Atypische Beschäftigung
Der deutsche Arbeitsmarkt wird zunehmend heterogener. Teilzeitbeschäftigung und Minijobs boomen. Ebenso haben befristete Beschäftigung und Leiharbeit an Bedeutung gewonnen und die Verbreitung von Flächentarifverträgen ist rückläufig. Diese atypischen Erwerbsformen geben Unternehmen mehr Flexibilität.
Was sind die Konsequenzen der zunehmenden Bedeutung atypischer Beschäftigungsformen für Erwerbstätige, Arbeitslose und Betriebe? Welche Bedeutung haben sie für die sozialen Sicherungssysteme, das Beschäftigungsniveau und die Durchlässigkeit des Arbeitsmarktes? Die IAB-Themendossier bietet Informationen zum Forschungsstand.
- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
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Atypische Beschäftigung insgesamt
- Gesamtbetrachtungen
- Erosion des Normalarbeitsverhältnisses
- Prekäre Beschäftigung
- Politik, Arbeitslosigkeitsbekämpfung
- Arbeits- und Lebenssituation atypisch Beschäftigter
- Betriebliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Rechtliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Gesundheitliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Beschäftigungsformen
- Qualifikationsniveau
- Alter
- geographischer Bezug
- Geschlecht
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Literaturhinweis
Teilzeitbeschäftigung aus Unternehmenssicht (2024)
Hennrich, Jonas; Schaller, Daria;Zitatform
Hennrich, Jonas & Daria Schaller (2024): Teilzeitbeschäftigung aus Unternehmenssicht. In: Ifo-Schnelldienst, Jg. 77, H. 10, S. 44-48.
Abstract
"Das ifo Institut befragt im Auftrag von Randstad Deutschland quartalsweise deutsche HR-Abteilungen zu personalpolitisch relevanten Themen. In jedem Quartal werden in wechselnden Sonderfragen aktuelle arbeitsmarktrelevante Fragestellungen untersucht. Das aktuelle Thema befasst sich mit der Entwicklung der Teilzeitbeschäftigung. Aus verschiedenen Gründen entscheiden sich immer mehr Beschäftigte dazu, ihre Arbeitsstunden zu reduzieren. Neben den Arbeitnehmenden, die freiwillig weniger arbeiten möchten, gibt es auch diejenigen, die ihre Arbeitszeit aufgrund der Pflege eines Angehörigen oder der Kinderbetreuung verringern müssen. Oftmals wird diese auch mit dem Arbeits- und Fachkräftemangel in Verbindung gebracht und als eine der Problemursachen genannt. Damit einhergehend wird häufig die Frage gestellt, wie Mitarbeitende in die Vollzeit zurückgeholt werden können." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Permanently marginalized? Securing living hours among part-time workers in hotels and restaurants in Northern Europe (2024)
Ilsøe, Anna ; Larsen, Trine Pernille ; Trygstad, Sissel ; Nergaard, Kristine ; McMahon, Juliette ; Ryan, Lorraine ;Zitatform
Ilsøe, Anna, Trine Pernille Larsen, Sissel Trygstad, Lorraine Ryan, Kristine Nergaard & Juliette McMahon (2024): Permanently marginalized? Securing living hours among part-time workers in hotels and restaurants in Northern Europe. In: European journal of industrial relations, Jg. 30, H. 4, S. 421-439. DOI:10.1177/09596801241264643
Abstract
"This paper offers a comparative perspective on the wage and working conditions of marginal part-time workers (less than 15 hours per week) in the Danish, Irish and Norwegian hotel and restaurant sector. Each of the three countries belongs to distinct industrial relations models with different sectoral traditions of multi-employer bargaining, political intervention and union strength. We focus on social partner initiatives, over time, covering trade unions, employers and national governments’ unilateral, bipartite or tripartite measures to secure ‘living hours’ for workers with contracts of few hours. Analytically, we seek inspiration from the work on industrial relations regimes by Visser (2009) and combine it with the concept of living hours. We find that social partners have introduced a series of initiatives to secure living hours, notably to protect and increase hourly wages and secure guaranteed weekly working hours. However, while securing minimum wages and income through either bipartite, tripartite or unilateral measures seem relatively successful in all three countries, the attempts to guarantee minimum weekly working hours and thus secure living hours prove more difficult and mainly has had an impact in Denmark." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
An Effective protection against unemployment for self-employed and platform workers? The intriguing case of Denmark (2024)
Zitatform
Jacqueson, Catherine (2024): An Effective protection against unemployment for self-employed and platform workers? The intriguing case of Denmark. In: European Journal of Social Security, Jg. 26, H. 2, S. 140-154. DOI:10.1177/13882627241270473
Abstract
"This article discusses whether self-employed and platform workers in Denmark have effective access to the unemployment insurance scheme. The Danish case is intriguing in a comparative context. Unlike other European States, it has been possible in Denmark for the self-employed to formally access the unemployment scheme since 1976. The system is also interesting as it is rather flexible, and was recently adapted to meet the challenges of changing work patterns and an increase in atypical forms of work, such as platform work. Yet, it is argued that important barriers to effective coverage remain. Some barriers, such as the voluntary character of the insurance and its eligibility criteria, are common to all persons with low and irregular work. Other barriers are specific to the self-employed and relate to the conditions for proving the closing down of business, and to waiting periods." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Positioning precarity: The contingent nature of precarious work in structure and practice (2024)
Zitatform
