Jugendarbeitslosigkeit
Trotz eines Rückgangs ist die EU-Jugendarbeitslosenquote nach wie vor sehr hoch. Laut EU-Kommission sind derzeit 4,5 Millionen junge Menschen (im Alter von 15 bis 24 Jahren) arbeitslos. Einem großen Teil dieser Generation droht durch fehlende Zukunftsperspektiven soziale Ausgrenzung mit weitreichenden Folgen. Mit Maßnahmen wie der Europäischen Ausbildungsallianz und Jugendgarantien der Länder soll entgegengesteuert werden.
Diese Infoplattform bietet einen Einblick in die Literatur zu den Determinanten von und Strategien gegen Jugendarbeitslosigkeit auf nationaler wie internationaler Ebene.
- Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
- Gesamtbetrachtungen
- Determinanten
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Strategien
- Aktive Arbeitsmarktprogramme
- Beschäftigungsförderung - Förderung der Beschäftigungsfähigkeit
- Maßnahmen zur Bildung und Weiterbildung
- "Assistierte Ausbildung"
- Förderung der Mobilität auf dem Arbeitsmarkt
- "Jugendgarantie" - überbetriebliches Ausbildungsangebot
- Vernetzung der Akteure - Jugendberufsagenturen
- Geografischer Bezug
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Literaturhinweis
The health effects of a youth labor market activation policy (2024)
Zitatform
Hall, Caroline, Kaisa Kotakorpi, Linus Liljeberg & Jukka Pirttilä (2024): The health effects of a youth labor market activation policy. (Working papers / Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy 2024,15), Uppsala, 38 S.
Abstract
"We examine the health effects of a labor market activation policy, the Youth Job Guarantee, implemented in Sweden in 2007. To estimate the causal effects of this policy on health, we implement an RD-design using the age-eligibility threshold of the policy, together with detailed administrative data on health outcomes including measures of mental health. Health effects could arise indirectly via effects on employment, or directly, e.g., via an improved daily routine. In contrast to most of the existing literature on the health effects of ALMPs, our results indicate that the activation policy did not have clear positive effects on health one year after the start of the unemployment spell, measured by prescribed medication or healthcare visits." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The bottom 20 percent: early career paths of youth with low grade point average (2024)
Zitatform
Hansen, Jorgen & Nicolai Kristensen (2024): The bottom 20 percent: early career paths of youth with low grade point average. In: The Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Jg. 126, H. 4, S. 810-839. DOI:10.1111/sjoe.12562
Abstract
"Across nations, large proportions of younger birth cohorts obtain no professional qualifications. Using rich administrative data from Denmark and a semi-structural dynamic approach, we analyze different policies targeted towards young people who leave grade 9 with a grade point average in the bottom quintile. We find that preparatory courses, offered to students who are unable to commence a qualifying degree, have no positive impact on future labor market outcomes. Further, unobserved heterogeneity is more important for this group than are cognitive skills. Our results show that education is a good option for many, but not for all." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
A life course perspective on the NEET phenomenon: long-term exclusion across cohorts, gender, and social origin among young adults in Norway (2024)
Zitatform
Heglum, Mari Amdahl & Wendy Nilsen (2024): A life course perspective on the NEET phenomenon: long-term exclusion across cohorts, gender, and social origin among young adults in Norway. In: Journal of Youth Studies, S. 1-21. DOI:10.1080/13676261.2024.2305907
Abstract
"This study addresses the limitations of the NEET indicator (Not in Education, Employment, or Training) as a measure of the risk of social exclusion. Applying a life course analytical framework and sequence analysis to administrative data from Norway, we investigate the link between NEET status and longer-term exclusion across cohorts, gender, and social origin. Young adults with at least one year of NEET status at ages 22-25 (N = 125 804) are followed for ten years (age 22-31), spanning the years 1993-2017. Results show a mixed picture for individuals with early-career NEET status: 38 percent fare well over the long term, while over one-third face persistent challenges of long-term exclusion or reliance on permanent disability benefits. A deterioration of longer-term prospects, stronger among men than women, is observed across cohorts. An initial large gender gap in long-term exclusion probability in men's favor disappears in the youngest cohorts. Social inequalities remain stable over time. Findings support recent research emphasizing NEET category heterogeneity. Static measures may both exaggerate and underestimate the challenges faced by different sub-populations. The risk of long-term exclusion changes markedly over time, showcasing how the NEET indicator's sensitivity as a measure of at-risk youth depends on the historical-institutional context." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Junge Erwachsene ohne abgeschlossene Berufsausbildung: Ergänzende Auswertungen zum Kapitel A11 des Datenreports 2024 (2024)
Kalinowski, Michael;Zitatform
Kalinowski, Michael (2024): Junge Erwachsene ohne abgeschlossene Berufsausbildung. Ergänzende Auswertungen zum Kapitel A11 des Datenreports 2024. (BIBB discussion paper / Bundesinstitut für Berufsbildung), Bonn, 12 S.
