Atypische Beschäftigung
Vollzeit, unbefristet und fest angestellt - das typische Normalarbeitsverhältnis ist zwar immer noch die Regel. Doch arbeiten die Erwerbstätigen heute vermehrt auch befristet, in Teilzeit- und Minijobs, in Leiharbeitsverhältnissen oder als Solo-Selbständige. Was sind die Konsequenzen der zunehmenden Bedeutung atypischer Beschäftigungsformen für die Erwerbstätigen, die Arbeitslosen und die Betriebe? Welche Bedeutung haben sie für die sozialen Sicherungssysteme, das Beschäftigungsniveau und die Durchlässigkeit des Arbeitsmarktes? Die IAB-Infoplattform bietet Informationen zum Forschungsstand.
Zurück zur Übersicht- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
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Atypische Beschäftigung insgesamt
- Gesamtbetrachtungen
- Erosion des Normalarbeitsverhältnisses
- Prekäre Beschäftigung
- Politik, Arbeitslosigkeitsbekämpfung
- Arbeits- und Lebenssituation atypisch Beschäftigter
- Betriebliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Rechtliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Gesundheitliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Beschäftigungsformen
- Qualifikationsniveau
- Alter
- geographischer Bezug
- Geschlecht
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Literaturhinweis
Befristete Beschäftigungsverhältnisse junger Erwachsener: Folgen für Partnerschaft und private Zukunftsgestaltung (2023)
Baron, Daniel;Zitatform
Baron, Daniel (2023): Befristete Beschäftigungsverhältnisse junger Erwachsener. Folgen für Partnerschaft und private Zukunftsgestaltung. (Familienforschung), Wiesbaden: Imprint: Springer VS, XII, 384 S. DOI:10.1007/978-3-658-40436-9
Abstract
"In den vergangenen drei Jahrzehnten sind die Anteile befristeter Beschäftigungsverhältnisse bei jungen Erwachsenen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und in anderen spätkapitalistischen Gesellschaften deutlich angestiegen. Eingebettet in fortdauernde Trends einer Verringerung wohlfahrtsstaatlicher Sicherungsstandards hat diese Entwicklung dazu beigetragen, dass sich Übergänge in stabile berufliche Karrieren und planbare private Zukunftsgestaltungen diversifizieren und verzögern. In der vorliegenden Studie wird eine soziologische Erklärung der Auswirkungen befristeter Beschäftigung auf private und partnerschaftliche Zukunftsgestaltungen von jungen Erwachsenen theoriegeleitet ausgearbeitet und empirisch überprüft. Da mit der Ausweitung befristeter Beschäftigung das klassische männliche Ernährermodell in Begründungsnot gerät, so die zentrale These, werden Neuaushandlungen von Geschlechterrollenarrangements in jungen Partnerschaften erforderlich. Nicht allein sozioökonomische Risiken im Kontext befristeter Beschäftigung, auch die sich wandelnden geschlechter- und erwerbsbezogenen Rollenerwartungen wirken sich verzögernd auf private und partnerschaftliche Zukunftsgestaltungen aus. Die Studie richtet sich an Forschende, Lehrende und Studierende der Soziologie, Politikwissenschaft, Psychologie und in benachbarten sozialwissenschaftlichen Disziplinen. Ebenso adressiert sie methodisch versierte Praktiker°innen in familien- und sozialpolitisch relevanten Tätigkeits- und Diskursfeldern. Der Autor Dr. Daniel Baron ist Wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter am Lehrstuhl für Quantitative Methoden in den Sozialwissenschaften an der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg." (Verlagsangaben)
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Literaturhinweis
Arbeitszeitpotenziale bei geringfügig Beschäftigten (2023)
Schäfer, Holger;Zitatform
Schäfer, Holger (2023): Arbeitszeitpotenziale bei geringfügig Beschäftigten. (IW-Kurzberichte / Institut der Deutschen Wirtschaft Köln 2023,60), Köln, 3 S.
