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Asuman, Derek, Ulf-G. Gerdtham, Ann I. Alriksson-Schmidt, Martin Nordin & Johan Jarl (2024): Labour market consequences of an early-onset disability: the case of cerebral palsy. In: Applied Economics, Jg. 56, H. 11, S. 1309-1326. DOI:10.1080/00036846.2023.2176447

Abstract

"The labour market consequences of early-onset or congenital disabilities have received little attention in the literature. In this paper, we study the consequences of cerebral palsy (CP), a lifelong early onset disability, and pathways through which it affects labour outcomes. We use data from multiple linked Swedish National Population Registers between 1990 and 2015 and apply both regression and mediation analysis. Our results show, as expected, strong negative consequences of CP on labour outcomes, and that the consequences have increased over time. The social insurance system, we find, compensates for some of the losses through non-work-related benefits. The results also suggest that the direct effects of CP per se have prominent impact on labour market outcomes. Thus, given the same level of mediators, persons with CP will have lower labour outcomes compared to persons without CP. Our results draw attention to the widening labour market consequences of CP in Sweden." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Bożena, Frączek (2024): Challenges for Inclusive Organizational Behavior (IOB) in Terms of Supporting the Employment of People with Disabilities by Enhancing Remote Working. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 171, H. 3, S. 1019-1041. DOI:10.1007/s11205-023-03290-8

Abstract

"People with disabilities are at a higher risk of loss of work, salary, independence, and thus economic self-sufficiency. The research focuses on the possibilities of implementing the inclusive organizational behavior (IOB) concept in terms of increasing employment of people with disabilities by increasing the scope of remote working for people from this group. The research concerns two aspects related to the challenges for IOB in this area: examining the factors on the side of the employee with special emphasis on features that are important from the perspective of performing remote work, and showing the significance and importance of IOB as an element for narrowing the disability employment gap (DEG) and increasing the inclusion of people with disabilities through their employment (including remote employment). The study uses a macroeconomic approach and was carried out on a macro scale using aggregated data for European Union countries. The regression analysis method (multiple linear regression) was used in the research. The results of the research confirmed the different predictors (in the group of examined factors) of the employment rate in groups of persons with and without a disability. In the first stage of the research, significant predictor was found for the employment rate among the group of factors on the side of the employee that influence the remote work of people with a disability—this was the basic or above basic overall digital skills. However, in the group of people without a disability the predictor was found to be the level of education. Expanding the set of previous factors to the disability employment gap in the second stage of the research changed the significant predictor of the employment rate in the group of people with a disability, but did not change the predictor in the group of people without a disability. In the second stage, the significant predictor of the employment rate proved to be the disability employment gap (among others influenced by inclusive organizational behavior) in the case of people with a disability, and—similarly to the first stage – level of education in the case of people without a disability." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))

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Abend, Sonja (2023): Forschen mit Sehbehinderung: Die Herausforderungen bleiben groß (Serie "Inklusion - eine Herausforderung für Wissenschaft und Praxis"). In: IAB-Forum H. 13.06.2023 Nürnberg. DOI:10.48720/IAB.FOO.20230613.01

Abstract

"Forschungseinrichtungen können ähnlich wie Unternehmen von divers zusammengesetzten Teams profitieren. Dies gilt auch und gerade für Menschen mit Behinderung. Technische Arbeitshilfen erleichtern heute die Inklusion in Bildungssystem und Arbeitsmarkt zwar erheblich. Dennoch bedarf es etwa in der Wissenschaft zusätzlicher Anstrengungen, nicht zuletzt finanzieller Art, um tatsächlich gleiche Zugangs- und Teilhabechancen zu gewährleisten." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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Bellemare, Charles, Marion Goussé, Guy Lacroix & Steeve Marchand (2023): Physical Disability and Labor Market Discrimination: Evidence from a Video Résumé Field Experiment. In: American Economic Journal. Applied Economics, Jg. 15, H. 4, S. 452-476. DOI:10.1257/app.20210633

