Migration und Integration
Bei dem Thema Einwanderung nach Deutschland gilt es auch die Bedingungen einer gelingenden Integration von Zugewanderten in Gesellschaft, Bildung und Arbeit zu untersuchen. Die Arbeitsmarktforschung beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, wie die Integration in das Bildungs- und Ausbildungssystem, der Zugang zum Arbeitsmarkt sowie die Bedingungen der sozialen Teilhabe und kulturellen Integration verbessert werden können.
Aktuelle Studien zeigen zudem, dass Deutschland angesichts seiner demographischen Herausforderungen dringend auf Zuwanderung angewiesen ist. Inwiefern kann Zuwanderung der Schrumpfung und Alterung des Erwerbspersonenpotenzials entgegenwirken? Welche Entwicklungen in der nationalen und europäischen Einwanderungspolitik begünstigen die Einwanderung von Erwerbspersonen und Fachkräften? Die hier zusammengestellte Literatur bietet einen aktuellen und umfassenden Überblick über den Themenkomplex Migration und Integration.
Literatur zum Thema Flucht und Asyl finden Sie in unserer IAB-Infoplattform Fluchtmigrantinnen und -migranten - Bildung und Arbeitsmarkt.
Zurück zur Übersicht- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
- Einwanderungspolitik
- Auswirkungen von Migration
- Wanderungsmotivation und Rückwanderung
- Arbeitslosigkeit und Arbeitsmarktpolitik
- Qualifikation, Bildung und Beschäftigung
- Integration und soziale Teilhabe
- internationale Aspekte
- Personengruppen
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Literaturhinweis
Distributing the Green (Cards): permanent residency and the income tax after the immigration reform and control act of 1986 (2018)
Zitatform
Cascio, Elizabeth U. & Ethan G. Lewis (2018): Distributing the Green (Cards). Permanent residency and the income tax after the immigration reform and control act of 1986. (NBER working paper 24872), Cambrige, Mass., 60 S. DOI:10.3386/w24872
Abstract
"We explore how permanent residency affects the income tax using variation from the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 (IRCA), which authorized the largest U.S. amnesty to date. We exploit the timing and geographic unevenness of IRCA's legalization programs alongside newly digitized data on the income tax in California, home to the majority of applicants. Green Cards induced the previously unauthorized to file state income tax returns at rates comparable to other California residents. While the new returns generated little additional revenue through the end of the 1990s, they did raise the earnings of families with children through new claims of the federal Earned Income Tax Credit." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Race and economic opportunity in the United States: an intergenerational perspective (2018)
Zitatform
Chetty, Raj, Nathaniel Hendren, Maggie R. Jones & Sonya R. Porter (2018): Race and economic opportunity in the United States. An intergenerational perspective. (NBER working paper 24441), Cambrige, Mass., 107 S. DOI:10.3386/w24441
Abstract
"We study the sources of racial and ethnic disparities in income using de-identified longitudinal data covering nearly the entire U.S. population from 1989-2015. We document three sets of results. First, the intergenerational persistence of disparities varies substantially across racial groups. For example, Hispanic Americans are moving up significantly in the income distribution across generations because they have relatively high rates of intergenerational income mobility. In contrast, black Americans have substantially lower rates of upward mobility and higher rates of downward mobility than whites, leading to large income disparities that persist across generations. Conditional on parent income, the black-white income gap is driven entirely by large differences in wages and employment rates between black and white men; there are no such differences between black and white women. Second, differences in family characteristics such as parental marital status, education, and wealth explain very little of the black-white income gap conditional on parent income. Differences in ability also do not explain the patterns of intergenerational mobility we document. Third, the black-white gap persists even among boys who grow up in the same neighborhood. Controlling for parental income, black boys have lower incomes in adulthood than white boys in 99% of Census tracts. Both black and white boys have better outcomes in low-poverty areas, but black-white gaps are larger on average for boys who grow up in such neighborhoods. The few areas in which black-white gaps are relatively small tend to be low-poverty neighborhoods with low levels of racial bias among whites and high rates of father presence among blacks. Black males who move to such neighborhoods earlier in childhood earn more and are less likely to be incarcerated. However, fewer than 5% of black children grow up in such environments. These findings suggest that reducing the black-white income gap will require efforts whose impacts cross neighborhood and class lines and increase upward mobility specifically for black men." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Introduction to a Special Issue on the Impact of Immigrant Legalization Initiatives: International Perspectives on Immigration and the World of Work (2018)