Abstract
"Ein häufig vorgebrachter Kritikpunkt an der geringfügigen Beschäftigung ist, dass Beschäftigte zu wenige Anreize haben, in Beschäftigungsverhältnisse mit längerer Arbeitszeit zu wechseln. Dies ist jedoch im Wesentlichen nur für die Teilgruppe der Hausfrauen und männer ein Problem. Die meisten Minijobber streben keine sozialversicherungspflichtige Beschäftigung an." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
How Do Young Workers Perceive Job Insecurity? Legitimising Frames for Precarious Work in England and Germany (2023)
Trappmann, Vera ; Umney, Charles ; Cartwright, Laura; McLachlan, Christopher J.; Seehaus, Alexandra ;Zitatform
Trappmann, Vera, Charles Umney, Christopher J. McLachlan, Alexandra Seehaus & Laura Cartwright (2023): How Do Young Workers Perceive Job Insecurity? Legitimising Frames for Precarious Work in England and Germany. In: Work, Employment and Society online erschienen am 05.10.2023, S. 1-23. DOI:10.1177/09500170231187821
Abstract
"This article examines the legitimising frames young workers in England and Germany apply to precarious work. Through 63 qualitative biographical interviews, the article shows that most young precarious workers saw work insecurity as an unavoidable fact of life whose legitimacy could not realistically be challenged. Four frames are identified that led to precarious work being seen as legitimate: precarious work as a driver of entrepreneurialism; as inevitable due to repeated exposure; as a stage within the life course; and as the price paid for the pursuit of autonomy and meaningful work. The article advances the literature on precarious workers’ subjectivity by identifying the frames through which it is legitimised, and by underlining the importance of frames that are currently underexamined. The prevalence of the pursuit of meaningful, non-alienating work as a frame is a particularly striking finding." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
"Working While Feeling Awful Is Normal": One Roma's Experience of Presenteeism (2022)
Zitatform
Collins, Helen, Susan Barry & Piotr Dzuga (2022): "Working While Feeling Awful Is Normal": One Roma's Experience of Presenteeism. In: Work, Employment and Society, Jg. 36, H. 2, S. 362-371. DOI:10.1177/0950017021998950
Abstract
"This article presents an account of a young Roma man’s lived experience of working in the agricultural sector while sick, and shines a spotlight on the impact of precarious work, low pay and eligibility, and access to sick pay, with particular emphasis on Roma, and how these factors interconnect to foster presenteeism. The repercussions of presenteeism, relayed through Piotr’s personal narrative and reflections about his work, family role, ambition and daily survival, enrich public sociology about this under explored area of migrant Roma’s working life." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Wandel der Erwerbsformen: War normal gestern? (2022)
Zitatform
Walwei, Ulrich (2022): Wandel der Erwerbsformen: War normal gestern? In: Zeitschrift für Sozialreform, Jg. 68, H. 2, S. 151-179. DOI:10.1515/zsr-2022-0007
Abstract