Abstract

"We sent fictitious applications to firms advertising job openings. We find that revealing a disability decreases callback rates by 25 percentage points. This result is not explained by accessibility constraints or lower productivity due to disability. We find that including a video résumé of a well-spoken applicant significantly increases callbacks by 10 percentage points for persons with and without disabilities, suggesting that discrimination is unaffected by quality signals in our context. Analysis of viewing activity suggests that employers seek less information when the applicant is disabled. Disclosing the disability later in the video increases employers' viewing time but leaves callback rates unchanged." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Berre, Stine (2023): Exploring Disability Disadvantage in Hiring: A Factorial Survey among Norwegian Employers. In: Work, Employment and Society online erschienen am 14.07.2023, S. 1-20. DOI:10.1177/09500170231175776

Abstract

"The role of disability in producing disadvantage in employers’ hiring assessments was explored in a factorial survey, where a random sample of Norwegian employers (n = 1341) evaluated fictional job-seeker profiles. The results revealed that including an impairment description in a job-seeker profile significantly decreased the likelihood that employers would want to hire a candidate. The degree of disadvantage varied with the type of impairment. Being eligible for a wage subsidy scheme improved employers’ assessments of candidates while including information about other types of support measures did not. Furthermore, when an impairment description was introduced into a job-seeker profile, other crucial characteristics of the job seeker lost some or all of their impact on employers’ assessment scores. These findings are interpreted as disability becoming a ‘master status’ when employers make hiring assessments." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Bächler, Liane & Hauke Behrendt (2023): Participation in Work of People with Disabilities by Means of Technical Assistance. In: A. Shajek & E. A. Hartmann (Hrsg.) (2023): New Digital Work, S. 118-134. DOI:10.1007/978-3-031-26490-0_7

Abstract

"The comprehensive realization of social participation for all individuals is a particular challenge in which the working world proves to be an important sphere. Despite normative reference points through socio-political innovations, people with intellectual disabilities and a high need for support are particularly excluded. Even in sheltered workshops, this group of people is excluded from participating in work as the challenges of life and labor in the 21st century are becoming ever more complex and the demands of production and business stricter. As a result, people with intellectual disabilities and a high need for support often fall off the radar in current inclusion efforts and – despite legal obligations – do not receive adequate support to participate in work. To counteract the negligence and tacit acceptance of the deprivation of a large part of the sheltered workshop employees - in the sense of social affiliation by work participation - design options for promoting work participation require careful consideration. This paper analyses the use and impact of technical assistance to promote work participation for people with intellectual disabilities and high support needs and reports the results of a field study on the use of technical assistance in a sheltered workshop." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer) ((en))

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Coll, Catherine & Karim Mignonac (2023): Perceived organizational support and task performance of employees with disabilities: a need satisfaction and social identity perspectives. In: The International Journal of Human Resource Management, Jg. 34, H. 10, S. 2039-2073. DOI:10.1080/09585192.2022.2054284

Abstract

"In this article, we combine insights from basic psychological needs theory and the social identity approach to propose that perceptions of organizational support enhance the basic need satisfaction of employees with disabilities, which yields higher levels of task performance. We also suggest that disability group identification strengthens this mediational process. We tested our hypotheses with two quantitative field studies that were conducted in France and based on matched employee-supervisor data. Using a sample of employees working in companies that specialize in the employment of persons with disabilities, Study 1 aimed to provide initial evidence for the mediating role of basic need satisfaction. Study 2 aimed to replicate the findings of Study 1 in less specific contexts while testing the moderating role of disability group identification. Next, the methodological limitations of these investigations were addressed in two quantitative post hoc studies. The results of these studies support our model and generate new knowledge about whether, why and when the perception of favorable treatment contributes to the job performance of employees with disabilities. We also discuss the practical implications of our findings and provide suggestions for human resources managers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Collischon, Matthias, Karolin Hiesinger & Laura Pohlan (2023): Disability and Labor Market Performance. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 16100), Bonn, 54 S.