Jankowski, Krzysztof Z. (2024): Positioning precarity: The contingent nature of precarious work in structure and practice. In: The British journal of sociology, Jg. 75, H. 5, S. 715-730. DOI:10.1111/1468-4446.13125
Abstract
"Conceptualizing precarity has come to rest on the multi-dimensional and differentiated insecurities of job and worker, this however belies the relationship between structure and experience where precarity originates. To bridge that relationship, I employ the landscape concept to position workers relative to the structural contingency of precarious work. To study this landscape, I conducted an ethnography involving job searching, working, and interviewing workers. While certainly insecure, these jobs displayed parallel characteristics of streamlined hiring and short-notice starts which workers took advantage of. I explore three ideal-typical ‘jobs’—the first, only, and best job—to examine how vulnerability is balanced with contingency to produce precarity. This analysis and the landscape approach locate the political-economic transformation of work in the context of workers' lives and their labor market position. Taking precarious work is an act of balancing one's vulnerabilities in a way that constructs and thus naturalizes precarity. Overall, the article contributes an image of an economy where workers have to be opportunistic in a continual struggle for work while stratified by their personal circumstances and position in this labor market." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Workers with few hours – who secures their social rights? – The role of social dialogue and collective bargaining (2024)
Zitatform
Larsen, Trine Pernille & Anna Ilsøe (2024): Workers with few hours – who secures their social rights? – The role of social dialogue and collective bargaining. In: European journal of industrial relations, Jg. 30, H. 4, S. 349-361. DOI:10.1177/09596801241293249
Abstract
"This special issue looks at the contributions of social dialogue and collective bargaining to creating, maintaining or reducing the risks associated with employment contracts of few hours, such as marginal part-time work, temporary agency work and zero-hour contracts. It additionally considers changes in welfare institutions with regard to the protection of these groups of workers. In this paper, we introduce the arguments on why and how working in marginal part-time jobs involves vulnerability, and on the differential roles collective bargaining and social protection may have on these jobs, depending in particular on which status (employees, workers or self-employed) they are associated to." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The effect of transitioning into temporary employment on wages is not negative: A comparative study in eight countries (2024)
Zitatform
Latner, Jonathan P. (2024): The effect of transitioning into temporary employment on wages is not negative: A comparative study in eight countries. In: Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, Jg. 92, 2024-07-22. DOI:10.1016/j.rssm.2024.100957
Abstract
"There remains a lack of clarity about the effect of temporary employment on wages. Using asymmetric fixed effects models with a dummy impact function, we study the wage effects of four distinct transitions: (1) from unemployment into a temporary relative to (2) a permanent contracts; and (3) from temporary into permanent contracts relative to (4) from permanent into temporary contracts. We use panel data from eight countries to examine the effect of these distinct transitions, over time after the transition occurs, and in a cross-national, comparative context. The main finding explains the wage penalty of temporary employment identified by previous research. The negative effect is more accurately understood as the difference between two types of transitions, neither of which are negative, even if transitions from temporary into permanent contracts more positive than transitions from permanent into temporary contracts. There is little difference in the wage effect of transitions from unemployment into temporary relative to permanent contracts. The findings may be counter intuitive, but they are consistent with the theory of equalizing differences." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Beggaring Thy Co-Worker: Labor Market Dualization and the Wage Growth Slowdown in Europe (2024)
Zitatform
Lehner, Lukas, Paul Ramskogler & Aleksandra Riedl (2024): Beggaring Thy Co-Worker: Labor Market Dualization and the Wage Growth Slowdown in Europe. In: ILR review, Jg. 77, H. 5, S. 659-684. DOI:10.1177/00197939241248162
Abstract
"As temporary employment has become a pervasive feature of modern labor markets, reasons for wage growth have become less well understood. To determine whether these two phenomena are related, the authors investigate whether the dualized structure of labor markets affects macroeconomic developments. Specifically, they incorporate involuntary temporary workers into the standard wage Phillips curve to examine wage growth in 30 European countries for the period 2004–2017. Relying on individual-level data to adjust for a changing employment composition, their findings show, for the first time, that the incidence of involuntary temporary workers has strong negative effects on permanent workers’ wage growth, thereby dampening aggregate wage growth. This effect, which the authors name the competition effect, is particularly pronounced in countries where wage bargaining institutions are weak. The findings shed further light on the reasons for the secular slowdown of wage growth after the global financial crisis." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Automation, Trade Unions and Involuntary Atypical Employment (2024)
Zitatform
Lewandowski, Piotr & Wojciech Szymczak (2024): Automation, Trade Unions and Involuntary Atypical Employment. (IBS working paper / Instytut Badań Strukturalnych 2024,02), Warszawa, 32 S.