Abstract
"Der folgende Beitrag stellt ergänzende Auswertungen des Mikrozensus 2022 zum Kapitel A11 des Datenreports 2024‚(www.bibb.de/datenreport-2024) zur Verfügung. Basierend auf einer Sonderauswertung des Statistischen Bundesamtes wird zunächst die Situation junger Erwachsener mit und ohne beruflichen Abschluss, differenziert nach Geschlecht, allgemeinbildenden Schulabschlüssen und Staatsangehörigkeit aufgezeigt. Hierbei zeigt sich, dass sich eine höhere Schulbildung eindeutig positiv auf die Chancen einer formalen beruflichen Qualifikation auswirkt. Anschließend werden Unterschiede nach Einwanderungsgeschichte und Migrationsstatus aufgezeigt. Es wird deutlich, dass der Anteil nicht formal Qualifizierter stark von den Zuzugsgründen abhängt, ebenso wie der eigenen Migrationserfahrung. Abschließend wird die Arbeitsmarktsituation junger Erwachsener auf dem Arbeitsmarkt beleuchtet. Hier zeigt sich, dass die Erwerbsbeteiligung und die Art der Beschäftigung davon abhängen, ob ein beruflicher Abschluss vorliegt." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
NEET youth in central and eastern European countries: a panel model approach (2024)
Zitatform
Karma, Emiljan (2024): NEET youth in central and eastern European countries: a panel model approach. In: Journal of Youth Studies, S. 1-18. DOI:10.1080/13676261.2024.2392189
Abstract
"The purpose of the present study was to examine macro-determinants of the Not Engaged in Employment, Education, or Training Young People (NEET) in Central and Eastern European Countries. Data from 16 countries were collected from Eurostat –, UNESCO – and Word Bank Database 2013–2021 by using the panel data analysis method. Early school leaving rate, vocational education and training enrollment rate, unemployment rate, labor market regulation, gross domestic product, education expenditure and human development index were used for explaining the NEET in selected area. The relationship between variables was analyzed using the Panel Data Methods via Fixed-Effects Model. Therefore, according to the findings of Driscoll and Kraay Estimator – One-Way Fixed Effects Model, gross domestic product, labourmarket regulation, early school leaving rate, vocational education, and training enrollment rate variables have a high and statistically significant effect on NEET as the dependent variable, while unemployment rate and human development index have a marginal but significant effect on NEET. The findings of the present study showed associations between socio-economic and institutional conditions (labor market regulation) and the NEET rate at the country level and may indicate appropriate policy measures to promote a decrease in the NEET rate." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Mapping social landscapes: Youth NEET risk and social issues in Europe – A systematic literature review (2024)
Lindblad, Victoria ; Enemark, Nanna Ramsing ; Melgaard, Dorte ; Gaardsted, Pernille Skou ; Lauritzen, Fie Falk ; Møller Hansen, Line Elise ;Zitatform
Lindblad, Victoria, Nanna Ramsing Enemark, Pernille Skou Gaardsted, Line Elise Møller Hansen, Fie Falk Lauritzen & Dorte Melgaard (2024): Mapping social landscapes: Youth NEET risk and social issues in Europe – A systematic literature review. In: Power and education, S. 1-45. DOI:10.1177/17577438241302378
Abstract
"Introduction: The 40 million young people’s lack of successful transition from the education system to the labor market across Europe has a major focus. This systematic review of literature document social risk factors associated with NEET status in Europe. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in four databases on February 21, 2023, with an update on January 15, 2024. Results: A total of 98 articles included. Multiple social risk factors were associated with NEET status and divided into three spheres: factors related to the parental influence, the environment circumstance, and the individual factors. Conclusions: Lacking a robust sense of self and limited self-efficacy, growing up in unstable home environment, having parents with low educational or labour market attainment are associated with significantly increased risk of NEET. Performing or behaving poorly in school and risk behavior such as crime and substance use are also correlated with NEET status." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Towards Quality Education: An Entrepreneurship Education Program for the Improvement of Self-Efficacy and Personal Initiative of Adolescents (2024)