Zitatform
Cook, Maria Lorena, Shannon Gleeson, Kati L. Griffith & Lawrence M. Kahn (2018): Introduction to a Special Issue on the Impact of Immigrant Legalization Initiatives. International Perspectives on Immigration and the World of Work. In: ILR review, Jg. 71, H. 4, S. 807-822. DOI:10.1177/0019793918775362
Abstract
"This article is the third in a series to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the ILR Review. The series features articles that analyze the state of research and future directions for important themes the journal has featured over its many years of publication. In this issue, we also feature a special cluster of articles and book reviews on one of the most critical labor market issues across the globe -- the legalization and integration of immigrants into national labor markets. Despite the urgent need for immigration reform in the United States, there is a paucity of US research that looks at the impact of a shift from unauthorized to legal immigrant status in the workplace. The US immigration literature has also paid little attention to immigrant legalization policies outside of the United States, despite the fact that other countries have implemented such policies with far more regularity. The articles in this special issue draw on studies of legalization initiatives in major immigrant destinations: Canada, Italy, and the United Kingdom. Together they underscore the importance of cross-national perspectives for understanding the range of legalization programs and their impact on immigrant workers, the workplace, and the labor market. These findings contribute to key questions in migration scholarship and inform the global policy debate surrounding the integration and well-being of immigrants." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The economic effects of refugee return (2018)
Dadush, Uri;Zitatform
Dadush, Uri (2018): The economic effects of refugee return. In: Economics. The open-access, open-assessment e-journal, Jg. 12, S. 1-17. DOI:10.5018/economics-ejournal.ja.2018-33
Abstract
"The recent surge in the number of forcibly displaced persons who cross international borders in search of protection has prompted interest in evaluating policies that achieve the possible 'end points' of the phenomenon. These are the integration of the forcibly displaced persons in the country of destination, relocation in a third country, and return to the country of origin. The focus of this paper is on the third aspect, and more specifically on the appropriateness of return policy viewed from an economic perspective. Although the vast majority of forcibly displaced people is found in developing countries, the object of this paper are the return policies of advanced countries." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: Economics. Discussion papers , 2018-22 -
Literaturhinweis
Job characteristics and labor market discrimination in promotions (2018)
Zitatform
Devaro, Jed, Suman Ghosh & Cindy Zoghi (2018): Job characteristics and labor market discrimination in promotions. In: Industrial relations, Jg. 57, H. 3, S. 389-434. DOI:10.1111/irel.12211
Abstract
"We extend promotion signaling theory to generate new testable implications concerning racial differences in promotions. In our model, promotions signal worker ability. When tasks differ substantially across job levels, the opportunity cost of not promoting qualified non-whites/non-Asians is large, so employers are less likely to inefficiently withhold their promotions. Thus, given prepromotion performance, the extent to which non-whites/non-Asians have lower promotion probabilities decreases when tasks vary more across levels. Racial differences in wage increases at promotion diminish when tasks vary more across levels. Evidence from a single firm's personnel records supports the model's predictions concerning promotion probabilities." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Shaping labour migration to Italy: the role of labour market institutions (2018)
Devitt, Camilla;Zitatform
Devitt, Camilla (2018): Shaping labour migration to Italy. The role of labour market institutions. In: Journal of modern Italian studies, Jg. 23, H. 3, S. 274-292. DOI:10.1080/1354571X.2018.1459408
Abstract
"This article critically examines the existing explanations for the initiation and perpetuation of labour migration to Italy between the 1970s and early 2000s and highlights the role of labour market institutions in shaping demand for migrant labour. It posits that the institutions governing the labour market in Italy have contributed to creating demand for migrant workers first by generating a significant amount of low-standard employment and second by producing massive obstacles and disincentives to the labour market participation of the domestic supply of labour." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Family unification, siblings, and skills (2018)
Duleep, Harriet Orcutt; Regets, Mark;Zitatform
Duleep, Harriet Orcutt & Mark Regets (2018): Family unification, siblings, and skills. (GLO discussion paper / Global Labor Organization 271), Maastricht, 38 S.