Abstract
"We study the effect of the adoption of automation technologies - industrial robots, and software and databases - on the incidence of atypical employment in 13 E.U. countries between 2006 and 2018. We combine survey microdata with sectoral information on technology use and exploit the variation at the demographic group level. Using instrumental variables estimation, we find that industrial robots significantly increase atypical employment share, mostly through involuntary part-time and involuntary fixed-term work. We find no robust effect of software and databases. We also show that the higher trade union coverage mitigates the robots ’ impact on atypical employment, while employment protection legislation appears to play no role. Using historical decompositions, we attribute about 1-2 percentage points of atypical employment shares to rising robot exposure, especially in Central and Eastern European countries with low unionisation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Coverage for platform workers and the self-employed in case of unemployment in Switzerland: Access to protection and ways of improvement (2024)
Zitatform
Magoga-Sabatier, Sabrine (2024): Coverage for platform workers and the self-employed in case of unemployment in Switzerland: Access to protection and ways of improvement. In: European Journal of Social Security, Jg. 26, H. 2, S. 198-213. DOI:10.1177/13882627241256003
Abstract
"Whether they are self-employed, atypical employees, or self-employed using an umbrella company, there is still almost no social protection against unemployment or partial loss of activity in Switzerland for platform workers. The same can be said for the self-employed in general. This contribution shows that platform workers, irrespective of their exact legal status, and the self-employed in general, risk sanctions for taking on unsuitable work, for being insufficiently available for decent work or unable to prove a loss of income. However hard they try, they cannot even contribute to a voluntary unemployment insurance scheme. We show that the Swiss social protection scheme, a product of years of federal direct democracy, is hardly able to adapt to the fast-moving platform work environment, thus increasing the risks of precariousness and the burden on the cantons' social assistance for the next generation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Subjective Job Insecurity and the Rise of the Precariat: Evidence from the United Kingdom, Germany, and the United States (2024)
Zitatform
Manning, Alan & Graham Mazeine (2024): Subjective Job Insecurity and the Rise of the Precariat: Evidence from the United Kingdom, Germany, and the United States. In: The Review of Economics and Statistics, Jg. 106, H. 3, S. 748-761. DOI:10.1162/rest_a_01196
Abstract
"There is a widespread belief that work is less secure than in the past, that an increasing share of workers are part of the “precariat.” It is hard to find much evidence for this in objective measures of job security, but perhaps subjective measures show different trends. This paper shows that in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany, workers feel as secure as they ever have in the past 30 years. This is partly because job insecurity is very cyclical and (pre-COVID) unemployment rates very low, but there is also no clear underlying trend towards increased subjective measures of job insecurity. This conclusion seems robust to controlling for the changing mix of the labor force, and it is true for specific subsets of workers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © MIT Press Journals) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Racial Capitalism and Entrepreneurship: An Intersectional Feminist Labour Market Perspective on UK Self-Employment (2024)
Zitatform
Martinez Dy, Angela, Dilani Jayawarna & Susan Marlow (2024): Racial Capitalism and Entrepreneurship: An Intersectional Feminist Labour Market Perspective on UK Self-Employment. In: Sociology, Jg. 58, H. 5, S. 1038-1060. DOI:10.1177/00380385241228444
Abstract
"This article explains entrepreneurial activity patterns in the United Kingdom labour market using theories of racial capitalism and intersectional feminism. Using UK Office for National Statistics Labour Force Survey data 2018–2019 and employing probit modelling techniques on employment modes, self-employment types and work arrangements among differing groups, we investigate inequality in self-employment within and between socio-structural groupings of race, class and gender. We find that those belonging to non-dominant gender, race and socio-economic class groupings experience an intersecting set of entrepreneurial penalties, enhancing understanding of the ways multiple social hierarchies interact in self-employment patterns. This robust quantitative evidence challenges contemporary debates, policy and practice regarding the potential for entrepreneurship to offer viable income generation opportunities by those on the socio-economic margins." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Japan's dual labor market and its macroeconomic characteristics (2024)