"Erwerbsformen sind schon seit geraumer Zeit in Bewegung. Vor allem die vom Normalarbeitsverhältnis abweichenden Vertragsformen, wie z. B. Teilzeitbeschäftigung oder befristete Arbeitsverträge, legten in der langen Frist zu. Der vorliegende Beitrag geht vor diesem Hintergrund zwei Fragen nach: Gibt es in den letzten drei Dekaden wirklich einen Trend, der auf eine neue Normalität in der Verteilung der Erwerbsformen schließen lässt? Gingen die Veränderungen eher mit einer Umverteilung von Beschäftigung oder mit einer Erschließung zusätzlicher Beschäftigtengruppen einher? Die auf dem Mikrozensus des Statistischen Bundesamtes basierenden Ergebnisse zeigen zunächst, dass sich die Veränderungen in der Zusammensetzung der Erwerbsformen nicht als kontinuierlich erwiesen haben. In den Jahren des anhaltenden Beschäftigungsaufschwungs vor der aktuellen Corona-Krise hatten sich die vom Normalarbeitsverhältnis abweichenden Beschäftigungsformen sogar wieder leicht zurückgebildet. Die Betrachtung des Verhältnisses von Erwerbsformen und Erwerbsbevölkerung legt weiter nahe, dass der Wandel der Erwerbsformen in der Gruppe der sog. „Kernerwerbstätigen“ (25–64-Jährige) nicht mit einer direkten Substitution einhergegangen ist. Ansonsten hätten die Erwerbstätigenquoten der Normalarbeitsverhältnisse für diese Altersgruppe nicht gleichzeitig zunehmen dürfen. Diese Aussage gilt aber den Analysen zufolge nicht für alle Altersgruppen. Sie trifft ausschließlich auf ältere Erwerbstätige zu, deren Arbeitsmarktpartizipation im Untersuchungszeitraum ohnehin deutlich zulegte. Bei den jüngeren Altersgruppen hat der Aufwuchs bei der Teilzeitbeschäftigung die Normalarbeitsverhältnisse jedoch leicht zurückgedrängt. Ob sich daraus Kohorteneffekte ergeben, ist aus heutiger Sicht offen" (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, © De Gruyter Oldenbourg)
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Literaturhinweis
Befristung und partnerschaftliche Zukunftsplanungen junger deutscher Erwachsener in Partnerschaften (2021)
Baron, Daniel;Zitatform
Baron, Daniel (2021): Befristung und partnerschaftliche Zukunftsplanungen junger deutscher Erwachsener in Partnerschaften. In: Soziale Welt, Jg. 72, H. 2, S. 139-171. DOI:10.5771/0038-6073-2021-2-139
Abstract
"Eine Vielzahl an Studien untersucht die Auswirkungen befristeter Beschäftigungsverhältnisse auf subjektive Unsicherheiten und Entscheidungen zur Verfestigung von Partnerschaften unter jungen Erwachsenen. Hingegen gibt es für die Bundesrepublik kaum umfassende Befunde zu möglichen Zusammenhängen zwischen der Einbindung in befristete Beschäftigung und Einschätzungen junger erwerbstätiger Erwachsener mit Blick auf die Planbarkeit ihrer partnerschaftlichen Zukunft. Die vorliegende Studie widmet sich dieser Frage auf Basis einer 897 Personen umfassenden Stichprobe bestehend aus jungen abhängig Beschäftigten und in Partnerschaft befindlichen Erwachsenen. Die Befunde weisen auf umso pessimistischere Einschätzungen der partnerschaftlichen Zukunftsplanung hin, je geringer die subjektive Erwerbs- und die subjektive Einkommenssicherheit junger verpartnerter Erwachsener ausfallen. Außerdem zeigen sich signifikant pessimistischere Einschätzungen bei jungen einkommensschwachen Männern als bei jungen einkommensschwachen Frauen. Diese Befunde weisen auf die analytische Relevanz sozialpsychologischer und geschlechtersoziologischer Erklärungsansätze hin, die über familienökonomisch argumentierte Perspektive hinausgehen. Ausgehend von diesen Befunden dürften Ergänzungen arbeitspolitischer Maßnahmen um Strategien zur Befähigung junger Erwachsener im Umgang mit den Konsequenzen befristeter Beschäftigungsverhältnisse aussichtsreicher sein mit Blick auf die Unterstützung ihrer partnerschaftlichen Zukunftsplanungen als vorwiegend auf Re-Regulierung abzielende Strategien." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Failing young and temporary workers: The impact of Covid-19 on a dual labour market (2021)
Zitatform
Nunes, Carolina, Bruno P. Carvalho, João Pereira dos Santos, Susana Peralta & José Tavares (2021): Failing young and temporary workers: The impact of Covid-19 on a dual labour market. In: Covid economics H. 77, S. 100-144.
