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FDZ-Literatur / FDZ Literature

Die FDZ-Literaturdatenbank umfasst neben Datensatzbeschreibungen und Methodenberichten die zahlreichen Forschungsarbeiten, die auf Basis der am FDZ angebotenen Daten entstanden sind. Hier finden Sie aktuell laufende Projekte von FDZ-Nutzenden.
Darüber hinaus stehen die Literaturdatenbank zum IAB-Betriebspanel sowie die Literaturdatenbank zum PASS zur Verfügung.

Apart from dataset descriptions and methodology reports, the FDZ literature database contains numerous research papers written on the basis of the data provided by the FDZ. Here you can find currently ungoing research projects of FDZ users.
In addition, literature databases on the IAB Establishment Panel and the Panel Study Labour Market and Social Security (PASS) are available for research.

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Predicting Job Match Quality: A Machine Learning Approach (2024)

    Mühlbauer, Sabrina; Weber, Enzo ;

    Zitatform

    Mühlbauer, Sabrina & Enzo Weber (2024): Predicting Job Match Quality: A Machine Learning Approach. (IAB-Discussion Paper 09/2024), Nürnberg, 25 S. DOI:10.48720/IAB.DP.2409

    Abstract

    "Dieses Papier beschäftigt sich mit einer groß angelegten Datenanalyse um die Matching‑Qualität auf dem Arbeitsmarkt zu untersuchen. Hierfür verwenden wir einen sehr umfangreichen administrativen Datensatz zu Arbeitsmarktbiographien in Deutschland. Die Schätzungen werden sowohl mit maschinellem Lernen (extreme gradient boosting), als auch mit traditionellen statistischen Methoden (OLS, logit) durchgeführt. Bei der Gegenüberstellung beider Methoden wird deutlich, dass maschinelles Lernen insbesondere in den Bereichen Mustererkennung, Analyse von sehr großen Datensätzen und Minimierung der Fehlerrate deutliche Vorteile gegenüber den herkömmlichen Methoden aufweist. Schließlich werden die Prognosen für Matching‑Qualität (Stabilität und Löhne) mit Matching‑Wahrscheinlichkeiten kombiniert. Anhand dieser Ergebnisse wird für jede arbeitssuchende Person eine Liste mit Berufsvorschlägen generiert. Damit können Arbeitsvermittlern und Arbeitssuchenden Alternativen aufgezeigt werden, wodurch sich ihr Suchverhalten auf dem Arbeitsmarkt erweitern könnte." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

    Beteiligte aus dem IAB

    Mühlbauer, Sabrina; Weber, Enzo ;
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  • Literaturhinweis

    Skill mismatch and the costs of job displacement (2024)

    Neffke, Frank ; Wiederhold, Simon ; Nedelkoska, Ljubica ;

    Zitatform

    Neffke, Frank, Ljubica Nedelkoska & Simon Wiederhold (2024): Skill mismatch and the costs of job displacement. (IWH-Diskussionspapiere / Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle 2023,11), Halle, 67 S.

    Abstract

    "Establishment closures have lasting negative consequences for the workers they displace from their jobs. We study how these consequences vary with the amount of skill mismatch that workers experience after job displacement. Developing new measures of occupational skill redundancy and skill shortage, we analyze the work histories of individuals in Germany between 1975 and 2010. We estimate difference in-differences models, using a sample of displaced workers who are matched to statistically similar non-displaced workers. We find that displacements increase the probability of occupational change eleven-fold. Moreover, the magnitude of postdisplacement earnings losses strongly depends on the type of skill mismatch that workers experience in such job switches. Whereas skill shortages are associated with relatively quick returns to the counterfactual earnings trajectories that displaced workers would have experienced absent displacement, skill redundancy sets displaced workers on paths with permanently lower earnings. We show that these differences can be attributed to differences in mismatch after displacement, and not to intrinsic differences between workers making different post-displacement. career choices" (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Skill mismatch and the costs of job displacement (2024)

