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Evaluation der Arbeitsmarktpolitik

Arbeitsmarktpolitik soll neben der Wirtschafts- und Strukturpolitik sowie der Arbeitszeit- und Lohnpolitik einen Beitrag zur Bewältigung der Arbeitslosigkeit leisten. Aber ist sie dabei auch erfolgreich und stehen die eingebrachten Mittel in einem angemessenen Verhältnis zu den erzielten Wirkungen? Die Evaluationsforschung geht der Frage nach den Beschäftigungseffekten und den sozialpolitischen Wirkungen auf individueller und gesamtwirtschaftlicher Ebene nach. Das Dossier bietet weiterführende Informationen zu Evaluationsmethoden und den Wirkungen von einzelnen Maßnahmen für verschiedene Zielgruppen.

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Tightening eligibility requirements for unemployment benefits. Impact on educational attainment (2023)

    Cockx, Bart ; Dejemeppe, Muriel; Declercq, Koen ;

    Zitatform

    Cockx, Bart, Koen Declercq & Muriel Dejemeppe (2023): Tightening eligibility requirements for unemployment benefits. Impact on educational attainment. In: Economics of Education Review, Jg. 95. DOI:10.1016/j.econedurev.2023.102424

    Abstract

    "Imposing stricter eligibility conditions on unemployment insurance (UI) may increase the returns to education investment because these make the consequences of unemployment more severe. In most countries, entitlement to regular UI hinges on completing a qualifying period of work and social contributions. In Belgium, this requirement also exists but is relaxed for education-leavers in that they can substitute time actively searching for a job for employment during the qualifying period. We evaluate the impact on degree completion and dropout of a 2015 reform that withdrew this weaker requirement from graduates aged 25 or over and from high school dropouts younger than 21. We find that the reform significantly increased degree completion and reduced dropout for students in higher education but not for those in high school. We argue that the higher prevalence of behavioral biases among the lower-educated could explain these contrasting findings." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2023 Elsevier) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Combining generalist and specialist social work in activation policies: A participatory action research (2023)

    Dingenen, Dries ; Raeymaeckers, Peter;

    Zitatform

    Dingenen, Dries & Peter Raeymaeckers (2023): Combining generalist and specialist social work in activation policies: A participatory action research. In: International Journal of Social Welfare, Jg. 32, H. 4, S. 442-454. DOI:10.1111/ijsw.12565

    Abstract

    "In the last decades, activation policies and practices aimed at getting people off benefits and into work have been at the forefront of social policy. One of the challenges of activation practices is that social services with a narrow specialist focus fall short in supporting vulnerable target groups. A growing body of social work literature recognises that both generalist and specialist social works play an important role in supporting vulnerable target groups that face wicked problems. We conducted a participatory action research on how specialist social workers may adopt the principles of generalist social work in counselling and guiding people with multiple and complex needs towards the labour market." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Nice work if you can get it: Labour market pathways of Belgian service voucher workers (2023)

    Lens, Dries ; Marx, Ive ; Oslejová, Jarmila; Mussche, Ninke;

    Zitatform

    Lens, Dries, Ive Marx, Jarmila Oslejová & Ninke Mussche (2023): Nice work if you can get it: Labour market pathways of Belgian service voucher workers. In: Journal of European Social Policy, Jg. 33, H. 1, S. 117-131. DOI:10.1177/09589287221128440

