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Menschen mit Behinderungen in Ausbildung und Beruf

Mit dem Bundesteilhabegesetz und dem Nationalen Aktionsplan 2.0 wurden 2016 zwei wichtige behindertenpolitische Vorhaben angestoßen und in den Folgejahren umgesetzt und weiterentwickelt. Damit soll im Einklang mit der UN-Behindertenrechtskonvention die Inklusion in Deutschland weiter vorangetrieben werden, indem die Selbstbestimmung und Teilhabe von Menschen mit Behinderungen gestärkt werden. Mit dem schrittweisen Inkrafttreten des Bundesteilhabegesetzes erfuhren das Recht der Rehabilitation und Teilhabe von Menschen mit Behinderungen und die Eingliederungshilfe (SGB IX) weitreichende Änderungen. Wie stellt sich die Situation von behinderten Menschen auf dem Arbeitsmarkt dar? Wie lassen sich behindertengerechte Berufsleben und inklusive Arbeitswelten gestalten?
Die Infoplattform stellt zentrale Dokumente und relevante Quellenhinweise zusammen, inhaltlich strukturiert nach den Aspekten der Politik für behinderte Menschen und den diskutierten bzw. realisierten Reformanstrengungen.

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im Aspekt "Italien"
  • Literaturhinweis

    Evaluating social investment in disability policy (2020)

    Folmer, Christopher P. Reinders; van der Veen, Romke; Mascini, Peter;

    Zitatform

    Folmer, Christopher P. Reinders, Peter Mascini & Romke van der Veen (2020): Evaluating social investment in disability policy. In: Social Policy and Administration, Jg. 54, H. 5, S. 792-812. DOI:10.1111/spol.12579

    Abstract

    "Disability policy in European countries is displaying a shift towards social investment: increasing human capital and access to the labour market. The reasoning that underlies this transition is that disabled persons would benefit from mainstream employment, but are impeded in traditional policy by deficiencies in labour supply and demand. However, the shift towards more activating policies in many countries is accompanied by a decline in social protection. It is unclear whether social investment may effectively promote the employment chances of disabled persons within this context. The present research examines this question through a quantitative, cross‐sectional, multilevel analysis on microdata from 22 EU countries. Our findings suggest greater activation to predict lower employment chances, while reducing passive support shows mixed effects. Conversely, measures for facilitation in daily life predict greater employment chances, as do measures for sheltered work. These findings raise questions over the value of social investment for disabled persons - and underline the need to overcome broader barriers in the labour market and in society." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Successful return to work during labor market liberalization: The case of Italian injured workers (2019)

    Galizzi, Monica ; Leombruni, Roberto ; Pacelli, Lia;

    Zitatform

    Galizzi, Monica, Roberto Leombruni & Lia Pacelli (2019): Successful return to work during labor market liberalization: The case of Italian injured workers. In: Journal for labour market research, Jg. 53, H. 1, S. 1-24. DOI:10.1186/s12651-019-0260-5

    Abstract

    "We investigate the long term employment outcomes of Italian injured workers over a time period when the country introduced policy reforms that increased labor market flexibility but reduced job security. Using an employer-employee database matched with injury data, we observe that both before and after the reforms almost one-fourth of injured workers were no longer employed 3 years after their 'first' return to work. We note a slight decrease in this share after the reforms (from 24 to 22%) while we find a decline in workers' job security as measured by their probability of re-employment in permanent contracts. We use multinomial logit estimates to study how liberalization reforms were associated with a changing role of individual, firm, and injury characteristics in shaping long-term employment outcomes of injured workers after their recovery period. Heterogeneity analyses show that low wage employees, women, immigrants, and individuals who suffered a more severe injury were penalized more. Pre-injury individual characteristics became stronger predictors of long-term employment than firms' characteristics. In particular, we find that the advantage provided by working in larger firms was significant before the liberalization reforms, but disappeared afterward, while the advantage provided by human capital became more relevant after the liberalization." (Author's abstract, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Macroeconomic impact of flexicurity on the integration of people with disabilities into the labour market.: A two-regime spatial autoregressive analysis (2017)

    Agovino, Massimiliano; Rapposelli, Agnese;

    Zitatform

    Agovino, Massimiliano & Agnese Rapposelli (2017): Macroeconomic impact of flexicurity on the integration of people with disabilities into the labour market. A two-regime spatial autoregressive analysis. In: Quality and Quantity. International Journal of Methodology, Jg. 51, H. 1, S. 307-334. DOI:10.1007/s11135-015-0306-x

    Abstract

    "The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of flexicurity upon regional labour market performance in the employment of disabled people. To this purpose, we estimate a matching function by means of a two-regime spatial autoregressive model on Italian regions for the period 2006 - 2011. Our results highlight the importance of spatial interactions in the matching process of disabled people, which enable Northern - Central Italy regions to find a job for a number of disabled persons five times higher than the one employed by Southern Italy regions." (Author's abstract, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The impact of traineeships on the employment of the Mentally Ill: the role of partial compliance (2017)

    Martini, Alberto; Barbetta, Gianpaolo; Rettore, Enrico;

    Zitatform

    Martini, Alberto, Enrico Rettore & Gianpaolo Barbetta (2017): The impact of traineeships on the employment of the Mentally Ill. The role of partial compliance. (IZA discussion paper 10582), Bonn, 13 S.

