Arbeitszeit: Verlängern? Verkürzen? Flexibilisieren?
Standen in früheren Jahren erst die Verkürzung der Arbeitszeit und dann die Arbeitszeitverlängerung im Zentrum der Debatten, ist nun eine flexible Gestaltung der Arbeitszeit der Wunsch von Unternehmen und vielen Beschäftigten. Die Politik fragt vor diesem Hintergrund: wie kann Arbeitszeitpolitik die Schaffung neuer Arbeitsplätze und die Sicherung vorhandener Arbeitsplätze unterstützen?
Die Infoplattform bietet weiterführende Informationen zu dieser Frage, zur Entwicklung der Arbeitszeiten in Deutschland auch im internationalen Vergleich, zur betrieblichen Gestaltung der Arbeitszeit und zu den Arbeitszeitwünschen der Arbeitnehmerinnen und Arbeitnehmern.
- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
- Arbeitszeitpolitik
- Arbeitszeitentwicklung
- Arbeitszeit aus Sicht der Beschäftigten
-
Arbeitszeitgestaltung
- flexible Arbeitszeitmodelle insgesamt
- gleitende Arbeitszeit
- Vertrauensarbeitszeit
- Arbeitszeitkonto
- Schichtmodelle, Wochenendarbeit
- Langzeiturlaub, Blockfreizeit
- Arbeit auf Abruf, KAPOVAZ
- Bereitschaftsdienst
- Job Sharing, Teilzeit, Altersteilzeit
- Telearbeit
- Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Kinderbetreuung, Elternzeit
- Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Pflege
- Alter
- Geschlecht
- geografischer Bezug
-
Literaturhinweis
Preferences for collective working-time reduction policies: a factorial survey experiment (2023)
Castro, Damaris; Bleys, Brent;Zitatform
Castro, Damaris & Brent Bleys (2023): Preferences for collective working-time reduction policies: a factorial survey experiment. (Working paper / Ghent University. Faculty of Economics and Business Administration 2023,1076), Gent, 26 S.
Abstract
"Collective working-time reduction (WTR) policies, organized by companies, organizations, sectors or governments, can yield benefits across diverse domains including productivity and well-being. Despite an increasing number of WTR trials, the attractiveness of such policies remains relatively underexplored in literature. In this study, a factorial survey experiment investigates employees' preferences for collective WTR policies with pay reduction that vary along five dimensions. Findings reveal that employees favour policies that minimize pay reduction, that reduce working time moderately rather than extensively, and that establish a high degree of flexibility for taking up the additional leisure time. Moreover, the uptake amongst significant others matters: participation of colleagues as well as of close friends and family positively influences WTR attractiveness, although the latter primarily matter in WTR-supportive company cultures. Our findings provide valuable guidance for companies, organizations and policymakers when devising collective WTR policies and underline the importance of societal participation to enhance WTR attractiveness." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Does work time reduction improve workers' well-being? Evidence from global four-day workweek trials (2023)
Zitatform
Fan, Wen, Juliet Schor, Orla Kelly & Guolin Gu (2023): Does work time reduction improve workers' well-being? Evidence from global four-day workweek trials. (SocArXiv papers), 46 S. DOI:10.31235/osf.io/7ucy9
Abstract
"Time spent on the job is a fundamental aspect of working conditions that influences many aspects of individuals’ lives. In this ground-breaking research, we study how an organization-wide four-day workweek Intervention - with no reduction in pay - affects workers’ well-being. Participating organizations undergo pre-trial work reorganisation to improve efficiency and collaboration, followed by a six-month four-day workweek trial. Based on data collected from 2,134 employees in 123 organizations before and after the trial, we find that the trial leads to improvements in multiple measures of subjective well-being, including burnout, job satisfaction, positive affect, mental health, and physical health. Larger reductions in individuals' weekly hours predict greater gains in well-being outcomes. Mediation analysis indicates that three factors significantly contribute to the relationship between reduced working hours and increased well-being: improvements in self-reported work ability, reductions in sleep problems, and decreased levels of fatigue." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Performance pay, work hours and employee health in the UK (2023)
Zitatform
Green, Colin P. & John S. Heywood (2023): Performance pay, work hours and employee health in the UK. In: Labour Economics, Jg. 84. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2023.102387
Abstract
"A large body of research links performance pay to poorer worker health. The mechanism generating this link remains in doubt. We examine a common suspect, that performance pay causes employees to work longer hours in pursuit of higher pay. Using UK data, we demonstrate that performance pay is associated with more work hours and a higher probability of working long hours. Yet approximately two thirds of these differences reflect worker sorting rather than behavioral change. The remaining effects are small except those for labourers. Indeed, controlling for hours of work does not diminish the link between worse self-reported health and performance pay." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
The results are in: The UK's four-day week pilot (2023)
Lewis, Kyle; Kamarāde, Daiga; Fan, Wen ; Kelly, Orla; Mullens, Francisca ; Gu, Guolin; Stronge, Will; Kellam, Jack; Bridson Hubbard, Niamh; Kikuchi, Lukas; White, Jon; Burchell, Brendan ; Schor, Juliet ; Frayne, David;Zitatform
Lewis, Kyle, Will Stronge, Jack Kellam, Lukas Kikuchi, Juliet Schor, Wen Fan, Orla Kelly, Guolin Gu, David Frayne, Brendan Burchell, Niamh Bridson Hubbard, Jon White, Daiga Kamarāde & Francisca Mullens (2023): The results are in: The UK's four-day week pilot. Crookham Village, 69 S.
