Mindestlohn
Seit Inkrafttreten des Mindestlohngesetzes am 1. Januar 2015 gilt ein allgemeingültiger flächendeckender Mindestlohn in Deutschland. Lohnuntergrenzen gibt es in beinahe allen europäischen Staaten und den USA. Die Mindestlohn-Gesetze haben das Ziel, Lohn-Dumping, also die nicht verhältnismäßige Bezahlung von Arbeitnehmerinnen und Arbeitnehmern, zu verhindern.
Diese Infoplattform dokumentiert die Diskussion rund um die Einführung des flächendeckenden Mindestlohns in Deutschland und die Ergebnisse empirischer Forschung der letzten Jahre zu flächendeckenden und branchenspezifischen Mindestlöhnen.
- IAB
- Grundsätzliches zum flächendeckenden Mindestlohn
- Auswirkungen des flächendeckenden Mindestlohns auf
- Auswirkungen des flächendeckenden Mindestlohns auf Personengruppen
- Ausnahmen vom flächendeckenden Mindestlohn für
- Ausweichreaktionen auf Mindestlöhne in Deutschland
- Bundesländer
- Branchenspezifische Mindestlöhne und deren Auswirkungen auf
- Mindestlohn in anderen Ländern
-
Literaturhinweis
Wage rigidity, collective bargaining and the minimum wage: evidence from French agreement data (2013)
Avouyi-Dovi, Sanvi; Gautier, Erwan; Fougère, Denis;Zitatform
Avouyi-Dovi, Sanvi, Denis Fougère & Erwan Gautier (2013): Wage rigidity, collective bargaining and the minimum wage. Evidence from French agreement data. In: The Review of Economics and Statistics, Jg. 95, H. 4, S. 1337-1351. DOI:10.1162/REST_a_00329
Abstract
"Using data sets on wage agreements at both industry and firm levels in France, we document stylized facts on wage stickiness. The average duration of wages is a little less than one year, and 10% of wages are modified each month by a wage agreement. The frequency of wage change agreements is staggered over the year, but the frequency of effective wage changes is seasonal. The national minimum wage has a significant impact on the probability and the seasonality of wage changes. Negotiated wage increases are correlated with inflation, minimum wage increases, and firm profitability." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
A note on measuring the depth of minimum wage violation (2013)
Zitatform
Bhorat, Haroon, Ravi Kanbur & Natasha Mayet (2013): A note on measuring the depth of minimum wage violation. In: Labour, Jg. 27, H. 2, S. 192-197. DOI:10.1111/labr.12010
Abstract
"In the empirical literature on minimum wage enforcement, the standard approach is to measure the number of violations, not their depth. In this paper we present a family of violation indices that, by analogy with poverty indices, can emphasize the depth of violation to different degrees. The standard measure is a special case of this family of indices, but other members of the family highlight the depth of violation. We present an application to South Africa to show that the depth of violation matters, and is not captured by the standard measure in actual situations." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
The impact of minimum wages on labour market transitions (2013)
Brochu, Pierre; Green, David A.;Zitatform
Brochu, Pierre & David A. Green (2013): The impact of minimum wages on labour market transitions. In: The economic journal, Jg. 123, H. 573, S. 1203-1235. DOI:10.1111/ecoj.12032
Abstract
"We investigate differences in labour market transition rates between high and low minimum wage regimes using Canadian data spanning 1979 - 2008. We find that higher minimum wages result in lower hiring rates but also lower job separation rates. Importantly, the reduced separation rates are due mainly to reductions in layoffs, occur in the first six months of a job and are present for unskilled workers of all ages. Thus, jobs in higher minimum wage regimes are more stable but harder to get. For older workers, these effects are almost exactly offsetting, resulting in little impact on the employment rate." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Minimum wage and the average wage in France: a circular relationship? (2013)
Zitatform
Cette, Gilbert, Valérie Chouard & Gregory Verdugo (2013): Minimum wage and the average wage in France. A circular relationship? In: Economics Bulletin, Jg. 33, H. 3, S. 1832-1839.
