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Arbeitszeit: Verlängern? Verkürzen? Flexibilisieren?

Verkürzung, Verlängerung oder Flexibilisierung der Arbeitszeit stehen immer wieder im Zentrum der Debatten. Was wünschen sich Unternehmen und Beschäftigte? Wie kann Arbeitszeitpolitik die Schaffung neuer Arbeitsplätze und die Sicherung vorhandener Arbeitsplätze unterstützen?
Dieses Themendossier bietet Publikationen zur Entwicklung der Arbeitszeiten in Deutschland auch im internationalen Vergleich, zur betrieblichen Gestaltung der Arbeitszeit und zu den Arbeitszeitwünschen der Beschäftigten.
Publikationen zur kontroversen Debatte um die Einführung der Vier-Tage-Woche finden Sie in unserem Themendossier Vier-Tage-Woche – Arbeitszeitmodell der Zukunft?
Im Filter „Autorenschaft“ können Sie auf IAB-(Mit-)Autorenschaft eingrenzen.

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Next Work im Business-Ökosystem der 360° Gastwelt: Eine Untersuchung neuer Arbeitszeitmodelle im Dienstleistungssektor am Beispiel der Tourismus-, Hospitality- und Foodservice-Industrie (2024)

    Borkmann, Vanessa; Gaulinger, Ronja; Dienes, Katharina; Tombeil, Anne-Sophie;

    Zitatform

    Borkmann, Vanessa, Anne-Sophie Tombeil, Katharina Dienes & Ronja Gaulinger (2024): Next Work im Business-Ökosystem der 360° Gastwelt. Eine Untersuchung neuer Arbeitszeitmodelle im Dienstleistungssektor am Beispiel der Tourismus-, Hospitality- und Foodservice-Industrie. Stuttgart, 85 S. DOI:10.24406/publica-2462

    Abstract

    "Die Tourismus-, Hospitality- und Foodservice-Industrie stellt mit 5,8 Millionen Erwerbstätigen (12,7 Prozent) eine wichtige Säule des Arbeitsmarkts in Deutschland dar. Allerdings ist die Industrie insbesondere seit der Pandemie von einem verschärften Fachkräfte- und Arbeitskräftemangel betroffen. Das Fraunhofer IAO präsentiert in ihrer neuen Studie alternative Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten der Arbeitswelt für die 360° Gastwelt, um potenzielle Arbeitskräfte langfristig für die Gastwelt zu begeistern." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Quality hours: Measuring labor input (2024)

    Braun, Christine; Kydland, Finn; Rupert, Peter;

    Zitatform

    Braun, Christine, Finn Kydland & Peter Rupert (2024): Quality hours: Measuring labor input. In: Labour Economics, Jg. 88. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2023.102504

    Abstract

    "We construct an aggregate labor input series from 1979 to 2019 to adjust for changes in the experience and education levels of the workforce using the Current Population Survey’s Outgoing Rotation Groups. We compare the cyclical behavior of labor input to aggregate hours — finding that labor input is about 9% less volatile over the business cycle and that the quality of the workforce is countercyclical. We show that the decrease in labor productivity beginning in 2004, the ‘‘productivity slowdown,’’ is understated by 12 percentage points when using aggregate hours instead of labor input to calculate productivity, as compared to the 1990–2003 growth rate. Moreover, 39% of the average quarterly growth rate of labor productivity can be attributed to increases in education and experience since 2004." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Employees' perceptions of co-workers' internal promotion penalties: the role of gender, parenthood and part-time (2024)

    Brüggemann, Ole ;

    Zitatform

    Brüggemann, Ole (2024): Employees' perceptions of co-workers' internal promotion penalties: the role of gender, parenthood and part-time. In: European Societies, Jg. 26, H. 3, S. 773-801. DOI:10.1080/14616696.2023.2270049