Zitatform
Martín-Gutiérrez, Ángela, Elisabet Montoro-Fernández & Ana Dominguez-Quintero (2024): Towards Quality Education: An Entrepreneurship Education Program for the Improvement of Self-Efficacy and Personal Initiative of Adolescents. In: Social Sciences, Jg. 13, H. 1. DOI:10.3390/socsci13010023
Abstract
"In recent decades, youth unemployment has been the focus of attention of international and community bodies in the area of social rights. Specifically, there is a need to promote attitudes and skills to access employment, decent work, and entrepreneurship. The measures implemented have not been effective. In 2023, Spain had the highest youth unemployment rate in the European Union (29.6%). An improvement in the level and quality of education and training of young people would reduce their level of unemployment. Entrepreneurship education is, therefore, a necessary value in the society of the 21st century since it is a tool for the development and growth of the younger population. In the entrepreneurship education model proposed in this study for adolescents, we focus on the capacities of self-efficacy and personal initiative as precursors of entrepreneurial behavior. This paper analyzes the differences between the mean values of the variables before and after the implementation of the educational program and the influence or correlation between the variables. The main results are threefold: (i) the educational program implemented improves the mean values of the two variables analyzed; (ii) self-efficacy exerts a positive or direct influence on personal initiative, and (iii) the educational program improves or reinforces the positive influence of self-efficacy on personal initiative." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Lost in Categorisation? Employment Subsidies – Bringing the Beneficiaries Back In (2024)
Zitatform
Robertshaw, David Keith (2024): Lost in Categorisation? Employment Subsidies – Bringing the Beneficiaries Back In. In: Journal of Social Policy, Jg. 53, S. 86-106. DOI:10.1017/S0047279422000216
Abstract
"Employment subsidies are important active labor market policy (ALMP) tools, suited to a variety of labor market challenges. This paper engages with recent ALMP categorisation debates by appraising Cronert’s (2019) recent typology of employment subsidies. It uses empirical material to assess the typology’s explanatory power and produce insights to inform further typological development. The illustrative case of the British ‘ Wage Incentive’ (2012-2014) is used to assess the typology’s analytical purchase. Cronert’s typology helpfully identifies key distinctions in the distributional profiles of employment subsidies, but further understanding of the category is impeded by the practice of defining them as demand-side interventions. The paper argues for a reappraisal of their supply-side characteristics, maintaining that the (potential) worker should be included in the analysis, and that employment subsidies’ relationship with training and job creation should be acknowledged.It proposes a redefinition of employment subsidies reflecting their real-world use, and suggests a framework for further exploring varieties of employment subsidy design from the perspective of beneficiaries." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Heterogenität in der Ausbildungsreife nicht-studienberechtigter Schulabgänger:innen – eine latente Profilanalyse auf Basis des Nationalen Bildungspanels (2024)
Zitatform
Schauer, Jennifer & Stephan Abele (2024): Heterogenität in der Ausbildungsreife nicht-studienberechtigter Schulabgänger:innen – eine latente Profilanalyse auf Basis des Nationalen Bildungspanels. In: Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft, Jg. 27, H. 2, S. 291-319. DOI:10.1007/s11618-023-01207-2