Zitatform
Mizobata, Hirokazu (2024): Japan's dual labor market and its macroeconomic characteristics. In: Empirical economics, Jg. 67, H. 1, S. 165-196. DOI:10.1007/s00181-024-02555-6
Abstract
"This study examines the characteristics of Japan's dual labor market, which consists of standard and non-standard employment. I conduct labor stock and flow analyses using Japanese Labour Force Survey data from 2002 to 2022. The stock analysis suggests that, in the long run, non-standard employment improves labor market conditions, such as employment and unemployment rates. Changes in the composition of standard and non-standard employment reduce the average hours per worker in the long run but play a limited role over the business cycles. The flow analysis reveals that inflows and outflows involving non-standard employment have relatively significant effects on changes in employment and unemployment rates. This feature of non-standard employment is more pronounced for females and young individuals. The flow analysis also shows that within-employment reallocation, that is, transitions between standard and non-standard employment, primarily determines the changes in the share of non-standard employment. The sluggish movement between these two types of contracts leads to a persistently high level of non-standard employment in Japan." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Atypical work and residence in cross-border situations: The coordination of unemployment benefits (2024)
Zitatform
Mišič, Luka & Grega Strban (2024): Atypical work and residence in cross-border situations: The coordination of unemployment benefits. In: European Journal of Social Security, Jg. 26, H. 2, S. 266-283. DOI:10.1177/13882627241255023
Abstract
"This article analyses the potential challenges related to the coordination of unemployment benefits under European Union law for persons whose employment or other economic activities and living arrangements are, in one way or another, dispersed across the territories of several EU Member States. Starting from the traditional cases of frontier workers and other cross-border (or mobile) workers, on the one hand, and remote work or telework, on the other, the article looks at the potential future of free movement in the EU under Regulation (EC) No. 883/2004 and its implementing regulation, Regulation (EC) No. 987/2009. New forms of work and work organisation, alongside new mobility and residency patterns, challenge the basic rules of lex loci laboris (the country of employment is competent) and lex loci domicilii (the country of residence is competent), especially when they collide in a single case. At the same time, unemployment benefits, which are at the heart of this debate, still remain subject to specific coordination (e.g. competence) rules that depart from the general legislation, possibly making effective provision in such cases even more difficult. The article gives a diverse collection of theoretical examples in which cross-border situations are either in themselves atypical and complex, or accompanied and made possible by new forms of work or work organisation, causing specific problems for the adequate and appropriate provision of unemployment benefits." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Poverty and Temporary Employment in Italy (2024)
Zitatform
Mussida, Chiara & Dario Sciulli (2024): Poverty and Temporary Employment in Italy. In: Italian economic journal. DOI:10.1007/s40797-024-00297-z
Abstract
"This paper explores the relationship between temporary employment and poverty in Italy by using 2016–2019 longitudinal EU-SILC data. We model both poverty and labor market outcomes and account for possible endogeneity of temporary employment in the poverty equation. We find that temporary employment reduces the risk of poverty whether compared with inactivity and unemployment. Temporary workers are more likely to stay in poverty with respect to their permanent counterpart. The different effect of permanent/temporary employment on the risk of poverty is more pronounced for householders than for partners, thereby stressing the leading role of the former in income formation. There is evidence of feedback effects from past poverty to current temporary employment. We also find significant genuine state dependence in both the processes of poverty and temporary employment. For the latter, we note the prevalence of a trapping effect into unstable jobs relationships, especially for householders. Finally, we stress the relatively weak role of social transfers in integrating labor income from temporary employment and therefore in breaking the detrimental effect of temporary work on poverty." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Essays on institutions in health care and labor markets (2024)
Müller-Rehm, Rebekka;Zitatform
Müller-Rehm, Rebekka (2024): Essays on institutions in health care and labor markets. (Untersuchungen zur Wirtschaftspolitik 145), Köln, 145 S.