Abstract

"This paper analyzes the individual-level effects of disability onset on labor market outcomes using novel administrative data from Germany. Combining propensity score matching techniques with an event-study design, we find lasting negative impacts on employment and wages. One important mechanism is transitions to nonemployment after disability onset: newly disabled individuals' probability of becoming nonemployed increases by 10 percentage points after one year and by 15 percentage points after five years relative to that of the control group. For those who stay in employment, working part-time and switching to less physically or psychosocially demanding jobs are important adjustment paths. The negative labor market effects of disability onset are more pronounced for severely disabled, older and low-skilled individuals." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Falkstedt, Daniel, Melody Almroth, Tomas Hemmingsson, Angelo D'Errico, Maria Albin, Theo Bodin, Jenny Selander, Per Gustavsson & Katarina Kjellberg (2023): Job demands and job control and their associations with disability pension - a register-based cohort study of middle-aged and older Swedish workers. In: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jg. 96, H. 8, S. 1137-1147. DOI:10.1007/s00420-023-01995-4

Abstract

"Objectives: Job demands and control at work and their combination, job strain, have been studied in relation to risk of disability pension (DP) previously. In the present study, based on registry data, we aimed to deepen the knowledge by analyzing major disease groups among the DPs, dose–response shape of the associations, and potential confounding efects of physical workload. Methods: Approximately 1.8 million workers aged 44 or older and living in Sweden in 2005 were followed up for 16 years, up to a maximum of 65 years of age. We linked mean values of job demands and job control, estimated in a job-exposure matrice (JEM) by gender, to individuals through their occupational titles in 2005. These values were categorized by rank order, and, for the construction of job-strain quadrants, we used a median cut-of. Associations with DP were estimated in Cox proportional-hazards models. Results: In models accounting for covariates including physical workload, low levels of job control were associated with higher risk of DP among both men and women. This association was most clear for DP with a psychiatric diagnosis, although a dose–response shape was found only among the men. High levels of job demands were associated with decreased risk of DP across diagnoses among men, but the same association varied from weak to non-existing among women. The high- and passive job-strain quadrants both showed increased risk of DP with a psychiatric diagnosis. Conclusion: The results suggest that, at the occupational level, low job control, but not high job demands, contributes to an increased incidence of DP, particularly regarding DP with a psychiatric diagnosis." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))

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Fogelgren, Mattias, Petra Ornstein, Magnus Rödin & Peter Skogman Thoursie (2023): Is Supported Employment Effective for Young Adults with Disability Pension?: Evidence from a Swedish Randomized Evaluation. In: The Journal of Human Resources, Jg. 58, H. 2, S. 452-487. DOI:10.3368/jhr.58.4.0319-10105R2

Abstract

"This paper reports results from a large-scale randomized experiment evaluating whether a supported employment rehabilitation intervention strategy can improve labor market opportunities for young adults on disability pension better than regular vocational rehabilitation. The supported employment intervention utilizes a caseworker as back-up for the individual during training to reduce employers' risks when hiring an individual with unclear productivity. In total, 1,062 individuals were randomly assigned between interventions. The main results show that 18 months after the start of the project, participants with supported employment have work rates that are approximately 10 percentage points higher than participants who received regular rehabilitation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System) ((en))

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Gulyamova, Saodat Tolibovna, Siti Fardaniah Abdul Aziz, Nik Hairi Omar & Rusyda Helma Mohd (2023): Workplace-Related Socioeconomic Issues Associated with Job Performance and Productivity among Employees with Various Impairments: A Systematic Literature Review. In: Social Sciences, Jg. 12, H. 5. DOI:10.3390/socsci12050275

