Migration und Integration
Bei dem Thema Einwanderung nach Deutschland gilt es auch die Bedingungen einer gelingenden Integration von Zugewanderten in Gesellschaft, Bildung und Arbeit zu untersuchen. Die Arbeitsmarktforschung beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, wie die Integration in das Bildungs- und Ausbildungssystem, der Zugang zum Arbeitsmarkt sowie die Bedingungen der sozialen Teilhabe und kulturellen Integration verbessert werden können.
Aktuelle Studien zeigen zudem, dass Deutschland angesichts seiner demographischen Herausforderungen dringend auf Zuwanderung angewiesen ist. Inwiefern kann Zuwanderung der Schrumpfung und Alterung des Erwerbspersonenpotenzials entgegenwirken? Welche Entwicklungen in der nationalen und europäischen Einwanderungspolitik begünstigen die Einwanderung von Erwerbspersonen und Fachkräften? Die hier zusammengestellte Literatur bietet einen aktuellen und umfassenden Überblick über den Themenkomplex Migration und Integration.
Literatur zum Thema Flucht und Asyl finden Sie in unserer IAB-Infoplattform Fluchtmigrantinnen und -migranten - Bildung und Arbeitsmarkt.
Zurück zur Übersicht- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
- Einwanderungspolitik
- Auswirkungen von Migration
- Wanderungsmotivation und Rückwanderung
- Arbeitslosigkeit und Arbeitsmarktpolitik
- Qualifikation, Bildung und Beschäftigung
- Integration und soziale Teilhabe
- internationale Aspekte
- Personengruppen
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Literaturhinweis
How do migrants save?: evidence from the British Household Panel Survey on temporary and permanent migrants versus natives (2015)
De Arcangelis, Giuseppe; Joxhe, Majlinda;Zitatform
De Arcangelis, Giuseppe & Majlinda Joxhe (2015): How do migrants save? Evidence from the British Household Panel Survey on temporary and permanent migrants versus natives. In: IZA journal of migration, Jg. 4, S. 1-23. DOI:10.1186/s40176-015-0034-y
Abstract
"This paper investigates the saving behavior of migrants in the UK across different dimensions, i.e., comparing temporary versus permanent migrants and migrants versus natives. Established theoretical predictions show that migrants save more when they plan to stay in the destination only temporarily as target savers. Our empirical evidence takes into account the contemporaneous choice of savings and remittances. Moreover, when comparing the saving profiles of both natives and migrants, we uncover the weight of observable socio-economic characteristics other than income and wealth. We use the British Household Panel Survey for the period 1991-2008. The estimation results confirm that temporary migrants have a propensity to save 26 per cent higher than permanent migrants in UK. We also introduce an index of financial capability adjusted for income as an explanatory variable and, when employing the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition for the Tobit model of saving choice, migrants are more affected by observable social-economic characteristics than natives." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
A global view of cross-border migration (2015)
Zitatform
Di Giovanni, Julian, Andrei A. Levchenko & Francesc Ortega (2015): A global view of cross-border migration. In: Journal of the European Economic Association, Jg. 13, H. 1, S. 168-202. DOI:10.1111/jeea.12110
Abstract
"This paper evaluates the global welfare impact of observed levels of migration using a quantitative multi-sector model of the world economy calibrated to aggregate and firm-level data. Our framework features cross-country labor productivity differences, international trade, remittances, and a heterogeneous workforce. We compare welfare under the observed levels of migration to a no-migration counterfactual. In the long run, natives in countries that received a lot of migration -- such as Canada or Australia -- are better off due to greater product variety available in consumption and as intermediate inputs. In the short run, the impact of migration on average welfare in these countries is close to zero, while the skilled and unskilled natives tend to experience welfare changes of opposite signs. The remaining natives in countries with large emigration flows -- such as Jamaica or El Salvador -- are also better off due to migration, but for a different reason: remittances. The welfare impact of observed levels of migration is substantial, at about 5% to 10% for the main receiving countries and about 10% in countries with large incoming remittances." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Remittances and the wage impact of immigration (2015)
Olney, William W.;Zitatform
Olney, William W. (2015): Remittances and the wage impact of immigration. In: The Journal of Human Resources, Jg. 50, H. 3, S. 694-727. DOI:10.3368/jhr.50.3.694