Abstract
"This paper investigates whether increases in the minimum wage in France have the same impact on the average wage when intended to preserve the purchasing power of the minimum wage as when intended to raise it. We find that the impact of the minimum wage on the average wage is strong, but differs depending on the indexation factor. We also find some empirical evidence of circularity between the average wage and the minimum wage." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Minimum wage in a deflationary economy: the Japanese experience, 1994 - 2003 (2013)
Zitatform
Kambayashi, Ryo, Daiji Kawaguchi & Ken Yamada (2013): Minimum wage in a deflationary economy. The Japanese experience, 1994 - 2003. In: Labour economics, Jg. 24, H. October, S. 264-276. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2013.09.005
Abstract
"The statutory minimum wage in Japan has increased continuously for a few decades until the early 2000s even during a period of deflation. This paper examines the impact of the minimum wage on wage and employment outcomes under this unusual circumstance. We find that the minimum-wage increase resulted in the compression of the lower tail of the wage distribution among women and that the wage compression is only partially attributable to the loss of employment. The continuous increase in the minimum wage accounts for one half of the reduction in lower-tail inequality that occurred among women during the period between 1994 and 2003." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Does the minimum wage have a higher impact on the informal than on the formal labor market?: evidence from quasi-experiments (2013)
Zitatform
Khamis, Melanie (2013): Does the minimum wage have a higher impact on the informal than on the formal labor market? Evidence from quasi-experiments. In: Applied Economics, Jg. 45, H. 4, S. 477-495. DOI:10.1080/00036846.2011.605763
Abstract
"This article investigates a puzzle in the literature on labour markets in developing countries: labour legislations not only have an impact on the formal labour market but also an impact on the informal sector. It has even been argued that the impact on the informal sector in the case of the minimum wage is stronger than on the formal sector. Using quasi-experiments of minimum wage changes and thereby exploiting geographical variation of the minimum wage bite, I find evidence for this hypothesis. Informal workers, workers without social security contribution, experienced significant wage increases when the minimum wage was raised while formal workers did not. This result highlights that noncompliance with one labour legislation, the social security contribution, does not necessarily imply noncompliance to other labour laws such as the minimum wage." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Minimum wages, unemployment and informality: evidence from panel data on Russian regions (2013)
Muravyev, Alexander; Oshchepkov, Aleksey;Zitatform
Muravyev, Alexander & Aleksey Oshchepkov (2013): Minimum wages, unemployment and informality. Evidence from panel data on Russian regions. (IZA discussion paper 7878), Bonn, 36 S.
Abstract
"This paper revisits labor market effects of the minimum wage by taking advantage of a unique institutional setting and rich data from Russia that cover 89 regions over 10 years, from 2001 to 2010. Our empirical analysis draws on the methodology introduced by Neumark and Wascher, in which labor market outcomes at the regional level are related to the relative minimum wage (captured by the Kaitz index) in a panel setting. We find that the minimum wage raises unemployment among young workers aged 15 to 24. In contrast, there is no evidence of disemployment effects of the minimum wage for workers aged 25-72, including women. In addition, minimum wage hikes are associated with an increase in informal employment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
The impact of minimum wages on employment of low-wage workers: evidence from Vietnam (2013)
Nguyen, Cuong Viet;Zitatform
Nguyen, Cuong Viet (2013): The impact of minimum wages on employment of low-wage workers. Evidence from Vietnam. In: Economics of Transition, Jg. 21, H. 3, S. 583-615. DOI:10.1111/ecot.12022
Abstract
"This study provides empirical evidence on the impact of a minimum wage increase on employment of workers in the formal sector who have wages below the minimum level in Vietnam. Using the difference-in-differences with propensity score matching and the Vietnam Household Living Standard Surveys of 2004 and 2006, the article finds that the minimum wage increase in 2005 reduced the proportion of workers having a formal sector job among low-wage workers. Most workers who lost formal sector jobs became self-employed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
The impact of Greek labour market regulation on temporary and family employment: evidence from a new survey (2012)
Anagnostopoulos, Achilleas; Siebert, W. Stanley;Zitatform
Anagnostopoulos, Achilleas & W. Stanley Siebert (2012): The impact of Greek labour market regulation on temporary and family employment. Evidence from a new survey. (IZA discussion paper 6504), Bonn, 24 S.