Abstract
"This paper analyses the impact of the pandemic crisis in a dual labour market, using monthly data covering the universe of individuals registered as unemployed in 278 Portuguese municipalities, between March and August 2020. Our event studies document a large causal impact of the pandemic of up to 40 percentage points increases in year-on-year growth rates of the monthly stock of unemployed. We document the asymmetric impact of the crisis by employing triple difference-in-differences. Younger workers, below the age of 35, are between 20% and 25% more likely to be unemployed, vis-à-vis the older than 55. Middle educated individuals are at least 15% more likely to be unemployed when compared to the highly educated ones. There are no differences across genders for transitions into unemployment, but women have lower job placements than men. The effects are exacerbated by the duality of the labour market: an increase of one standard deviation in the municipal share of temporary contracts causes a rise of 11.6% in the number of unemployment registries and magnifies the socio-demographic asymmetries. Our results can be interpreted as a lower bound of the impact of the crisis on the labour market, given the furlough scheme implemented in Portugal." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
A Multidimensional Approach to Precarious Employment Among Young Workers in EU-28 Countries (2021)
Zitatform
Orfao, Guillermo, Alberto del Rey & Miguel A. Malo (2021): A Multidimensional Approach to Precarious Employment Among Young Workers in EU-28 Countries. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 158, H. 3, S. 1153-1178. DOI:10.1007/s11205-021-02734-3
Abstract
"This article uses a new multidimensional indicator to measure precariousness among young workers across all EU-28 countries. This indicator measures both the incidence and intensity of precariousness. The analysis has involved five dimensions: wages, type of contract, type of working day, disempowerment, and job insecurity. Our database is the European Union Labour Force Survey for the period 2009–2016. The main indication of precariousness is low wages. We find high rates of precariousness for Mediterranean countries (because of low wages and temporary contracts), Denmark (low wages), and the Netherlands (expansion of involuntary part-time jobs). Central European countries have moderate rates, and most Continental and Eastern countries have low rates. We also find that a higher level of education is related to a lower probability of having a precarious job. Finally, we find a greater probability of having a precarious job among women in most countries, and non-statistically significant differences by country of birth." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Temporary jobs and increasing inequality for recent cohorts in Italy (2021)
Zitatform
Tomelleri, Alessio (2021): Temporary jobs and increasing inequality for recent cohorts in Italy. In: Labour, Jg. 35, H. 4, S. 500-537. DOI:10.1111/labr.12208
Abstract
"Using tax-based longitudinal microdata from 1985 to 2016, I document how the widening income distribution in Italy is driven by younger cohorts. Entry wages started to decrease around the mid-1990s, at the same time returns to experience of new entrants in the labour market declined. Falling wage growth is linked to the institutional changes that occurred in the Italian labour market in the decade across the 2000s. I examine the impact of Italian labour market reforms on cohort-specific wage inequality by looking at the relationship between the number of temporary job spells and individual earnings. Results confirm that young and high-skilled new entrants show higher wage differential in comparison to older workers and that the increase in temporary jobs is a crucial factor in explaining the cohort wage gap." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Moral Boundary Drawing of Class: Social Inequality and Young Precarious Workers in Poland and Germany (2021)
Zitatform
Trappmann, Vera, Alexandra Seehaus, Adam Mrozowicki & Agata Krasowska (2021): The Moral Boundary Drawing of Class: Social Inequality and Young Precarious Workers in Poland and Germany. In: Sociology, Jg. 55, H. 3, S. 451-468. DOI:10.1177/0038038520985791
Abstract
"This article explores the relational and moral aspects of the perception of class structure and class identifications by young people in objectively vulnerable labour market conditions in Poland and Germany. Drawing on 123 biographical interviews with young people in both countries, it demonstrates that young precarious Poles and Germans tend to identify themselves against the ‘middle class’ – understood variously in the two countries – and attribute the sources of economic wealth and social status in their societies to individual merits and entrepreneurship. Positioning oneself in the broad middle and limited identification with the precariat is explained by the youth transition phase, country-specific devaluation of class discourses and the effects of individualisation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Temporary Employment and Family Formation: An Income or Insecurity Effect? (2021)
Zitatform
van Wijk, Daniël C., Helga A. G. De Valk & Aart C. Liefbroer (2021): Temporary Employment and Family Formation: An Income or Insecurity Effect? In: European Sociological Review, Jg. 37, H. 4, S. 641-658. DOI:10.1093/esr/jcab007
Abstract
"Recent studies show that temporary workers postpone family formation transitions, but it remains unclear whether this effect is due to the lower income or the stronger perceptions of job insecurity that go with a temporary contract. To address this question, we link data from a large-scale survey among Dutch employees to longitudinal population register data on marriage and first births. Logistic regression models estimate the effects of temporary employment on marriage and first birth, and mediation analyses assess to what extent these effects are explained by income and perceptions of job insecurity. Results show that temporarily employed women delay first birth. There is also some evidence that temporarily employed men postpone marriage and first birth. These effects are partly explained by income, which increases marriage and first birth rates among men and women alike. Perceptions of job insecurity generally had little effect on family formation, although higher marriage rates were found among women who experienced affective job insecurity. Overall, this shows that it is their low income rather than their feelings of insecurity about future employment that explains why temporary employees postpone family formation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Nonstandard work arrangements and older Americans, 2005-2017 (2019)
Zitatform
Appelbaum, Eileen, Arne Kalleberg & Hye Jin Rho (2019): Nonstandard work arrangements and older Americans, 2005-2017. Washington, DC, 25 S.