Abstract
"This paper examines how the outflow of remittances affect the wages of native workers. The model shows that the wage impact of immigration depends on the competing effects of an increase in labor market competition and an increase in the consumer base. Immigrant remittances provide a unique way of isolating this latter effect because they reduce the consumer base but not the workforce. The predictions of the model are tested using an unusually rich German data set that has detailed information on remittances and wages. As expected, the results indicate that a 1 percent increase in remittances depress the wages of native workers by 0.06 percent. Furthermore, remittances predominantly affect workers in nontraded industries that are more reliant on domestic consumption." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Measuring remittances through surveys: methodological and conceptual issues for survey designers and data analysts (2014)
Zitatform
Brown, Richard, Jørgen Carling, Sonja Fransen & Melissa Siegel (2014): Measuring remittances through surveys. Methodological and conceptual issues for survey designers and data analysts. In: Demographic Research, Jg. 31, S. 1243-1274. DOI:10.4054/DemRes.2014.31.41
Abstract
"Background: The accurate measurement of migrant remittances is central to understanding both the dynamics and the consequences of migration. Empirical studies rely on survey data about remittances, which are difficult to collect in a precise and reliable form.
Objective: We explore the complexities and the challenges associated with the design of surveys on migrants' remittances, drawing upon our experiences over a number of studies in which we compiled and analysed data on migrants' remittances across a wide range of countries and contexts. Our goal is not to prescribe specific solutions, but rather to raise awareness of key methodological choices and their implications, not only among those engaged in survey design, but also among analysts who rely on data collected by others.
Methods: We specify a number of definitional, methodological, and conceptual issues the researcher must address before embarking on the task of survey and questionnaire design. These include the need to take into account the various forms that remittances may take, the different channels through which they are transferred, the parties and relationships which could be involved, and the differences in the perspectives of senders and recipients, and of individuals and households. We also examine the implications of survey issues related to the sensitivity and the reliability of responses.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that both survey designers and analysts who are relying on survey data collected by others should (1) be aware of the specific methodological choices involved in collecting survey data about remittances; and (2) set priorities that reflect (a) the substantive objective of the study, (b) the particular context at hand, and (c) the value of generating results comparable to those of surveys in other contexts." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
Do low-skilled migrants contribute more to home country income?: evidence from South Asia (2014)
Cooray, Arusha;Zitatform
Cooray, Arusha (2014): Do low-skilled migrants contribute more to home country income? Evidence from South Asia. In: The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy, Jg. 14, H. 3, S. 1185-1212. DOI:10.1515/bejeap-2013-0102
Abstract
"A recursive system is employed to investigate the indirect effect of out-migration on gross domestic product (GDP) through remittances in South Asia, namely Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Out-migration is further disaggregated by skill level and country of destination (Middle East and other), and their effects on GDP through remittances are examined. The results suggest that migration and remittances have an important significant effect on the GDP of the countries under study. Of the skill categories, the unskilled category has the largest robust indirect effect on GDP. The effects of migration on GDP by country of destination suggest that migration to the Middle East has a robust and significant impact on GDP. There is some evidence of a combination between the altruistic and self-interested motives of migrants' to remit." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Evidence on policies to increase the development impacts of international migration (2014)
McKenzie, David; Yang, Dean;Zitatform
McKenzie, David & Dean Yang (2014): Evidence on policies to increase the development impacts of international migration. (CReAM discussion paper 2014,38), London, 50 S.