Abstract
"This paper uses an original dataset for 206 workplaces in Thessaly (Greece), to study consequences of Greece's employment protection law (EPL) and national wage minimum for temporary employment. We find higher temporary employment rates especially among a 'grey' market group of workplaces that pay low wages and avoid the national wage minimum. A similar factor boosts family employment. We also find that EPL 'matters', in particular, managers who prefer temporary contracts because temps are less protected definitely employ more temps. We discuss whether temporary and family work is a form of escape from regulation for less prosperous firms." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Les trajectoires salariales des individus payés au voisinage du Smic dans le secteur privé: une analyse empirique sur données françaises entre 1995 et 2007 (2012)
Ananian, Sévane; Calavrezo, Oana;Zitatform
Ananian, Sévane & Oana Calavrezo (2012): Les trajectoires salariales des individus payés au voisinage du Smic dans le secteur privé. Une analyse empirique sur données françaises entre 1995 et 2007. In: Economie et Statistique H. 448/449, S. 49-78.
Abstract
"Stellen die Zeiträume, in denen der gesetzliche Mindestlohn (SMIC) bezogen wird, einen vorübergehenden Zustand dar, der sich auf höhere Löhne hinbewegt, oder reihen sie sich in eine Laufbahn anhaltender Einkommensschwachheit ein? Um Ansätze zur Beantwortung dieser Frage zu erhalten, wurden die Entwicklung von Personen, die 1995-2003 in etwa den gesetzlichen Mindeststundenlohn bezogen, über einen Zeitraum von 5 Jahren verfolgt. Es war dabei nötig, eine Methode zu entwickeln, um diese Personen zweifelsfrei zu bestimmen, da während der Umsetzung der Politik der Verringerung der Arbeitszeit in der ersten Hälfte des Jahres 2000 verschiedene Mindestlohnstufen nebeneinanderher bestanden haben. Die Personen wurden anschließend in sechs Hauptkategorien der Gehaltsentwicklung aufgegliedert. Die Profile der Arbeitnehmer, die von den einzelnen Gruppen umfasst werden, weisen dabei starke individuelle Unterschiede auf. Die Arbeitnehmer, deren Gehälter sich nach oben entwickelt haben, bilden die zahlenstärkste Gruppe. Sie sind meist schon eine gewisse Zeit im Unternehmen bzw. auf dem Arbeitsmarkt. Die zahlenmäßig geringste Gruppe umfasst diejenigen Arbeitnehmer, deren Lohn über die fünf untersuchten Jahre hin in etwa auf Höhe des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns stehen blieb. Es handelt sich dabei oft um Frauen, Arbeiter und Arbeitnehmer oder Personen, die schon länger auf dem Arbeitsmarkt sind. Zwischen diesen beiden Kategorien bewegen sich Personen, deren Gehaltskurve unregelmäßiger ist, oder die aus dem Analysebereich herausfallen. Bei Arbeitnehmern, die sich zwischen Löhnen, die sich in etwa auf der Höhe des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns befinden, und Bereichen jenseits der Analyse hin und her bewegen, gegebenenfalls mit vorübergehenden Zeiträumen höheren Einkommens, handelt es sich oft um junge Menschen mit weniger Erfahrung im Beruf oder auf dem Arbeitsmarkt. Arbeitnehmer, die aus dem Bereich herausfallen, ohne höhere Löhne bezogen zu haben, sind oft älter. Es handelt sich dabei wahrscheinlich um Rentenabgänge am Ende des Arbeitslebens." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
-
Literaturhinweis
Minimum wage is efficient wage in Turkish labor market: TAR-cointegration analysis (2012)
Bildirici, Melike E.; Aykaç Alp, Elçin;Zitatform
Bildirici, Melike E. & Elçin Aykaç Alp (2012): Minimum wage is efficient wage in Turkish labor market. TAR-cointegration analysis. In: Quality and Quantity. International Journal of Methodology, Jg. 46, H. 4, S. 1261-1270. DOI:10.1007/s11135-011-9439-8
Abstract
"This study has two main purposes. First one is the necessity of taking minimum wages into account, if there is a purpose to analyze the relationship between wages and productivity in an economy which has high unemployment rates and informal employment. Second one is about the analyzing method of this relationship. We choose TAR cointegration analysis for this relation. First step of this analysis is testing for stationarity of the variables. However the low power of traditional unit root tests is examined and proved in many studies but not taken into account in TAR cointegration studies in literature. This study shows that traditional unit root tests are unfavorable for the variables which have TAR structures. Because of this shortcoming of traditional unit root tests, these results must be supported with TAR unit root tests." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