    Abstract

    "Lavoro & Psiche is a RCT aimed at increasing employment among severely mentally ill patients, by offering them a structured job-search experience. The key feature of the treatment was the presence of a 'job coach' entirely dedicated to support the job search of a small number (12-13) of mentally ill patients. What most often the job coach did was finding the patient a traineeship. If one were to consider only the effect of making the support of the coach available - the so-called Intention-To-Treat effect - it would be a disappointing statistically non-significant 5 percentage point difference in the employment of treatment and control members, in the full post-treatment year. However, the impact of making something available is rarely the primary interest of policy-makers, who would rather know the effect of receiving it. The main difficulty in obtaining unbiased estimates of the latter is that 'who receives what' is no longer solely determined by randomization, but also by post-randomization events and decisions. During the implementation period of Lavoro & Psiche of 2011-12, an unprecedented wave of traineeship opportunities hit those enrolled in the demonstration, both in the experimental and in the control group. The main finding is that, for the subset of the experimental group that was induced by the offer to be involved in a traineeship the chances of having a job in the post-treatment year more than double from the 17% of those who did not do any traineeship to the 34% of those who did, well above the Intention-To-Treat impact estimates." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Does flexicurity promote the employment of disabled people: a panel analysis for Italian regional data (2016)

    Agovino, Massimiliano; Rapposelli, Agnese;

    Zitatform

    Agovino, Massimiliano & Agnese Rapposelli (2016): Does flexicurity promote the employment of disabled people. A panel analysis for Italian regional data. In: Quality and Quantity. International Journal of Methodology, Jg. 50, H. 5, S. 2085-2105. DOI:10.1007/s11135-015-0252-7

    Abstract

    "The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of flexicurity upon regional labour market performance in the employment of disabled people. To this purpose, we implement a static model, via 2SLS, and a dynamic model, via GMM-system, on Italian regions for the period 2006 - 2011. Our results show a failure of flexicurity for people with disabilities in terms of policy, it is important to promote more flexibility in the laws governing the employment of disabled people and in contributory benefits transfer programmes. Moreover, it is necessary to promote policy actions aimed at supporting private firms in their production process." (Author's abstract, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Employment of disabled people in the private sector: an analysis at the level of Italian provinces according to article 13 of law 68/1999 (2014)

    Agovino, Massimiliano; Rapposelli, Agnese;

    Zitatform

    Agovino, Massimiliano & Agnese Rapposelli (2014): Employment of disabled people in the private sector. An analysis at the level of Italian provinces according to article 13 of law 68/1999. In: Quality and Quantity. International Journal of Methodology, Jg. 48, H. 3, S. 1537-1552. DOI:10.1007/s11135-013-9851-3

    Abstract

    "Law 68 of March 12, 1999, whose aim is to regulate and promote the employment of disabled people, has contributed significantly to the employment of persons with disabilities, and consequently to their social inclusion. In particular, article 13 of this law offers exemption from national insurance contributions to private institutions that employ disabled people. In this paper we propose a two-step analysis to assess the effectiveness of this law at the level of Italian Provinces for the year 2005. In the first phase, we verify by means of data envelopment analysis which Provinces are ranked among the most efficient ones in the application of article 13 of law 68/99. Then, through the use of cluster analysis, we examine differences among Provinces in terms of the factors that determine their different efficiency in the employment of disabled people. The results show that the employment of disabled persons is significantly affected by three groups of factors, i.e. the input endowment of the factors which affect the employment of disabled people, the Province ability to coordinate actions geared to achieving the employment of persons with disabilities, and the promotion of policy actions aimed at supporting the social inclusion of disabled people." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Inclusion of disabled people in the Italian labour market: an efficiency analysis of law 68/1999 at regional level (2013)

    Agovino, M.; Rapposelli, A.;

    Zitatform

    Agovino, M. & A. Rapposelli (2013): Inclusion of disabled people in the Italian labour market. An efficiency analysis of law 68/1999 at regional level. In: Quality and Quantity. International Journal of Methodology, Jg. 47, H. 3, S. 1577-1588. DOI:10.1007/s11135-011-9610-2

    Abstract

    "Law 68 of March 12, 1999, whose aim is the regulation and promotion of the employment of persons with disabilities, delegates to the regions the management of the labour market. Consequently, its successful implementation depends almost exclusively on the regions' actions and ability to efficiently coordinate the various actors involved in the work integration of disabled people. The main objective of this paper is to verify which Italian regions are ranked among the most efficient ones in the application of this law. To this purpose, the efficiency analysis is carried out by applying the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method to Italian regions data for the year 2005. In this context, we implement a 'cascade' analysis by introducing both environmental variables and social capital variables in different steps of the analysis. The results show that the sheer presence of potential employers and of employment offices is not enough to make a region able to correctly apply the law 68/1999. Both environmental and socio-welfare factors have to be considered, as they are important in determining the efficiency of each region in providing employment for disabled people. Hence, the present study represents an additional source of useful information to policy makers for future economic policy actions in order to promote the integration of disabled people in the labour market: environmental and social capital variables ought to be included as policy instruments within the context of law 68/1999." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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