    Neffke, Frank ; Nedelkoska, Ljubica ; Wiederhold, Simon ;

    Zitatform

    Neffke, Frank, Ljubica Nedelkoska & Simon Wiederhold (2024): Skill mismatch and the costs of job displacement. In: Research Policy, Jg. 53. DOI:10.1016/j.respol.2023.104933

    Abstract

    "Establishment closures have lasting negative consequences for the workers displaced from their jobs. We study how these consequences vary with the amount of skill mismatch that workers experience after job displacement. Developing new measures of occupational skill redundancy and skill shortage, we analyze the work histories of individuals in Germany between 1975 and 2010. We estimate difference-in-differences models, using a sample of displaced workers who are matched to statistically similar non-displaced workers. We find that displacements increase the probability of occupation change eleven-fold. Moreover, the magnitude of post-displacement earnings losses strongly depends on the type of skill mismatch that workers experience in such job switches. Whereas skill shortages are associated with relatively quick returns to the earnings trajectories that displaced workers would have experienced absent displacement, skill redundancy sets displaced workers on paths with permanently lower earnings. We show that these differences can be attributed to differences in mismatch after displacement, and not to intrinsic differences between workers making different post-displacement career choices." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Elsevier) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Implications of Technology on Wages, Factor Shares and Inequalities across Demographic Groups in the European Labor Market (2024)

    Oleš, Tomáš ;

    Zitatform

    Oleš, Tomáš (2024): Implications of Technology on Wages, Factor Shares and Inequalities across Demographic Groups in the European Labor Market. Bratislava, 134 S.

    Abstract

    "Acemoglu and Restrepo (2022) document that between 50% and 70% of changes in the U.S. wage structure over the last four decades are accounted for by relative wage declines of worker groups specialized in routine tasks in industries experiencing rapid automation. First, we draw major inspiration from this fact and provide new empirical evidence from France and Germany. Based on the evolution of real wages across the last four decades, especially in Germany, we observe strong support for the idea that high-skill biased technological change is displacing some of the least-educated workers. We utilize the conceptual framework by Acemoglu and Restrepo (2022), which links demographic group task displacement, productivity gains, and changes in wage and employment structures over the last three decades. We document that workers in groups more exposed to task displacement, particularly those with lower educational attainment, experienced larger declines in wages and employment (France being the exception), while those in less exposed groups enjoyed increases in wages and employment. We hypothesize that real wages do not reflect the task displacement experienced by workers in a similar way as documented in the U.S. because in France, and to a lesser extent in Germany, wages are downwardly rigid due to institutional factors and a different pace of adoption of automation technologies compared to the US. Second, we contribute to the scarce empirical literature by simultaneously examining the labor-complementing and labor-substituting effects of technology on employment changes, drawing inspiration from Autor et al. (2022). Using text analysis techniques, we create an objective measure of exposure to automation and augmentation for ISCO-08 occupations to robots, software and AI technology. We measure how semantically similar the inputs and outputs of an occupation are to the tasks embedded in the patent documents. Our findings reveal a moderate positive correlation between automation and augmentation exposure across occupations. We find that augmentation and automation move labor demand in countervailing directions. Specifically, we find that occupations with higher exposure to automation than to augmentation tend to experience, on average, declines in employment, while those with higher exposure to augmentation technologies see higher employment growth. These results are in line with the study by Autor et al. (2022). We also find that these findings are robust across different technologies (robots, software, and AI) and across manufacturing and non-manufacturing sectors. Third, we correlationally link labor productivity, wages, and the fall in aggregate labor share in France, Germany, Italy, and Spain with increasing market concentration. We find that as industry concentration increases, labor productivity and wages also increase, while labor share decreases. One of the much-discussed mechanisms behind this development is the spreading of fixed overhead labor costs over the larger value added by highly productive (superstar) firms (Autor et al., 2017), which, hand-in-hand, gain a larger market share. We follow the empirical approach of Stiel and Schiersch (2022) and test this prediction empirically using firm-level data from CompNet. Our findings show that labor share declines in a non-linear manner with increasing total factor productivity as we approach frontier (superstar) firms. Later, we link these observations with industry-level investment in digital technologies and explore the different effects on productivity, wages, and labor share across the firm size distribution. Our estimates indicate that increases in investment in digital capital or its deepening accelerate productivity and wages for firms operating in the fourth and fifth quintiles of the firm size distribution, but have zero impact on the labor share paid by firms." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Wage inequality consequences of expanding public childcare (2024)