Abstract
"Dieser Band der Untersuchungen zur Wirtschaftspolitik ist institutionellen Besonderheiten des Gesundheitswesens und von Arbeitsmärkten gewidmet. Gesundheits- und Arbeitsmärkte unterliegen aus guten Gründen einer stärkeren Regulierung als andere Märkte: Der Schutz von Patient*innen und Arbeitnehmer*innen genießt in unserer Gesellschaft hohe Priorität. Die Wirkung der Regulierung auf diesen Märkten zu verstehen, ist nicht zuletzt deshalb wichtig, weil sie in besonderem Maße von Entwicklungen betroffen sind, die sich der Kontrolle der politischen Entscheidungsträger*innen weitegehend entziehen, z.B. dem demografischen Wandel, dem technologischen Fortschritt und dem damit verbundenen Wandel hin zu einer Dienstleistungsökonomie. Im ersten Teil geht es um Plattformarbeit, das heißt um Arbeitsaufträge, die ortsunabhängig über digitale Plattformen abgewickelt werden. Da häufig die Befürchtung geäußert wird, dass Arbeitgeber Plattformarbeit nutzen, um Arbeitsmarktregulierung zu umgehen, liegt der Fokus auf dem Zusammenhang zwischen der Nachfrage nach Plattformarbeit und der Stärke des Kündigungsschutzes in OECD-Staaten. Im zweiten Teil werden die Niederlassungsentscheidungen von Hausärzt*innen in unterversorgten Gebieten in Deutschland untersucht, wobei nach Geschlecht und zwischen Einzel- und Gemeinschaftspraxen differenziert wird. Auf dieser Grundlage werden zwei Regulierungsszenarien simuliert: eine Angleichung der Vergütung von für die Behandlung von gesetzlich- und privatversicherten Patient*innen und eine striktere Begrenzung der Zulassung in überversorgten Gebieten. Der dritte Teil ist unfreiwilliger Teilzeitarbeit gewidmet. In Zeiten konjunkturellen Abschwungs reduzieren viele Arbeitgeber in eher liberalen Arbeitsmärkten, wie in den USA und in Großbritannien, die Arbeitszeit ihrer Beschäftigten, was zu einem Anstieg unfreiwilliger Teilzeitarbeit führt. Das wirft die Fragen auf, ob die striktere Regulierung in Deutschland, die eine einseitige Reduzierung der Arbeitszeit durch den Arbeitgeber untersagt, einen solchen Anstieg unfreiwilliger Teilzeitbeschäftigung in konjunkturellen Abschwungphasen verhindert und wie die Regulierung die Marktanpassungsmechanismen verändert." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Temporary agency employment: A supplement to regular jobs – under certain circumstances (2024)
Zitatform
Neumann, Uwe (2024): Temporary agency employment: A supplement to regular jobs – under certain circumstances. In: Competition and Change, Jg. 28, H. 2, S. 359-378. DOI:10.1177/10245294231221884
Abstract
"In countries with strict employment protection legislation, firms may seek to replace regular by atypical jobs in order to cut wages or to become more flexible. In Germany, the number of unprotected temporary jobs is comparatively low. During the past decades, temporary agency employment, however, has increased considerably and the share of agency workers is now above the EU average. Using German establishment data, the analysis draws on longitudinal (generalized method of moments) and cross-sectional (matching and difference in differences) methods to evaluate whether agency workers replaced or supplemented regular workers during and after the Great Recession of 2008/2009. The study finds that hiring (more) agency workers made it possible for user firms among Germany’s core manufacturing industries to employ a larger number of regular workers at the same time. In specific sectors and regions, temp agencies therefore provided an alternative to government-sponsored instruments such as short-time work schemes. Obviously, from the view of workers, many disadvantages remain, even more so as it is rare for temp spells to offer a stepping stone into regular employment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Fixed-term contracts and firm productivity: Do workers’ skills and firm conversion rates from fixed-term to permanent contracts matter? (2024)
Zitatform
Nguyen, Ngoc Hân, Wendy Smits & Mark Vancauteren (2024): Fixed-term contracts and firm productivity: Do workers’ skills and firm conversion rates from fixed-term to permanent contracts matter? In: International Journal of Manpower, Jg. 45, H. 10, S. 144-161. DOI:10.1108/ijm-03-2024-0194
Abstract
"Purpose: We aim to elucidate the relationship between fixed-term employment and firm productivity by examining workers’ skills and considering how firm-level conversion rates influence this relationship. Design/methodology/Approach: We use longitudinal employer-employee data between 2011 and 2017 in the Netherlands to estimate a nonlinear regression derived from a production function proposed by Addessi (2014) and Castellani et al . (2020). Findings: The contribution of fixed-term contracts to firm-level productivity is less than that of permanent contracts. However, this contribution is greater when firms exhibit a high conversion rate from fixed-term to permanent positions. The effect of the conversion rate is more substantial for high-skilled fixed-term workers than for low-skilled ones. Originality/value: Our results suggest the extent to which firms benefit from fixed-term contracts when these are used for screening high-skilled workers for permanent employment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Emerald Group) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Shared Jobs, Shared Trajectories? Employer Groups and the Regulation of Part-time Work in Germany and the Netherlands (2024)