    Abstract

    "Seen as an alternative to precarious, informal work or no job at all, several European countries have started to use tax money to boost the demand for domestic services. This article asks whether this makes sense. We consider the case of the heavily subsidized and highly popular service voucher scheme in Belgium. Close to a quarter of households there employ domestic service workers under the scheme, making it in relative terms the largest scheme of its kind in Europe. The workers employed under the scheme enjoy extensive labour and social security rights. Does the service voucher scheme provide a model to be followed if we care about labour market exclusion and precariousness or is this a case of institutionalized second-tier work? To that end we trace workers’ labour market pathways over a considerable length of time. We find that a substantial share of women find a way out of vulnerable labour market situations through the scheme. However, a very significant number enter from steady employment. This is clearly at odds with the original objective of offering a stepping stone to women with a precarious labour market position. The scheme also plays an ambivalent role in the labour market integration process of immigrant newcomers. At least in part, the Belgian scheme can be seen as a case of policy overshooting. We suggest some potential improvements." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Are active labour market policies effective for the older unemployed? A meta-evaluation (2023)

    Orfao, Guillermo ; Malo, Miguel A.;

    Zitatform

    Orfao, Guillermo & Miguel A. Malo (2023): Are active labour market policies effective for the older unemployed? A meta-evaluation. In: Ageing & Society, Jg. 43, S. 1617-1637. DOI:10.1017/S0144686X21001288

    Abstract

    "We present a meta-evaluation of the literature on the impacts of active labour market policies for unemployed people over 50, extracting 82 impacts for analysis. The meta-evaluation includes only impact evaluations that examine both a group of beneficiaries and a control group of comparable non-beneficiaries. On average, we find that active policies have a slightly negative effect (−0.8 percentage points) on the probability of unemployed people over 50 finding a job and that this negative effect disappears 24 months after policy implementation. However, this effect is very different when disaggregated by policy type. Direct job creation policies have a clear negative effect (−3.9 percentage points), and training policies have a positive average effect, either in isolation (2.4 percentage points) or when combined with search assistance or counselling (1.7 percentage points). We also find slight differences by gender, with the effect of active policies being greater for women than for men. These results have important implications, given that the European Commission and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development have made active policies the cornerstone of their efforts to improve the re-employment of older people. Our results support training policies, either in isolation or in combination with search assistance and counselling. The greatest impacts are obtained after 12 months of policy implementation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    A narrative database of labour market reforms in euro area economies (2022)

    Aumond, Romain; Di Tommaso, Valerio; Rünstler, Gerhard;

    Zitatform

    Aumond, Romain, Valerio Di Tommaso & Gerhard Rünstler (2022): A narrative database of labour market reforms in euro area economies. (Working paper series / European Central Bank 2657), Frankfurt am Main, 61 S.

    Abstract

    "We present a quarterly narrative database of important labour market reforms in selected euro area economies in between 1995 and 2018 covering 60 events. We provide legal adoption and implementation dates of major reforms to employment protection legislation and unemployment benefits. Estimates based on local projections find negative short-run effects of liberalising reforms on wages, while the employment effects of reforms differ markedly across age groups and partly depend on the state of the economy." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    How effective are hiring subsidies in reducing long-term unemployment among prime-aged jobseekers?: Evidence from Belgium (2022)

    Desiere, Sam ; Cockx, Bart ;

    Zitatform

    Desiere, Sam & Bart Cockx (2022): How effective are hiring subsidies in reducing long-term unemployment among prime-aged jobseekers? Evidence from Belgium. In: IZA Journal of Labor Policy, Jg. 12. DOI:10.2478/izajolp-2022-0003

    Abstract

    "Hiring subsidies are widely used to create (stable) employment for the long-term unemployed. This paper exploits the abolition of a hiring subsidy targeted at long-term unemployed jobseekers older than 45 years of age in Belgium to evaluate its effectiveness in the short and medium run. Based on a triple-difference methodology, the hiring subsidy is shown to increase the job-finding rate by 13% without any evidence of spillover effects. This effect is driven by a positive effect on individuals with at least a bachelor's degree. However, the hiring subsidy mainly creates temporary short-lived employment: eligible jobseekers are not more likely to find employment that lasts at least 12 consecutive months compared with ineligible jobseekers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Labour market protection across space and time: A revised typology and a taxonomy of countries' trajectories of change (2022)