    Riedel, Lukas;

    Zitatform

    Riedel, Lukas (2024): Wage inequality consequences of expanding public childcare. (ZEW discussion paper 24-006), Mannheim, 56 S.

    Abstract

    "This paper assesses the impact of a large expansion of public childcare in Germany on wage inequality. Exploiting regional variation in childcare supply over the 1990s, I show that in regions with stronger increases in childcare, wage inequality among women increased less strongly compared to regions with smaller increases. This is primarily driven by the lower half of the wage distribution and qualitatively similar for full- and part-time workers. Larger expansions in childcare, however, do not contribute to a further closing of the gender wage gap." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Earnings assimilation of post-reunification East German migrants in West Germany (2024)

    Riphahn, Regina T. ; Sauer, Irakli;

    Zitatform

    Riphahn, Regina T. & Irakli Sauer (2024): Earnings assimilation of post-reunification East German migrants in West Germany. In: Labour, Jg. 38, H. 4, S. 475-510., 2024-05-13. DOI:10.1111/labr.12279

    Abstract

    "We investigate the wage assimilation of East Germans who migrated to West Germany after reunification (1990–99). We compare their wage assimilation to that of ethnic German immigrants from Eastern Bloc countries and international immigrants to West Germany who arrived at the same time. The analysis uses administrative as well as survey data. The results suggest that East Germans faced significant initial earnings disadvantages in West Germany, even conditional on age and education. However, these disadvantages were smaller than those of international immigrants, supporting the beneficial role of cultural similarity. The earnings gap relative to West German natives narrowed over time for all immigrants. These findings are robust to controlling for potentially endogenous return migration and labor force participation. Controls for fixed effects reveal that positive assimilation for East German and international immigrants was concentrated among highly educated immigrants." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))

    Beteiligte aus dem IAB

    Sauer, Irakli;
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  • Literaturhinweis

    Earnings Assimilation of Post-reunification East German Migrants in West Germany (2024)

    Riphahn, Regina T. ; Sauer, Irakli;

    Zitatform

    Riphahn, Regina T. & Irakli Sauer (2024): Earnings Assimilation of Post-reunification East German Migrants in West Germany. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 17148), Bonn, 54 S.

    Abstract

    "We investigate the wage assimilation of East Germans who migrated to West Germany after reunification (1990-1999). We compare their wage assimilation to that of ethnic German immigrants from Eastern Bloc countries and international immigrants to West Germany who arrived at the same time. The analysis uses administrative as well as survey data. The results suggest that East Germans faced significant initial earnings disadvantages in West Germany, even conditional on age and education. However, these disadvantages were smaller than those of international immigrants, supporting the beneficial role of cultural similarity. The earnings gap relative to West German natives narrowed over time for all immigrants. These findings are robust to controlling for potentially endogenous return migration and labor force participation. Controls for fixed effects reveal that positive assimilation for East German and international immigrants was concentrated among highly educated immigrants." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

    Beteiligte aus dem IAB

    Sauer, Irakli;
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  • Literaturhinweis

    Subventionen für „kleine Jobs“: Die Auswirkungen von Mini- und Midijobs in Deutschland (2024)

    Riphahn, Regina T. ;

    Zitatform

    Riphahn, Regina T. (2024): Subventionen für „kleine Jobs“. Die Auswirkungen von Mini- und Midijobs in Deutschland. In: Wirtschafts- und Sozialstatistisches Archiv, Jg. 18, H. 1, S. 5-14. DOI:10.1007/s11943-024-00335-3

