Arbeitsmarktpolitik für Ältere
Die Förderung der Beschäftigung Älterer steht auf der politischen Agenda. Wir benötigten angesichts des demografischen Wandels eine betriebliche Arbeitsmarktpolitik, die der Arbeitskräfteknappheit vorausschauend entgegenwirkt.
Die Infoplattform geht auf die arbeitsmarkt- und beschäftigungspolitischen Aspekte der Entwicklung des Arbeitsmarktes für Ältere ein.
Zurück zur Übersicht- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
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Arbeitsmarkt- und beschäftigungspolitische Maßnahmen
- Gesamtbetrachtungen
- Initiativen und Kampagnen gegen Altersdiskriminierung
- Vermittlung und Beratung, Coaching
- Arbeitsbedingungen und Gesundheitsschutz
- Qualifizierung
- Subventionierung von Beschäftigung
- Lohnersatzleistungen, Bürgergeld, Arbeitslosengeld I und II
- Berufsausstieg, Übergang in Rente
- Arbeits- und Sozialrecht
- geografischer Bezug
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Literaturhinweis
The subsidy trap: Explaining the unsatisfactory effectiveness of hiring subsidies for the senior unemployed (2024)
Zitatform
Dalle, Axana, Elsy Verhofstadt & Stijn Baert (2024): The subsidy trap: Explaining the unsatisfactory effectiveness of hiring subsidies for the senior unemployed. (Working paper / Ghent University. Faculty of Economics and Business Administration 2024/1082), Gent, 36 S.
Abstract
"To extend the labor market participation of seniors, numerous countries provide subsidies to incentivise their recruitment or employment. Prior research demonstrates that the effectiveness of such subsidies is rather unsatisfactory, although the reasons for this inadequacy remain unclear. Therefore, we examined negative employer perceptions triggered by eligibility for such subsidies that might explain this disappointing effectiveness. To this end, we set up a vignette experiment in which 292 genuine recruiters assessed fictitious candidates on their hireability and underlying productivity estimations. These candidates differed experimentally in their eligibility for a hiring subsidy targeted at the unemployed aged 58 or over. Our results indicate that the subsidy has a negative effect on their hiring outcomes. This adverse effect is explained by negative perceptions that counteract the financial incentive. Specifically, the subsidized candidates signal lower physical and technological skills along with an augmented difficulty in hiring and labor inspection." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Social Security and Inequality in Belgium (2024)
Klinges, Giulia; Jousten, Alain; Lefèbvre, Mathieu;Zitatform
Klinges, Giulia, Alain Jousten & Mathieu Lefèbvre (2024): Social Security and Inequality in Belgium. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 16735), Bonn, 37 S.
Abstract
"Over the years, the Belgian social security system has undergone substantial reform with a prime focus on increasing older worker labor force participation. The paper explores the effect of past reforms on inequality in old age. We distinguish two separate effects: The mechanical effect considers the change in inequality and expected benefit levels due to the reforms for a fixed retirement age distribution. The behavioral effect accounts for the endogenous change caused by changes in the incentives to work. Our results show that mechanically, reforms have led to losses in expected benefits for all but the lowest income quintile. Behavioral changes had a positive but orders of magnitude smaller effect. Overall, inequality decreased as a result of reforms." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Retirement Decision of Belgian Couples and the Impact of the Social Security System (2023)
Cetin, Sefane; Jousten, Alain;Zitatform
Cetin, Sefane & Alain Jousten (2023): Retirement Decision of Belgian Couples and the Impact of the Social Security System. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 16470), Bonn, 30 S.
Abstract
"This paper investigates the retirement patterns of married couples in Belgium. To forecast retirement behavior, we use administrative Social Security data from 2003 to 2017 and a discrete choice random utility model. In particular, we concentrate on the spousal bonus of pension payments to comprehend how financial incentives resulting from the social security system's structural design affect both partners' retirement decisions. We simulate the effect of the elimination of the spousal bonus and find that a small portion of women delay their retirement whereas the rest substitute into alternative social security benefits. Our results do not only highlight the significance of cross-program spillovers between various Social Security benefits, but also the heterogeneity in preferences for retirement and asymmetry of retirement behavior between husbands and wives." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Nothing Really Matters: Evaluating Demand-Side Moderators of Age Discrimination in Hiring (2023)
Zitatform
Dalle, Axana, Louis Lippens & Stijn Baert (2023): Nothing Really Matters: Evaluating Demand-Side Moderators of Age Discrimination in Hiring. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 16672), Bonn, 60 S.
