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Mit dem Bundesteilhabegesetz und dem Nationalen Aktionsplan 2.0 wurden 2016 zwei wichtige behindertenpolitische Vorhaben angestoßen und in den Folgejahren umgesetzt und weiterentwickelt. Damit soll im Einklang mit der UN-Behindertenrechtskonvention die Inklusion in Deutschland weiter vorangetrieben werden, indem die Selbstbestimmung und Teilhabe von Menschen mit Behinderungen gestärkt werden. Mit dem schrittweisen Inkrafttreten des Bundesteilhabegesetzes erfuhren das Recht der Rehabilitation und Teilhabe von Menschen mit Behinderungen und die Eingliederungshilfe (SGB IX) weitreichende Änderungen. Wie stellt sich die Situation von behinderten Menschen auf dem Arbeitsmarkt dar? Wie lassen sich behindertengerechte Berufsleben und inklusive Arbeitswelten gestalten?
Die Infoplattform stellt zentrale Dokumente und relevante Quellenhinweise zusammen, inhaltlich strukturiert nach den Aspekten der Politik für behinderte Menschen und den diskutierten bzw. realisierten Reformanstrengungen.

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im Aspekt "Australien"
  • Literaturhinweis

    The operation of the social support sector serving siblings of people with disabilities: A cross-country analysis (2022)

    Meltzer, Ariella ;

    Zitatform

    Meltzer, Ariella (2022): The operation of the social support sector serving siblings of people with disabilities: A cross-country analysis. In: Social Policy and Administration, Jg. 56, H. 3, S. 423-437. DOI:10.1111/spol.12775

    Abstract

    "Sibling support is a form of support often offered to the brother or sister of a person with disability. While practiced around the world and the subject of much research interest, most research about sibling support has been outcomes evaluation of individual sibling support programs, rather than about the operational/structural circumstances of the organizations providing sibling support or of the sibling support sector at large. Within this context, this paper offers the first research of its kind: an exploratory study of the business operation of sibling support in Australia, New Zealand, the UK, USA and Canada. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with 13 leaders of sibling support provider organizations in these countries, the paper focuses on sibling support providers' business models, funding, staffing, leadership and governance. The findings highlight that across countries, sibling support is a sub-section of the not-for-profit/charity sector that mostly operates with minimal funding and staffing, and which is largely driven by the passion and personal experience of those who run sibling support organizations. The paper discusses the implications of the findings, with the conceptual lens of seeking to formalize recognition and legitimacy for sibling support as a distinct social service type within the disability/health/social care and not-for-profit/charity spaces. Further, by aggregating the experiences of sibling support providers across countries, the paper is able to show that—while a distinct service type and sector—the successes and challenges of the sibling support sector nevertheless also very much reflect the broader struggles of many other small not-for-profits/charities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Support Work Relationships: Budget Holders with Intellectual Disabilities and their Support Workers (2020)

    Lutz, Deborah Luise;

    Zitatform

    Lutz, Deborah Luise (2020): Support Work Relationships. Budget Holders with Intellectual Disabilities and their Support Workers. (Research), Wiesbaden: Springer VS, 217 S. DOI:10.1007/978-3-658-29690-2

    Abstract

    "Many countries have introduced personal budgets for people with intellectual disabilities. A personal budget is a sum of money that allows people with intellectual disabilities to purchase their own support work. Support workers are people who assist budget holders to organise and do activities, such as household tasks and social activities in the community. This book uses care, Ethics of Care and disability studies literature to conceptualise support work relationships – the relationship between budget holders with intellectual disabilities and their support workers. It investigates two research questions: (1) How do people with intellectual disabilities in receipt of a personal budget and their support workers experience their relationships with each other? (2) How are the lived experiences of people with intellectual disabilities and their support workers in their relationship with each other influenced by personal budget policies organising support work? Through the methodology of Institutional Ethnography, the researcher explores both questions in Germany and Australia. This methodology states that people’s everyday experiences are influenced by the ‘ruling relations’, which are policy processes and people’s practices that organise social settings. During one year of ethnographic field research in Germany and Australia, the researcher conducted participant observation and interviews with five people with intellectual disabilities and their support workers from each country. Additionally, the researcher conducted interviews with ten service professionals in each country and analysed disability policy documents from each country. By using the analytical framework of Institutional Ethnography, the study found that the constituents of the ruling relations included people’s views and expectations about the support work relationship, the support work context and the policies of personal budgets. The policies of personal budgets were only one constituent of the ruling relations that operated within a wider social policy context. The interconnection between the three constituents influenced the ways in which the two people engaged in the emotional form of support work (the social interaction) and the practical form of support work (the support work activities) which affected their relationship. The study argues that disability research, policy and practice needs to be cognisant of all three constituents to improve the quality of support work relationships." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Barriers to finding and maintaining open employment for people with intellectual disability in Australia (2020)