    Ferragina, Emanuele ; Filetti, Federico Danilo;

    Zitatform

    Ferragina, Emanuele & Federico Danilo Filetti (2022): Labour market protection across space and time: A revised typology and a taxonomy of countries' trajectories of change. In: Journal of European Social Policy, Jg. 32, H. 2, S. 148-165. DOI:10.1177/09589287211056222

    Abstract

    "We measure and interpret the evolution of labour market protection across 21 high-income countries over three decades, employing as conceptual foundations the ‘regime varieties’ and ‘trajectories of change’ developed by Esping-Andersen, Estevez-Abe, Hall and Soskice, and Thelen. We measure labour market protection considering four institutional dimensions – employment protection, unemployment protection, income maintenance and activation – and the evolution of the workforce composition. This measurement accounts for the joint evolution of labour market institutions, their complementarities and their relation to outcomes, and mitigate the unrealistic Average Production Worker assumption. We handle the multi-dimensional nature of labour market protection with Principal Component Analysis and capture the characteristics of countries’ trajectories of change with a composite score. We contribute to the literature in three ways. (1) We portray a revised typology that accounts for processes of change between 1990 and 2015, and that clusters regime varieties on the basis of coordination and solidarity levels, that is, Central/Northern European, Southern European, liberal. (2) We illustrate that, despite a persistent gap, a large majority of Coordinated Market Economies experiencing a decline in the level of labour market protection became more similar to Liberal Market Economies. (3) We develop a fivefold taxonomy of countries’ trajectories of change (liberalization, dualization, flexibility, de-dualization and higher protection), showing that these trajectories are not always path-dependent and consistent with regime varieties previously developed in the literature." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Mentoring as a Pathway to Labour Market Integration: Evidence from a Belgian Programme (2021)

    Bagnoli, Lisa; Estache, Antonio; Fourati, Maleke;

    Zitatform

    Bagnoli, Lisa, Antonio Estache & Maleke Fourati (2021): Mentoring as a Pathway to Labour Market Integration. Evidence from a Belgian Programme. (ECARES working paper 2021-11), Brüssel, 23 S.

    Abstract

    "In this paper, we provide evidence on mentoring as a way to ease the labour market integration of youth with a migration background. To do so, we designed a survey and collected information from mentees of a Belgian mentoring programme (DUO for a JOB). Our results show that the mentoring programme covers different topics. Some topics, such as gaining self-confidence, serve nearly all mentees, while the preference for other topics depends on specific mentee characteristics. Overall, every youth with a migration background can benefit from the mentoring programme, irrespective of their education or migration background." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Levelling the playing field? Active labour market policies, educational attainment and unemployment (2019)

    Benda, Luc; Koster, Ferry; van der Veen, Romke;

    Zitatform

    Benda, Luc, Ferry Koster & Romke van der Veen (2019): Levelling the playing field? Active labour market policies, educational attainment and unemployment. In: The International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, Jg. 39, H. 3/4, S. 276-295. DOI:10.1108/IJSSP-08-2018-0138

    Abstract

    "The purpose of this paper is to investigate how active labour market policy (ALMP) training programmes and hiring subsidies increase or decrease differences in the unemployment risk between lesser and higher educated people during an economic downturn. A focus is put on potential job competition dynamics and cumulative (dis)advantages of the lesser and higher educated" (Author's abstract, © Emerald Group) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Active labor market policies: Lessons from other countries for the United States (2019)

    Bown, Chad P.; Freund, Caroline;

    Zitatform

    Bown, Chad P. & Caroline Freund (2019): Active labor market policies. Lessons from other countries for the United States. (Working paper / Peterson Institute for International Economics 2019-02), Washington, DC, 12 S.