Abstract
"Recently proposed immigration reforms would constitute a major break in the 40-year-old U.S. admissions policy favoring family members. Although emphasizing the importance of the nuclear family, the U.S. Commission on Immigration Reform and a house subcommittee on immigration recommend eliminating immigration preferences to other close relatives, including the brothers, sisters, and adult children of U.S. citizens. Under the proposed system, those relatives could not obtain U.S. visas unless they qualified because of specific job skills. Using Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) data on admissions criteria matched to 1990 Census data, we examine the effect of family admissions on immigrant education, self-employment, and earnings. Of particular relevance to the current debate, we also examine the effect of one of the family-based admission categories recommended for elimination -- the preference category that admits the siblings of U.S. citizens. We find that family-based immigrants, in general, have low initial earnings but high earnings growth relative to immigrants admitted on the basis of occupational skills. The earnings growth of immigrants is particularly high in cohorts with relatively high sibling admissions. Furthermore, sibling admissions are positively associated with immigrant self-employment. We also find that immigrant education levels are positively associated with sibling admissions and that the flows of occupation-based immigrants and immigrants admitted under the sibling category are intimately connected, particularly for immigrants from regions of the world where economic opportunities are limited for highly educated individuals. The results on earnings growth, self-employment, and education suggest that eliminating the sibling category may be counterproductive. More generally, the paper adds to our basic knowledge about the complex interactions of admission categories, human capital investment, and earnings growth." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
2017 annual report on intra-EU labour mobility: Final Report Second edition September 2018 (2018)
Fries-Tersch, Elena; Bradley, Harriet; Rossi, Ludovica; Tugran, Tugce;Zitatform
Fries-Tersch, Elena, Tugce Tugran, Ludovica Rossi & Harriet Bradley (2018): 2017 annual report on intra-EU labour mobility. Final Report Second edition September 2018. (... annual report on intra-EU labour mobility / European Commission), Luxembourg, 250 S. DOI:10.2767/077683
Abstract
"This report provides an annually updated picture of intra-EU labor mobility in the EU. It presents an overview of stocks and flows of all and of active EU movers of working age using the most up-to-date EU-wide comparable data. Therefore, the report identifies main countries of destination and of origin and identifies major changes compared to previous years in the Member States. Like every year, the report looks at the situation of movers on the labor market, by comparing indicators such as employment rates, occupations, sectors of activity, education, over-qualification between different groups of movers, to nationals in the country of residence and over time. Furthermore, the report addresses a variety of specific topics, that differ from year to year, depending on current developments and policy needs. This year, the report specifically looks at the gender dimension of mobility, language and other barriers to cross-border mobility in neighboring regions; and at the mobility of health professionals." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Shifting vulnerabilities: gender and reproductive care on the migrant trail to Europe (2018)
Grotti, Vanessa; Malakasis, Cynthia; Sahraoui, Nina; Quagliariello, Chiara;Zitatform
Grotti, Vanessa, Cynthia Malakasis, Chiara Quagliariello & Nina Sahraoui (2018): Shifting vulnerabilities: gender and reproductive care on the migrant trail to Europe. In: Comparative Migration Studies, Jg. 6, S. 1-18. DOI:10.1186/s40878-018-0089-z
Abstract
"The reproductive care of pregnant migrants entering the European Union via its Mediterranean borders represents an under-examined topic, despite a growing scholarly emphasis on female migrants and the gendered aspects of migration in the past three decades. This article uses ethnographic data gathered in Greece, Italy, and Spain to examine pregnant migrants' experiences of crossing, first reception, and reproductive care. We discuss our findings through the conceptual lens of vulnerability, which we understand as a shifting and relational condition attributed to, or dynamically endorsed by, migrant patients within given social contexts and encounters. We focus on two principal aspects of migrant women's experiences. First, we shed light on their profiles, their journeys to Europe via the three main Mediterranean routes, and the conditions of first reception. Through ethnographic vignettes we examine the diverse ways in which pregnant migrants become vulnerable within these contexts. Second, we turn to the reproductive healthcare they receive in EU borderlands. We explore how declinations of ideas of vulnerability shape the medical encounter between healthcare professionals and migrant women and how vulnerability is dynamically used or contested by migrant patients to engage in meaningful social relations in unpredictable and unstable borderlands." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Anti-migration as a threat to internationalization?: a review of the migration-internationalization literature (2018)
Zitatform
Hatzigeorgiou, Andreas & Magnus Lodefalk (2018): Anti-migration as a threat to internationalization? A review of the migration-internationalization literature. (GLO discussion paper 287), Maastricht, 32 S.