Zitatform
Nijhuis, Dennie Oude & Maximilian Kiecker (2024): Shared Jobs, Shared Trajectories? Employer Groups and the Regulation of Part-time Work in Germany and the Netherlands. In: German politics, S. 1-23. DOI:10.1080/09644008.2024.2413487
Abstract
"To explain cross-national variation in the regulation of atypical forms of employment, including measures aimed at protecting the employment conditions of nonstandard workers, existing studies have typically emphasised the importance of labour's relative power resources and insider-outsider dynamics. This article shows that differences in employer stances can also be of key importance in explaining this type of variation. Moreover, it shows that employer support for regulatory efforts to improve quality of atypical employment neither have to result from a perceived need to seek strategic accommodation nor from a positive assessment of the costs and benefits of regulation. It does so by comparing the very different responses of Dutch and German employer groups to regulatory attempts to improve the quality of part-time employment. It illustrates their importance and attributes them to strategic choices that were a logical outcome of the different institutional environments in which Dutch and German employer groups operated." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Verbot der Leiharbeit in der Pflege (2024)
Noffz, Annette;Zitatform
Noffz, Annette (2024): Verbot der Leiharbeit in der Pflege. In: Nachrichtendienst des Deutschen Vereins für öffentliche und private Fürsorge, Jg. 103, H. 8, S. 342-346.
Abstract
"Zwar sagt man der Pflegebranche Zukunftssicherheit nach, denn solange es Menschen gibt, wird es auch kranke und pflegebedürftige Menschen geben. Um diese Menschen aber entsprechend pflegen zu können, braucht es geeignetes Personal. Dieses fehlt aus vielen Gründen in zunehmendem Maße." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Deconstructing ageism among older informal workers: a systematic review (2024)
Zitatform
Oteng, Samuel Ampadu, Padmore Adusei Amoah & Genghua Huang (2024): Deconstructing ageism among older informal workers: a systematic review. In: The international journal of sociology and social policy, Jg. 44, H. 9/10, S. 918-939. DOI:10.1108/IJSSP-03-2024-0117
Abstract
"Purpose: This study aims to conduct a systematic review of existing literature on ageism among older informal workers, as most studies have focused on formal work settings. Specifically, it seeks to identify the scope and characteristics of ageism that older informal workers encounter and its influence on their work and well-being. Design/methodology/approach This paper follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) framework to conduct a systematic review. Eleven studies from six databases were included and thematically analysed. Findings The findings revealed four main themes: the contextual nature of ageism, dimensions of work-related ageism, navigating work-related challenges, and effects on well-being. These themes highlight that, despite being perceived as experienced and reliable, older informal workers face exclusion from work opportunities as they are perceived as unproductive and less capable of acquiring new skills. These negative perceptions significantly impacted their willingness to continue working and overall well-being. Practical implications The findings offer an overview of extant research and the direction for future research and policy interventions to address ageism among older informal workers. The findings are crucial for enhancing older workers' quality of life, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, where population ageing is the fastest. Originality/value This study is one of the few to systematically explore and evaluate empirical evidence on ageism in the informal work sector. It thus expands existing knowledge and understanding of the phenomenon of ageism in a least explored context." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Emerald Group) ((en))
Aspekt auswählen:
- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
-
Atypische Beschäftigung insgesamt
- Gesamtbetrachtungen
- Erosion des Normalarbeitsverhältnisses
- Prekäre Beschäftigung
- Politik, Arbeitslosigkeitsbekämpfung
- Arbeits- und Lebenssituation atypisch Beschäftigter
- Betriebliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Rechtliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Gesundheitliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Beschäftigungsformen
- Qualifikationsniveau
- Alter
- geographischer Bezug
- Geschlecht