Abstract
"International migration offers individuals and their families the potential to experience immediate and large gains in their incomes, and offers a large number of other positive benefits to the sending communities and countries. However, there are also concerns about potential costs of migration, including concerns about trafficking and human rights, a desire for remittances to be used more effectively, and concerns about externalities from skilled workers being lost. As a result there is increasing interest in policies which can enhance the development benefits of international migration and mitigate these potential costs. We provide a critical review of recent research on the effectiveness of these policies at three stages of the migration process: pre-departure, during migration, and directed towards possible return. The existing evidence base suggests some areas of policy success: bilateral migration agreements for countries whose workers have few other migration options, developing new savings and remittance products that allow migrants more control over how their money is used, and some efforts to provide financial education to migrants and their families. Suggestive evidence together with theory offers support for a number of other policies, such as lowering the cost of remittances, reducing passport costs, offering dual citizenship, and removing exit barriers to migration. Research offers reasons to be cautious about some policies such as enforcing strong rights for migrants like high minimum wages. Nevertheless, we find the evidence base to be weak for many policies, with no reliable research on the impact of most return migration programs, nor for whether countries should be trying to induce communal remitting through matching funds." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Ukrainian labour migration and remittances in the Czech Republic (2014)
Strielkowski, Wadim; Weyskrabova, Blanka;Zitatform
Strielkowski, Wadim & Blanka Weyskrabova (2014): Ukrainian labour migration and remittances in the Czech Republic. In: Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie. Journal of Economic and Social Geography, Jg. 105, H. 1, S. 30-45. DOI:10.1111/tesg.12052
Abstract
"Our paper analyses Ukrainian migration and remittances in the Czech Republic using the data from a Ukrainian Migration Project (UMP) survey. Due to its advantageous geographical location in the heart of Europe, the Czech Republic attracts the considerable part of foreign labour among all Central and Eastern European countries (CEE), with Ukrainian workers being the largest group. Our results reveal that the main determinants of Ukrainian labour migration in the Czech Republic are demographic and economic, while the human capital turns out to be insignificant. We also find that the majority of the remittances earned in the Czech Republic go to the construction of houses in Ukraine. Our findings of determinants and motives of migration and remittances might help policy-makers on both sides of the migration corridor to formulate proper policies aiming at enhancing the Ukrainian remittance transfers from CEECs and ameliorating the quality of life in Ukraine." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Intra-EU migration from Slovakia: an evaluation of new economics of labour migration and migrant networks theories (2013)
Zitatform
Bahna, Miloslav (2013): Intra-EU migration from Slovakia. An evaluation of new economics of labour migration and migrant networks theories. In: European Societies, Jg. 15, H. 3, S. 388-407. DOI:10.1080/14616696.2012.707669
Abstract
"This paper focuses on migration from Slovakia in the context of migration from the 10 countries which became European Union members in May 2004. While on the aggregate level these migration flows confirm the basic assumptions of the neoclassic migration theory, this study tests if insights from the new economics of labour migration (NELM) and migrant network theory are confirmed by those movements. Contrary to Mexico US migration, such theory evaluation is rather rare in European migration research which is probably caused by the requirement of detailed and reliable datasets. We try to overcome this inconvenience by using Labour Force Survey data. Those data include the necessary information about the households of migrants that can be used to test for predicted interactions. We show on post 2004 labour migration from Slovakia that foreign employment of a household member creates remittance flows and, as expected by the NELM theory, improves the income situation of the household. However, remittances are produced only if the migrating household members are in the position of parents. This finding has consequences for remittance estimations as most of the post accession migration are single young migrants. The existence of intra- and trans-generational migrant networks is also confirmed by our multivariate analysis. While both types of network effects are gender specific, the gender factor seems to be stronger in the case of transgenerational networks. Besides the strong and significant influence of networks that increase the odds of migration to a destination where migrant family members are present, we found preliminary evidence of a 'culture of migration' in the households of migrants." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Migration from the Eastern Partnership Countries to the European Union - options for a better future: costs and benefits of labour mobility between the EU and the Eastern Partnership Countries. Final report (2013)
Zitatform
Barbone, Luca, Martin Kahanec, Lucia Kureková & Klaus F. Zimmermann (2013): Migration from the Eastern Partnership Countries to the European Union - options for a better future. Costs and benefits of labour mobility between the EU and the Eastern Partnership Countries. Final report. (IZA research report 55), Bonn, 46 S.