    Abstract

    "Die Grohmann-Vorlesung des Jahres 2023 beschäftigt sich mit dem Phänomen der „kleinen Jobs“ in Deutschland. Zunächst wird der institutionelle und historische Hintergrund von Minijobs erläutert und die Intensität ihrer Nutzung beschrieben. Anschließend fasst der Text die Inhalte von drei empirischen Studien zusammen. Diese setzen sich mit der Frage auseinander ob (i) Arbeitgeber reguläre Beschäftigung durch Minijobs ersetzen, (ii) Minijobs zur „motherhood penalty“ in Deutschland beitragen und (iii) ob Midijobs Übergänge aus Minijobs in reguläre sozialversicherungspflichtige Beschäftigung erleichtert haben. Die Vorlesung schließt mit einer Betrachtung möglicher Regelungsalternativen für „kleine Jobs“ in Deutschland." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Earnings Assimilation of Post-reunification East German Migrants in West Germany (2024)

    Riphahn, Regina T. ; Sauer, Irakli;

    Zitatform

    Riphahn, Regina T. & Irakli Sauer (2024): Earnings Assimilation of Post-reunification East German Migrants in West Germany. (LASER discussion papers 152), Erlangen, 57 S.

    Abstract

    "We investigate the wage assimilation of East Germans who migrated to West Germany after reunification (1990-1999). We compare their wage assimilation to that of ethnic German immigrants from Eastern Bloc countries and international immigrants to West Germany who arrived at the same time. The analysis uses administrative as well as survey data. The results suggest that East Germans faced significant initial earnings disadvantages in West Germany, even conditional on age and education. However, these disadvantages were smaller than those of international immigrants, supporting the beneficial role of cultural similarity. The earnings gap relative to West German natives narrowed over time for all immigrants. These findings are robust to controlling for potentially endogenous return migration and labor force participation. Controls for fixed effects reveal that positive assimilation for East German and international immigrants was concentrated among highly educated immigrants." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

    Beteiligte aus dem IAB

    Sauer, Irakli;
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  • Literaturhinweis

    Spatial earnings inequality (2024)

    Schluter, Christian; Trede, Mark ;

    Zitatform

    Schluter, Christian & Mark Trede (2024): Spatial earnings inequality. In: Journal of Economic Inequality, Jg. 22, H. 3, S. 531-550. DOI:10.1007/s10888-023-09616-3

    Abstract

    "Earnings inequality in Germany has increased dramatically. Measuring inequality locally at the level of cities annually since 1985, we find that behind this development is the rapidly worsening inequality in the largest cities, driven by increasing earnings polarization. In the cross-section, local earnings inequality rises substantially in city size, and this city-size inequality penalty has increased steadily since 1985, reaching an elasticity of .2 in 2010. Inequality decompositions reveal that overall earnings inequality is almost fully explained by the within-locations component, which in turn is driven by the largest cities. The worsening inequality in the largest cities is amplified by their greater population weight. Examining the local earnings distributions directly reveals that this is due to increasing earnings polarization that is strongest in the largest places. Both upper and lower distributional tails become heavier over time, and are the heaviest in the largest cities. We establish these results using a large and spatially representative administrative data set, and address the top-coding problem in these data using a parametric distribution approach that outperforms standard imputations." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Essays über Einkommensdynamiken und -risiken (2024)

    Schmal, Friederike;

    Zitatform

    Schmal, Friederike (2024): Essays über Einkommensdynamiken und -risiken. 134 S.