Abstract
"As age discrimination hampers the OECD's ambition to extend the working population, an efficient anti-discrimination policy targeted at the right employers is critical. Therefore, the context in which age discrimination is most prevalent must be identified. In this study, we thoroughly review the current theoretical arguments and empirical findings regarding moderators of age discrimination in different demand-side domains (i.e. decision-maker, vacancy, occupation, organisation, and sector). Our review demonstrates that the current literature is highly fragmented and often lacks field-experimental evidence, raising concerns about its internal and external validity. To address this gap, we conducted a correspondence experiment and systematically linked the resulting data to external data sources. In so doing, we were able to study the priorly determined demand-side moderators within a single multi-level analysis and simultaneously control multiple correlations between potential moderators and discrimination estimates. Having done so, we found no empirical support for any of these moderators." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Are active labour market policies effective for the older unemployed? A meta-evaluation (2023)
Zitatform
Orfao, Guillermo & Miguel A. Malo (2023): Are active labour market policies effective for the older unemployed? A meta-evaluation. In: Ageing & Society, Jg. 43, S. 1617-1637. DOI:10.1017/S0144686X21001288
Abstract
"We present a meta-evaluation of the literature on the impacts of active labour market policies for unemployed people over 50, extracting 82 impacts for analysis. The meta-evaluation includes only impact evaluations that examine both a group of beneficiaries and a control group of comparable non-beneficiaries. On average, we find that active policies have a slightly negative effect (−0.8 percentage points) on the probability of unemployed people over 50 finding a job and that this negative effect disappears 24 months after policy implementation. However, this effect is very different when disaggregated by policy type. Direct job creation policies have a clear negative effect (−3.9 percentage points), and training policies have a positive average effect, either in isolation (2.4 percentage points) or when combined with search assistance or counselling (1.7 percentage points). We also find slight differences by gender, with the effect of active policies being greater for women than for men. These results have important implications, given that the European Commission and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development have made active policies the cornerstone of their efforts to improve the re-employment of older people. Our results support training policies, either in isolation or in combination with search assistance and counselling. The greatest impacts are obtained after 12 months of policy implementation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Old-Age Unemployment and Labor Supply: An Application to Belgium (2022)
Zitatform
De Brouwer, Octave & Ilan Tojerow (2022): Old-Age Unemployment and Labor Supply: An Application to Belgium. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 15628), Bonn, 47 S.
Abstract
"Over the last two decades, most OECD countries have reformed their social security in order to make early departures from the labor market increasingly difficult. Despite the fiscal gains that are expected from these reforms, it is likely that these gains from longer careers will be partly offset by increasing expenses on other social security programs. This article sheds light on this issue by exploring the consequences of postponing access to an old-age unemployment program from age 58 to 60. The program provides laid-off workers with a combination of unemployment benefits and a monthly supplement paid by the employer until the full retirement age. Exploiting a rich set of administrative data, we study the effect of this reform on workers' employment and various social security benefits (i.e. unemployment, disability, early retirement and compensated working time reductions), using a triple difference method as identification strategy. Our results show that, for men, the reform had a positive effect on employment, with a small positive effect on a program called Time-Credit, i.e., a social security program that facilitates working time reductions at the end of the career. For women, we find no significant effect on employment but instead a large spillover effect on unemployment. We find that gender differences in job characteristics can help to explain this difference, since women are more likely to work in part-time, low-wage and blue-collar occupations than men, and no significant employment effects are found for these groups of workers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Big five personality traits and retirement decisions (2022)
Zitatform
Lucifora, Claudio & Martina Repetto (2022): Big five personality traits and retirement decisions. In: Labour, Jg. 36, H. 1, S. 1-28. DOI:10.1111/labr.12210