Abstract
"Does anti-migration sentiment threaten internationalization? One major pro-Brexit argument was that it would enable more control over immigration. The most recent US presidential election also focused on immigration. Anti-migration sentiment could be a threat to internationalization, given that migrants can help lower the costs of internationalization. Since trade contributes to economic growth, this could, in turn, impede economic development. Despite extensive literature on the migration-trade nexus, there are few examples of policymakers highlighting the role of migration for internationalization. One possible explanation is the absence of an accessible survey of the available theory and evidence on this relationship, and this article intends to bridge the gap. We review and discuss over 100 papers published on the subject, from pioneering country-level studies to nascent firm-level studies that utilize employer-employee data. To our knowledge, this is the first paper offering a wide-ranging review of the different strands of theory on the relationship between migration and internationalization, as well as new empirical findings. Although the evidence suggests that migration can facilitate internationalization we also note substantial gaps and inconsistencies in the extant literature. The aim of this article is to encourage future research and assist policymakers in their efforts to promote internationalization." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Migration und Integration: Eine Einführung (2018)
Hoesch, Kirsten;Zitatform
Hoesch, Kirsten (2018): Migration und Integration. Eine Einführung. Wiesbaden: Springer VS, 373 S. DOI:10.1007/978-3-658-09736-3
Abstract
"Ziel dieses Lehrbuches ist es, einen breit angelegten Überblick über die Themen 'internationale Migration' und 'Integration' sowie ihre Triebfedern und politische Gestaltung auf drei Ebenen zu geben: einer abstrakten konzeptionellen, einer international vergleichenden sowie der Ebene der Migrations- und Integrationspolitik in Deutschland. Dabei wird das Migrationsgeschehen aus der Perspektive der zentralen Akteure analysiert, nämlich der Migranten selbst, der aufnehmenden und entsendenden Staaten sowie der nicht-staatlichen Akteure (Unternehmen, Zivilgesellschaft, Netzwerke). Das Augenmerk gilt dabei den jeweiligen Motivationen der Akteure, ihren Interessen und Handlungslogiken sowie Faktoren, die diese beeinflussen. Zwei Leitgedanken bilden die Hintergrundfolie dieser Einführung: Zum einen besteht eine besondere Herausforderung bei der Auseinandersetzung mit Migrationsthemen darin, dass diese regelmäßig in öffentlichen Debatten auftauchen und stark emotional aufgeladen als politische Kampfbegriffe verwendet werden (z.B. 'Multikulti', 'Parallelgesellschaft'). Die Entkopplung dieser Begriffe von ihren wissenschaftlichen Bedeutungen wird in der Darstellung reflektiert. Zum anderen zieht sich der Grundgedanke durch das Buch, dass nur im Abgleich mit 'dem Anderen' die Eigenheiten und blinden Flecken der eigenen Sicht erkennbar werden. Der internationale Vergleich ermöglicht es, vermeintlich Selbstverständliches als gar nicht so Selbstverständlich zu enttarnen und neue Perspektiven zu eröffnen sowie bestimmte Muster zu identifizieren." (Verlagsangaben)
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Literaturhinweis
Economic integration of skilled migrants in Japan: the role of employment practices (2018)
Zitatform
Holbrow, Hilary J. & Kikuko Nagayoshi (2018): Economic integration of skilled migrants in Japan. The role of employment practices. In: International migration review, Jg. 52, H. 2, S. 458-486. DOI:10.1177/0197918318781587
Abstract
"Scholars argue that institutional arrangements shape migrants' economic integration trajectories, and yet few studies empirically substantiate this. This study identifies employment institutions in Japan that affect skilled foreign workers. We demonstrate that practices ostensibly introduced to benefit these workers are associated with lower pay, after adjusting for human capital and firm characteristics. High levels of gender inequality also severely disadvantage female skilled migrants. These findings demonstrate that in the Japanese case, detrimental employment institutions often cancel out skilled foreign workers' returns to human capital. The results may explain why Japan has failed to attract and retain more skilled migrants." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Migration as an adjustment mechanism in the crisis?: a comparison of Europe and the United States 2006-2016 (2018)
