Digitale Arbeitswelt – Chancen und Herausforderungen für Beschäftigte und Arbeitsmarkt
Der digitale Wandel der Arbeitswelt gilt als eine der großen Herausforderungen für Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. Wie arbeiten wir in Zukunft? Welche Auswirkungen hat die Digitalisierung auf Beschäftigung und Arbeitsmarkt? Welche Qualifikationen werden künftig benötigt? Wie verändern sich Tätigkeiten und Berufe?
Diese Infoplattform dokumentiert Forschungsergebnisse zum Thema Arbeit 4.0 in den verschiedenen Wirtschaftsbereichen.
- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
- Gesamtbetrachtungen/Positionen
- Arbeitsformen, Arbeitszeit und Gesundheit
- Qualifikationsanforderungen und Berufe
- Arbeitsplatz- und Beschäftigungseffekte
- Wirtschaftsbereiche
- Arbeits- und sozialrechtliche Aspekte
- Bundesländer
- andere Länder/ internationaler Vergleich
- Besondere Personengruppen
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Literaturhinweis
The Turing Transformation: Artificial Intelligence, Intelligence Augmentation, and Skill Premiums (2023)
Agrawal, Ajay K.; Gans, Joshua S.; Goldfarb, Avi;Zitatform
Agrawal, Ajay K., Joshua S. Gans & Avi Goldfarb (2023): The Turing Transformation: Artificial Intelligence, Intelligence Augmentation, and Skill Premiums. (NBER working paper / National Bureau of Economic Research 31767), Cambridge, Mass, 12 S.
Abstract
"We ask whether a technical objective of using human performance of tasks as a benchmark for AI performance will result in the negative outcomes highlighted in prior work in terms of jobs and inequality. Instead, we argue that task automation, especially when driven by AI advances, can enhance job prospects and potentially widen the scope for employment of many workers. The neglected mechanism we highlight is the potential for changes in the skill premium where AI automation of tasks exogenously improves the value of the skills of many workers, expands the pool of available workers to perform other tasks, and, in the process, increases labor income and potentially reduces inequality. We label this possibility the “Turing Transformation.” As such, we argue that AI researchers and policymakers should not focus on the technical aspects of AI applications and whether they are directed at automating human-performed tasks or not and, instead, focus on the outcomes of AI research. In so doing, our goal is not to diminish human-centric AI research as a laudable goal. Instead, we want to note that AI research that uses a human-task template with a goal to automate that task can often augment human performance of other tasks and whole jobs. The distributional effects of technology depend more on which workers have tasks that get automated than on the fact of automation per se." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
New Work(Load)?: Gestaltungsansätze für selbstorganisierte Formen der Arbeitsorganisation (2023)
Ahlers, Elke;Zitatform
Ahlers, Elke (2023): New Work(Load)? Gestaltungsansätze für selbstorganisierte Formen der Arbeitsorganisation. (WSI policy brief 78), Düsseldorf, 15 S.
Abstract
"Ziel dieses Policy Briefs ist, die veränderten Arbeitskulturen der digitalen Arbeitswelt und die dadurch entstehenden Arbeitsbelastungen aufzuzeigen. Kapitel 2 gibt dazu einen einführenden Überblick. Im Anschluss daran wird auch das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen Selbstorganisation, Eigenverantwortung, Leistung und den entstehenden sozialen und gesundheitlichen Risiken thematisiert (Kapitel 3). Darauf aufbauend werden passende Gestaltungsansätze Guter Arbeit (Kapitel 4) sowie ein partizipationsorientiertes Betriebliches Gesundheitsmanagement (Kapitel 6) skizziert. Zusammenfassend werden in einem Fazit Gestaltungsnotwendigkeiten aufgezeigt" (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
New Technologies and Jobs in Europe (2023)
Albanesi, Stefania; Jimeno, Juan F.; Lamo, Ana; Wabitsch, Alena; Dias da Silva, Antonio;Zitatform
Albanesi, Stefania, Antonio Dias da Silva, Juan F. Jimeno, Ana Lamo & Alena Wabitsch (2023): New Technologies and Jobs in Europe. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 16227), Bonn, 58 S.