Abstract

"The main purpose of this article is to present a systematic literature review of socioeconomic issues such as employee productivity, workplace absenteeism, workplace presenteeism, productivity loss, and indirect costs among employees with different impairments/disabilities. The related articles were obtained from the Scopus and Web of Science (WOS) databases. In general, 568 studies were found. A total of 141 articles were identified as open-access and non-duplicate articles in English in which disability-related issues among employees were raised. Ultimately, only 22 studies were selected for analysis since they were concerning socioeconomic issues associated with productivity and job performance among employees with various impairments. Based on the studies, workplace performance among employees with and without disabilities was almost equal. Workplace absenteeism and short-term disability costs were higher among employees with acromegaly, migraine, gout, depression, cardiovascular events and related clinical procedures, chronic diseases, and metastatic breast cancer. Mood disorders, heart diseases, and bowel disorders were the principal causes of absenteeism among employees with chronic conditions. Productivity loss was higher among employees with depression, psoriatic arthritis, multiple sclerosis, chronic migraine disease, and employees who received injectable multiple myeloma therapy. Worsening physical health, more functional disabilities, poorer relations with a supervisor, recurrent sick leave, back problems, mood disorders, migraine, and fatigue were the primary reasons for lost productivity." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Hensen, Julia & Philipp Trögeler (2023): Inklusion am Arbeitsplatz stärken: Wie und warum verhaltensökonomische Erkenntnisse helfen, Menschen mit Behinderungen bei Einstellungen seltener zu diskriminieren - zum Wohle aller. (IW-Report / Institut der Deutschen Wirtschaft Köln 2023,49), Köln, 42 S.

Abstract

"Unternehmen suchen aufgrund des Fachkräftemangels und des demographischen Wandels zunehmend dringend nach geeigneten Mitarbeitern. Menschen mit Behinderungen weisen geeignete Qualifikation auf, werden aber oftmals im Einstellungsprozess aufgrund ihrer behinderungsbedingten Individualität nicht berücksichtigt. Diese (unbewusste) Diskriminierung, die in jeder Phase des Beschäftigungszyklus stattfindet, verhindert die Potenzialnutzung dieser Mitarbeitergruppe zum Wohle der Beschäftigten und der Unternehmen. Mit verhaltensökonomischen Ansätzen, wie dem Nudging, können diese Einstellungs- und Beschäftigungshürden überwunden werden. Nudges sind Anstupser, die menschliches Verhalten und individuelle Entscheidungen durch minimal-invasive, nicht-finanzielle Eingriffe in eine gewünschte Richtung lenken, ohne die Wahlfreiheit einzuschränken. Die analysierten Nudges der Zielsetzung, des Feedbacks, der Defaults und der Informations-Nudges zeigen praxisnahe Ansätze für eine Win-Win-Situation für Beschäftigte und Unternehmen auf. Ferner wird der Stellenwert des Inklusionserlebens und einer inklusiven Unternehmenskultur diskutiert. Durch ein positives Inklusionserleben verbessert sich unter anderem die Arbeitszufriedenheit als auch beruflicher Stress. Zudem profitieren Unternehmen daneben aus wirtschaftlichen Gesichtspunkten: Bei Untererfüllung der gesetzlichen Quote zur Einstellung von Menschen mit Behinderungen müssen Unternehmen eine Ausgleichsabgabe zahlen. Diese entfällt, wenn sich Mitarbeiter mit Behinderungen offenbaren, die ihre Behinderung bisher aufgrund von Diskriminierungsangst nicht kommuniziert haben." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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Hirschberg, Marianne & Felix Welti (2023): European Semester 2022-2023 country fiche on disability equality: Germany. With comparative data Annex provided by EDE. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 46 S. DOI:10.2767/50356