Abstract
"Nonstandard or alternative employment relations refer to employment by a temporary help agency or contract company or as an on-call worker or day laborer. We refer to these nonstandard employment relations (which involve an employer and employee) and independent contracting collectively as nonstandard or alternative work arrangements in this report. Contingent workers are workers who do not expect their job to last or who report that their jobs are temporary. Contingent workers and workers in alternative work arrangements are measured separately. Both have become increasingly prominent in theoretical and policy thinking about how employment has changed in recent years in the United States and other post-industrial countries.
Until recently, only relatively poor information on the extent of contingent work and nonstandard work arrangements and how this has changed during the past several decades has been available. The May 2017 Contingent Worker Supplement (CWS) - conducted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) 12 years after the last CWS and 22 years after the first -provides an opportunity to examine how contingent work and nonstandard work arrangements have changed over the last two-plus decades. This report examines these changes between 2005 and 2017, with special attention to how older workers - ages 55 to 65 and 65+ - have fared." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
Does fixed-term employment delay important partnership events?: Comparing transitions into cohabitation, marriage, parenthood and home ownership among young adults in Germany (2019)
Baron, Daniel; Rapp, Ingmar;Zitatform
Baron, Daniel & Ingmar Rapp (2019): Does fixed-term employment delay important partnership events? Comparing transitions into cohabitation, marriage, parenthood and home ownership among young adults in Germany. In: Zeitschrift für Familienforschung, Jg. 31, H. 1, S. 40-57. DOI:10.3224/zff.v31i1.03
Abstract
"In diesem Beitrag wird untersucht, ob befristete Beschäftigungsverhältnisse die Realisierung zentraler Partnerschaftsereignisse beeinflussen. Hierfür untersuchen wir vier Übergänge: Eintritt in die Kohabitation, Eheschließung, Elternschaft und Erwerb von Immobilieneigentum. Die Daten wurden aus einer Zufallsstichprobe mit 1.083 jungen deutschen Erwachsenen auf Basis des AGIPEB-Survey gewonnen. Wir wenden die Kaplan-Meyer-Methode und piecewise-constant exponential models an, um Überlebenskurven und Übergangsraten zu schätzen. Frauen und Männer, die in einem befristeten Beschäftigungsverhältnis arbeiten, neigen in ähnlicher Weise wie Personen mit einem unbefristeten Arbeitsvertrag dazu, die Kohabitation zu beginnen, die Ehe zu schließen und Eltern zu werden. Im Gegensatz dazu verzögert das Arbeiten unter befristeten Verträgen ? im Vergleich zum Arbeiten unter unbefristeten Verträgen ? jedoch den Übergang zum Erwerb von Wohnungseigentum." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
'I don't want to be a vagrant for the rest of my life': Young peoples' experiences of precarious work as a 'continuous present' (2019)
Bone, Kate Daisy;Zitatform
Bone, Kate Daisy (2019): 'I don't want to be a vagrant for the rest of my life': Young peoples' experiences of precarious work as a 'continuous present'. In: Journal of Youth Studies, Jg. 22, H. 9, S. 1218-1237. DOI:10.1080/13676261.2019.1570097
Abstract
"This work presents findings from a qualitative multi-case study investigating the lives of young, precariously employed academics working at a large Australian university. The lived experience of precarious employment is explored through a temporal analysis of how lifestyles are conceived and constructed under the conditions of liquid modernity. The findings highlight how participants felt limited in their capacity to commit to long-term life plans due to invasive feelings of insecurity and dependency that confronted participants with feelings of inadequacy. Participants referred to an inability to make adult-like decisions and bind themselves to future commitments such as independent living arrangements and starting a family. Engagement with concepts of temporality assisted in the theorising of a 'continuous present', which refers to the deferring and sacrificing of lifestyle plans in the hope for an imaginary future that never seems to arrive. This theorisation contributes an understanding of how precarious employment can disrupt the flow of culturally acceptable expectations surrounding adulthood and how precarity develops over time. The analysis illustrates that an extended durée of precarious employment increases precarity beyond the present and into the future temporal zone of young peoples' lives." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Belgian temporary workers at end of working life: an intersectional lifecourse analysis (2019)