Abstract
"We examine the link between labour market developments and new technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and software in 16 European countries over the period 2011- 2019. Using data for occupations at the 3-digit level in Europe, we find that on average employment shares have increased in occupations more exposed to AI. This is particularly the case for occupations with a relatively higher proportion of younger and skilled workers. This evidence is in line with the Skill Biased Technological Change theory. While there exists heterogeneity across countries, only very few countries show a decline in employment shares of occupations more exposed to AI-enabled automation. Country heterogeneity for this result seems to be linked to the pace of technology diffusion and education, but also to the level of product market regulation (competition) and employment protection laws. In contrast to the findings for employment, we find little evidence for a relationship between wages and potential exposures to new technologies." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Mutualism, class composition, and the reshaping of worker organisation in platform work and the gig economy (2023)
Zitatform
Alberti, Gabriella & Simon Joyce (2023): Mutualism, class composition, and the reshaping of worker organisation in platform work and the gig economy. In: Global Labour Journal, Jg. 14, H. 3, S. 220-235. DOI:10.15173/glj.v14i3.5332
Abstract
"This article contributes an understanding of mutualism as a foundational element in emergent worker collectivism. We challenge mainstream institutionalist accounts in industrial relations, especially from the Global North, that downplay processes of bottom-up regeneration of working-class organization. We discuss compositional accounts of class formation and examine previous understandings of mutualism, then apply our conceptual framework to evidence from international literature and our own research on platform work in Italy and the UK. Three important themes emerge in understanding worker self-organization: the demographics of the workforce, including migration backgrounds and social ties beyond the workplace; the existence of social relations in the ethnic/political/local community; and the relevance of free spaces of resource sharing and recomposition in the absence of a fixed place of work. We conclude that an understanding of mutualism can help to grasp emergent solidarities among new groups of workers within and beyond both platform work and trade unions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Souveränitätsgewinne oder Freiheitsverluste – wohin treibt der Arbeitsmarkt? (2023)
Allmendinger, Jutta; Schroeder, Wolfgang;Zitatform
Allmendinger, Jutta & Wolfgang Schroeder (2023): Souveränitätsgewinne oder Freiheitsverluste – wohin treibt der Arbeitsmarkt? In: J. Legrand, B. Linden & H.-J. Arlt (Hrsg.) (2023): Transformation und Emanzipation, S. 113-124. DOI:10.1007/978-3-658-39911-5_10
Abstract
"Die Arrangements der Plattformökonomie stehen für eine weitreichende Transformation, an deren Ende sich das rechtliche und soziale Band der Erwerbsarbeit auflöst. Solange die Plattformarbeit eher ein Randphänomen bleibt, wird die regulierte Arbeitsgesellschaft nicht grundlegend infrage gestellt. Entwickelt sich dieses Phänomen aber in der heutigen Form ungezügelt weiter, werden unsere Prinzipien des Sozialversicherungsstaats bedroht. Die neuen Konstellationen von Beschäftigung, Managementstrategien und Interessenvertretung führen dann zu Veränderungen, die das etablierte Akteurs- und Institutionengefüge sprengen und sich herkömmlichen sozialpartnerschaftlichen Aushandlungsformen und politischer Regulierung entziehen. Eine Arbeitspolitik der Souveränität braucht Antworten, die den Kontext der Akteure und Institutionen stärkt. Davon wird es abhängen, ob die Freiheitspotenziale erschlossen werden können. Dafür gibt es Ansätze, wie die bald weltweit verortete Initiative von Fairwork zeigt." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, © Springer)
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Literaturhinweis
How new ways of working during COVID-19 affect employee well-being via technostress, need for recovery, and work engagement (2023)
Zitatform
Andrulli, Rémi & Ruud Gerards (2023): How new ways of working during COVID-19 affect employee well-being via technostress, need for recovery, and work engagement. In: Computers in Human Behavior, Jg. 139. DOI:10.1016/j.chb.2022.107560
Abstract
"COVID-19 led to a surge in employees experiencing New Ways of Working (NWW), as many had to work from home supported by ICT. This paper studies how experiencing NWW during COVID-19 affected job-related affective well-being (JAWS) for a sample of employees of the Dutch working population. Hypotheses are tested using Preacher and Hayes' (Behav Res Methods 40 (3):879–891, 2008) bootstrap method, including technostress, need for recovery and work engagement as serial mediators. The results show that higher levels of NWW relate to higher JAWS, to more feelings of positive well-being (PAWS), and less feelings of negative well-being (NAWS). Much of these relations is indirect, via reduced technostress and need for recovery, and increased work engagement. Distinguishing the separate facets of NWW and their relations to PAWS/NAWS, the results show that NWW facets management of output, access to colleagues and access to information directly relate to less negative well-being. However, as the NWW facet time- and location-independent work negatively relates to feelings of positive well-being, NWW as a bundle of facets is not a set-and-forget strategy. Therefore, this study recommends that NWW be supplemented with regular monitoring of employees' well-being, technostress, need for recovery and work engagement." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Does Robotization Affect Job Quality?: Evidence from European Regional Labour Markets (2023)
Zitatform
Antón, José-Ignacio, Enrique Fernández-Macías & Rudolf Winter-Ebmer (2023): Does Robotization Affect Job Quality? Evidence from European Regional Labour Markets. In: Industrial Relations, Jg. 62, H. 3, S. 233-256. DOI:10.1111/irel.12324
Abstract
"Whereas there are recent papers on the effect of robot adoption on employment and wages, there is no evidence on how robots affect non-monetary working conditions. We explore the impact of robot adoption on several domains of non-monetary working conditions in Europe over the period 1995–2005 combining information from the World Robotics Survey and the European Working Conditions Survey. In order to deal with the possible endogeneity of robot deployment, we employ an instrumental variables strategy, using the robot exposure by sector in other developed countries as an instrument. Our results indicate that robotization has a negative impact on the quality of work in the dimension of work intensity and no relevant impact on the domains of physical environment or skills and discretion." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Transformation in bewegten Zeiten: Nachhaltige Arbeit als wichtigste Ressource (2023)
Arntz, Melanie ; Walwei, Ulrich ; Kaiser, Anna; Horvat, Sinischa; Stowasser, Sascha; Schroeder, Wolfgang; Evans, Michaela; Mallmann, Luitwin; Donner, Franz; Möreke, Mathias; Friedrich, Alexandra; Pfeiffer, Sabine ; Rothe, Isabel;Zitatform
Arntz, Melanie, Franz Donner, Michaela Evans, Alexandra Friedrich, Sinischa Horvat, Anna Kaiser, Luitwin Mallmann, Mathias Möreke, Sabine Pfeiffer, Isabel Rothe, Wolfgang Schroeder, Sascha Stowasser & Ulrich Walwei (2023): Transformation in bewegten Zeiten. Nachhaltige Arbeit als wichtigste Ressource. Berlin, 129 S.