Abstract
"We estimate the effect of the Big Five personality traits on the retirement decisions of individuals aged between 50 and 80 years in fourteen European countries, using wave 7 from the SHARE data. We investigate the probability of retirement and a measure of the distance between actual retirement and ordinary retirement age. Overall, we find that personality affects retirement decisions, and the effects are similar across gender. Openness to experience, conscientiousness and extraversion are generally associated with a delay in retirement decisions, whereas neuroticism anticipates the exit from the labour market." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Substitution and spill-overs between early exit pathways in times of extending working lives in Europe (2020)
Zitatform
Riekhoff, Aart-Jan, Kati Kuitto & Liisa-Maria Palomäki (2020): Substitution and spill-overs between early exit pathways in times of extending working lives in Europe. In: International social security review, Jg. 73, H. 2, S. 27-50. DOI:10.1111/issr.12237
Abstract
"In diesem Artikel wird untersucht, inwieweit Instrumentensubstitution unter Möglichkeiten zum frühen Austritt in Europa zwischen 1995 und 2015 zum Einsatz kam. Anhand von aggregierten Eurostat‐Daten über Nichterwerbsquoten und Beschäftigungsquoten unter der Bevölkerung von 55 bis 64 Jahren in 19 europäischen Staaten analysieren wir Substitutionseffekte zwischen Austrittswegen und Gesamtausstrahlungseffekte in die Nichterwerbstätigkeit. Trotz eines starken Rückgangs des vorzeitigen Ausscheidens und des Anstiegs der Beschäftigungsquote von älteren Arbeitnehmern weisen die Ergebnisse darauf hin, dass Instrumentensubstitution insbesondere zwischen Frührente und Invalidität geläufig war. Die Abnahme des frühen Ausscheidens fiel mit erheblichen Ausstrahlungseffekten in Nichterwerbstätigkeit zusammen. Dabei war diese Ausstrahlung jedoch geringer, wenn der Zugang zu alternativen Instrumenten gleichzeitig erschwert wurde." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons)
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Literaturhinweis
Permanent wage cost subsidies for older workers: an effective tool for increasing working time and postponing early retirement? (2019)
Zitatform
Albanese, Andrea & Bart Cockx (2019): Permanent wage cost subsidies for older workers. An effective tool for increasing working time and postponing early retirement? In: Labour economics, Jg. 58, H. June, S. 145-166. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2018.01.005
Abstract
"This paper examines the effects of a permanent wage cost subsidy in Belgium on employment retention, working time and hourly wage of older men. To estimate these effects we propose a semi-parametric weighted difference-in-differences estimator that accounts for endogenous stratification in the sampling from a population of men born between 1941 and 1950. We find small positive short-run impacts on working time and larger ones on the retention rate in employment, but only for employees at high risk of early retirement. The wage is not affected." (Author's abstract, © 2018 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Gewünschtes und erwartetes Renteneintrittsalter in Deutschland und Europa (2018)
Zitatform
Hess, Moritz (2018): Gewünschtes und erwartetes Renteneintrittsalter in Deutschland und Europa. In: Deutsche Rentenversicherung, Jg. 73, H. 3, S. 228-242.
Abstract
"In den letzten 25 Jahren hat es in Deutschland und Europa Bemühungen auf institutioneller und betrieblicher Ebene gegeben, ältere Arbeitnehmer länger im Berufsleben zu halten und so deren Beschäftigungsquote zu erhöhen. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht die Auswirkungen dieser Reformen auf das gewünschte Renteneintrittsalter, das Alter, zu dem Ältere in Rente gehen wollen, und auf das erwartete Renteneintrittsalter, das Alter, zu dem sie realistisch glauben, dies zu tun. Die Ergebnisse, basierend auf mehreren Datensätzen (European Social Survey, Eurobarometer, Sozio-oekonomisches Panel, Deutsche Altersstudie), zeigen, dass sowohl das gewünschte als auch das erwartete zukünftige Renteneintrittsalter von älteren Arbeitnehmern in den letzten zehn Jahren gestiegen sind. Allerdings zeigen sich deutliche Unterschiede zwischen sozialen Gruppen. Während Hochqualifizierte eher glauben, ihr gewünschtes und erwartetes Renteneintrittsalter synchronisieren zu können, erwarten solche mit niedriger Bildung und geringem Einkommen, dass sie aus finanziellen Gründen länger arbeiten müssen, als sie wollen. Die Ergebnisse stützen somit Befürchtungen, dass die renten- und arbeitsmarktpolitischen Reformen zu neuer sozialer Ungleichheit beim Rentenübergang führen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Opportunity or threat? How trade union power and preferences shape occupational pensions (2018)
Keune, Maarten;Zitatform