Abstract

"The participation of persons with disabilities in the labor market in Germany is still low and unemployment is high in comparison to other groups. More than 300 000 persons with disabilities are employed in sheltered workshops. They do not have full labor rights, in particular there is no minimum wage, but a reform of sheltered workshop payments has been announced. Their transition rate to the general labor market is very low. There are efforts to increase transition options to the general labor market through the budget for work and the budget for vocational training and through supported employment and single contact units for employers. Still, the effectiveness of these efforts has to be improved. A quota system with a levy for non-compliance is in force. However, many enterprises fail to employ 5 % of persons with severe disabilities as required. The coalition parties in the new Government have announced a rise in the levy for enterprises which do not employ any persons with severe disabilities. A general right to reasonable workplace accommodation and effective workplace accessibility regulations are still lacking. (...) Recent reforms of healthcare and rehabilitation will improve accessibility and specialised services. However, these efforts have not yet been successful enough. A national action plan for an inclusive, accessible and diverse healthcare system has been announced. The division between the public and private health insurance systems is still a problem for persons with disabilities. Equal access and non-discrimination in private health insurance are not properly regulated. Pensions for people with a reduced earning capacity are often insufficient to guarantee a minimum living standard. Recent reforms from 2014 to 2019 have only supported new pensioners. An additional reform will now also increase pensions for those who were pensioners with reduced earning capacity before 2014. The Federal Participation Law of 2018 and 2020 aimed to support deinstitutionalisation. However, there are still disadvantages, especially for people who need long-term care. (...) A completely inclusive school system has still not been achieved. Reforms in the Länder include responsibility to close special schools and to invest in inclusive schools but they are proceeding very slowly. Reasonable accommodation and accessibility in the educational system are still inadequate. (...) The National Reform Program (NRP) 2022 focuses on work transition programs, including single contact points for employers and innovative rehabilitation programs. The NRP 2022 includes a national accessibility programme, which is oriented towards accessible mobility, housing, healthcare and private life." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Hähn, Katharina (2023): Wird die betriebliche Berufsausbildung und Beschäftigung in einer digitalisierten Welt inklusiver? Aus- und Nebenwirkungen der Digitalisierung für Menschen mit Behinderung auf dem ersten Arbeitsmarkt. In: A. Wilmers, M. Achenbach & C. Keller (Hrsg.) (2023): Bildung im digitalen Wandel, S. 135-170. DOI:10.31244/9783830998464.05

Abstract

"In einer immer stärker digitalisierten Welt stellt sich die Frage, inwiefern sich dieser Wandel auf die Inklusion von Menschen mit Behinderung in Ausbildung und Beschäftigung auswirkt. Dieses Critical Review zielt darauf ab, den aktuellen Forschungsstand abzubilden und mögliche Chancen und Hemmnisse zu eruieren. Unter Bezugnahme auf 19 Studien, die zwischen 2017 und 2022 veröffentlicht wurden, werden hierfür Erkenntnisse zu strukturellen Veränderungen von Berufsfeldern und Berufsbildungsangeboten, zu Auswirkungen der digitalen Transformation auf die betriebliche Fachkräftesicherung sowie zur Nutzung assistiver Technologien beleuchtet. Befunde zur Ausbildung und Beschäftigung sehbeeinträchtigter oder blinder Menschen konkretisieren übergreifende Forschungsergebnisse." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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Maddison, Jane, Jenni Brooks, Katherine Graham & Yvonne Birks (2023): 'They Exist but They Don't Exist': Personal Assistants Supporting Physically Disabled People in the Workplace. In: Work, Employment and Society, Jg. 37, H. 4, S. 1052-1069. DOI:10.1177/09500170221075532

Abstract

"Employment rates in England for disabled people are persistently lower than for non-disabled people. Support from a Workplace Personal Assistant is one way of narrowing this gap. Personal assistance is an empowerment-driven model in which the disabled person controls their support: who provides it, when, how and where. Previous research has focused on the personal assistant role in the home setting. This article draws on data from 32 qualitative interviews in the first UK study to explore personal assistance in the workplace for people with physical and/or sensory impairments. To maintain their enabling role in this external setting, Workplace Personal Assistants needed to strive for occupational invisibility when among the disabled workers’ colleagues: to ‘exist but not exist’. This article examines the Workplace Personal Assistant role as invisible work, applying Hatton’s conceptual framework. The analysis contributes to understanding of workplace personal assistance and ways in which mechanisms can intersect to produce multiple invisibility." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Rauch, Angela (2023): Teilhabe am Arbeitsleben. Relevanz der Teilhabebefragung für die arbeitsmarktliche Teilhabeberichterstattung. In: RP Reha H. 4, S. 29-33., 2023-10-09.