    Abstract

    "Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es nun, einen Blick auf die Einkommensdynamiken im deutschen Arbeitsmarkt zu werfen, der einige Besonderheiten aufweist. Dazu gehören beispielsweise die deutsche Wiedervereinigung und die darauf folgenden Umstrukturierungen Anfang der 1990er Jahre oder auch die Globalisierung (Bartels (2014, S. 2)). Zunächst untersuche ich, welche Modellannahmen sich für die Einkommensmodellierung in Deutschland als tragfähig erweisen. Anschließend erfolgt die Einführung eines neuen Absicherungsinstrumentes, das auf Basis von Parametern zu Beginn des Erwerbslebens Assets kreiert, die gegen unerwartete Einkommensrisiken absichern sollen. Abschließend analysiere ich, inwieweit Ausbildungsentscheidungen das zukünftige Einkommen beeinflussen. Dies geschieht mittels der Schätzung kontrafaktischer Einkommenstrajektorien, die einen Vergleich zwischen den Entscheidungsfolgen ermöglichen. Bei all diesen Beiträgen spielen idiosynkratische Einkommensrisiken eine zentrale Rolle. Zur Untersuchung der zuvor genannten Fragestellungen werde ich zwei deutsche Datensätze heranziehen.2 Zum einen sind das Arbeitsmarktdaten von der Bundesagentur für Arbeit (Stichprobe der Integrierten Arbeitsmarktbiografien (SIAB)). Diese dienen zur Analyse der Einkommensmodellierung und -absicherung (Kapitel 2 und 3) und umfassen insgesamt Beobachtungen von mehr als 1.7 Millionen Individuen über einen Zeitraum von über 40 Jahren. Neben der Größe des Datensatzes ist besonders dessen Qualität hervorzuheben. Durch die administrative Aufbereitung und Bereitstellung sind beispielsweise vor allem die Einkommensobservationen besonders verlässlich. Das vierte Kapitel widmet sich der Schätzung kontrafaktischer Einkommensdynamiken in Abhängigkeit von bestimmten Ausbildungsentscheidungen im Leben eines Individuums. Um dabei auch kognitive Fähigkeiten berücksichtigen zu können, wechselt die Datengrundlage auf das Sozio-oekonomische Panel (SOEP). Auch dieser Datensatz ist mit fast 150 000 Individuen sehr umfangreich und umfasst mehrere Jahrzehnte (wie die SIAB-Daten). Im Gegensatz zu den vorher genutzten administrativen Daten werden in diesem Survey-Datensatz zahlreiche zusätzliche Variablen abgefragt (Schulnoten, selbst eingeschätzter Gesundheitszustand, Bildungshintergrund der Eltern). Allerdings bringen Survey-Daten auch einige Nachteile mit sich. Laut Guvenen, Pistaferri u. a. (2022) gehören dazu unter anderem Probleme mit Messfehlern, eine mangelnde Repräsentativität (insbesondere an den Rändern der Verteilungen), das Ausscheiden von Individuen (sample attrition) und eine kleine Stichprobengröße. In dieser Arbeit wird durch die mehrmalige Ausführung von Datenreinigungs- und Imputationsschritten bei den zwei genutzten Datensätzen jeweils eine hohe Datenqualität erzielt." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Did the Bologna Process Challenge the German Apprenticeship System? Evidence from a Natural Experiment (2024)

    Thomsen, Stephan L. ; Trunzer, Johannes;

    Zitatform

    Thomsen, Stephan L. & Johannes Trunzer (2024): Did the Bologna Process Challenge the German Apprenticeship System? Evidence from a Natural Experiment. In: Journal of Human Capital, Jg. accepted manuscript, S. 1-87. DOI:10.1086/730273

    Abstract

    "The Bologna Process reformed the German university system by introducing three-year undergraduate degrees. We evaluate the effects on the dual apprenticeship system where 29% of new apprentices are also qualified for university. For identification, we exploit regional and temporal variation in reform adoption, using administrative student and labor market data from 1997 to 2015. The Bologna reform implementation reduced the number of new highly educated apprentices considerably. In particular, clerical apprenticeships were affected. Firms did not substitute with less-educated apprentices, but partly replaced the lower supply of new highly educated apprentices with university graduates in the long run." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Chicago University Press) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The impact of modeling decisions in statistical profiling (2023)

    Bach, Ruben L. ; Mautner, Hannah ; Kern, Christoph ; Kreuter, Frauke ;