Burnay, Nathalie;Zitatform
Burnay, Nathalie (2019): Belgian temporary workers at end of working life. An intersectional lifecourse analysis. In: Ageing and society, Jg. 39, H. 10, S. 2267-2289. DOI:10.1017/S0144686X18001368
Abstract
"The sector of temporary employment agencies in Belgium has been growing for more than 20 years. If temporary work is seen primarily as a path into the workforce for young people, it also concerns seniors, in increasing proportions. The problematic of end-of-career temporary work was analysed from a dual perspective, considering the embedding of temporalities in advanced modernity and more broadly the 'lifecourse' paradigm. A typology was created based on qualitative analysis of 36 semi-structured interviews of temporary workers ?45 years old. Results demonstrate how the experiences of temporary workers nearing retirement depend on professional, familial and social paths, and also reveal the presence of different cultural models: What is the importance of work in construction of an identity? What standards and values are applied? How is social time prioritised according to these norms? These analyses incorporate an intersectional framework in which gender and social inequalities structure the lives of workers approaching the end of their careers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The limits to mobility: Precarious work experiences among young Eastern Europeans in Spain (2019)
Zitatform
Marcu, Silvia (2019): The limits to mobility: Precarious work experiences among young Eastern Europeans in Spain. In: Environment and planning. A, Economy and space, Jg. 51, H. 4, S. 913-930. DOI:10.1177/0308518X19829085
Abstract
"This article contributes to the existing literature on the geography of mobility by examining the precarious work experiences of young people in relation to the limits to their mobility. Using 60 in-depth interviews with young immigrants from Eastern Europe who practised mobility to and from Spain, the article highlights the concern of 'limits to mobility' to show how respondents try to end their precarious work and labour instability in order to reach a stable destination. What are the limits to mobility? When is the peak reached? I argue that the limits to mobility can be explained by the interplay between the political-economic structure and people's spatiotemporal experiences. I have found three different types, depending on the life-course contexts in which young people live their limits to mobility: (1) mobility as tiredness-specific to those who have practised mobility to Spain and, after travelling, training and changing precarious jobs in several countries, try to move and settle in one place; (2) mobility as a labyrinth-situated between the fulfilment of objectives and the uncertainty of relocation; and (3) mobility as resistance to precarity through return-practised by people who migrated with their parents at an early age, who studied in Spain, but for professional reasons had to leave, and are currently either back in their countries of origin or in Spain. The limits to mobility have not as yet been researched in this way, and the findings may contribute to a refinement of the spatiotemporal framework of youth mobility." (Author's abstract, © 2019 a Pion publication) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Precarious work among young Danish employees: a permanent or transitory condition? (2019)
Zitatform
Nielsen, Mette Lykke, Johnny Dyreborg & Hester J. Lipscomb (2019): Precarious work among young Danish employees. A permanent or transitory condition? In: Journal of youth studies, Jg. 22, H. 1, S. 7-28. DOI:10.1080/13676261.2018.1469739
Abstract
"There is broad agreement that precarious work is a growing problem, and that it is highly prevalent among young employees. The financial crisis in 2008 has reinforced the need for knowledge about how precarious work affects young employees. This paper explores how the concept of precarious work may apply differentially to different groups of young people at work and whether this challenges the term 'transition', which until now has been one of the core elements within contemporary youth research. We examine discursive representations of precarious work, vulnerability and risks among young Danish employees aged 18-24 in the healthcare sector, the metal industry and retail trade captured in 46 interviews involving 74 participants. Results are discussed taking into consideration the Nordic welfare model with an active labour marked policy. We conclude that precarious work is not, in fact, simply a characteristic of young employees' work as such, but rather it is related to their position in the labour market and the type of jobs in which they are employed. While some are in transition, others are at risk of being trapped in precarious and risky working conditions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Does apprenticeship improve job opportunities?: a regression discontinuity approach (2019)