Abstract

"Um die Teilhabe am Arbeitsleben von Menschen mit Behinderungen zu fördern, müssen genaue Informationen über Hürden und Risiken von Exklusion sowie der bereits gelebten Partizipation vorhanden sein. Bisher konnte aber noch kein differenziertes Bild erstellt werden, da die Datenlage mangelhaft ist. Mit der Teilhabestudie kann die Erwerbsintegration erstmals weit umfassender als bisher und aus Sicht der Menschen von Behinderungen selbst beschrieben werden. Bereits die ersten Analysen zeigen, dass vor allem die Auswirkungen der Beeinträchtigungen auf Alltagsaktivitäten sowie die Art der Behinderung eine zentrale Rolle spielen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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Reims, Nancy, Angela Rauch & Anton Nivorozhkin (2023): Ersteingliederung in der beruflichen Rehabilitation: Nach einer Reha findet ein höherer Anteil junger Menschen mit Behinderungen Arbeit. (IAB-Kurzbericht 11/2023), Nürnberg, 8 S. DOI:10.48720/IAB.KB.2311

Abstract

"Berufsunerfahrene junge Menschen mit Behinderungen werden im Rahmen der beruflichen Rehabilitation beim Einstieg in den Arbeitsmarkt unterstützt. Die größte Gruppe in der sogenannten Ersteingliederung sind Personen mit Lernbehinderungen. Ihr Anteil ist jedoch rückläufig, während der von Personen mit psychischen Behinderungen stetig steigt. Jugendliche und junge Erwachsene mit Behinderungen, die eine Ausbildung im Rahmen der beruflichen Rehabilitation durchlaufen haben, fassen immer häufiger im Erwerbsleben Fuß. Dabei gilt: Je betriebsnäher die Ausbildung, desto höher sind die Chancen, Arbeit zu finden. Das zeigen Auswertungen administrativer Daten der Bundesagentur für Arbeit für den Zeitraum 2014 bis 2020. Die positive Beschäftigungsentwicklung nach einer beruflichen Rehabilitation hängt nicht zuletzt mit den guten Arbeitsmarktbedingungen und der demografischen Entwicklung zusammen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

Abstract

"The right of persons with disabilities to work and be employed on an equal basis with others is enshrined in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, which has been ratified by all EU Member States. Principle 17 of the European Pillar of Social Rights reaffirms the right of persons with disabilities to services that enable them to participate in the labor market and a work environment adapted to their needs. Closing the employment gap between persons with and without disabilities is one of the objectives of the Strategy for the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 2021-2030, which invited Member States to set national targets for employment and adult learning for persons with disabilities. One of the Strategy’s seven flagship initiatives is the Disability Employment Package. The Package aims to improve the labour market outcomes of persons with disabilities by providing guidance and good practices for employers, employers’ associations, and public authorities, as well as by raising awareness about persons with disabilities and by combating stereotypes. (...) This catalogue, which the Commission produced with the help of the European Disability Expertise (EDE) project and the members of the Disability Platform subgroup on employment, is one of the Package’s deliverables. It publicises positive actions carried out by employers and public authorities in Europe to hire persons with disabilities. Those actions can be considered good practices and serve as an inspiration for employers, employers’ organizations, public authorities, trade unions and other stakeholders that support employment of persons with disabilities." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Busch, Dörte, Cathleen Rabe-Rosendahl & Wolfhard Kohte (2022): KI.ASSIST: Assistenzdienste und Künstliche Intelligenz für Menschen mit Schwerbehinderung in der beruflichen Rehabilitation. Expertise zu den inklusions-bezogenen rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen bei der Anwendung. Berlin, 43 S.