    Abstract

    "Much research has focused on penalties by gender, parenthood and part-time work for hiring processes or wages, but their role for promotions is less clear. This study analyzes perceived chances for internal promotion, using a factorial survey design. Employees in 540 larger German (>100 employees) firms were asked to rate the likelihood of internal promotion for vignettes describing fictitious co-workers who varied in terms of gender, parenthood, working hours as well as age, earnings, qualification, tenure and job performance. Results show that promotion chances are perceived as significantly lower for co-workers who are women (gender penalty), mothers (motherhood penalty) and part-time workers (part-time penalty). Fathers and childless men (co-workers) are not evaluated differently (no fatherhood premium or penalty), and neither does part-time employment seem to be perceived as a double penalty for male co-workers. All three perceived promotion penalties are more pronounced among female employees, mothers and part-time employees. These findings show that employees perceive differential promotion chances for co-workers which indicate actual differences due to discrimination, selective applications or structural dead-ends. Either way, perceived promotion penalties are likely consequential in guiding employee's application behavior and hence can contribute to the persistence of vertical gender segregation in the labor market." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Wie viel sollten Mütter und Väter arbeiten?: Idealvorstellungen variieren in und nach der Rushhour des Lebens (2024)

    Bujard, Martin ; Kleinschrot, Leonie ;

    Zitatform

    Bujard, Martin & Leonie Kleinschrot (2024): Wie viel sollten Mütter und Väter arbeiten? Idealvorstellungen variieren in und nach der Rushhour des Lebens. In: Bevölkerungsforschung aktuell H. 1, S. 3-9.

    Abstract

    "Der Artikel betrachtet die Rushhour des Lebens, die durch die Doppelbelastung aus Familien- und Erwerbsarbeit für Mütter und Väter insbesondere in der Lebensphase mit kleinen Kindern entsteht. Basierend auf Daten des familiendemografischen Panels FReDA wird gezeigt, dass die von den Befragten als ideal angesehene Erwerbsarbeitszeit für Mütter mit Kindern im Alter von 4 bis 18 Jahren deutlich höher ist als deren tatsächliche Arbeitszeit. Für Väter dagegen werden geringere Erwerbsarbeitszeiten als die tatsächlich von ihnen geleisteten als ideal angesehen, vor allem mit jungen Kindern. Die Studienergebnisse haben familienpolitische und arbeitsmarktbezogene Relevanz, auch vor dem Hintergrund des Arbeitskräftemangels. Mütter könnten durch Politik und Arbeitgebende eine stärkere Unterstützung bei der schrittweisen Erhöhung ihrer Arbeitszeit mit zunehmendem Alter der Kinder erfahren. Während für Väter in der Rushhour des Lebens die Realisierung einer vollzeitnahen Teilzeit hilfreich wäre." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Work Hours Volatility and Child Poverty: The Potential Mitigating Role of Safety Net Programs (2024)

    Cai, Julie;

    Zitatform

    Cai, Julie (2024): Work Hours Volatility and Child Poverty: The Potential Mitigating Role of Safety Net Programs. In: Social forces, Jg. 102, H. 3, S. 902-925. DOI:10.1093/sf/soad109

    Abstract

    "Despite established links among persistent unemployment, low wages, and children’s economic well-being, social scientists have yet to document how variability in work hours is linked to child poverty. Our knowledge of the safety net’s heterogeneous responses to work-hour instability is also limited. This is of critical importance for scholars and policymakers. Using nationally representative data collected every 4 months, this paper examines how intra-year work-hour volatility is related to child poverty, measured through both the official poverty measure (OPM) and the supplemental poverty measure (SPM). It further assesses varying degrees of buffering effects of cash, in-kind benefits, and tax transfers on income in the context of work-hour volatility. Results indicate that more than one in four households (26%) facing the greatest volatility lived under the poverty line. Black and Hispanic children, as well as those living with unpartnered single mothers, faced substantially higher variability in household market hours worked. Hispanic children experienced not only greater volatility in their caregivers’ work hours but also higher poverty level, even after taking government programs into account. In-kind benefits are more effective in buffering household income declines resulting from unstable work hours, followed by tax transfers and cash benefits. The effectiveness of near-cash benefits is particularly salient among Black children and children of single mothers. These results provide new evidence to inform policy discussions surrounding the best ways to help socioeconomically disadvantaged families to retain benefits and smooth their income in the face of frequent variation in work hours and, thus, earnings." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Overwork and the use of paid leave and flexible work policies in U.S. workplaces (2024)