    Abstract

    "US labor force participation has been weak in recent decades, especially during the recovery of the financial crisis of 2007 - 09. This paper examines several programs that governments in other advanced industrial countries have established to help jobless workers continue to seek employment, not drop out of the labor force, and ultimately find jobs. These programs more actively support out-of-work citizens by facilitating matches between workers and firms, helping workers in their job searches, and sometimes creating jobs when none are available in the private sector. The evidence presented in this paper concludes that job placement services, training, wage subsidies, and other labor adjustment policies can be used to successfully help workers find employment and remain tied to the labor market. By contrast, direct job creation through public works projects and other government programs are less effective in helping workers over the long run." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Labour market regulations and high quality employment in EU-15 countries (2018)

    Bilbao-Ubillos, Javier; Intxaurburu, Gurutze; Alsasua, Jesús-Luis; Ullibarri-Arce, Miren;

    Zitatform

    Bilbao-Ubillos, Javier, Jesús-Luis Alsasua, Gurutze Intxaurburu & Miren Ullibarri-Arce (2018): Labour market regulations and high quality employment in EU-15 countries. In: Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, Jg. 31, H. 3, S. 207-226. DOI:10.1080/13511610.2017.1384366

    Abstract

    "The elements that we usually include under the concept of 'labour market institutions' exert a clear influence on the workings of the labour market. However, the assessment of labour market policies and institutions remains mostly focused on their impact on the quantity of jobs, while people's well-being depends crucially on how good their jobs are. This paper is a modest attempt to contribute some evidence and insight to the debate on the effects that particular institutional configurations have on the generation of high-quality employment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Early activation and employment promotion (2018)

    Csillag, Márton ; Fertig, Michael; Adamecz-Völgyi, Anna;

    Zitatform

    Csillag, Márton & Anna Adamecz-Völgyi (2018): Early activation and employment promotion. Brüssel, 71 S. DOI:10.2767/085505

    Abstract

    In sechs länderbezogenen Fallstudien untersucht der Beitrag mit der Szenario-Methode die Effizienz und Effektivität einer frühen Intervention bei (drohenden) Massenentlassungen hinsichtlich der Vermeidung von Langzeitarbeitslosigkeit. Frühzeitig bedeutet, noch vor der Entlassung Barrieren zu identifizieren, die eine Reintegration im Wege stehen, eine passgenaue Beratung und Weiterbildungsmöglichkeiten anzubieten. Im Ergebnis zeigen sich positive Effekte bei einer personalisierten Arbeitsberatung, die zudem ohne großen finanziellen Aufwand geleistet werden kann. Weitere Vorzüge der frühen Intervention gegenüber späteren arbeitsmarktpolitischen Maßnahmen konnten nicht generell nachgewiesen werden, jedoch in einzelnen Ländern für bestimmte Zielgruppen. (IAB)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Beschäftigtentransfer stärken!: Lehren aus einem internationalen Vergleich (2018)

    Reissert, Bernd;

    Zitatform

    Reissert, Bernd (2018): Beschäftigtentransfer stärken! Lehren aus einem internationalen Vergleich. (WISO Diskurs 2018,11), Bonn, 20 S.