    Zitatform

    Bach, Ruben L., Christoph Kern, Hannah Mautner & Frauke Kreuter (2023): The impact of modeling decisions in statistical profiling. In: Data & Policy, Jg. 5. DOI:10.1017/dap.2023.29

    Abstract

    "Statistical profiling of job seekers is an attractive option to guide the activities of public employment services. Many hope that algorithms will improve both efficiency and effectiveness of employment services’ activities that are so far often based on human judgment. Against this backdrop, we evaluate regression and machine-learning models for predicting job-seekers’ risk of becoming long-term unemployed using German administrative labor market data. While our models achieve competitive predictive performance, we show that training an accurate prediction model is just one element in a series of design and modeling decisions, each having notable effects that span beyond predictive accuracy. We observe considerable variation in the cases flagged as high risk across models, highlighting the need for systematic evaluation and transparency of the full prediction pipeline if statistical profiling techniques are to be implemented by employment agencies." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Cambridge University Press) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Spatial Wage Inequality in North America and Western Europe: Changes Between and Within Local Labour Markets 1975-2019 (2023)

    Bauluz, Luis; Lee, Neil ; Breau, Sébastien ; Verdugo, Gregory ; Bukowski, Pawel; Novokmet, Filip; Malgouyres, Clément ; López Forero, Margarita; Schularick, Moritz; Lee, Annie; Fransham, Mark ;

    Zitatform

    Bauluz, Luis, Pawel Bukowski, Mark Fransham, Annie Lee, Margarita López Forero, Filip Novokmet, Sébastien Breau, Neil Lee, Clément Malgouyres, Moritz Schularick & Gregory Verdugo (2023): Spatial Wage Inequality in North America and Western Europe: Changes Between and Within Local Labour Markets 1975-2019. (LSE International Inequalities Institute. Working paper 98), London, 44 S.

    Abstract

    "The rise of economic inequalities in advanced economies has been often linked with the growth of spatial inequalities within countries, yet there is limited comparative research that studies the relationship between national and subnational economic inequality. This paper presents the first systematic attempt to create internationally comparable evidence showing how different countries perform in terms of geographic wage inequalities. We create cross-country comparable measures of spatial wage disparities between and within similarly-defined local labour market areas (LLMAs) for Canada, France, (West) Germany, the UK and the US since the 1970s, and assess their contribution to national inequality. By the end of the 2010s, spatial inequalities in LLMA mean wages are similar in Canada, France, Germany and the UK; the US exhibits the highest degree of spatial inequality. Over the study period, spatial inequalities have nearly doubled in all countries, except for France where spatial inequalities have fallen back to 1970s levels. Due to a concomitant increase in within-place inequality, the contribution of places in explaining national wage inequality has remained fairly constant over the 40-year study period, except in the UK where we document a significant increase." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Spatial Wage Inequality in North America and Western Europe: Changes Between and Within Local Labour Markets 1975-2019 (2023)

    Bauluz, Luis; Breau, Sébastien ; Bukowski, Pawel; Lee, Neil ; Lee, Annie; Malgouyres, Clément ; Novokmet, Filip; Fransham, Mark ; López Forero, Margarita; Verdugo, Gregory ; Schularick, Moritz;

    Zitatform

    Bauluz, Luis, Pawel Bukowski, Mark Fransham, Annie Lee, Margarita López Forero, Filip Novokmet, Sébastien Breau, Neil Lee, Clément Malgouyres, Moritz Schularick & Gregory Verdugo (2023): Spatial Wage Inequality in North America and Western Europe: Changes Between and Within Local Labour Markets 1975-2019. (World Inequality Lab - Working Paper 2023/14), Paris, 44 S.