Keune, Maarten (2018): Opportunity or threat? How trade union power and preferences shape occupational pensions. In: Social policy and administration, Jg. 52, H. 2, S. 463-476. DOI:10.1111/spol.12377
Abstract
"In this article, we discuss the role of trade unions in the evolution of occupational pensions in four countries: Austria, Belgium, Germany, and the Netherlands. In all four cases, important reforms have been made to the pension systems, including the consolidation of exten- sive occupational pensions in the Netherlands, substantial expan- sion of occupational pensions in Germany, and a continued marginal position of occupational pensions in Austria and Belgium. We show that the distinct developments in occupational pensions in the four cases since the 1990s can, to an important extent, be understood by the differences in the power resources and prefer- ences of trade unions. The influence of unions on the development of occupational pension systems depends, on the one hand, on the extent to which they see them as an opportunity or a threat, and, on the other hand, on the extent to which they have the power resources to consolidate, oppose or shape these systems." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Persönliches Erwerbstätigenkonto: internationale Modelle und Erfahrungen (2017)
Eichhorst, Werner; Fahrenholtz, Benedikt; Linckh, Carolin;Zitatform
Eichhorst, Werner (2017): Persönliches Erwerbstätigenkonto. Internationale Modelle und Erfahrungen. (IZA research report 78), Bonn, 31 S.
Abstract
"Das persönliche Erwerbstätigenkonto wird im 'Weißbuch Arbeiten 4.0' als ein Instrument zur Diskussion gestellt, welches eine erwerbsorientierte Sozialpolitik im Lebensverlauf sicherstellen und stärker auf die individuellen Bedürfnisse ausrichten könnte. Ein solches Konto könnte jedem beim Eintritt ins Erwerbsleben zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Auch wenn viele Unterschiede im Detail bestehen, insbesondere bei der Finanzierung und bei der Regelung der sogenannten 'Ziehungsrechte', ist allen Vorschlägen im Vergleich zur derzeit vorherrschenden Organisation sozialstaatlicher Leistungen das Ziel einer Erhöhung der individuellen Autonomie gemein. Das Individuum soll durch den Transfer von staatlichen Ressourcen und/oder die Unterstützung des Aufbaus eines Guthabens aus eigenen Beiträgen auf einem Konto in die Lage versetzt werden, nach eigener Einschätzung mit bestimmten, sich im Lebenslauf verändernden Anforderungen zurecht zu kommen und hierfür die verfügbaren Mittel einzusetzen. Dies kommt insbesondere zur Abfederung von Erwerbsunterbrechungen oder Phasen der Teilzeitarbeit, für eine berufliche Weiterbildung oder Neuorientierung, aber auch für einen flexibleren Übergang in den Ruhestand in Frage. Dabei können die Konten komplementär oder substitutiv zu anderen sozialstaatlichen Leistungen bestehen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Cumulative (dis)advantage? The impact of labour market policies on late career employment from a life course perspective (2015)
Zitatform
Bennett, Jenny & Katja Möhring (2015): Cumulative (dis)advantage? The impact of labour market policies on late career employment from a life course perspective. In: Journal of social policy, Jg. 44, H. 2, S. 213-233. DOI:10.1017/S0047279414000816
Abstract
"We investigate the labour market situation of older individuals in Europe in relation to their previous employment history as well as the regulations relating to employment protection legislation and early retirement. Specifically, we look at the competing risks of early retirement and late career unemployment. The central research question is whether policy effects differ according to the characteristics of an individual's previous work history. We employ data for twelve European countries from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARELIFE) and estimate multilevel regression models. The results show different mechanisms for the risks of unemployment and early retirement. Late career unemployment results from individual factors related to fragmented careers, marginal employment and short tenures. In the case of early retirement, we find the interplay of individual and policy factors to be crucial. Persons with consistent careers have an increased probability of early retirement, but only in countries with generous early retirement benefits. However, employment protection legislation appears to counteract early retirement for this group of individuals. We conclude that policy factors do not have uniform effects for older individuals, but should rather be viewed against the background of previous developments in individual career paths." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Ageing in Europe - Supporting Policies for an Inclusive Society (2015)
Börsch-Supan, Axel; Litwin, Howard; Kneip, Thorsten; Myck, Michal; Weber, Guglielmo;Zitatform
Börsch-Supan, Axel, Thorsten Kneip, Howard Litwin, Michal Myck & Guglielmo Weber (Hrsg.) (2015): Ageing in Europe - Supporting Policies for an Inclusive Society. Berlin: De Gruyter, 380 S.