Abstract
"This study presents a summary of the findings and recommendations stemming from the project entitled 'Costs and Benefits of Labour Mobility between the EU and the Eastern Partnership Countries' for the European Commission (...). In this Final Paper, we first summarize the evidence on costs and benefits of migration specifically for EaP and EU countries. We find that (i) the balance of costs and benefits is positive for both sending and receiving countries; (ii) costs can be reduced, and benefits maximized, by the use of appropriate policies that facilitate mobility and integration of migrants and their families, and that help manage the economic consequences of large remittance flows; (iii) labour migrants from the EaP countries could help the member states of the European Union to fill skills gaps at all levels over the next few years, as the demographic transition intensifies in Europe. As a result of the analysis and findings of this project, we propose a gradual liberalisation of mobility between the European Union and the Eastern Partnership countries as a first-best policy alternative." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Labour migration and social networks participation in southern mozambique (2013)
Gallego, Juan M.; Mendola, Mariapia;Zitatform
Gallego, Juan M. & Mariapia Mendola (2013): Labour migration and social networks participation in southern mozambique. In: Economica, Jg. 80, H. 320, S. 721-759. DOI:10.1111/ecca.12031
Abstract
"This paper investigates how social networks in poor developing settings are affected by migration. Using a unique household survey from southern Mozambique, we test the role of labour mobility in shaping participation in groups and interhousehold cooperation by migrant-sending households in village economies at origin. We find that migration cum remittances boosts household engagement in community-based social networks. Our findings are robust to alternative definitions of social interaction and to endogeneity concerns, suggesting that stable migration ties and higher income stability through remittances may decrease participation constraints and increase household commitment in cooperative arrangements in migrant-sending communities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Remittances and occupational outcomes of the household members left-behind (2013)
Zitatform
Piracha, Matloob, Teresa Randazzo & Florin Vadean (2013): Remittances and occupational outcomes of the household members left-behind. (IZA discussion paper 7582), Bonn, 25 S.
Abstract
"This paper analyses the role of remittances and migration on the occupational outcomes of the household members left behind in Tajikistan. Using the control function approach, we show that, contrary to some existing evidence, there is no 'dependency' effect of remittances. Our results show that remittances received by households in Tajikistan have an important contribution to generate employment opportunities for those remaining in the country. This is likely to have a positive impact on the growth and development in Tajikistan. The results obtained are likely to have policy implications for other developing countries as well." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Remittances and migration intentions of the left-behind (2013)
Zitatform
Piracha, Matloob & Amrita Saraogi (2013): Remittances and migration intentions of the left-behind. (IZA discussion paper 7779), Bonn, 39 S.
Abstract
"Migration and the consequent flow of remittances are like a double-edged sword; while keeping many out of poverty, they can also result in further brain drain and demographic imbalance for the country. Using a large household survey data from Moldova and employing simultaneous equations model we show that there exists a dual causality between receipt of remittances by non-migrants and their migration intentions. Moreover, we add a novel element to the empirical literature by being the first to be able to specify the mechanism behind the link between remittances and migration. We find evidence that remittances not only relieve credit constraints in the home country but also act as a signalling device of success in the host country. These results provide a fresh outlook on the role of remittances in shaping migration flows in the migrant sending countries." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Barriers for successful capitalization on returning migrants: international comparative working paper (2013)
Schroth, Jan;Zitatform
Schroth, Jan (2013): Barriers for successful capitalization on returning migrants. International comparative working paper. Leipzig, 21 S.
Abstract
"The International comparative working paper on barriers for successful capitalization of returning migrants has been conducted by IOM International Organization for Migration in Prague.
The paper summarizes the activities and outputs of the research phase of the Re-Turn project, to give useful recommendations for the realization of the different pilot actions. In particular, the outcomes of the paper are focused on the identification of barriers and the needs for policy intervention. In summary it helps to answer these crucial questions:
- What problems do returnees face?
- What barriers make return migration difficult?
- What can we learn for the project's WP4 activities (development of tools, methods and service concepts for supporting capitalization on return migration) and for policy measures in general?