Abstract
"This report details the full findings of the world’s largest four-day working week trial to date, comprising 61 companies and around 2,900 workers, that took place in the UK from June to December 2022. First, the report sets out the methodologies and forms of data collection employed in the course of the trial research, introduces key components of the four-day week trial’s design, and offers a breakdown of the participating organisations. We then turn to an analysis of data collected over the course of the trial: first, looking at the key metrics in company performance, such as revenue and staff turnover, before turning to employee-focused data, including health, well-being and work-life balance. Finally – and as an important addition to much of the previous four-day week trial research – we offer a range of ‘perspectives from the shopfloor’, drawing on extensive interview data from trial participants, staff and managers alike. We include focused case studies that highlight standout examples of differing practice across the four-day week companies, showing how participants, in their own words, tackled challenges, perceived the impacts, and reflected on the trial experience." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Weiterführende Informationen
Hier finden Sie eine deutschsprachige Ausgabe der Rosa-Luxemburg-Stiftung in Deutsch. -
Literaturhinweis
Income dynamics in the United Kingdom and the Impact of the Covid-19 recession (2022)
Bell, Brian; Bloom, Nicholas; Blundell, Jack;Zitatform
Bell, Brian, Nicholas Bloom & Jack Blundell (2022): Income dynamics in the United Kingdom and the Impact of the Covid-19 recession. In: Quantitative Economics, Jg. 13, H. 4, S. 1849-1878. DOI:10.3982/QE1872
Abstract
"In this paper, we use an employer‐based survey of earnings and hours to set out the key patterns in UK earnings dynamics from 1975 to 2020, with a particular focus on the most recent recession. We demonstrate that (log) earnings changes exhibit strongly procyclical skewness and have become increasingly leptokurtic, and thus less well approximated by a log‐normal distribution, over the period of study. This holds across genders and sectors. Exploiting the long duration of our panel, we then explore the responsiveness of earnings and hours to aggregate and firm‐level shocks, finding ample heterogeneity in the exposure of different types of workers to aggregate shocks. Exposure is falling in age, firm size, skill level, and permanent earnings, and is lower for unionized and public sector workers. The qualitative patterns of earnings changes across workers observed in the Covid‐19 recession of 2020 are broadly as predicted using the previously estimated exposures and size of the shock. Firm‐specific shocks are important for wages given the variation in within‐firm productivity and the patterns of heterogeneity are markedly different than for aggregate shocks." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Overtime in Europe: Regulation and practice (2022)
Cabrita, Jorge; Foden, David; Cerf, Catherine;Zitatform
Cabrita, Jorge, Catherine Cerf & David Foden (2022): Overtime in Europe: Regulation and practice. (Eurofound research report / European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions), Dublin, 48 S. DOI:10.2806/095550
Abstract
"Despite the well-known adverse effects of regular long working hours on workers’ health, well-being and performance, many workers in the EU continue to work beyond their normal hours. Part of this additional working time is classified as overtime. This report takes a comparative overview of how overtime is regulated in the EU Member States, Norway and the United Kingdom, including its definition, the limits on its use and the compensation received by workers for working extra hours. The report assesses the extent of the phenomenon using national-level data, delves into the factors that explain it, and examines the potential consequences for workers and firms. Finally, the report summarises the current debate on the topic, as uncompensated working hours, structural overtime and monitoring of working hours are currently some of the most discussed work-related issues across the EU." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Zero-hours Contracts in a Frictional Labour Market (2022)
Zitatform
Dolado, Juan J., Etienne Lalé & Helene Turone (2022): Zero-hours Contracts in a Frictional Labour Market. (Discussion Paper / University of Bristol, Department of Economics 22/763), Bristol, 50 S.