Zitatform
Picchio, Matteo & Stefano Staffolani (2019): Does apprenticeship improve job opportunities? A regression discontinuity approach. In: Empirical economics, Jg. 56, H. 1, S. 23-60. DOI:10.1007/s00181-017-1350-2
Abstract
"In Italy the main difference between apprentices and other types of temporary workers is that apprentices must receive firm-provided training. The firm incentive in hiring apprentices consists in paying lower wages and labour taxes. Using an Italian administrative dataset containing information on the jobs started between January 2009 and June 2012, we estimate the effect of apprenticeship on the hazard function to a permanent job. Identification is based on a regression discontinuity design. We find that, for 29-year-old workers, apprenticeships are 'long entrance halls' towards permanent contracts, especially within the firm where the apprenticeship is performed." (Author's abstract, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: IZA discussion paper , 7719 -
Literaturhinweis
Expediting youth's entry into employment whilst overlooking precariousness: Flexi-employability and disciplinary activation in Hong Kong (2019)
Zitatform
Wong, Victor & Tat Chor Au-Yeung (2019): Expediting youth's entry into employment whilst overlooking precariousness. Flexi-employability and disciplinary activation in Hong Kong. In: Social policy and administration, Jg. 53, H. 5, S. 793-809. DOI:10.1111/spol.12418
Abstract
"With an emphasis placed on supply-side interventions such as skills training and incentives enhancement, active labor market polices (ALMPs) are strongly promoted by international organizations and widely adopted across different welfare regimes to boost employment rates. This article first presents the under-examined relationship between ALMPs and employment precariousness, which has posed a challenge to the neoliberal notion of employability and activation. Youth-focused employment policies tend to speed up employment entry whilst downplaying the risk of precariousness and the importance of job quality, and thus further reinforcing the belief that engaging in precarious employment is tolerable if not inevitable. The article then examines the case of Hong Kong, which illustrates that its relatively low rate of youth unemployment may conceal the unfavorable employment conditions confronted by youth. It is argued that the service-led employment policies and short-term vocational training define the employability of young workers in terms of labor flexibilities. The coined phase of 'flexi-employability' is characterized by promoting youth's readiness for, and adaptability to, the volatilities and changing demands of the labor market. Arguably, the disciplinary approach to youth activation would only strengthen the work-first principle by enforcing young people to take up jobs available and leave welfare as soon as possible, but without thoroughly addressing the risks and insecurities generated by the labor market in undermining their well-being." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Ausmaß und Struktur der geringfügigen Beschäftigung: Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten und der Fraktion DIE LINKE (Drucksache 19/4681) (2018)
Zitatform
Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales (2018): Ausmaß und Struktur der geringfügigen Beschäftigung. Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten und der Fraktion DIE LINKE (Drucksache 19/4681). (Verhandlungen des Deutschen Bundestages. Drucksachen 19/5462 (30.10.2018)), 565 S.
Abstract
Die Bundesregierung antwortet auf die Anfrage der Fraktion DIE LINKE zu Ausmaß und Struktur der geringfügigen Beschäftigung. (IAB)
Aspekt auswählen:
Aspekt zurücksetzen
- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
-
Atypische Beschäftigung insgesamt
- Gesamtbetrachtungen
- Erosion des Normalarbeitsverhältnisses
- Prekäre Beschäftigung
- Politik, Arbeitslosigkeitsbekämpfung
- Arbeits- und Lebenssituation atypisch Beschäftigter
- Betriebliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Rechtliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Gesundheitliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Beschäftigungsformen
- Qualifikationsniveau
- Alter
- geographischer Bezug
- Geschlecht