    Cha, Youngjoo ; Grady, Rebecca K.;

    Zitatform

    Cha, Youngjoo & Rebecca K. Grady (2024): Overwork and the use of paid leave and flexible work policies in U.S. workplaces. In: Social science research, Jg. 121. DOI:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2024.103006

    Abstract

    "Employees in today’s workplace express strong desire for policies allowing for temporal flexibility (e.g., paid time off, schedule change, working from home), yet these policies are underutilized even when employees have them. We argue that an occupational norm that emphasizes long work hours is a key to understanding this puzzle. Using individual-level data from the Leave Module of the 2011 American Time Use Survey (supplemented with the 2017–2018 version), matched with occupation-level data constructed from O*NET and the American Community Surveys, we show that individuals working in occupations with higher prevalence of “overwork” (defined by working 50 or more hours per week) are less likely to use paid leave. For flexible work policies, the same pattern is found for childless men, fathers, and childless women, but mothers are more likely to use them in occupations with higher prevalence of overwork. Our decomposition analysis shows that widespread overwork in professional and managerial occupations offsets much of what makes them amenable to the use of leave and flexible work policies, relative to other occupations. These findings suggest that even when policies are available, the success of flexible work policies largely depends on how organizations tackle the overwork norm." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    How Work Hour Variability Matters for Work-to-Family Conflict (2024)

    Cho, Hyojin ; Lambert, Susan J. ; Ellis, Emily ; Henly, Julia R. ;

    Zitatform

    Cho, Hyojin, Susan J. Lambert, Emily Ellis & Julia R. Henly (2024): How Work Hour Variability Matters for Work-to-Family Conflict. In: Work, Employment and Society, Jg. 38, H. 6, S. 1611-1635. DOI:10.1177/09500170231218191

    Abstract

    "Variable work hours are an understudied source of work-to-family conflict (WFC). We examine the relationships between the magnitude and direction of work hour variability and WFC and whether work hour control and schedule predictability moderate these relationships. We estimate a series of linear regressions using the 2016 US General Social Survey, examining women and men workers separately and together. Findings indicate that as the magnitude of work hour variability increases, so does WFC, controlling for the usual number of hours worked. Work hour control helps to protect workers, especially women, from WFC when work hour variability is high and hours surge. Although schedule predictability tempers the relationship between work hour variability and WFC, its potency diminishes as variability increases. Our study emphasizes the potential benefit to workers and families of government policies and employer practices that promote work hour stability, schedule predictability, and equity in employee work hour control." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Time use, college attainment, and the working-from-home revolution (2024)

    Cowan, Benjamin;

    Zitatform

    Cowan, Benjamin (2024): Time use, college attainment, and the working-from-home revolution. In: Journal of Population Economics, Jg. 37. DOI:10.1007/s00148-024-01036-5

    Abstract

    "I demonstrate that the profound change in working from home (WFH) in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic is concentrated among individuals with college degrees. Relative to 2015–2019, the number of minutes worked from home on “post-pandemic” (August 2021–December 2022) weekdays increased by 78 min for college graduates; for non-graduates, the increase was 22 min. The share of work done at home (for those who worked at all) increased by 22% for graduates and 7% for non-graduates. I examine how time-use patterns change for college graduates relative to non-graduates over the same period. Average minutes worked changed little for either group. Daily time spent traveling (e.g., commuting) fell by 21 min for college graduates and 6 min for non-graduates. College graduates experience a relative shift from eating out to eating at home, an increase in free time, and an increase in time spent with children, with the latter effect concentrated among fathers. Thus, while the gender gap in childcare among college graduates may be diminished by the WFH revolution, gaps in children's outcomes by parents' college attainment may be exacerbated by it." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The Big Shift in Working Arrangements: Eight Ways Unusual (2024)

    Davis, Steven J. ;

    Zitatform

    Davis, Steven J. (2024): The Big Shift in Working Arrangements: Eight Ways Unusual. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 16932), Bonn, 25 S.