- How can we help return migrants and businesses in home regions?" (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
Gender, educational attainment, and the impact of parental migration on children left behind (2012)
Antman, Francisca M.;Zitatform
Antman, Francisca M. (2012): Gender, educational attainment, and the impact of parental migration on children left behind. In: Journal of population economics, Jg. 25, H. 4, S. 1187-1214. DOI:10.1007/s00148-012-0423-y
Abstract
"Estimation of the causal effect of parental migration on children's educational attainment is complicated by the fact that migrants and nonmigrants are likely to differ in unobservable ways that also affect children's educational outcomes. This paper suggests a novel way of addressing this selection problem by looking within the family to exploit variation in siblings' ages at the time of parental migration. The basic assumption underlying the analysis is that parental migration will have no effect on the educational outcomes of children who are at least 20 years old because they have already completed their education. Their younger siblings, in contrast, may still be in school, and thus will be affected by the parental migration experience. The results point to a statistically significant positive effect of paternal US migration on education for girls, suggesting that pushing a father's US migration earlier in his daughter's life can lead to an increase in her educational attainment of up to 1 year relative to delaying migration until after she has turned 20 years old. In contrast, paternal domestic migration has no statistically significant effect on educational attainment for girls or boys, suggesting that father absence does not play a major role in determining children's educational outcomes. Instead, these results suggest that the marginal dollars from US migrant remittances appear to enable families to further educate their daughters. Thus, policymakers should view international migration as a potential pathway by which families raise educational attainments of girls in particular." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The macroeconomic impact of remittances: a sending country perspective (2012)
Zitatform
Baas, Timo & Silvia Maja Melzer (2012): The macroeconomic impact of remittances. A sending country perspective. (Norface migration discussion paper 2012-21), London, 30 S.
Abstract
"Using data for Germany, we analyze the impact of migration and remittances by developing an open-economy general equilibrium model with heterogeneous households. Within the model, the flows of remittances depend on the altruism of households. Households with higher altruism coefficient derive a higher utility from consumption of distant household members. Estimating the interrelation between household characteristic and remittances, we are able to derive altruism coefficients for different types of households. Applying the coefficients to our model, we show that remittances affect the macroeconomy primarily through the real exchange rate channel. Stronger remittances outflows depreciate the real exchange rate and give incentives to reallocate resources from the non-tradable towards tradable goods sectors. In the case of Germany, this translates into a converse dutch disease phenomenon." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Synthesis report: Supply of remigrants and demand of businesses (2012)
Borsic, Darja; Pasic, Polona;Zitatform
Borsic, Darja & Polona Pasic (2012): Synthesis report: Supply of remigrants and demand of businesses. Leipzig, 20 S.
Abstract
"The Synthesis Report on Supply of remigrants and demand of businesses brings together results from different activities that were carried out in the analytical part of the Re-Turn project. As information on the phenomenon of return migration is not available from census data or public registries, an online survey was conducted among emigrants and returned migrants from Central European countries. The survey results were then mirrored in a series of workshops with returned migrants in the Re-Turn case study regions.
The overall aim of the Re-Turn project is to provide original knowledge to 'home regions' about efficient ways of capitalizing on return migration. Therefore, also a look on the local labour demand was necessary. Methodologically, we gathered information through expert interviews with representatives of local businesses as well as business intermediaries (e.g. labour office representatives, chambers of trade and commerce, business associations etc.). Additionally, a set of feedback workshops was organized in the Re-Turn case study regions, during which other business representatives commented and discussed the former interview results. A final conclusion discusses the findings and derives some recommendations for the further pilot activities in the Re-Turn project." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
Migrants' international transfers and educational expenditure: empirical evidence from Albania (2012)
Cattaneo, Cristina;Zitatform
Cattaneo, Cristina (2012): Migrants' international transfers and educational expenditure. Empirical evidence from Albania. In: Economics of Transition, Jg. 20, H. 1, S. 163-193. DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0351.2011.00414.x
Abstract
"The primary objective of this article is to cast some light upon the relationship between education expenditure and the volume of remittances sent to Albania from abroad by international migrants. To assess the existence of an education enhancing effect of remittances, an Engel curve framework is used. In addition, quintile regression analysis is employed to investigate whether migrants' remittances have a differentiated effect on various quantiles of the conditional distribution of education consumption. The two main empirical findings are that household income has a positive and well-determined impact on education expenditure, whereas international transfers do not influence education spending." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Split decisions: family finance when a policy discontinuity allocates overseas work (2012)
Zitatform
Clemens, Michael A. & Erwin Tiongson (2012): Split decisions. Family finance when a policy discontinuity allocates overseas work. (IZA discussion paper 7028), Bonn, 52 S.