Abstract
"We propose a model to evaluate the U.K.'s zero-hours contract (ZHC)- a contract that exempts employers from the requirement to provide any minimum working hours, and allows workers to decline any workload. We find quantitatively mixed welfare effects of ZHCs. On one hand they unlock job creation among firms that face highly volatile business conditions and increase labor force participation of individuals who prefer flexible work schedules. On the other hand, the use of ZHCs by less volatile firms, where jobs are otherwise viable under regular contracts, reduces welfare and likely explains negative employee reactions to this contract." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Does Performance Pay Influence Hours of Work? (2022)
Zitatform
Green, Colin P. & John S. Heywood (2022): Does Performance Pay Influence Hours of Work? (IZA discussion paper 15474), Bonn, 37 S.
Abstract
"A large body of research links performance pay to poorer worker health. The exact mechanism generating this link remains in doubt. We examine a common suspect, that performance pay causes employees to work longer hours in pursuit of higher pay. Using representative data for the UK, we demonstrate that performance pay is associated with more work hours and a higher probability of working long hours. Yet approximately two thirds of these differences reflect worker sorting rather than behavioral change. The remaining influence appears too small to generate the differences in health except for blue-collar occupations that we isolate." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Fathers' Perceptions of the Availability of Flexible Working Arrangements: Evidence from the UK (2021)
Zitatform
Cook, Rose, Margaret O'Brien, Sara Connolly, Matthew Aldrich & Svetlana Speight (2021): Fathers' Perceptions of the Availability of Flexible Working Arrangements: Evidence from the UK. In: Work, Employment and Society, Jg. 35, H. 6, S. 1014-1033. DOI:10.1177/0950017020946687
Abstract
"A conditional right to request flexible working arrangements (FWAs) has existed for most UK employee parents since 2003. However, there are growing concerns about access, particularly among fathers. Using nationally representative data from the 2015 UK Household Longitudinal Survey, this article examines fathers? perceptions of the availability of hours reduction, schedule flexibility and working from home. Results show that almost one-third of fathers believe that FWAs that reduce working hours are unavailable to them, compared with one-tenth of mothers. There are no gender differences in perceptions of availability of schedule and location flexibility. Among fathers, those with lower education levels, in lower status occupations, working in the private sector and in workplaces that do not have trade union presence are more likely to believe that FWAs are unavailable. Therefore, even though most employees now have the right to request FWAs, a significant minority of fathers do not perceive FWAs to be available to them." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Some Welfare Economics of Working Time (2021)
Fitzroy, Felix; Jin, Jim;Zitatform
Fitzroy, Felix & Jim Jin (2021): Some Welfare Economics of Working Time. (IZA discussion paper 14810), Bonn, 27 S.
Abstract
"Few skilled workers in the UK have flexible working time – GPs are the exception – most can only choose between unemployment, or full-time work, which has changed little in recent years, while part time work is mainly unskilled. This market rigidity imposes major welfare losses, in contrast to flexibility of worktime for all in the Netherlands, which has the best work-life balance. Stagnating real wages and rising employer market power and inequality follow declining unionisation, but a standard four-day week, tax reform, basic income, and flexibility rights for all could reverse these trends and provide major welfare gains." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
The Effect of Work Schedule Control on Volunteering among Early Career Employees (2021)
Mantovan, Noemi; Wilson, John; Sauer, Robert M.;Zitatform
Mantovan, Noemi, Robert M. Sauer & John Wilson (2021): The Effect of Work Schedule Control on Volunteering among Early Career Employees. (IZA discussion paper 14723), Bonn, 37 S.