    Abstract

    "The rise of economic inequalities in advanced economies has been often linked with the growth of spatial inequalities within countries, yet there is limited comparative research that studies the relationship between national and subnational economic inequality. This paper presents the first systematic attempt to create internationally comparable evidence showing how different countries perform in terms of geographic wage inequalities. We create cross-country comparable measures of spatial wage disparities between and within similarly-defined local labour market areas (LLMAs) for Canada, France, (West) Germany, the UK and the US since the 1970s, and assess their contribution to national inequality. By the end of the 2010s, spatial inequalities in LLMA mean wages are similar in Canada, France, Germany and the UK; the US exhibits the highest degree of spatial inequality. Over the study period, spatial inequalities have nearly doubled in all countries, except for France where spatial inequalities have fallen back to 1970s levels. Due to a concomitant increase in within-place inequality, the contribution of places in explaining national wage inequality has remained fairly constant over the 40-year study period, except in the UK where we document a significant increase. Whilst common global social, economic and technological shocks are important drivers of spatial inequality, this variation in levels and trends of spatial inequality opens the way to comparative research exploring the role of national institutions in mediating how global shocks translate into economic disparities between places." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Spatial Wage Inequality in North America and Western Europe: Changes Between and Within Local Labour Markets 1975-2019 (2023)

    Bauluz, Luis; Novokmet, Filip; Breau, S.; Bukowski, P.; Lee, Neil ; Lee, A.; Malgouyres, Clément ; López Forero, M.; Fransham, M.; Verdugo, Gregory ; Schularick, Moritz;

    Zitatform

    Bauluz, Luis, P. Bukowski, M. Fransham, A. Lee, M. López Forero, Filip Novokmet, S. Breau, Neil Lee, Clément Malgouyres, Moritz Schularick & Gregory Verdugo (2023): Spatial Wage Inequality in North America and Western Europe: Changes Between and Within Local Labour Markets 1975-2019. (Kiel working paper / Kiel Institut für Weltwirtschaft (IfW) - Leibniz Zentrum zur Erforschung Globaler Ökonomischer Herausforderungen 2253), Kiel, 44 S.

    Abstract

    "The rise of economic inequalities in advanced economies has been often linked with the growth of spatial inequalities within countries, yet there is limited comparative research that studies the relationship between national and subnational economic inequality. This paper presents the first systematic attempt to create internationally comparable evidence showing how different countries perform in terms of geographic wage inequalities. We create cross-country comparable measures of spatial wage disparities between and within similarly-defined local labour market areas (LLMAs) for Canada, France, (West) Germany, the UK and the US since the 1970s, and assess their contribution to national inequality. By the end of the 2010s, spatial inequalities in LLMA mean wages are similar in Canada, France, Germany and the UK; the US exhibits the highest degree of spatial inequality. Over the study period, spatial inequalities have nearly doubled in all countries, except for France where spatial inequalities have fallen back to 1970s levels. Due to a concomitant increase in within-place inequality, the contribution of places in explaining national wage inequality has remained fairly constant over the 40-year study period, except in the UK where we document a significant increase. Whilst common global social, economic and technological shocks are important drivers of spatial inequality, this variation in levels and trends of spatial inequality opens the way to comparative research exploring the role of national institutions in mediating how global shocks translate into economic disparities between places." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Spatial Wage Inequality in North America and Western Europe: Changes Between and Within Local Labour Markets 1975-2019 (2023)

    Bauluz, Luis; Lee, Annie; Novokmet, Filip; Schularick, Moritz; Breau, Sébastien ; López Forero, Margarita; Lee, Neil ; Fransham, Mark ; Malgouyres, Clément ; Bukowski, Pawel; Verdugo, Gregory ;

    Zitatform

    Bauluz, Luis, Pawel Bukowski, Mark Fransham, Annie Lee, Margarita López Forero, Filip Novokmet, Sébastien Breau, Neil Lee, Clément Malgouyres, Moritz Schularick & Gregory Verdugo (2023): Spatial Wage Inequality in North America and Western Europe: Changes Between and Within Local Labour Markets 1975-2019. (CEPR discussion paper / Centre for Economic Policy Research 18381), London, 44 S.