    Abstract

    "Transfergesellschaften sind das wichtigste Instrument des Beschäftigtentransfers in Deutschland. Dennoch erreichen sie nur etwa ein bis zwei Prozent aller Arbeitnehmer_innen, die ihren Arbeitsplatz durch Stellenabbau oder Betriebsschließung verlieren. Der Beschäftigtentransfer, der den Betroffenen dazu verhelfen soll, ohne größere Unterbrechung eine dauerhafte Anschlussbeschäftigung zu finden, spielt in der deutschen Arbeitsmarktpolitik bislang nur eine untergeordnete Rolle. Für einen sich verschärfenden Strukturwandel erscheint Deutschland damit nur schwach gerüstet. Das vorliegende Papier legt zunächst die schwierigen Rahmenbedingungen dar, denen Transfergesellschaften in Deutschland unterliegen. Das Instrument der Transfergesellschaft verbindet Elemente des kollektiven Arbeitsrechts mit Elementen der öffentlichen Arbeitsförderung. Diese Konstruktion führt in der Praxis zu einer Vielzahl von Hindernissen, die die Nutzung des Instruments - trotz seiner nachweisbaren Erfolge und Vorteile - erheblich erschweren. In den anschließenden Kapiteln wendet sich das Papier den drei ausgewählten internationalen Beispielen zu und erläutert die Hintergründe der auf tarifvertraglicher Grundlage errichteten Arbeitssicherungsstiftungen (Job Security Councils) in Schweden, der in Kooperation von Gewerkschaften und Arbeitsverwaltung betriebenen Cellules de Reconversion in der belgischen Wallonie und der verschiedenen Varianten der Arbeitsstiftungen in Österreich. Der Vergleich mit den drei genannten Ländern kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass das System des Beschäftigtentransfers in Deutschland vor allem drei Schwächen aufweist. Erstens erreicht der Beschäftigtentransfer in Deutschland nur einen sehr viel kleineren Anteil der Beschäftigten als in Belgien und Österreich und vor allem in Schweden. Zweitens ist der Zugang für Arbeitnehmer_innen aus kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen (KMU), aus kleineren Restrukturierungsfällen und aus Betrieben ohne Betriebsrat zum Beschäftigtentransfer in Deutschland wesentlich schwieriger als in Schweden und Belgien (und teilweise auch in Österreich). Und drittens hat die Qualifizierung für einen dauerhaften neuen Arbeitsplatz im deutschen Beschäftigtentransfer eine geringere Bedeutung als in Schweden und Österreich. Die im Abschlusskapitel formulierten Reformvorschläge für Deutschland zielen damit sowohl auf breitere Zugänge in den Beschäftigtentransfer (vor allem aus KMU) als auch auf die Stärkung der Qualifizierung in Transfergesellschaften ab. Diese Reformschritte sollten angepackt werden, damit der Beschäftigtentransfer einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Bewältigung eines beschleunigten Strukturwandels leisten kann." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Contracting-out welfare services: comparing national policy designs for unemployment assistance (2015)

    Considine, Mark; Graziano, Paolo R.; Knuth, Matthias; Fuertes, Vanesa; Zimmermann, Katharina ; Whitworth, Adam ; Aurich, Patrizia; Taylor, Rebecca; Berkel, Rik van; Nguyen, Phuc ; O'Sullivan, Siobhan; Rees, James; Carter, Elle; Shutes, Isabel; Benish, Avishai; Struyven, Ludo;

    Zitatform

    Considine, Mark, Siobhan O'Sullivan, Paolo R. Graziano, Matthias Knuth, Vanesa Fuertes, Katharina Zimmermann, Adam Whitworth, Patrizia Aurich, Rebecca Taylor, Rik van Berkel, Phuc Nguyen, James Rees, Elle Carter, Isabel Shutes, Avishai Benish & Ludo Struyven (2015): Contracting-out welfare services. Comparing national policy designs for unemployment assistance. (Broadening Perspectives on social policy), Chichester: Wiley Blackwell, 173 S.

    Abstract

    Contracting-out Welfare Services focuses on the design and overhaul of welfare-to-work systems around the world in the light of the radical re-design of the welfare system; internationally based authors utilise a national/program case study, considering employment services policy and activation practices.
    Content:
    Mark Considine; Siobhan O'Sullivan: Introduction: Contracting out welfare services: comparing national policy designs for unemployment assistance (1-9);
    Katharina Zimmermann, Patrizia Aurich, Paolo R. Graziano, Vanesa Fuertes: Local worlds of marketization - employment policies in Germany, Italy and the UK compared (11-32);
    Ludo Struyven: Varieties of market competition in public employment services - a comparison of the emergence and evolution of the new system in Australia, the Netherlands and Belgium (33-53);
    Mark Considine, Siobhan O'Sullivan, Phuc Nguyen: Governance, Boards of directors and the impact of contracting on not-for-profits organizations - an Australian study (55-74);
    Rik van Berkel: Quasi-markets and the delivery of activation - a frontline perspective (75-90);
    Isabel Shutes, Rebecca Taylor: Conditionality and the financing of employment services - implications for the social divisions of work and welfare (91-108);
    James Rees, Adam Whitworth, Elle Carter: Support for all in the UK work programme? Differential payments, same old problem (109-128);
    Matthias Knuth: Broken hierarchies, quasi-markets and supported networks - a governance experiment in the second tier of Germany's Public employment service (129-150);
    Avishai Benish: The public accountability of privatized activation - the case of Israel (151-166).