The (non) impact of minimum wages on poverty: regression and simulation evidence for Canada (2012)
Campolieti, Michele; Lee, Byron; Gunderson, Morley;Zitatform
Campolieti, Michele, Morley Gunderson & Byron Lee (2012): The (non) impact of minimum wages on poverty. Regression and simulation evidence for Canada. In: Journal of labor research, Jg. 33, H. 3, S. 287-302. DOI:10.1007/s12122-012-9139-8
Abstract
"We estimate the effect of minimum wages on poverty for Canada using data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) for 1997 to 2007 and find that minimum wages do not have a statistically significant effect on poverty and this finding is robust across a number of specifications. Our simulation results, based on the March 2008 Labour Force Survey (LFS), find that only about 30 % of the net earnings gain from minimum wage increases goes to the poor while about 70 % 'spill over' into the hands of the non-poor. Furthermore, we find that job losses are disproportionately concentrated on the poor. Our results highlight that, political rhetoric not-withstanding, minimum wages are poorly targeted as an anti-poverty device and are at best an exceedingly blunt instrument for dealing with poverty." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Les effets des hausses du Smic sur le salaire moyen (2012)
Zitatform
Cette, Gilbert, Valérie Chouard & Gregory Verdugo (2012): Les effets des hausses du Smic sur le salaire moyen. In: Economie et Statistique H. 448/449, S. 3-28.
Abstract
"Diese Studie ist den Auswirkungen von Erhöhungen des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns auf das Durchschnittsgehalt gewidmet. Es werden zwei Indikatoren des Durchschnittsgehalts in Betracht gezogen: der Basisstundenlohn der Arbeiter (SHBO) und das Monatsgehalt pro Kopf (SMPT). In die Studie gehen aggregierte Daten zur gesamten französischen Wirtschaft über vier Jahrzehnte von der Einführung des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns 1970 bis zur Änderung des Zeitplans der jährlichen Anpassungen im Jahr 2009. Die Studie weist drei Besonderheiten gegenüber der bisher erschienen Literatur auf. Erstens umfasst sie wesentlich längere Zeiträume als diese und damit aussagekräftigeres Material. Zweitens berücksichtigten die angewandten Verfahren die Möglichkeit eines sehr langsamen, progressiven Einflusses des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns auf das Durchschnittsgehalt, wohingegen die bisherigen Untersuchungen im Allgemeinen von unmittelbareren Auswirkungen ausgingen. Drittens unterscheidet sie die möglichen Auswirkungen der Anpassungen des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns auf das Durchschnittsgehalt je nach deren Ursachen: preisabhängige Indexierung, Indexierung auf die Hälfte der Kaufkraftzunahme des Basisstundenlohns der Arbeiter (SHBO) und frei beschlossene Sondererhöhungen. Aufgrund frei beschlossener Sondererhöhungen wuchs der gesetzliche Mindestlohn in allen Jahrzehnten des Zeitraums 1970-2009 stärker als der Durchschnittslohn. Die Schätzungen zeigen im Übrigen, dass der Einfluss der Anpassungen des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns auf das Durchschnittsgehalt stark ist. Insbesondere die Erhöhungen durch gesetzliche Indexierung auf die Hälfte der Kaufkraftzunahme des Basisstundenlohns der Arbeiter (SHBO) hat starke Auswirkungen auf eben jenen Basisstundenlohn der Arbeiter (SHBO). Letzteres Ergebnis legt nahe, dass es eine starke zirkulare Wechselwirkung gibt, die diese beiden Größen beeinflusst. Durch die Modalitäten der Anpassung des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns und deren Auswirkungen auf das Durchschnittsgehalt ist Frankreich zweifelsohne eines der industrialisierten Länder, deren Wettbewerbsfähigkeit am anfälligsten gegenüber starken Inflationsschwankungen ist." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
-
Literaturhinweis
Does the minimum wage affect employment?: evidence from the manufacturing sector in Indonesia (2012)
Del Carpio, Ximena; Wang, Liang Choon; Nguyen, Ha;Zitatform
Del Carpio, Ximena, Ha Nguyen & Liang Choon Wang (2012): Does the minimum wage affect employment? Evidence from the manufacturing sector in Indonesia. (Policy research working paper 6147), Washington, DC, 36 S.