Abstract
"SHARE is an international survey designed to answer the societal challenges that face us due to rapid population ageing. How do we Europeans age? How will we do economically, socially and healthwise? How are these domains interrelated? The authors of this multidisciplinary book have taken a further big step towards answering these questions based on the recent SHARE data in order to support policies for an inclusive society." (Publishers Abstract) ((en))
Weiterführende Informationen
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Literaturhinweis
Work capacity and longer working lives in Belgium (2015)
Zitatform
Jousten, Alain & Mathieu Lefebvre (2015): Work capacity and longer working lives in Belgium. (IZA discussion paper 9032), Bonn, 28 S.
Abstract
"We explore the link between health indicators and employment rates of the population aged 55 or more. Our focus lies on work capacity as a key determinant of employment. Using cohort mortality information as a proxy for overall health outcomes, we establish a substantial untapped work capacity in the population 55+. Similar results are obtained when relying on individual-level objective and subjective health and socioeconomic parameters as predictors." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Arbeitslosigkeit und Frührente älterer Personen in Europa: die Rolle von Arbeitsmarkt- und Rentenpolitik aus der Lebenslaufperspektive (2015)
Zitatform
Möhring, Katja & Jenny Bennett (2015): Arbeitslosigkeit und Frührente älterer Personen in Europa. Die Rolle von Arbeitsmarkt- und Rentenpolitik aus der Lebenslaufperspektive. In: Zeitschrift für Sozialreform, Jg. 61, H. 4, S. 379-402. DOI:10.1515/zsr-2015-0403
Abstract
"Wir untersuchen aus einer Lebenslaufperspektive die Arbeitsmarktsituation älterer Personen im internationalen Vergleich und beziehen dabei sowohl Frühverrentung als auch Arbeitslosigkeit ein. Zentrale Hypothese unserer Analyse ist, dass die Wirkung von Sozialpolitik auf die Beschäftigungschancen Älterer nicht einheitlich ist, sondern von der individuellen vorangegangenen Erwerbsbiografie abhängt. Datengrundlage ist der 'Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe', insbesondere die Lebenslaufdaten der dritten Welle (SHARELIFE, 2008/09) aus zwölf europäischen Ländern. Unsere Analysegruppe sind männliche Befragte ab 50 Jahren. Als kontextuelle Faktoren beziehen wir institutionelle Frühverrentungsanreize sowie Kündigungsschutzregelungen ein. Um Interaktionseffekte zwischen sozialpolitischen und individuellen Charakteristika zu schätzen, verwenden wir Mehrebenen-Regressionen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen unterschiedliche Mechanismen für Arbeitslosigkeit und Frührente. Unterschiede im Arbeitslosigkeitsrisiko Älterer sind vor allem auf individuelle Faktoren zurückzuführen; Personen mit vormals instabilen Erwerbsverläufen und epischer Beschäftigung sind besonders betroffen. Das Gegenteil trifft auf Frühverrentung zu: Personen mit stabilen Erwerbskarrieren in regulärer Beschäftigung weisen hierfür eine höhere Wahrscheinlichkeit auf Dieser Zusammenhang wird durch generöse Frühverrentungsmöglichkeiten zusätzlich verstärkt. Strikte Kündigungsschutzregelungen erhöhen dagegen die Beschäftigungswahrscheinlichkeit von Personen mit stabilen Erwerbsverläufen, allerdings nur, wenn die institutionalisierten Frühverrentungsanreize dem nicht entgegenwirken." (Autorenreferat, © De Gruyter)
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Literaturhinweis
Determinants of early retirement preferences in Europe: the role of grandparenthood (2013)
Zitatform
Hochman, Oshrat & Noah Lewin-Epstein (2013): Determinants of early retirement preferences in Europe. The role of grandparenthood. In: International Journal of Comparative Sociology, Jg. 54, H. 1, S. 29-47. DOI:10.1177/0020715213480977
Abstract
"Various family characteristics are acknowledged as important determinants of retirement preferences. Yet, the relevance of the third family generation - the grandchildren - has been largely overlooked. In this article we bring the association between grandparenthood and retirement preferences to the fore. We expect to find such a relationship for two main reasons: first, rising participation rates in the labor market, especially among mothers, increases the need for childcare which, in some countries, is only partially provided by the state. Second, for many people grandparenthood marks the transition to a new phase in the life-course, implying new role-identities. We thus expect grandparenthood to decrease anxieties associated with retirement and with the potential loss of one's role-identity as a working person. We test the association between grandparenthood and retirement preferences using data from the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The findings confirm that grandparenthood increases an individual's chances of looking forward to retiring early, thus supporting the claim that individuals' lives are linked to the lives of their family members. Contrary to expectations, the association of grandparenthood with retirement preferences is particularly strong in countries that provide extensive childcare support." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The transition from work to retirement (2011)
Eichhorst, Werner;Zitatform
Eichhorst, Werner (2011): The transition from work to retirement. (IZA discussion paper 5490), Bonn, 25 S.