    Meltzer, Ariella ; Robinson, ; Fisher, Karen R. ; Sally, ;

    Zitatform

    Meltzer, Ariella & Karen R. Fisher (2020): Barriers to finding and maintaining open employment for people with intellectual disability in Australia. In: Social policy and administration, Jg. 54, H. 1, S. 88-101. DOI:10.1111/spol.12523

    Abstract

    "Everyone has the right to employment. Work is important for health, well-being, and social, economic, and financial inclusion. However, it is often difficult for people with intellectual disability to find and maintain work, especially in the open labour market. Policy challenges remain about who can access open employment (also sometimes called competitive or supported employment) and how often people with intellectual disability do so. Greater understanding about the barriers that people with intellectual disability encounter when they try to find and keep work in open employment is needed.
    Drawing on research with 51 people with intellectual disability in Australia, this paper examines the systemic barriers they report to finding and maintaining work in open employment. The findings highlight that the barriers they experience stem from narrow, dismissive, and discouraging attitudes to their work in open employment and from a spectrum of experiences of stigma and discrimination in open workplaces. The paper thus provides new knowledge about reasons that people with intellectual disability may either reject or not continue in open employment and take up less inclusive work options. The paper discusses the implications of the findings, including the need for policy development for attitudinal change, designing more varied roles for employees with intellectual disability, ensuring access to industrial relations protections, and increasing and better regulating and funding requirements on support to people with intellectual disability who are seeking work in open employment." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Why one size fits all approach to transition in Disability Employment Services hinders employability of young people with physical and neurological disabilities in Australia (2017)

    Stafford, Lisa ; Marston, Gregory; Chamorro-Koc, Marianella; Drennan, Judy; Beatson, Amando;

    Zitatform

    Stafford, Lisa, Gregory Marston, Marianella Chamorro-Koc, Amando Beatson & Judy Drennan (2017): Why one size fits all approach to transition in Disability Employment Services hinders employability of young people with physical and neurological disabilities in Australia. In: The journal of industrial relations, Jg. 59, H. 5, S. 631-651. DOI:10.1177/0022185617723379

    Abstract

    "The education-to-work pathways for young people with disabilities are becoming more diverse and lengthier in our post-industrial economy. Furthermore, it is recognized that a multitude of barriers still remain in securing employment at the end of these pathways. In this paper, we focus on Australia's Disability Employment Services (DES) to understand how views of transition in DES policy may be influencing program rules in supporting secondary and tertiary students with physical and/or neurological disabilities in their employability and employment. We do this through critical policy analysis of DES and in-depth Interpretive accounts from service providers and advocacy organizations." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Workforce participation barriers for people with disability (2012)

    Hogan, Anthony; Kyaw-Myint, Su Mon; Harris, Debra; Denronden, Harmony;

    Zitatform

    Hogan, Anthony, Su Mon Kyaw-Myint, Debra Harris & Harmony Denronden (2012): Workforce participation barriers for people with disability. In: International Journal of Disability Management, Jg. 7, S. 1-9. DOI:10.1017/idm.2012.1

    Abstract

    "Access to meaningful and equitably paid work is an ongoing issue facing people with disabilities across the world. This article is concerned with the nature and extent of workplace accommodation currently made available in Australia to people with disabilities. The article is based on analysis of the Australian Survey of Disability Ageing and Carers (2003). The article first ratifies existing findings in the literature that people with disability are less likely to be employed and where employed, are likely to be underemployed and underpaid. Restrictions in the ability to participate in paid work without accommodations were common with the need for accommodation varying from 43% through to 91%, depending on the nature of disability experienced. We identify the possibility that people with disability self-select themselves into workplaces where they can self-accommodate their own access needs. Generally, the extent of workplace accommodations provided were low (12% - 27%). Known stratifying factors (gender, ethnicity, and education) exacerbated existing barriers to accessing employment. Workers with higher training needs were less likely to secure employment while people accessing the workplace with the benefit of an advocate were more likely to be in the workforce. Strategies for enhancing employment outcomes are discussed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Disability and job search among older workers: a narrative review (2012)

    Hutton, Mathew; Bohle, Philip; Mc Namara, Maria;