    Abstract

    "The COVID-19 pandemic instigated a big shift in working arrangements. I first describe the scale of this shift in the United States, drawing on the Survey of Working Arrangements and Attitudes and other sources. I then review differences, circa 2023, in work-from-home rates across industries, demographic groups, and countries. The big shift had surprisingly benign (or even positive) effects on productivity, which is one reason it has endured. Compared to other shocks that strike modern economies, the big shift is also unusual in other respects: It relaxes time budget constraints, improves flexibility in time use, enhances individual autonomy, relaxes locational constraints, drives a major re-sorting of workers to jobs and employers, and alters the structure of wages. The big shift also reduces wage-growth pressures during the transition to new working arrangements and life styles. The shift benefits workers, on average, even as it lowers non-labor costs and real product wages for firms." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Work Schedules (2024)

    Devaro, Jed ;

    Zitatform

    Devaro, Jed (2024): Work Schedules. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 17061), Bonn, 61 S.

    Abstract

    "In a new model of work schedules, employers choose the number of working hours and either dictate the exact hours to be worked or delegate that decision to workers via flextime. Workers' preferences over schedules influence their productivities. An inverted-U-shaped hours-output profile arises; flextime policies shift its peak to the right. Long hours are found to go hand-in-hand with flextime, and the employer finds flextime less appealing when wages exogenously increase. Analysis of a worker-employer matched panel of British workplaces surveyed in 2004 and 2011 reveals that flextime and other flexible work practices mitigate the productivity-eroding consequences of long hours." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Wishing for More: Technological Change, the Rise of Involuntary Part-Time Employment and the Role of Active Labour Market Policies (2024)

    Doorn, Lars Van ; Vliet, Olaf van ;

    Zitatform

    Doorn, Lars Van & Olaf van Vliet (2024): Wishing for More: Technological Change, the Rise of Involuntary Part-Time Employment and the Role of Active Labour Market Policies. In: Journal of Social Policy, Jg. 53, H. 3, S. 751-771. DOI:10.1017/S0047279422000629

    Abstract

    "Technological change has squeezed the demand for middle-skill jobs, which typically involve routine-intense tasks. This squeeze has coincided with an increase in the number of part-time working individuals who wish to work more hours. We argue that these two trends are linked. Due to the decline of middle-skill employment, medium-educated workers shift into low-skill employment, increasing the supply of labor for jobs in this segment of the labor market. This pushes those dependent on these jobs to accept part-time jobs, even if these involve fewer hours than they prefer. To empirically assess this claim, we analyze involuntary part-time employment across 16 European countries between 1999 and 2010. Our analysis confirms that a decline in middle-skill employment is associated with an increase in involuntary part-time employment at the bottom end of the labor market. This finding implies that the automation of routine-intense labour worsens employment possibilities in this segment of the labor market. However, we show that training and job creation schemes mitigate this effect. These programs cushion competition either by providing medium-educated workers with the necessary skills to shift into high-skill jobs or by increasing employment possibilities. Thus, governments have the tools to support workers facing challenges in the knowledge economy." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Diversity of flexible working time arrangements and workers' health: An analysis of a workers’ panel and linked employer-employee data for France (2024)

    Erhel, Christine ; Guergoat-Larivière, Mathilde ; Mofakhami, Malo ;

    Zitatform

    Erhel, Christine, Mathilde Guergoat-Larivière & Malo Mofakhami (2024): Diversity of flexible working time arrangements and workers' health: An analysis of a workers’ panel and linked employer-employee data for France. In: Social Science & Medicine, Jg. 356. DOI:10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117129