Abstract

"Technische Entwicklungen im Bereich digitaler Assistenzsysteme und Künstlicher Intelligenz unterliegen einer hohen Dynamik, deren Potenziale im Kontext der Unterstützung von Aktivitäten und Teilhabe von Menschen mit Behinderungen bisher nur in einem geringen Maße ausgeschöpft sind. Speziell für den Bereich der beruflichen Rehabilitation und Teilhabe bietet deren Anwendung eine große Chance, diese Zielgruppe an Lern- und Arbeitsorten individuell zu begleiten und die Inklusion im Arbeitsleben voranzutreiben. Grundlegende Fragen zu Ethik, Verantwortung, Datenschutz und Selbstbestimmung sind dabei in Bezug auf Menschen mit Behinderungen kaum diskutiert und es bedarf eines tiefergehenden gesellschaftlichen und fachlichen Diskurses. Im KI.ASSIST-Projekt werden folgende Ziele verfolgt: - Analyse und Bewertung von Technologien auf Basis künstlicher Intelligenz als Elemente von soziotechnischen Lern- und Arbeitskontexten für schwerbehinderte Menschen in der beruflichen Rehabilitation; - Konzeption und praktische Erprobung explorativer Umsetzungsszenarien in Form von Lern- und Experimentierräumen in verschiedenen Settings der beruflichen Rehabilitation und mit verschiedenen Zielgruppen; - Erstellung von Handlungsempfehlungen für die Unterstützung der digitalen Transformation im Feld der beruflichen Rehabilitation, v.a. mit Blick auf Gestaltungs- und Veränderungsprozesse ausgelöst durch die Einführung von KI-basierten Technologien; - Einrichtung einer Dialogplattform mit unterschiedlichen Partizipations- und Kommunikationsformaten; -Bündelung des gesellschaftlichen Diskurses um Inklusion und Chancen wie Risiken neuer Technologien auf Basis künstlicher Intelligenz für und mit Menschen mit Behinderungen" (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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Chakraverty, Veronika, Heinz Zimmer & Mathilde Niehaus (2022): Mögen mich die anderen und ermutigen sie mich, ich selbst zu sein? Eine Propensity-Score-Analyse zum Effekt dauerhafter gesundheitlicher Beeinträchtigungen auf das arbeitsbezogene Inklusionserleben. In: Die Rehabilitation, Jg. 62, H. 2, S. 94-103. DOI:10.1055/a-1907-3585

Abstract

"Ziel: Unsere Studie untersuchte den Effekt dauerhafter gesundheitlicher Beeinträchtigungen auf das arbeitsbezogene Inklusionserleben. Methodik: Über einen Online-Fragenbogen erfassten wir dazu das Inklusionserleben Arbeitnehmender (1807 mit und 540 ohne Beeinträchtigungen) und identifizierten durch Propensity-Score-Matching passende Paare. Ergebnisse: Arbeitnehmende mit Beeinträchtigungen gaben ein geringeres Inklusionserleben an als ihre gematchten Paare ohne Beeinträchtigungen, jedoch nur dann, wenn sie ihre Arbeitstätigkeit als stark eingeschränkt oder ihre Beeinträchtigung als stark stigmatisiert erlebten. Einschränkungen und Stigmata erwiesen sich dabei als voneinander unabhängige negative Prädiktoren für das Inklusionserleben. Schlussfolgerung: Unsere Ergebnisse legen einen Bedarf an Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung des arbeitsbezogenen Inklusionserlebens von Menschen mit dauerhaften gesundheitlichen Beeinträchtigungen nahe. Solche Maßnahmen sollten sowohl auf die Optimierung von Arbeitsplatzanpassungen als auch auf die Änderung leistungsbezogener sozialer Normen in Organisationen und stereotyper Vorannahmen über Arbeitnehmende mit dauerhaften gesundheitlichen Beeinträchtigungen abzielen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)