    Zitatform

    Hutton, Mathew, Philip Bohle & Maria Mc Namara (2012): Disability and job search among older workers. A narrative review. In: International Journal of Disability Management, Jg. 7, S. 27-34. DOI:10.1017/idm.2012.6

    Abstract

    "This article reviews published research on the effects of disability, age and gender on the job search process. Electronic databases (Medline [via Ovid], OT Seeker, CINAHL, AMED, and Proquest 5000) were used to identify studies focusing on job search and employment, disability, age, gender and other barriers to workforce participation. There has been extensive research on the effects of age and gender on the job search process, and the available evidence indicates that disability, age and gender play significant roles in shaping the job search processes of older workers. However, there has been little rigorous investigation of the role of disability and research specifically examining the relationships between disability, job search behaviours and employment outcomes was not identified. This is a significant gap in the literature on disability and participation in the labour market. Overall, this narrative review indicates that older workers with a disability face multiple disadvantages when seeking work, which impairs their ability to fully engage in the labour market." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Disability and job mismatches in the Australian labour market (2011)

    Jones, Melanie ; Sloane, Peter; Mavromaras, Kostas; Wei, Zhang;

    Zitatform

    Jones, Melanie, Kostas Mavromaras, Peter Sloane & Zhang Wei (2011): Disability and job mismatches in the Australian labour market. (IZA discussion paper 6152), Bonn, 35 S.

    Abstract

    "We examine the relationship between disability, job mismatch, earnings and job satisfaction, using panel estimation on data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey (2001-2008). While we do not find any relationship between work-limiting disability and over-skilling, it appears that there is a positive relationship between work-limiting disability and over-education, which is consistent with disability onset leading to downward occupational movement, at least in relative terms. We find a negative correlation between work-limiting disability and both earnings and job satisfaction. However, there is only evidence of a causal relationship in terms of the latter, where the impact of disability is found to be multifaceted." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Enhancing labour utilisation in a socially inclusive society in Australia (2011)

    Koutsogeorgopoulou, Vassiliki;

    Zitatform

    Koutsogeorgopoulou, Vassiliki (2011): Enhancing labour utilisation in a socially inclusive society in Australia. (OECD Economics Department working papers 852), Paris, 50 S. DOI:10.1787/5kgf32fbtrs5-en

    Abstract

    "Australia faces the mutually reinforced challenges of boosting labour supply and promoting social inclusion. Labour underutilisation is especially prevalent among groups such as lone parents, people with disability, and Indigenous Australians. These are also groups at greatest risk of social exclusion. Thus better integration of these groups into the labour market would enhance inclusion. In general, labour utilisation can be increased by training, improving the functioning of labour market institutions, reforming the tax and transfer system, and maintaining labour market flexibility. Beyond labour market policies, the multiplicity, inter-relatedness and complexity of social inclusion problems call for a comprehensive and integrated approach focusing on individual needs. The elements of the strategy include an education system that better promotes equity and integrated service approaches to help people with disabilities and the homeless. Recent efforts in all these areas by the government are welcome." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Improving the employment rates of people with disabilities through vocational education (2011)

    Mavromaras, Kostas; Polidano, Cain;

    Zitatform

    Mavromaras, Kostas & Cain Polidano (2011): Improving the employment rates of people with disabilities through vocational education. (IZA discussion paper 5548), Bonn, 37 S.

    Abstract

    "During the 2001-8 period, the employment rate of people with a disability remained remarkably low in most western economies, hardly responding to better macroeconomic conditions and favourable anti-discrimination legislation and interventions. Continuing health and productivity improvements in the general population are leaving people with disabilities behind, unable to play their role and have their share in the increasing productive capacity of the economy. This paper combines dynamic panel econometric estimation with longitudinal data from Australia to show that vocational education has a considerable and long lasting positive effect on the employment participation and productivity of people with disabilities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Disability and multi-state labour force choices with state dependence (2010)

    Oguzoglu, Umut;

    Zitatform

    Oguzoglu, Umut (2010): Disability and multi-state labour force choices with state dependence. (IZA discussion paper 5408), Bonn, 37 S.

    Abstract

    "I use a dynamic mixed multinomial logit model with unobserved heterogeneity to study the impact of work limiting disabilities on disaggregated labour choices. The first seven waves of the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey are used to investigate this relationship. Findings point out to strong state dependence in employment choices. Further, the impact of disability on employment outcomes is highly significant. Model simulations suggest that high cross and own state dependence can amplify a one-off disability shock to alter the probability of full time employment and nonparticipation permanently, especially for low skilled individuals." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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