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Can income support for part-time workers serve as a stepping-stone to regular jobs? An application to young long-term unemployed women (2013)

    Cockx, Bart ; Robin, Stéphane; Goebel, Christian;

    Zitatform

    Cockx, Bart, Christian Goebel & Stéphane Robin (2013): Can income support for part-time workers serve as a stepping-stone to regular jobs? An application to young long-term unemployed women. In: Empirical economics, Jg. 44, H. 1, S. 189-229. DOI:10.1007/s00181-010-0357-8

    Abstract

    "This article investigates whether income support for low-paid part-time workers in Belgium increases the transition from unemployment to non-subsidised, 'regular' employment. Our analysis uses a sample of long-term unemployed young women. Observing their labour market histories from 1998 to 2001, we implement the 'timing of events' method to identify the treatment effect. Our results suggest that participation in the policy has a significantly positive effect on the transition to regular employment. Participation reduced the survivor rate in unemployment by 27% points 1 year after the start of the programme. The time spent in the programme did not affect the transition to regular employment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Monitoring job search effort: an evaluation based on a regression discontinuity design (2012)

    Cockx, Bart ; Dejemeppe, Muriel;

    Zitatform

    Cockx, Bart & Muriel Dejemeppe (2012): Monitoring job search effort. An evaluation based on a regression discontinuity design. In: Labour economics, Jg. 19, H. 5, S. 729-737. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2012.05.017

    Abstract

    "Since July 2004, the job search effort of long-term unemployed benefit claimants has been monitored in Belgium. We exploit the discontinuity in the treatment assignment at the age of 30 present in the first year of the reform to evaluate the effect of a notification sent at least eight months before job search is verified. Eight months after this notification and prior to the first monitoring interview, transitions to employment have increased by nearly nine percentage points compared to the counterfactual of no reform. Participation in training is raised, but not significantly, while withdrawals from the labor force are not affected." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Building flexibility and accountability into local employment services: country report for Belgium (2011)

    Bogaerts, Kristel; Marx, Ive ; Van Dooren, Wouter; Froy, Francesca; Echelpoels, Hans;

    Zitatform

    Bogaerts, Kristel, Hans Echelpoels, Wouter Van Dooren, Ive Marx & Francesca Froy (2011): Building flexibility and accountability into local employment services. Country report for Belgium. (OECD Local Economic and Employment Development working papers 2011,11), Paris, 67 S. DOI:10.1787/5kg3mkv0448s-en

    Abstract

    "The OECD and its Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Programme have initiated a study on 'Managing Accountability and Flexibility in Labour Market Policy' in four countries: Canada, Belgium, the Netherlands and Denmark. The study aims to identify:
    - The degree of flexibility that exists at local and regional levels in order to organise an active employment policy directed at local/regional needs and challenges.
    - How flexibility and latitude can be increased at local/regional levels concurrently with ensuring accountability in realising national goals and managing focus areas.
    This report explores the accountability and flexibility in labour market policy in Flanders (Belgium) based on a series of indicators on programme design and eligibility criteria, target groups, budgets and financing, goals and performance management, collaboration and outsourcing." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Building flexibility and accountability into local employment services: synthesis of OECD studies in Belgium, Canada, Denmark and The Netherlands (2011)