Abstract
"Using survey data from the Indonesian manufacturing industry, this paper investigates the impact of minimum wage on employment and wages offered by Indonesian manufacturing firms from 1993 to 2006. It shows that the estimated effects of minimum wage on employment are positive within a province (i.e., with province fixed effects), but negative within a firm (i.e., with firm fixed effects), indicating the importance of using firm panel data to reduce the endogeneity bias in estimates. It finds significant heterogeneous effects of minimum-wage changes on employment. The employment effects of minimum wages are significant and negative among small firms and less educated workers, but not among large firms and workers with high school education and above. The negative employment impact is more severe for non-production workers than for production workers. The analysis also shows that the minimum wage disproportionally affects women: most of the nonproduction job losses are experienced by female workers. Lastly, the paper finds that the minimum wage is more correlated with the average wage of small firms than that of large firms, suggesting that minimum wages are more binding in small firms." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Du Smic au niveau de vie: composantes et évolutions (2012)
Favrat, Adélaïde; Prady, Delphine; Tavan, Chloé;Zitatform
Favrat, Adélaïde, Delphine Prady & Chloé Tavan (2012): Du Smic au niveau de vie. Composantes et évolutions. In: Economie et Statistique H. 448/449, S. 29-48.
Abstract
"Arbeitnehmer, die den gesetzlichen Mindeststundenlohn (SMIC) beziehen, befinden sich im Jahr 2011 öfters auf der unteren Stufe des Lebensstandard als die übrigen Arbeitnehmer: Ihr Lebensstandard stellt nur zwei Drittel desjenigen der Arbeitnehmer, die mehr als das 1,1-fache des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns verdienen. Ihre beruflichen Einnahmen sind auch deswegen geringer, weil sie häufiger nur teilzeitbeschäftigt sind und im Laufe des Jahrs öfter Perioden der Arbeitslosigkeit aufweisen. Das steuerliche und soziale System hat jedoch die Tendenz, den Abstand zu verringern, indem es den Lebensstandard der Mindestlohnverdiener um 8 % erhöht und denjenigen der Mehrverdiener verringert. Soziale Beihilfen und arbeitsfördernde Maßnahmen stellen insgesamt 11 % der verfügbaren Einnahmen der Mindestlohnverdiener dar. Der Beitrag der arbeitsfördernden Maßnahmen, Steuergeschenk an Kleinverdiener (PPE) und zulässige Zusatzbeschäftigung für Bezieher des Existenzminimums (RSA), bleibt jedoch gering im Vergleich zu den anderen Komponenten ihres verfügbaren Einkommens, wegen der Zeiträume von Arbeitslosigkeit oder zusätzlicher Einnahmen ihrer Haushalte, die dazu führen, dass sie einkommensabhängige Beihilfen nicht erhalten. Der Lebensstandard der Mindestlohnverdiener weist allerdings ziemlich große Unterschiede auf: bei 28 % von ihnen ist er höher als der mediane Lebensstandard. Dies erklärt sich insbesondere durch die Tätigkeitsdauer über das Jahr hin und auch durch Einnahmen des Ehepartners. Der Lebensstandard von allein erziehenden Mindestlohnverdienern ist wesentlich geringer als derjenige von kinderlosen Paaren trotz eines ziemlich gleichen Lohnniveaus. Die soziale und steuerliche Gesetzgebung hat es zwischen 1999 und 2012 ermöglicht, das tatsächlich verfügbare Einkommen der Mindestlohnverdiener schneller zu erhöhen als den gesetzlichen Mindestlohn (bei gegebener Familienzusammensetzung und Arbeitsdauer): Es nahm um 10 % zu, wohingegen der gesetzliche Mindestlohn nur um 7 % zunahm. Die Schaffung von Maßnahmen zur Förderung von Kleinverdienern - Steuergeschenk an Kleinverdiener (PPE) im Jahr 2001 und Existenzminimum (RSA) 2009 - hat eine entscheidende Rolle bei diesem Anstieg gespielt." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