Jauer, Julia; Liebig, Thomas; Martin, John P.; Puhani, Patrick A.;Zitatform
Jauer, Julia, Thomas Liebig, John P. Martin & Patrick A. Puhani (2018): Migration as an adjustment mechanism in the crisis? A comparison of Europe and the United States 2006-2016. (CReAM discussion paper 2018,03), London, 26 S.
Abstract
"We estimate whether migration can be an equilibrating force in the labour market by comparing pre- and post-crisis migration movements at the regional level in both Europe and the United States, and their association with asymmetric labour market shocks. Based on fixed-effects regressions using regional panel data, we find that Europe's migratory response to unemployment shocks was almost identical to that recorded in the United States after the crisis. Our estimates suggest that, if all measured population changes in Europe were due to migration for employment purposes - i.e. an upper-bound estimate - up to about a quarter of the asymmetric labour market shock would be absorbed by migration within a year. However, in Europe and especially in the Eurozone, the reaction to a very large extent stems from migration of recent EU accession country citizens as well as of third-country nationals." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Immigrants in the labour markets of France and the United Kingdom: integration models, institutional variations, and ethnic inequalities (2018)
Kesler, Christel; Safi, Mirna;Zitatform
Kesler, Christel & Mirna Safi (2018): Immigrants in the labour markets of France and the United Kingdom. Integration models, institutional variations, and ethnic inequalities. In: Migration studies, Jg. 6, H. 2, S. 225-250. DOI:10.1093/migration/mnx042
Abstract
"Theories of immigrant integration and political-economic institutions starkly contrast the contemporary labour markets of France and the United Kingdom (UK). We draw out predictions from these theories and then, using Labour Force Surveys that we harmonize ourselves, we empirically examine inequalities that immigrants of disadvantaged minority origins face in labour force participation, employment, and earnings in the two societies. The UK labour market attracts immigrants who have a larger skills advantage over natives. Nevertheless, we find inequalities of strikingly similar magnitude in the two labour markets. In the UK, barriers to labour force participation are paramount, whereas in France, barriers to employment among active job-seekers are more important. Earnings inequalities are less significant in both countries. Overall, we conclude that barriers to opportunity are largely similar in the two countries for immigrants of disadvantaged minority origins." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Perspectives in immigration policy reform: towards a general typology of labour migration schemes (2018)
Kolb, Holger;Zitatform
Kolb, Holger (2018): Perspectives in immigration policy reform. Towards a general typology of labour migration schemes. In: ifo DICE report, Jg. 16, H. 1, S. 24-27.
Abstract
"After having been disregarded by German politicians for some time, labour migration issues regained new prominence in the run-up to the 2017 election of the German Bundestag. The question of how to organise the screening and selection processes of non-nationals seeking to immigrate to Germany for the purpose of gainful employment played an important role during the election campaigns and encouraged two political parties to draft their own immigration acts. Both acts are almost exclusively focused on labour migration issues." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Integration of refugees in Austria, Germany and Sweden: Comparative analysis (2018)
Konle-Seidl, Regina;Zitatform
Konle-Seidl, Regina (2018): Integration of refugees in Austria, Germany and Sweden. Comparative analysis. Brüssel, 60 S.