Abstract
"Labor markets are increasingly global. Overseas work can enrich households but also split them geographically, with ambiguous net effects on decisions about work, investment, and education. These net effects, and their mechanisms, are poorly understood. We study a policy discontinuity in the Philippines that resulted in quasi-random assignment of temporary, partial-household migration to high-wage jobs in Korea. This allows unusually reliable measurement of the reduced-form effect of these overseas jobs on migrant households. A purpose-built survey allows non-experimental tests of different theoretical mechanisms for the reduced-form effect. We also explore how reliably the reduced-form effect could be measured with standard observational estimators. We find large effects on spending, borrowing, and human capital investment, but no effects on saving or entrepreneurship. Remittances appear to overwhelm household splitting as a causal mechanism." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Quantifying the impact of highly-skilled emigration on developing countries (2012)
Docquier, Frédéric; Rapoport, Hillel;Zitatform
Docquier, Frédéric & Hillel Rapoport (2012): Quantifying the impact of highly-skilled emigration on developing countries. In: T. Boeri, H. Brücker, F. Docquier & H. Rapoport (Hrsg.) (2012): Brain drain and brain gain : the global competition to attract high-skilled migrants, S. 209-296.
Abstract
"Part II first provides (in Chapter 8) a quantitative assessment of the evolution and spatial distribution of the brain drain using updated data an emigration rates to the OECD by educational attainment. We expand the coverage of the database by introducing non-OECD host countries, study the age of entry structure of skilled emigration, and document the brain drain of scientists and of health-care professionals. In Chapter 9 we review the channels through which skilled emigration can affect the source countries. In particular, recent literature suggests that remittances, return migration, diaspora externalities, and network effects favouring international transactions and technology diffusion, as well as brain gain channels, may compensate the sending countries for their loss of human capital. We divide these channels into 'human capital', 'screening-selection', 'productivity', and 'institutional' channels, and also analyse the links between brain drain and remittances. The development of a simple partial equilibrium model allows us to combine these various channels in an integrated setting. Using numerical experiments and parameters taken from existing empirical studies, we then quantify the costs and gains of the brain drain for developing countries and analyse how these balance out." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Remittances, migrants' education and immigration policy: theory and evidence from bilateral data (2012)
Docquier, Frederic; Salomone, Sara; Rapoport, Hillel;Zitatform
Docquier, Frederic, Hillel Rapoport & Sara Salomone (2012): Remittances, migrants' education and immigration policy. Theory and evidence from bilateral data. In: Regional science and urban economics, Jg. 42, H. 5, S. 817-828. DOI:10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2012.06.001
Abstract
"We investigate the relationship between remittances and migrants' education both theoretically and empirically, using original bilateral remittance data. At a theoretical level we lay out a model of remittances interacting migrants' human capital with two dimensions of immigration policy: restrictiveness, and selectivity. The model predicts that the relationship between remittances and migrants' education is ambiguous and depends on the immigration policy conducted at destination. The effect of education is more likely to be positive when the immigration policy is more restrictive and less skill-selective. These predictions are then tested empirically using bilateral remittance and migration data and proxy measures for the restrictiveness and selectivity of immigration policies at destination. The results strongly support the theoretical analysis, suggesting that immigration policies determine the sign and magnitude of the relationship between remittances and migrants' education." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Aspekt zurücksetzen
- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
- Einwanderungspolitik
- Auswirkungen von Migration
- Wanderungsmotivation und Rückwanderung
- Arbeitslosigkeit und Arbeitsmarktpolitik
- Qualifikation, Bildung und Beschäftigung
- Integration und soziale Teilhabe
- internationale Aspekte
- Personengruppen