-
Literaturhinweis
The effects of social security taxes and minimum wages on employment: evidence from Turkey (2012)
Papps, Kerry L.;Zitatform
Papps, Kerry L. (2012): The effects of social security taxes and minimum wages on employment. Evidence from Turkey. In: ILR review, Jg. 65, H. 3, S. 686-707. DOI:10.1177/001979391206500309
Abstract
"Using worker-level panel data for the period from 2002 to 2005, the author analyzes the separate employment effects of increases in the social security taxes paid by employers and increases in the minimum wage in Turkey. Variation over time among low-wage workers in the ratio of total labor costs to the gross wage gives rise to a natural experiment. The author's regression estimates indicate that a given increase in social security taxes has a larger negative effect on the probability of a worker remaining employed in the next quarter than an equal size increase in the minimum wage. This result is incompatible with the textbook model of labor supply and demand, and it suggests that workers may increase effort in response to an increase in wages. The author's comparison of the employment responses of workers in different demographic groups provides some indirect evidence that the central finding is consistent with this explanation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Weiterführende Informationen
Volltext-Zugang über den Verlag bzw. Anbieter (möglicherweise kostenpflichtig) -
Literaturhinweis
Les emplois du bas de l'échelle salariale en Turquie: une description des salariés des secteurs formels et informels, hors agriculture (2012)
Pelek, Selin; Calavrezo, Oana;Zitatform
Pelek, Selin & Oana Calavrezo (2012): Les emplois du bas de l'échelle salariale en Turquie. Une description des salariés des secteurs formels et informels, hors agriculture. In: Travail et emploi H. 126, S. 45-60.
Abstract
"This paper aims to identify the characteristics of low-wage workers in Turkey. In this country, the labor market is segmented between formal and informal employment. Therefore, the authors distinguish two categories of workers : workers earning the minimum wage in formal employment and workers earning the minimum wage and less than the minimum wage in informal employment. They use simple descriptive statistical methods and implement logit models on original data from the Budget survey of the Turkish Statistical Institute over the period 2003-2006. Their analysis points out a number of common features for low-wage workers in formal and informal employment : they are more often women, young people, individuals living in the countryside, employees with less firm specific seniority and people receiving a financial aid from the State. But low-wage workers can be divided in two categories. On the one hand, workers in formal employment earning the minimum wage work either in small firms in the tertiary sector or in bigger firms (25 to 49 employees) in the industrial sector. On the other hand, low-wage workers in informal employment are more often women with a secondary education, working in the tertiary sector and earning a salary which might represent a supplementary income. The socioeconomic characteristics of minimum wage workers in formal employment are more similar to the characteristics of workers paid below the minimum wage level working in an informal employment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Minimum wages and employment in Japan (2011)
Abe, Yukiko;Zitatform
Abe, Yukiko (2011): Minimum wages and employment in Japan. In: Japan labor review, Jg. 8, H. 2, S. 42-54.