Abstract
"This note presents a comparative analysis of policies and practices to facilitate the labour market integration of beneficiaries of international protection in the main destination countries of asylum seekers in 2015/2016, namely Austria, Germany and Sweden. It focuses on the development of policy strategies to adapt the asylum and integration system to the high numbers of new arrivals. Special attention is given to the political discourse and public opinion on asylum and integration of refugees. Innovative approaches with respect to labour market integration are highlighted as well as gaps. Finally, the study includes lessons learned from recent policy developments as well as policy recommendations in order to improve labour market integration of asylum seekers and refugees." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Konle-Seidl, Regina; -
Literaturhinweis
Der Einfluss der Migration auf den demografischen Alterungsprozess: Deutschland im internationalen Vergleich (2018)
Zitatform
Kraus, Elisabeth, Andreas Ette, Nikola Sander, Magdalena Schenk & Laura Wenzel (2018): Der Einfluss der Migration auf den demografischen Alterungsprozess: Deutschland im internationalen Vergleich. In: Bevölkerungsforschung aktuell, Jg. 39, H. 3, S. 2-7.
Abstract
"Die bevorstehende Pensionierungswelle der geburtenstarken 'Babyboomer'- Jahrgänge von 1959 bis 1969 wird die demografische Alterung in Deutschland in den nächsten 20 Jahren deutlich beschleunigen. So wird nach der amtlichen Vorausberechnung die Zahl der Rentnerinnen und Rentner zwischen 2017 und 2035 um ca. 5,5 Millionen zunehmen. Dazu sinkt gleichzeitig der Anteil der Bevölkerung im erwerbsfähigen Alter im gleichen Zeitraum um etwa 8 Millionen. Zugleich hat sich Deutschland in den vergangenen Jahren zu einem wichtigen Zielland internationaler Migration entwickelt. Damit stellt sich die Frage, inwieweit Migration den Alterungsprozess in Deutschland bis zum Jahr 2035 verlangsamen kann. Vor diesem Hintergrund ordnet der Beitrag die demografische Situation Deutschlands in den internationalen Kontext ein. Dazu wird der Einfluss der Zuwanderung auf die Altersstruktur im Vergleich zu anderen OECD-Ländern untersucht. Es zeigt sich unter anderem, dass Migration den Alterungsprozess in Deutschland bis zum Jahr 2035 in geringerem Maße verlangsamen wird als in anderen OECD-Staaten." (Autorenreferat)
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Literaturhinweis
Life-cycle human capital accumulation across countries: lessons from US immigrants (2018)
Zitatform
Lagakos, David, Benjamin Moll, Tommaso Porzio, Nancy Qian & Todd Schoellman (2018): Life-cycle human capital accumulation across countries. Lessons from US immigrants. In: Journal of Human Capital, Jg. 12, H. 2, S. 305-342. DOI:10.1086/697245
Abstract
"This paper assesses cross-country variation in life-cycle human capital accumulation, using new evidence from US immigrants. The returns to experience accumulated in an immigrant's birth country before migrating are positively correlated with birth-country GDP per capita. To understand this fact, we build a model of life-cycle human capital accumulation that features three potential theories: differential human capital accumulation, differential selection, and differential skill loss. We use new data on the characteristics of immigrants and nonmigrants from a large set of countries to distinguish between these theories. The most likely theory is that immigrants from poor countries accumulate less human capital in their birth countries before migrating. Our findings imply that life-cycle human capital stocks are much larger in rich countries." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Digital lifeline? ICTs for refugees and displaced persons (2018)
Maitland, Carleen F.; Zheleva, Mariya; Fisher, Karen E.; Tomaszewksi, Brian; Iland, Daniel; Ben-Arieh Ruffer, Galya; Kingston, Lindsey N.; Schmitt, Paul; Belding, Elizabeth; Singh, Lisa; Martin, Susan F.;Zitatform
(2018): Digital lifeline? ICTs for refugees and displaced persons. (Information policy series), Cambridge: MIT Press, 281 S.