    Abstract

    "Flexible working time arrangements (FWTA) have increased over the last decades, favored by labor market deregulation, the decentralization of collective bargaining and the development of new technologies. The negative impact of some non-standard working hours on health (like night work, shift work) is quite well-known but other forms of FWTA have been studied less so far. This article aims to investigate the relationship between FWTA and workers’ health. It focuses on employer-oriented FWTA and uses a job demands-control framework to identify different types of working time demands and control. The study uses individual data from the French working conditions survey, including panel data from 2013 to 2019 (64,981 observations) and cross-sectional employer-employee linked data from 2019 (5687 employees from 4672 workplaces). We identify empirically two main dimensions of employer-oriented FWTA, based on 14 working time variables. The first type involves “atypical working hours”, such as working weekends, nights, early mornings, evenings, or doing shift work. The second type - “work overflow” - is characterized by long working hours, overtime, taking work home, and having variable working hours. Using a fixed-effects model based on panel data, we show that both types of FWTA have a negative impact on workers' self-rated general health and mental health, as measured by the WHO-5 index. The study also finds that workers who have more control - both individual and collective – to face these demands demonstrate better health. Workers with control over their working hours report better health and are less negatively affected by FWTA. Moreover, workplace-level practices have ambiguous relationships with workers' health. However, those involving social dialogue and workers ’ participation have more favorable effects: the positive effect of health and safety committees is especially clear. To improve workers’ health in the context of increased flexible working time arrangements, public policies should promote the development of control over working time and participation of workers to social dialogue on working time related issues." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Knowing your place: the role of occupational status in fathers' flexible working (2024)

    Ewald, Alina ; Gilbert, Emilee ; Huppatz, Kate ;

    Zitatform

    Ewald, Alina, Emilee Gilbert & Kate Huppatz (2024): Knowing your place: the role of occupational status in fathers' flexible working. In: Community, work & family, Jg. 27, H. 4, S. 454-471. DOI:10.1080/13668803.2023.2207717

    Abstract

    "This study explored how fathers’ occupational status shapes their constructions, experiences, and negotiations of Flexible Working. In particular, we examined whether occupational status impacted men’s access to, and the acceptability of using FWAs for the purposes of care. Data from semi-structured interviews with 43 working fathers from diverse occupational roles within the Australian financial sector were analysed using Foucauldian discourse analysis. Findings suggest that fathers’ access to flexibility is contingent upon and shaped by their position in the organisational hierarchy. Fathers in ‘higher-status’ roles reported significant power and agency in their access to and adoption of FWAs. However, a major barrier to their use of flexibility was the discursively constructed expectation that men in these positions should be dedicated to their paid work role and career progression rather than caring for their child(ren). In contrast, men in ‘lower-status’ roles lacked autonomy, agency, and power in relation to accessing flexibility for caring purposes. These fathers reported being closely monitored in their paid working roles, having little flexibility available to them in these roles, and felt trepidatious about even requesting FWAs for caring for their child(ren)." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Labor Market Effects of Workweek Restrictions: Evidence from the Great Depression (2024)

    Fishback, Price; Ziebarth, Nicolas L. ; Vickers, Chris ;

    Zitatform

    Fishback, Price, Chris Vickers & Nicolas L. Ziebarth (2024): Labor Market Effects of Workweek Restrictions: Evidence from the Great Depression. In: American Economic Journal. Macroeconomics, Jg. 16, H. 4, S. 77-113. DOI:10.1257/mac.20220188

    Abstract

    "We study the effects of restrictions on the length of the workweek under the President’s Reemployment Agreement (PRA)of July 1933 and the National Industrial Recovery Act. We construct a model in which the equilibrium without such a workweek restriction has an inefficiently low level of employment. We find that employment rose by about 24 percent in the month following the imposition of the workweek restriction. Industries with longer workweeks pre-PRA experienced 9.4 percent faster growth in hourly earnings post-PRA, but this increase was not sufficient to prevent a relative fall in weekly earnings in these industries." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The Hidden Demand for Flexibility: a Theory for Gendered Employment Dynamics (2024)

    Frech, Maria; Maideu-Morera, Gerard;

    Zitatform

    Frech, Maria & Gerard Maideu-Morera (2024): The Hidden Demand for Flexibility: a Theory for Gendered Employment Dynamics. (Working papers / Toulouse School of Economics 2024-1588), Toulouse, 67 S.

