 31, H. 2, S. 199-216. DOI:10.1093/oxrep/grv017

    Abstract

    "This article considers the evolution of UK labour market policy during the last 30 years. It does this through the lens of the 'social model'. The social model encompasses the employment relations system, the social welfare system, and the education and training system. It was changed dramatically by the Thatcher and Major governments. The succeeding Labour and Coalition governments largely embraced this new model and, in some ways, increased the pace of change. The consequences for labour market performance - employment, unemployment, productivity, and inequality - are explored." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Reading active labour market policy politically: an autonomist analysis of Britain's Work Programme and Mandatory Work Activity (2015)

    Wiggan, Jay;

    Zitatform

    Wiggan, Jay (2015): Reading active labour market policy politically. An autonomist analysis of Britain's Work Programme and Mandatory Work Activity. In: Critical social policy, Jg. 35, H. 3, S. 369-392. DOI:10.1177/0261018315588231

    Abstract

    "Drawing on Autonomist Marxist theory this article situates the 2010 - 15 Conservative - Liberal Coalition government's active labour market policy as the most recent phase in a state 'strategy of underdevelopment' (Cleaver, 1977) to erode the autonomy of labour power and facilitate a reconfiguration of labour and work to impose (competition for) undesirable jobs on the terms and conditions offered by capital (Peck, 2001: 349). The article contends that Mandatory Work Activity and the Work Programme facilitate a pattern of differentiated activation, where segmentation and stratification of the non-employed population (re)produces an insecure, disciplined, segmented and stratified labour power for insecure, segmented, stratified labour markets. From the perspective of capital and the state the differential job outcomes associated with these programmes are less a mark of policy failure than of policy success." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Employment and skills strategies in England, United Kingdom (2015)

    Zitatform

    OECD. Local Economic and Employment Development (2015): Employment and skills strategies in England, United Kingdom. (OECD reviews on local job creation), Paris, 107 S. DOI:10.1787/9789264228078-en

    Abstract

    "This report delivers evidence-based and practical recommendations on how to better support employment and economic development in England. It builds on sub-national data analysis and consultations with local stakeholders in Nottingham and North Nottinghamshire in the East Midlands as well as Hull and Scarborough in Yorkshire and the Humber. It provides a comparative framework to understand the role of the local level in contributing to more and better quality jobs. The report can help national and local policy makers in England and the UK build effective and sustainable partnerships at the local level, which join-up efforts and achieve stronger outcomes across employment, training, and economic development policies. Co-ordinated policies can help workers find suitable jobs, while also stimulating entrepreneurship and productivity, which increases the quality of life and prosperity within a community as well as throughout the country." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The effect of temporary in-work support on employment retention: evidence from a field experiment (2014)

    Dorsett, Richard ;

    Zitatform

    Dorsett, Richard (2014): The effect of temporary in-work support on employment retention. Evidence from a field experiment. In: Labour economics, Jg. 31, H. December, S. 61-71. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2014.10.002

    Abstract

    "A recent experimental programme for unemployed welfare recipients in the UK found that temporary earnings supplements combined with post-employment services led to a sustained rise in employment. This paper examines whether this was due to increases in employment entry or to reductions in employment exit. Using a hazard rate model, we find a significant effect on initial employment entry but not on subsequent transitions. The results also show that the length of a completed unemployment spell has a negative effect on the hazard of exit from the next unemployment spell. While the direct effect of the programme is to shorten the initial unemployment spell, an indirect effect arises due to this lagged duration dependence." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Interpreting the marketization of employment services in Great Britain and Denmark (2014)

    Larsen, Flemming ; Wright, Sharon ;

    Zitatform

    Larsen, Flemming & Sharon Wright (2014): Interpreting the marketization of employment services in Great Britain and Denmark. In: Journal of European social policy, Jg. 24, H. 5, S. 455-469. DOI:10.1177/0958928714543903

    Abstract

    "Marketization is an important component of international shifts in the governance of employment services. Despite contrasting underlying welfare systems and employment services of different scales and character, both Denmark and Great Britain were distinct from many other comparable countries in contracting out employment services in the late-1990s. By comparing the starting positions and divergent trajectories of marketization in these two very different welfare systems, we see some common traits in how it so far has been difficult to make marketization deliver on its promises. We find in both cases difficulties for the contracted-employment services to reduce bureaucracy, save money through innovation, realize user choice, prevent poor quality services or increase efficiency/effectiveness through better job outcomes. Instead we find, paradoxically, that the market could not operate without re-regulation. In the absence of the intended effects, we furthermore question why policymakers in such different socio-political contexts continued to support the marketization strategy. The explanation is found in combination with wider governance and policy shifts, which have contributed towards altering the governance mix to reposition key actors and interests in ways that would have otherwise been contested." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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