Abstract
"The European Employment Strategy has set the goal of raising the retirement age of workers in the EU through a strategy of 'active ageing'. Yet despite some progress over the last decade, empirical data show persistent diversity across EU member states. Institutional arrangements of social and labor market policies can be seen as the core factors behind cross-national diversity. Hence, institutional change is crucial to explain structural changes. The paper tries to assess the role of supranational policy initiatives and national politicoeconomic factors in shaping the transition from work to retirement in EU member states which is still governed by the national political economy. Taking the German case as an example in point, the paper shows the dynamic interaction between policy changes, in particular in benefit systems and activation, and changes in the approach of firms and workers to early retirement. Policy changes influence actors' behavior in the medium run and open up opportunities for subsequent reforms." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Ageing and unused capacity in Europe: is there an early retirement trap? (2009)
Angelini, Viola; Brugiavini, Agar; Weber, Guglielmo;Zitatform
Angelini, Viola, Agar Brugiavini & Guglielmo Weber (2009): Ageing and unused capacity in Europe: is there an early retirement trap? In: Economic policy, Jg. 24, H. 59, S. 463-508.
Abstract
"We address the issue of how early retirement may interact with limited use of financial markets in producing financial hardship later in life, when some risks (such as long-term care) are not insured. We argue that the presence of financially attractive early retirement schemes in a world of imperfect financial and insurance markets can lead to an 'early retirement trap'. Indeed, Europe witnesses many (early) retired individuals in financial distress. In our analysis we use data on 10 European countries, which differ in their pension and welfare systems, in prevailing retirement age and in households' access to financial markets. We find evidence that an early retirement trap exists, particularly in some Southern and Central European countries: people who retired early in life are more likely to be in financial hardship in the long run. Our analysis implies that governments should stop making early retirement attractive, let retirees go back to work, improve access to financial markets and make sure long-term care problems are adequately insured." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Use and misuse of unemployment benefits for early retirement (2009)
Cremer, Helmuth; Lozachmeur, Jean-Marie; Pestieau, Pierre;Zitatform
Cremer, Helmuth, Jean-Marie Lozachmeur & Pierre Pestieau (2009): Use and misuse of unemployment benefits for early retirement. In: European journal of political economy, Jg. 25, H. 2, S. 174-185. DOI:10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2008.09.009
Abstract
"Unemployment insurance (UI) in some countries is one of the most widely used routes to early retirement. Accordingly, firms lay off elderly workers whose wages exceed their productivity. These workers then receive unemployment benefits until they enter formal retirement, even though they have effectively already exited the labor market. To persuade them into finding the deal acceptable, they quite often may also receive some additional compensation from their employers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
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Arbeitsmarkt- und beschäftigungspolitische Maßnahmen
- Gesamtbetrachtungen
- Initiativen und Kampagnen gegen Altersdiskriminierung
- Vermittlung und Beratung, Coaching
- Arbeitsbedingungen und Gesundheitsschutz
- Qualifizierung
- Subventionierung von Beschäftigung
- Lohnersatzleistungen, Bürgergeld, Arbeitslosengeld I und II
- Berufsausstieg, Übergang in Rente
- Arbeits- und Sozialrecht
- geografischer Bezug