Abstract
"Recent trends in the labor market see increasing numbers of workers having to deal with "schedule precarity" including volatile hours, rotating shift work, unpredictable work hours and lack of choice on the part of the employee. These trends are of concern to those interested in fostering levels of civic engagement because they potentially limit volunteering. This study uses data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97) containing information on work schedules in 2011 and 2013 among employees to determine the effect of changes in work schedules on becoming a volunteer using transition regressions. We investigate interactions between work schedule measures and pay structure because workers paid by the hour have lower volunteer rates than salaried workers. The study finds that, while three of the schedule dimensions are unrelated to volunteering, transitioning towards more schedule control has a positive effect on volunteering. However, interaction analysis shows this positive effect is confined to salaried workers whereas for hourly paid workers the effect is negative. The results support the idea that having more freedom to set one's work schedule reduces work-life conflict but suggest that this positive effect is limited to those who can take advantage of it." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Gender, Flexibility Stigma and the Perceived Negative Consequences of Flexible Working in the UK (2020)
Zitatform
Chung, Heejung (2020): Gender, Flexibility Stigma and the Perceived Negative Consequences of Flexible Working in the UK. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 151, S. 521-545. DOI:10.1007/s11205-018-2036-7
Abstract
"This study examines the prevalence and the gender differences in the perceptions and experiences of flexibility stigma -- i.e., the belief that workers who use flexible working arrangements for care purposes are less productive and less committed to the workplace. This is done by using the 4th wave of the Work-Life Balance Survey conducted in 2011 in the UK. The results show that 35% of all workers agree to the statement that those who work flexibly generate more work for others, and 32% believe that those who work flexibly have lower chances for promotion. Although at first glance, men are more likely to agree to both, once other factors are controlled for, women especially mothers are more likely to agree to the latter statement. Similarly, men are more likely to say they experienced negative outcomes due to co-workers working flexibly, while again mothers are more likely to say they experienced negative career consequences due to their own flexible working. The use of working time reducing arrangements, such as part-time, is a major reason why people experience negative career outcomes, and can partially explain why mothers are more likely to suffer from such outcomes when working flexibly. However, this relationship could be reverse, namely, the stigma towards part-time workers may be due to negative perceptions society hold towards mothers' commitment to work and their productivity. In sum, this paper shows that flexibility stigma is gendered, in that men are more likely to discriminate against flexible workers, while women, especially mothers, are more likely to suffer from such discrimination." (Author's abstract, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Flexible Working and Unpaid Overtime in the UK: the Role of Gender, Parental and Occupational Status (2020)
Zitatform
Chung, Heejung & Mariska van der Horst (2020): Flexible Working and Unpaid Overtime in the UK. The Role of Gender, Parental and Occupational Status. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 151, H. 2, S. 495-520. DOI:10.1007/s11205-018-2028-7
Abstract
"Recent studies have shown that flexible boundaries between work and family may make employees work harder and longer. Yet most studies were not able to show whether there are differences across different types of flexible working arrangements, and whether this relationship may only hold for certain groups of workers. We examine how three different types of flexible working arrangements, that is schedule control, flexitime, and teleworking, are associated with an increase in unpaid overtime hours of workers in the UK using the Understanding Society data from 2010 to 2015 and fixed effects panel regression models. Results show that the flexible arrangements that were introduced primarily for work-life balance purposes, i.e., flexitime and teleworking, do not necessarily increase unpaid overtime hours significantly. On the other hand, workers' control over their schedule, mainly introduced as a part of high-performance strategies, leads to increased unpaid overtime hours. This is especially true for professional men, and women without children, especially those working full-time, and surprisingly part-time working mothers. The results of this study point to the importance of distinguishing between different groups of workers as well as between different types of arrangements when examining outcomes of flexible working. Furthermore, the results of the study contribute to the argument that performance enhancing flexible working arrangements can potentially exacerbate gender inequalities in the labour market by enabling men to commit more time to their jobs, while for women, especially full-time working mothers, this may be less possible." (Author's abstract, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
The Gender Gap in Time Allocation in Europe (2020)
Zitatform
Gimenez-Nadal, J. Ignacio & José Alberto Molina (2020): The Gender Gap in Time Allocation in Europe. (IZA discussion paper 13461), 42 S.