Abstract
"Mangelnde Ausbildungsreife wird häufig als Ursache erfolgloser Ausbildungssuche benannt – insbesondere bei Schulabgänger:innen mit max. Hauptschulabschluss (max. HSA). Damit sind beispielsweise Defizite in Lese- und Mathematikkompetenzen oder dem Arbeits- und Sozialverhalten gemeint. Ausprägungskonstellationen dieser Dimensionen von Ausbildungsreife wurden bisher nicht untersucht. In einer latenten Profilanalyse auf Basis der NEPS Startkohorte Klasse 9 explorierten wir Ausprägungsprofile schulischer Kompetenzen und psychologischer Leistungsmerkmale sowie verhaltens- und persönlichkeitsbezogener Merkmale (VP) bei nicht-studienberechtigten Schulabgänger:innen. Wir fanden fünf Profile, die unterschiedliche Konstellationen von Vor- und Nachteilen in diesen Merkmalen beschreiben: (1) Leistungsstärkere mit relativ hoch ausgeprägten VP , (2) Leistungsstärkere mit relativ gering ausgeprägten VP , (3) Durchschnittlich Leistungsstarke mit relativ hoch ausgeprägten VP, (4) Leistungsschwächere mit relativ hoch ausgeprägten VP und (5) Leistungsschwächere mit relativ gering ausgeprägten VP. In allen Profilen waren Schulabgänger:innen mit max. HSA und Mittlerem Schulabschluss (MSA) vertreten. Die Anteile von Schulabgänger:innen mit max. HSA fielen unter den Leistungsschwächeren jedoch deutlich höher aus. In Regressionsanalysen prüften wir die prognostische Validität der Profile hinsichtlich der Wahrscheinlichkeit, nach Schulabgang in eine Berufsausbildung überzugehen. Wir fanden niedrigere Ausbildungswahrscheinlichkeiten bei leistungsstärkeren Schulabgänger:innen, die auf ihre Selbstselektion an berufsbildende Schulen zum Erwerb der Hochschulzugangsberechtigung hindeuteten. Außerdem fanden wir, dass Schulabgänger:innen mit MSA bei gleichem Ausprägungsprofil persistent höhere Ausbildungswahrscheinlichkeiten zeigten als jene mit max. HSA. Angesichts der Heterogenität der Bildungsgruppen gibt dies Anlass zur Kritik an institutionellen und betrieblichen Selektionslogiken." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag)
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Literaturhinweis
War, International Spillovers, and Adolescents: Evidence from Russia's Invasion of Ukraine in 2022 (2024)
Siedler, Thomas ; Christoph, Bernhard ; Galkiewicz, Agata Danuta; Sandner, Malte ; Peter, Frauke ; Anger, Silke ; Margaryan, Shushanik ;Zitatform
Siedler, Thomas, Silke Anger, Bernhard Christoph, Agata Danuta Galkiewicz, Shushanik Margaryan, Frauke Peter & Malte Sandner (2024): War, International Spillovers, and Adolescents: Evidence from Russia's Invasion of Ukraine in 2022. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 16921), Bonn, 40 S.
Abstract
"Using novel longitudinal data, this paper studies the short- and medium-term effects of Russia's invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022 on social trust of adolescents in Germany. Comparing adolescents who responded to our survey shortly before the start of the war with those who responded shortly after the conflict began and applying difference-in-differences (DiD) models over time, we find a significant decline in the outcome after the war started. These findings provide new evidence on how armed conflicts influence social trust and well-being among young people in a country not directly involved in the war." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Christoph, Bernhard ; Galkiewicz, Agata Danuta; Sandner, Malte ; Anger, Silke ; -
Literaturhinweis
Handeln in Verantwortungsgemeinschaft beim Übergang Schule Beruf in Nordrhein-Westfalen: Kein Abschluss ohne Anschluss und Jugendberufsagenturen – Erfahrungen mit der Kooperation und Umsetzung (2024)
Stuhldreier, Jens; Lüking, Martina;Zitatform
Stuhldreier, Jens & Martina Lüking (2024): Handeln in Verantwortungsgemeinschaft beim Übergang Schule Beruf in Nordrhein-Westfalen. Kein Abschluss ohne Anschluss und Jugendberufsagenturen – Erfahrungen mit der Kooperation und Umsetzung. In: Denk-doch-Mal.de H. 2.