    Abstract

    "Empirical evidence highlights women's demand for flexible working hours as a critical cause of the persistent gender disparities in the labor market. We propose a theory of how hidden demand for flexibility drives gendered employment dynamics. We develop a dynamic contracting model between an employer and an employee whose time availability is stochastic and unverifiable. We model men and women only to differ in their probability of having low time availability, which we measure in the ATUS. We explore contracts designed specifically for each gender (gender-tailored) and the polar case where a male-tailored contract is given to both men and women. For the latter, we show that contracting frictions endogenously give rise to well-documented gendered labor market outcomes: (i) the divergence and non-convergence of gender earnings differentials over the life-cycle, and (ii) women's shorter job duration and weaker labor force attachment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Arbeitswelt im Wandel: Herausforderungen des Arbeitskräftemangels und die Dynamik des hybriden Arbeitens (2024)

    Garnitz, Johanna ; Selleng, Nicole; Schaller, Daria;

    Zitatform

    Garnitz, Johanna, Daria Schaller & Nicole Selleng (2024): Arbeitswelt im Wandel: Herausforderungen des Arbeitskräftemangels und die Dynamik des hybriden Arbeitens. In: Ifo-Schnelldienst, Jg. 77, H. 1, S. 49-54.

    Abstract

    "Die aktuelle Sonderumfrage der ifo-HR-Befragung beleuchtet die aktuellen Herausforderungen im Arbeitsumfeld, insbesondere die Themen Arbeitskräftemangel und Homeoffice, um ein umfassendes Verständnis der gegenwärtigen Arbeitsbedingungen zu erhalten. Die häufigste von Unternehmen angegebene Maßnahme gegen den Arbeitskräftemangel ist die Lohnerhöhung (78%), gefolgt von nicht-monetären Benefits für die Beschäftigten (74 %) und flexiblen Arbeitszeiten sowie Homeoffice-Möglichkeiten (71 %). 72% der befragten Unternehmen bieten Homeoffice an (bei der Hälfte dieser Unternehmen nur in einigen Bereichen). In den übrigen Unternehmen gibt es kein Homeoffice: 14 % bieten dies aufgrund der Berufsbilder nicht, weitere 14 % grundsätzlich nicht an." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    How to Enhance Time Wealth? Insights from Changes in Time Use and Working Conditions During the COVID-19 Lockdown in Germany (2024)

    Gerold, Stefanie ; Geiger, Sonja M. ; Buhl, Johannes ;

    Zitatform

    Gerold, Stefanie, Johannes Buhl & Sonja M. Geiger (2024): How to Enhance Time Wealth? Insights from Changes in Time Use and Working Conditions During the COVID-19 Lockdown in Germany. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 171, H. 1, S. 349-371. DOI:10.1007/s11205-023-03252-0

    Abstract

    "This paper investigates the changes in time use, working conditions and subjective time wealth during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. Our analysis draws on panel data collected before and during the first lockdown among 786 employees. It employs a recently developed scale on time wealth which has been suggested as a comprehensive measure to capture the subjective experience of time. We provide separate analyses according to gender and essential occupation. First-difference regressions are applied to examine how changes in time use and changes in working conditions during the lockdown affected subjective time wealth. Our results show a general growth in time wealth during the lockdown which is, among other factors, driven by a decline in work hours and an increase in sleep duration. We also find positive effects on time wealth from decreased time pressure at work, more autonomy in organising one’s working day, and an improved reconciliation of work and private life. This study contributes to existing research by identifying key aspects how to improve time wealth among employees." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Arbeitszeitwünsche von jungen Beschäftigten (2024)

    Hammermann, Andrea; Schäfer, Holger;

    Zitatform

    Hammermann, Andrea & Holger Schäfer (2024): Arbeitszeitwünsche von jungen Beschäftigten. (IW-Kurzberichte / Institut der Deutschen Wirtschaft Köln 2024,24), Köln, 3 S.