Abstract
"This article explores the gender gap in time allocation in Europe, offering up-to-date statistics and information on several factors that may help to explain these differences. Prior research has identified several factors affecting the time individuals devote to paid work, unpaid work, and child care, and the gender gaps in these activities, but most research refers to single countries, and general patterns are rarely explored. Cross-country evidence on gender gaps in paid work, unpaid work, and child care is offered, and explanations based on education, earnings, and household structure are presented, using data from the EUROSTAT and the Multinational Time Use Surveys. There are large cross-country differences in the gender gaps in paid work, unpaid work, and child care, which remain after controlling for socio-demographic characteristics, although the gender gap in paid work dissipates when the differential gendered relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and paid work is taken into account. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of gender gaps in Europe, helping to focus recent debates on how to tackle inequality in Europe, and clarifying the factors that contribute to gender inequalities in the uses of time." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Like ships passing in the night? Nonstandard work schedules and spousal satisfaction in Finland, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom (2020)
Zitatform
Malinen, Kaisa, Anna Rönkä & Eija Sevón (2020): Like ships passing in the night? Nonstandard work schedules and spousal satisfaction in Finland, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. In: Journal of Family Research, Jg. 32, H. 2, S. 192-213. DOI:10.20377/jfr-359
Abstract
"Diese Studie untersucht den Zusammenhang von Arbeitszeiten und Zufriedenheit in der Ehe unter finnischen (n = 347), nieder ländischen (n = 304) und britischen (n = 337) Eltern. Neben dem Vergleich von Eltern mit außergewöhnlichen Arbeitszeiten und Eltern mit regulären Tagesarbeitszeiten, wurde gesondert untersucht, welche Rolle Morgen-, Abend-, Nacht- und Wochenendarbeit und andere arbeitszeitbezogenen Variablen (Arbeitsstunden, Änderungen der eigenen Arbeitszeiten und der des Ehepartners und deren Einfluss auf die eigenen Arbeitszeiten bzw. die des Ehepartners) spielen. Die Daten aus drei Ländern wurden mithilfe des Strukturgleichungsmodells durch einen Mehrgruppenvergleich in Impuls analysiert. Unter den anwesenden europäischen Arbeitnehmern wurden nur wenige Hinweise für eine Korrelation zwischen negativen Assoziationen zu Arbeitszeiten (damit zusammenhängenden Faktoren) und der Zufriedenheit in der Ehe festgestellt. Bei den untersuchten Assoziationen wurden keine Unterschiede zwischen den Ländern gefunden. Die quantitativen Analysen wurden durch Inhaltsanalysen der Eltern ergänzt, in denen sie beschreiben, wie sie die Auswirkungen der Arbeitszeiten auf ihre eheliche Beziehung erleben. Die Eltern beschrieben ihre Arbeitszeiten meist so, dass diese einen negativen Einfluss auf die Möglichkeiten zur gemeinsamen Zeitnutzung, auf die Organisation des Alltags sowie auf die psychologischen und physiologischen Reaktionen und die eheliche Kommunikation haben. Einige gaben jedoch auch Vorteile und Problemlösungen an, die in Verbindung zu ihren Arbeitszeiten stehen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
-
Literaturhinweis
Men Lose Life Satisfaction with Fewer Hours in Employment: Mothers Do Not Profit from Longer Employment: Evidence from Eight Panels (2020)
Zitatform
Schröder, Martin (2020): Men Lose Life Satisfaction with Fewer Hours in Employment: Mothers Do Not Profit from Longer Employment. Evidence from Eight Panels. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 152, H. 1, S. 317-334. DOI:10.1007/s11205-020-02433-5
Abstract
"This article uses random and fixed effects regressions with 743,788 observations from panels of East and West Germany, the UK, Australia, South Korea, Russia, Switzerland and the United States. It shows how the life satisfaction of men and especially fathers in these countries increases steeply with paid working hours. In contrast, the life satisfaction of childless women is less related to long working hours, while the life satisfaction of mothers hardly depends on working hours at all. In addition, women and especially mothers are more satisfied with life when their male partners work longer, while the life satisfaction of men hardly depend on their female partners' work hours. These differences between men and women are starker where gender attitudes are more traditional. They cannot be explained through differences in income, occupations, partner characteristics, period or cohort effects. These results contradict role expansionist theory, which suggests that men and women profit similarly from moderate work hours; they support role conflict theory, which claims that men are most satisfied with longer and women with shorter work hours." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Desired hours worked over the business cycle: stylised facts for European countries (2020)
Tuda, Dora;Zitatform
Tuda, Dora (2020): Desired hours worked over the business cycle: stylised facts for European countries. (Trinity economics papers 1320), Dublin, 37 S.
Abstract
"This paper documents stylised facts on desired hours per employed worker in European countries and identifies the effect of recessions on desired hours. Actual hours worked are usually used to estimate preferences on the labour market. However, actual hours are constrained by labour demand and therefore measure hours worked in the general equilibrium. Descriptive statistics from EU Labour Force Survey show that desired hours are countercyclical and that the underemployment gap increases due to higher desired hours worked of employed individuals. I identify the effect of recessions on desired hours using variation in regional unemployment rates from 2000 to 2017. I find that a 1 percentage point higher unemployment rate increases desired hours, on average, by 2 - 8 hours on a yearly level (3 - 5 minutes in the reference week). The results offer a lower bound estimate for the whole sample period of booms and busts. To narrow the sample period, I use a panel of individuals from the French LFS (EEC) and find even bigger effects. In France, from 2007q4 to 2009q1, an increase in regional unemployment rate by 1 percentage point increases desired hours by 1.6 hours in the reference week. Bottom decile of the income distribution significantly increases desired hours in all countries, suggesting an income effect labour supply response in recessions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Is thursday the new friday?: The future of working time and hopes for a four-day week (2019)
Briône, Patrick;Zitatform
Briône, Patrick (2019): Is thursday the new friday? The future of working time and hopes for a four-day week. (Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. Study), Berlin, 23 S.