Abstract
"Jugendberufsagenturen: Das Zusammenspiel der Rechtskreise untereinander und in der Verantwortungsgemeinschaft Das Ziel der intensivierten rechtskreisübergreifenden Zusammenarbeit: nicht nur, aber vor allem junge Menschen mit Startschwierigkeiten und ohne Anschlussperspektive frühzeitiger zu erreichen und ihnen durch exakt auf ihre Bedarfe zugeschnittene und aufeinander abgestimmte Angebote die soziale und berufliche Integration zu erleichtern oder überhaupt erst zu ermöglichen. Verzahnt werden mit der Einrichtung von Jugendberufsagenturen die Förderangebote und Unterstützungsmaßnahmen der drei Kooperationspartner mit ihren jeweils unterschiedlichen Schwerpunkten. Damit aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Verantwortlichkeiten der Träger einer Jugendberufsagentur keine isolierten Einzelmaßnahmen geplant werden, ist eine enge Abstimmung über jeweils einzubringende Mittel für Maßnahmen und Aktivitäten bis hin zu gemeinsamen Angeboten erforderlich. Die verschiedenen Rechtskreise arbeiten also nicht mehr, wie in der Vergangenheit nicht selten der Fall, neben-, sondern verstärkt miteinander und in Kooperation mit den Kommunalen Koordinierungsstellen. Mit der Einrichtung einer Jugendberufsagentur ist jedoch weder die gesetzlich vorgegebene Trennung der Rechtskreise aufgehoben noch entsteht eine rechtlich selbstständige Institution, sie verfügt auch nicht über einen eigenen Haushalt oder eigenes Personal. Längst gibt es in Nordrhein-Westfalen eine Kooperationsvereinbarung zum Thema „Verknüpfung von Kein Abschluss ohne Anschluss mit den Jugendberufsagenturen“ zwischen der Landesregierung und der Regionaldirektion NRW der Bundesagentur für Arbeit. Das Land Nordrhein-Westfalen unterstützt den Aufbau von Jugendberufsagenturen auch deshalb, weil sie eine sinnvolle Ergänzung zur Landesinitiative „Kein Abschluss ohne Anschluss“ mit ihrem Ziel einer Systematisierung des Übergangs von der Schule in den Beruf sind. Eine Verzahnung der Angebote ist ein wesentlicher Erfolgsfaktor. Neben den Partnern der Rechtskreise SGB II (Grundsicherung für Arbeitsuchende), III (Arbeitsförderung), VIII (Kinder- und Jugendhilfe) und SGB IX (Rehabilitation und Teilhabe von Menschen mit Behinderungen) sind die Kommunalen Koordinierungsstellen, die Schulen und alle weiteren Akteure wichtige Partner. Sie agieren gemeinsam in einer Verantwortungsgemeinschaft mit dem Ziel die Angebote so miteinander abzustimmen und zu verzahnen, um die individuellen Unterstützungsangebote für junge Menschen bedarfsorientiert und sinnvoll einzusetzen, damit ihnen ein bestmöglicher Einstieg in den Weg zu einer beruflichen Qualifikation gelingt." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The low skills trap: the failure of education and social policies in preventing low-literate young people from being long-term NEET (2024)
Zitatform
Vugt, Lynn van, Mark Levels & Rolf van der Velden (2024): The low skills trap: the failure of education and social policies in preventing low-literate young people from being long-term NEET. In: Journal of Youth Studies, Jg. 27, H. 2, S. 217-251. DOI:10.1080/13676261.2022.2118036
Abstract
"This paper investigates to what extent the likelihood of young people being long-term NEET can be explained by low literacy skills, how this varies across advanced countries, and how this cross-national variation can be explained by education and social policies. We use PIAAC data and include macro-level indicators on education and social policies. We analyze the likelihood of being long-term NEET versus being in employment or in education/training among some 34,000 young people aged 20–30 from 25 countries. We find that low-literate young people are more likely to be long-term NEET. While NEET risks are associated with countries’ institutional characteristics, this does not mean that these characteristics and policies always work in favour of low-literate young people. Although high levels of (enabling) ALMP generally reduce the risk of being NEET, they do so less for low-literate young people. Additionally, young people living in social-democratic welfare states are less likely to be NEET, but low-literate young people seem to profit less from this." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
“With the Pandemic Everything Changes!”: Examining Welfare Reform and Conditionality Prior to and During the COVID-19 Pandemic Amongst NEET Experienced Young People (2024)
Zitatform
Wrigley, Liam (2024): “With the Pandemic Everything Changes!”: Examining Welfare Reform and Conditionality Prior to and During the COVID-19 Pandemic Amongst NEET Experienced Young People. In: Journal of applied youth studies, Jg. 7, H. 1, S. 9-25. DOI:10.1007/s43151-023-00110-1
Abstract