Abstract
"This paper surveys issues associated with the minimum wage and its economic impacts in Japan. First, I discuss how the minimum wage is discussed in recent political debates. Next, I explain economic factors surrounding the Japanese labor market that are related to the minimum wage: specifically, I take up the issues of globalization and 'mismatch' (i.e., a labor shortage exists in some industries and/or occupations and, at the same time, there is unemployment). Then, I provide an overview of facts regarding the minimum wage for the past two decades. Finally, I critically review recent empirical studies that examine the employment effects of the minimum wage (Tachibanaki and Urakawa 2007; Kambayashi, Kawaguchi, and Yamada 2009)." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
The impact of minimum wages on wages, work and poverty in Nicaragua (2011)
Alaniz, Enrique; Terrell, Katherine; Gindling, T. H.;Zitatform
Alaniz, Enrique, T. H. Gindling & Katherine Terrell (2011): The impact of minimum wages on wages, work and poverty in Nicaragua. In: Labour economics, Jg. 18, H. S1, S. S45-S59. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2011.06.010
Abstract
"In this paper we use an individual- and household-level panel data set to study the impact of changes in legal minimum wages on a host of labor market outcomes including: a) wages and employment, b) transitions of workers across jobs (in the covered and uncovered sectors) and employment status (unemployment and out of the labor force), and c) transitions into and out of poverty. We find that changes in the legal minimum-wage affect only those workers whose initial wage (before the change in minimum wages) is close to the minimum. For example, increases in the legal minimum wage lead to significant increases in the wages and decreases in employment of private covered sector workers who have wages within 20% of the minimum wage before the change, but have no significant impact on wages in other parts of the distribution. The estimates from the employment transition equations suggest that the decrease in covered private sector employment is due to a combination of layoffs and reductions in hiring. Most workers who lose their jobs in the covered private sector as a result of higher legal minimum-wages leave the labor force or go into unpaid family work; a smaller proportion find work in the public sector. We find no evidence that these workers become unemployed. Our analysis of the relationship between the minimum wage and household income finds: a) increases in legal minimum wages increase the probability that a poor worker's family will move out of poverty, and b) increases in legal minimum-wages are more likely to reduce the incidence of poverty and improve the transition from poor to non-poor if they impact the head of the household rather than the non-head; this is because the head of the household is less likely than a non-head to lose his/her covered sector employment due to a minimum wage increase and because those heads that do lose covered sector employment are more likely to go to another paying job than are non-heads (who are more likely to go into unpaid family work or leave the labor force)." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
The quest for fairness in Australian minimum wages (2011)
Healy, Joshua;Zitatform
Healy, Joshua (2011): The quest for fairness in Australian minimum wages. In: The Journal of Industrial Relations, Jg. 53, H. 5, S. 662-680. DOI:10.1177/0022185611419618
Abstract
"The attainment of 'fairness' is widely regarded as a worthy goal of setting minimum wages, but opinions differ sharply over how to achieve it. This article examines how interpretations of fairness shaped the minimum wage decisions of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission between 1997 and 2005. It explores the Commission's approaches to three aspects of fairness in minimum wages: first, eligibility for increases; second, the form of increase; and third, the rate of increase over time. The Australian Industrial Relations Commission consistently gave minimum wage increases that were expressed in dollar values and applied to all federal awards. Its decisions delivered real wage increases for the lowest paid, but led to falls in real and relative wages for the majority of award-reliant workers. Fair Work Australia, the authority now responsible for setting minimum wages in the national system, appears apprehensive about parts of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission's legacy and has foreshadowed a different approach, particularly with respect to the form of adjustment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Aspekt auswählen:
Aspekt zurücksetzen
- IAB
- Grundsätzliches zum flächendeckenden Mindestlohn
- Auswirkungen des flächendeckenden Mindestlohns auf
- Auswirkungen des flächendeckenden Mindestlohns auf Personengruppen
- Ausnahmen vom flächendeckenden Mindestlohn für
- Ausweichreaktionen auf Mindestlöhne in Deutschland
- Bundesländer
- Branchenspezifische Mindestlöhne und deren Auswirkungen auf
- Mindestlohn in anderen Ländern