    Abstract

    "The rise of economic inequalities in advanced economies has been often linked with the growth of spatial inequalities within countries, yet there is limited comparative research that studies the relationship between national and subnational economic inequality. This paper presents the first systematic attempt to create internationally comparable evidence showing how different countries perform in terms of geographic wage inequalities. We create cross-country comparable measures of spatial wage disparities between and within similarly-defined local labour market areas (LLMAs) for Canada, France, (West) Germany, the UK and the US since the 1970s, and assess their contribution to national inequality. By the end of the 2010s, spatial inequalities in LLMA mean wages are similar in Canada, France, Germany and the UK; the US exhibits the highest degree of spatial inequality. Over the study period, spatial inequalities have nearly doubled in all countries, except for France where spatial inequalities have fallen back to 1970s levels. Due to a concomitant increase in within-place inequality, the contribution of places in explaining national wage inequality has remained fairly constant over the 40-year study period, except in the UK where we document a significant increase." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Entgelttransparenzgesetz erreicht Ziel nicht (2023)

    Brändle, Tobias ; Koch, Andreas ;

    Zitatform

    Brändle, Tobias & Andreas Koch (2023): Entgelttransparenzgesetz erreicht Ziel nicht. In: Wirtschaftsdienst, Jg. 103, H. 12, S. 842-849. DOI:10.2478/wd-2023-0230

    Abstract

    "Das Entgelttransparenzgesetz soll dazu beitragen, das Gebot des gleichen Entgelts für Frauen und Männer bei gleicher oder gleichwertiger Arbeit durchzusetzen. Nach der zweiten Evaluation wird deutlich, dass dies mit den vorhandenen Instrumenten des Gesetzes nicht erreicht wird. Ohne größere Änderungen bleibt das Gesetz in großen Teilen ineffektiv – bei gleichzeitig substanziellen bürokratischen Auflagen für Betriebe. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt die Ergebnisse der zweiten Evaluation und zeigt auf, in welche Richtung Reformen gehen könnten." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Subsidized small jobs and maternal labor market outcomes in the long run (2023)

    Collischon, Matthias ; Riphahn, Regina T. ; Cygan-Rehm, Kamila;

    Zitatform

    Collischon, Matthias, Kamila Cygan-Rehm & Regina T. Riphahn (2023): Subsidized small jobs and maternal labor market outcomes in the long run. (LASER discussion papers 148), Erlangen, S. 56.

    Abstract

    "This paper investigates whether incentives generated by public policies contribute to motherhood penalties. Specifically, we study the consequences of subsidized small jobs, the German Minijobs, which are frequently taken up by first-time mothers upon labor market return. Using a combination of propensity score matching and an event study applied to administrative data, we compare the long-run child penalties of mothers who started out in a Minijob employment versus unsubsidized employment or non-employment after birth. We find persistent differences between the Minijobbers and otherwise employed mothers up to 10 years after the first birth, which suggests adverse unintended consequences of the small jobs subsidy program for maternal earnings and pensions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

    Beteiligte aus dem IAB

    Collischon, Matthias ;
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  • Literaturhinweis

    Lifetime consequences of lost instructional time in the classroom: Evidence from shortened school years (2023)

    Cygan-Rehm, Kamila;

    Zitatform

    Cygan-Rehm, Kamila (2023): Lifetime consequences of lost instructional time in the classroom: Evidence from shortened school years. In: Verein für Socialpolitik (Hrsg.) (2023): Growth and the "sociale Frage". Beiträge zur Jahrestagung des Vereins für Socialpolitik 2023.

    Abstract

    "This study estimates the lifetime effects of lost instructional time in the classroom on labor market performance. For identification, I use historical shifts in the school year schedule in Germany, which substantially shortened the duration of the affected school years with no adjustments in the core curriculum. The lost in-school instruction was mainly compensated for by assigning additional homework. Applying a difference-in-differences design to social security records, I find adverse effects of the policy on earnings and employment over nearly the entire occupational career. Unfavorable impacts on human capital are a plausible mechanism behind the deteriorated labor market outcomes." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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