Abstract
"Interdisciplinary perspectives on the role of new information technologies, including mobile phones, wireless networks, and biometric identification, in the global refugee crisis.
Today's global refugee crisis has mobilized humanitarian efforts to help those fleeing persecution and armed conflict at all stages of their journey. Aid organizations are increasingly employing new information technologies in their mission, taking advantage of proliferating mobile phones, remote sensors, wireless networks, and biometric identification systems. Digital Lifeline? examines the use of these technological innovations by the humanitarian community, exploring operations and systems that range from forecasting refugee flows to providing cellular and Internet connectivity to displaced persons. The contributors, from disciplines as diverse as international law and computer science, offer a variety of perspectives on forced migration, technical development, and user behavior, drawing on field work in countries including Jordan, Lebanon, Rwanda, Germany, Greece, the United States, and Canada.
The chapters consider such topics as the use of information technology in refugee status determination; ethical and legal issues surrounding biometric technologies; information technology within organizational hierarchies; the use of technology by refugees; access issues in refugee camps; the scalability and sustainability of information technology innovations in humanitarian work; geographic information systems and spatial thinking; and the use of 'big data' analytic techniques. Finally, the book identifies policy research directions, develops a unified research agenda, and offers practical suggestions for conducting displacement research." (Publisher information, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Inhaltsverzeichnis:
Carleen F. Maitland: Introduction (1-14);
Galya Ben-Arieh Ruffer: Informational Components of Refugee Status Determination (17-33);
Lindsey N. Kingston: Biometric Identification, Displacement, and Protection Gaps (35-53);
Carleen F. Maitland: Information Sharing and Multi-Level Governance in Refugee Services (55-77);
Karen E. Fisher: Information Worlds of Refugees (79-112);
Paul Schmitt, Daniel Iland, Elizabeth Belding, Mariya Zheleva: Cellular and Internet Connectivity for Displaced Populations (115-136);
Carleen F. Maitland: Information Systems and Technologies in Refugee Services (137-164);
Brian Tomaszewksi: Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Displacement (165-183);
Susan F. Martin, Lisa Singh: Data Analytics and Displacement: Using Big Data to Forecast Mass Movements of People (185-206);
Carleen F. Maitland: Information Policies and Displacement (209-238);
Carleen F. Maitland: The ICTs and Displacement Research Agenda and Practical Matters (239-258). -
Literaturhinweis
Intended versus unintended consequences of migration restriction policies: evidence from a natural experiment in Indonesia (2018)
Makovec, Mattia; Purnamasari, Ririn S.; Savitri, Astrid R.; Sandi, Matteo;Zitatform
Makovec, Mattia, Ririn S. Purnamasari, Matteo Sandi & Astrid R. Savitri (2018): Intended versus unintended consequences of migration restriction policies. Evidence from a natural experiment in Indonesia. In: Journal of economic geography, Jg. 18, H. 4, S. 915-950. DOI:10.1093/jeg/lby029
Abstract
"This article studies the consequences of restrictions to migration at the origin on labor market outcomes and school enrolment in origin communities. Our difference-in-differences specification exploits the differential impact across districts in Indonesia of a reform that restricted the migration of Indonesian female domestic workers towards Saudi Arabia in 2011. Our results suggest that this reform did not lead to higher unemployment in Indonesia, but it increased the proportion of workers employed in informal jobs and in agriculture. No detectable change in the consumption patterns of Indonesian households appears from our analysis, suggesting that rural areas in Indonesia could absorb the sudden increase in the availability of workforce. Our findings also show an increase in junior secondary school enrolment of both males and females, arguably reflecting the importance of the maternal presence in the household for the investment in human capital of children." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Aspekt auswählen:
Aspekt zurücksetzen
- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
- Einwanderungspolitik
- Auswirkungen von Migration
- Wanderungsmotivation und Rückwanderung
- Arbeitslosigkeit und Arbeitsmarktpolitik
- Qualifikation, Bildung und Beschäftigung
- Integration und soziale Teilhabe
- internationale Aspekte
- Personengruppen