Abstract
In letzter Zeit ist das Interesse an einer Verkürzung der Arbeitszeit in Großbritannien enorm gewachsen. Zuletzt schlossen sich die Gewerkschaften sowie die Labour-Partei der Forderung nach einer Vier-Tage-Woche an. Nach einem Jahrzehnt stagnierender Produktivität suchen britische Arbeitgeber nach innovativen Lösungen. Einige Unternehmen haben bereits begonnen, mit der Vier-Tage-Woche zu experimentieren, um das Engagement und Wohlbefinden ihrer Angestellten zu erhöhen und das Phänomen des sog. Präsentismus (das Ableisten überflüssiger Arbeitsstunden) zu verringern. Fallstudien zeigen, dass eine Vier-Tage-Woche in ausgewählten Fällen Vorteile mit sich bringen würde. Jedoch bestehen ernsthafte Hindernisse im Hinblick auf die politische Umsetzung.
-
Literaturhinweis
Are flexible work arrangements associated with lower levels of chronic stress-related biomarkers?: A study of 6025 employees in the UK household longitudinal study (2019)
Zitatform
Chandola, Tarani, Cara L Booker, Meena Kumari & Michaela Benzeval (2019): Are flexible work arrangements associated with lower levels of chronic stress-related biomarkers? A study of 6025 employees in the UK household longitudinal study. In: Sociology, Jg. 53, H. 4, S. 779-799. DOI:10.1177/0038038519826014
Abstract
"Debates around the benefits of flexible work arrangements for employee well-being are limited by a lack of empirical analyses on whether flexible working enables employees with work or family stressors to cope with their levels of stress. This study examines whether the availability and use of different flexible work arrangements are associated with lower allostatic load (an index of chronic stress-related biomarkers) in a large representative study of UK adults. Male and female employees who made use of reduced hours working arrangements had lower levels of allostatic load. Among women caring for two or more children aged under 15, there was a difference of almost one unit of the allostatic load index (an additional biomarker risk) between women who used reduced hours flexible work and those without such arrangements. Reduced hours flexible work arrangements could enable women who combine work and family roles to reduce their levels of chronic stress." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
'Women's work penalty' in access to flexible working arrangements across Europe (2019)
Zitatform
Chung, Heejung (2019): 'Women's work penalty' in access to flexible working arrangements across Europe. In: European journal of industrial relations, Jg. 25, H. 1, S. 23-40. DOI:10.1177/0959680117752829
Abstract
"Many assume that women and workers in female-dominated workplaces will have better access to flexible working arrangements. Some use this as justification for the low wages found in these workplaces. Yet, empirical results are mixed. I explore this question by examining workers' access to schedule control across 27 European countries, and find no discernible gender differences in access to schedule control when individual and company-level characteristics are taken into account. However, working in female-dominated jobs and/or sectors significantly reduces access to schedule control for both men and women. This 'women's work penalty' in female-dominated sectors varies across Europe but nowhere was the access better compared to sectors where both genders are equally represented. This raises concerns regarding the lack of favourable working conditions, in addition to low pay found in female-dominated workplaces." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Aspekt auswählen:
Aspekt zurücksetzen
- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
- Arbeitszeitpolitik
- Arbeitszeitentwicklung
- Arbeitszeit aus Sicht der Beschäftigten
-
Arbeitszeitgestaltung
- flexible Arbeitszeitmodelle insgesamt
- gleitende Arbeitszeit
- Vertrauensarbeitszeit
- Arbeitszeitkonto
- Schichtmodelle, Wochenendarbeit
- Langzeiturlaub, Blockfreizeit
- Arbeit auf Abruf, KAPOVAZ
- Bereitschaftsdienst
- Job Sharing, Teilzeit, Altersteilzeit
- Telearbeit
- Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Kinderbetreuung, Elternzeit
- Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Pflege
- Alter
- Geschlecht
- geografischer Bezug