"The purpose of this article is to critically explore pre-existing and continuing welfare conditionality of NEET (not in education, employment, or training) experienced young people in the UK. The article traces the policy history of NEET over the last 25 years, to demonstrate the enduring nature of benefit sanctioning that NEET experienced young people have faced throughout a decade of austerity, Brexit, and now the COVID-19 pandemic. The article engages with key narratives from 43 interviews of NEET experienced young people and youth work professionals, undertaken prior and during the pandemic. Overall, the article argues that government actors and policy makers alike have not gone far enough to support NEET experienced young people. The article found that more structural and institutional levels of support from central government are needed to meaningfully engage NEET experienced young people in their education, employment, and training trajectories throughout periods of crisis." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Supporting the right workplace experience: a dynamic evaluation of three activation programmes for young job seekers in Slovakia (2024)
Zitatform
Štefánik, Miroslav & Lukáš Lafférs (2024): Supporting the right workplace experience: a dynamic evaluation of three activation programmes for young job seekers in Slovakia. In: Journal for labour market research, Jg. 58. DOI:10.1186/s12651-024-00374-x
Abstract
"This paper investigates three alternative active labor market policy programs available to young job seekers in Slovakia who were registered in 2011. All of the programmes facilitate gaining work experience and share a comparable design; however, they differ mainly in the collected workplace experience and the composition of participants. Using administrative data, we first explore the selection into each program; second, we estimate the treatment effects on job seekers’ postparticipation absence from the registry of the unemployed. For this we argue that we have sufficiently rich data to control for selection into programs. We use a dynamic estimator and report the average treatment effects of participation in different periods between the sixth and fifteenth month after starting unemployment. For participation in earlier stages of unemployment, we confirm differences in the programmes impacts, with patterns described by previous literature; workplace experience collected in either the private sector or in a regular workplace appears to improve the chances of absence from registered unemployment of young job seekers relatively more than does participation in a public works type of program. When compared later in the unemployment spell, the between-programme differences level out. Despite its ambivalent average impact, the public works type of programme positively impacts specific subgroups of participants." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Berufsbildungsbericht 2024 (2024)
Zitatform
(2024): Berufsbildungsbericht 2024. (Berufsbildungsbericht ... / Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung), Bonn, 145 S.
Abstract
"Die berufliche Aus- und Weiterbildung bildet eine wesentliche Grundlage für Wirtschaftswachstum, Wohlstand und sozialen Zusammenhalt in Deutschland. Das deutsche Berufsbildungssystem mit seinen vielfältigen Ausbildungs- und Aufstiegsmöglichkeiten und Qualifikationsniveaus bietet breite Karriereperspektiven und garantiert eine hohe Beschäftigungsfähigkeit. Die tragende Rolle der Unternehmen, die enge Zusammenarbeit zwischen Bund, Ländern und Sozialpartnern und die geringe Jugendarbeitslosigkeit in Deutschland sind Kennzeichen dieses Erfolgsmodells, das zu Recht eine immer stärkere internationale Anerkennung genießt. Der Berufsbildungsbericht bildet einmal im Jahr die aktuelle Situation auf dem Ausbildungsmarkt ab und dient der Öffentlichkeit als Diskussionsgrundlage zur beruflichen Bildung." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
Datenreport zum Berufsbildungsbericht 2024 -
Literaturhinweis
Longer schooling with grade retention: The effects of increasing the school leaving age on dropping out and labour market success (2023)
Zitatform
Adamecz, Anna (2023): Longer schooling with grade retention: The effects of increasing the school leaving age on dropping out and labour market success. In: Economics of Education Review, Jg. 97. DOI:10.1016/j.econedurev.2023.102487
Abstract
"This paper examines the effects of increasing the compulsory school leaving age from 16 to 18 in Hungary using a difference-in-regression-discontinuities design empirical strategy. While the reform increased the length of schooling, it did not decrease the probability of dropping out of secondary school, either on average or among the most at-risk group of Roma ethnic minority students. Due to grade retentions, marginal students were older than their peers and couldn't have reached the final grade of secondary school by age 18 to earn a degree. The reform also did not affect the probability of employment, hours worked, wages and the probability of working in low-skilled occupations at ages 20 and 25. In education systems that allow grade retention, compulsory education should have the explicit goal of keeping students in school until they earn a secondary degree, rather than just until a certain age." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Personalized Support in Youth Labor Market Policy: The Role of Youth Career Agencies (2023)
Assmann, Marie-Luise;Zitatform
Assmann, Marie-Luise (2023): Personalized Support in Youth Labor Market Policy. The Role of Youth Career Agencies. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 231 S.