    Froy, Francesca; Wood, Donna E.; Giguere, Sylvain; Pyne, Lucy;

    Zitatform

    Froy, Francesca, Sylvain Giguere, Lucy Pyne & Donna E. Wood (2011): Building flexibility and accountability into local employment services. Synthesis of OECD studies in Belgium, Canada, Denmark and The Netherlands. (OECD Local Economic and Employment Development working papers 2011,10), Paris, 91 S. DOI:10.1787/5kg3mkv3tr21-en

    Abstract

    "The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and its Local Economic and Employment (LEED) Programme conducted a study on Managing Accountability and Flexibility in Labour Market Policy in four countries: Belgium (Flanders), Canada (Alberta and New Brunswick), Denmark and the Netherlands to identify:
    - What degree of flexibility is available at the local and regional level regarding active labour market policy measures?
    - How can more flexibility at the local level go together with more effective policy measures while preserving accountability and the achievement of national policy goals?
    For this project, the OECD has analysed the management of flexibility and accountability in active labour market regimes in four OECD countries: Canada (looking at the provinces of Alberta and New Brunswick), Belgium (focusing on the region of Flanders), the Netherlands and Denmark. All represent examples of political decentralisation within a multilevel governance structure. Using the same procedure in each country, country experts assessed the balance between flexibility and accountability in the local management of labour market programmes and policies." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Active labor market policy evaluations: a meta-analysis (2010)

    Card, David; Weber, Andrea; Kluve, Jochen;

    Zitatform

    Card, David, Jochen Kluve & Andrea Weber (2010): Active labor market policy evaluations. A meta-analysis. (NBER working paper 16173), Cambridge, Mass., 48 S. DOI:10.3386/w16173

    Abstract

    "This paper presents a meta-analysis of recent microeconometric evaluations of active labor market policies. Our sample contains 199 separate 'program estimates' - estimates of the impact of a particular program on a specific subgroup of participants - drawn from 97 studies conducted between 1995 and 2007. For about one-half of the sample we have both a short-term program estimate (for a one-year post-program horizon) and a medium- or long-term estimate (for 2 or 3 year horizons). We categorize the estimated post-program impacts as significantly positive, insignificant, or significantly negative. By this criterion we find that job search assistance programs are more likely to yield positive impacts, whereas public sector employment programs are less likely. Classroom and on-the-job training programs yield relatively positive impacts in the medium term, although in the short-term these programs often have insignificant or negative impacts. We also find that the outcome variable used to measure program impact matters. In particular, studies based on registered unemployment are more likely to yield positive program impacts than those based on other outcomes (like employment or earnings). On the other hand, neither the publication status of a study nor the use of a randomized design is related to the sign or significance of the corresponding program estimate. Finally, we use a subset of studies that focus on post-program employment to compare meta-analytic models for the 'effect size' of a program estimate with models for the sign and significance of the estimated program effect. We find that the two approaches lead to very similar conclusions about the determinants of program impact." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The threat of monitoring job search: a discontinuity design (2010)

    Cockx, Bart ; Dejemeppe, Muriel;

    Zitatform

    Cockx, Bart & Muriel Dejemeppe (2010): The threat of monitoring job search. A discontinuity design. (CESifo working paper 3267), München, 39 S.

    Abstract

    "Since July 2004 the job search effort of long-term unemployed benefit claimants is monitored in Belgium. We exploit the discontinuity in the treatment assignment at the age of 30 to evaluate the effect of a notification sent at least 8 months before job search is verified. The threat of monitoring increases transitions to employment, but of lower quality. In the less prosperous region, Wallonia, the impact is smaller, despite of the presence of specific counseling for the notified workers, and more heterogeneous. Moreover, in this region, the threat induces women to substitute sickness for unemployment benefits." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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