    Abstract

    "Der jungen Generation wird häufig eine hohe Freizeitorientierung unterstellt. Tatsächlich lässt sich zeigen, dass die Wunscharbeitszeit junger Beschäftigter im Zeitablauf abnimmt. Dies stellt aber keine Besonderheit der jungen Generation dar, sondern trifft auch auf Ältere zu." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Vor dem Kollaps!? Beschäftigung im sozialen Sektor: Empirische Vermessung und Handlungsansätze (2024)

    Hohendanner, Christian ; Steinke, Joß; Rocha, Jasmin;

    Zitatform

    Hohendanner, Christian, Jasmin Rocha & Joß Steinke (2024): Vor dem Kollaps!? Beschäftigung im sozialen Sektor. Empirische Vermessung und Handlungsansätze. Berlin: De Gruyter Oldenbourg, 111 S. DOI:10.1515/9783110748024

    Abstract

    "Diese Studie bietet eine empirisch fundierte Gesamtschau auf die Beschäftigung in einem der personalintensivsten und am stärksten vom Fachkräftemangel betroffenen Arbeitsfelder in Deutschland: dem sozialen Sektor. Wer das Buch liest, gewinnt ein tieferes Verständnis über Zusammenhänge und die Notwendigkeit, offen über Beschäftigung im sozialen Sektor zu debattieren. Anhand aktueller Daten zeigen die Autor:innen, dass der soziale Sektor im Wettbewerb um Arbeitskräfte schlecht dasteht. Zunehmend fehlen Arbeitskräfte und grundlegende, bislang als selbstverständlich betrachtete Leistungen der sozialen Daseinsvorsorge können immer häufiger nicht mehr erbracht werden. Die Autor:innen zeigen Wege auf, wie soziale Berufe wieder attraktiver und der Kollaps des sozialen Sektors (vielleicht) verhindert werden kann." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, © De Gruyter Oldenbourg)

    Beteiligte aus dem IAB

    Hohendanner, Christian ;
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  • Literaturhinweis

    Die 4-Tage-Woche - Ein Zukunftsmodell für die Arbeitswelt?: Eine Einschätzung aus arbeitsrechtlicher Perspektive (2024)

    Höpfner, Clemens;

    Zitatform

    Höpfner, Clemens (2024): Die 4-Tage-Woche - Ein Zukunftsmodell für die Arbeitswelt? Eine Einschätzung aus arbeitsrechtlicher Perspektive. In: Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftspolitik, Jg. 73, H. 2, S. 125-135. DOI:10.1515/zfwp-2024-2009

    Abstract

    "The four-day workweek is currently one of the most discussed topics in labor policy and economics. Historically advocated by employers to reduce personnel costs without comprehensive wage compensation, the concept has evolved. Today, it is primarily supported by unions and employee-oriented political parties, with many employees seeing it as a way to improve work-life balance. This shift reflects a labor market that has become more employee-driven due to demographic changes and a general labor shortage. This article explores the legal framework for implementing a four-day workweek under three models: with unchanged weekly working hours, with reduced hours and full wage compensation, and with reduced hours without wage compensation. It discusses the potential benefits and challenges of each model, including legal constraints, the impact on labor costs, and the implications for productivity and labor relations. The conclusion considers a change from the previous daily to a weekly maximum working time to be indispensable. It calls for flexible, tailored solutions through collective agreements and further research on the long-term effects of the four-day workweek on productivity, employee satisfaction, and the economy." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © De Gruyter) ((en))

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