Abstract
"In the face of increasing youth unemployment across Europe, innovative approaches to youth labor market policy are crucial. One such approach is the introduction of ‘one-stop shops’ for young people. Here, employment offices and other actors, such as youth social services, cooperate to offer young people coordinated advice from a single source. The impact of their introduction upon the young people that use them is, thus far, under-researched. This study begins to fill this gap by outlining the support approach of the German ‘youth career agencies’ that centers on gaining a more complete picture of the young person’s life situation in order to offer them a range of possible support programs. The study interrogates whether the youth career agencies do offer more personalized advice for young people during their transition to employment than classical job center teams. It argues that, if the cooperative relationships between the actors involved in the youth career agencies are of good quality, more personalized support is likely to be offered there. However, personalized support in youth career agencies is still limited by the diverse specifications and target figures demanded of job centers by the Federal Employment Agency and also influenced by the professional background of the individual caseworkers." (Publisher information, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Weiterführende Informationen
Inhaltsverzeichnis vom Verlag -
Literaturhinweis
Pinball transitions: exploring the school-to-work transitions of 'the missing middle' (2023)
Zitatform
Brozsely, Beverly & Darren Nixon (2023): Pinball transitions: exploring the school-to-work transitions of 'the missing middle'. In: Journal of Youth Studies, Jg. 26, H. 8, S. 980-995. DOI:10.1080/13676261.2022.2058357
Abstract
"This paper responds to the call for more research on the ‘missing middle’ by reporting the findings of a small-scale qualitative longitudinal study in the North of England exploring the labour market transitions of young people completing compulsory schooling with mid-level qualifications and seeking employment. It found that participants desired training which aligned with their skills, interests and future work intentions. Participants were drawn to seek apprenticeships because they offered ‘earning and learning’ in a real-life work environment. However, for the vast majority, apprenticeships were not available, so they turned to college to articulate their choices and gain work-related training. Qualifications were gained in order to gain leverage in the job market and help them achieve ‘getting on’ work. However, often a period of ‘pinballing’ between their ambitions and the reality of the labour market ensued due to the lack of desirable quality work available. The majority of participants were still resisting ‘going nowhere’ work and making efforts to achieve ‘getting on’ work when interviewed, however, some had stopped making the effort and resigned themselves to on-going poor quality work. The process of biographicity was, for them, a reconciliation with on-going low-quality work." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Chance vertan: Die 'Ausbildungsgarantie' als Antwort auf Ausbildungsteilhabeförderung und Hebung von Fachkräftepotenzialen? (2023)
Buck, Pia;Zitatform
Buck, Pia (2023): Chance vertan: Die 'Ausbildungsgarantie' als Antwort auf Ausbildungsteilhabeförderung und Hebung von Fachkräftepotenzialen? In: Berufsbildung, Jg. 77, H. 2, S. 32-35.
Abstract
"Das Ziel, berufliche Teilhabechancen "für Alle" anzubieten und auch der sich zuspitzende Fachkräfteengpass bringen u. a. den Übergangssektor und die steigende NEET-Quote in den Fokus bildungspolitischer Diskurse, in welchen in neuerer Zeit auch über eine Ausbildungsgarantie nachgedacht wird." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
What, for whom, and under what circumstances: Do activation policies increase youth employment in the EU? (2023)
Zitatform
Cefalo, Ruggero & Rosario Scandurra (2023): What, for whom, and under what circumstances: Do activation policies increase youth employment in the EU? In: Journal of European Social Policy, Jg. 33, H. 4, S. 391-406. DOI:10.1177/09589287231199568
Abstract
"Activation measures have assumed a prominent role within policy perspectives aimed at increasing labour market participation to support welfare sustainability. Most comparative studies on active labour market policies (ALMPs) have been conducted at the national level, although several scholars recently stressed the need to consider more carefully the territorial dimension of social policies. This article addresses this research gap by providing quantitative estimates of the territorial effect of national ALMPs provision on youth employment in European regions. We find that regional contextual traits, which can present a variety of configurations, play a significant role in moderating the effects of ALMPs. Divergent outcomes per type and level of education also highlight the complexity of the landscape for ALMPs' design and implementation. Our analysis helps identify the institutional and contextual conditions that require evaluation when designing and implementing policies targeting young people." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Aspekt auswählen:
- Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
- Gesamtbetrachtungen
- Determinanten
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Strategien
- Aktive Arbeitsmarktprogramme
- Beschäftigungsförderung - Förderung der Beschäftigungsfähigkeit
- Maßnahmen zur Bildung und Weiterbildung
- "Assistierte Ausbildung"
- Förderung der Mobilität auf dem Arbeitsmarkt
- "Jugendgarantie" - überbetriebliches Ausbildungsangebot
- Vernetzung der Akteure - Jugendberufsagenturen
- Geografischer Bezug