Abstract
"Der erste Bericht des Rats der Arbeitswelt im Mai 2021 stand vor allem unter dem Eindruck der Covid19-Pandemie. Spätestens seit dem Angriff auf die Ukraine fokussieren sich Diskussionen zu Wirtschaft und Arbeitswelt auf den Umgang mit steigenden Energiepreisen und zunehmenden Lieferengpässen. Die kurzfristige Krisenbewältigung geht einher mit einer umfassenden und langfristigeren Transformation der Arbeitswelt vor dem Hintergrund des sich verschärfenden demografischen Wandels, der Digitalisierung und Dekarbonisierung. Unter Berücksichtigung aktueller Krisenproblematiken stehen diese Auswirkungen der digitalen und ökologischen Transformation auf die Arbeitswelt in Zeiten der Arbeitskräfteknappheit im Mittelpunkt des zweiten Arbeitswelt-Berichts. Der Bericht setzt sich erstens mit übergeordneten Fragen von Angebot und Nachfrage auf dem Arbeitsmarkt im Zuge der beiden Transformationen auseinander und untersucht in diesem Zusammenhang auch, inwiefern sich Anforderungen an Kompetenzen und Qualifikationen verändern. Da es vor allem die Betriebe und ihre Beschäftigten sind, die die Transformation umsetzen und bewältigen müssen, steht zweitens der Betrieb als Transformationsort sowie die betriebliche Gestaltung von Transformationsprozessen im Mittelpunkt." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
Zusammenfassung -
Literaturhinweis
Computers as Stepping Stones? Technological Change and Equality of Labor Market Opportunities (2023)
Zitatform
Arntz, Melanie, Cäcilia Lipowski, Guido Neidhöfer & Ulrich Zierahn-Weilage (2023): Computers as Stepping Stones? Technological Change and Equality of Labor Market Opportunities. In: Journal of labor economics online erschienen am 21.08.2023, S. 1-41. DOI:10.1086/727490
Abstract
"This paper analyzes whether technological change improves equality of labor market opportunities by increasing the returns to skills relative to the returns to parental background. We find that in Germany during the 1990s, the introduction of computer technologies improved the access to technology-adopting occupations for workers with low-educated parents, and reduced their wage penalty within these occupations. We also show that this significantly contributed to a decline in the overall wage penalty experienced by workers from disadvantaged parental back-grounds over this time period. Competing mechanisms, such as skill-specific labor supply shocks and skill-upgrading, do not explain these findings." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Technostress and Job Performance: Understanding the Negative Impacts and Strategic Responses in the Workplace (2023)
Atrian, Armita; Ghobbeh, Saleh;Zitatform
Atrian, Armita & Saleh Ghobbeh (2023): Technostress and Job Performance: Understanding the Negative Impacts and Strategic Responses in the Workplace. (arXiv papers), 13 S.
Abstract
"This study delves into the increasingly pertinent issue of technostress in the workplace and its multifaceted impact on job performance. Technostress, emerging from the rapid integration of technology in professional settings, is identified as a significant stressor affecting employees across various industries. The research primarily focuses on the ways in which technostress influences job performance, both negatively and positively, depending on the context and individual coping mechanisms. Through a blend of qualitative and quantitative methodologies, including surveys and in-depth interviews, the study examines the experiences of employees from diverse sectors. It highlights how technostress manifests in different forms: from anxiety and frustration due to constant connectivity to the pressure of adapting to new technologies. The paper also explores the dual role of technology as both a facilitator and a hindrance in the workplace. Significant findings indicate that technostress adversely impacts job performance, leading to decreased productivity, diminished job satisfaction, and increased turnover intentions. However, the study also uncovers that strategic interventions, such as training programs, supportive leadership, and fostering a positive technological culture, can mitigate these negative effects. These interventions not only help in managing technostress but also in harnessing the potential of technology for enhanced job performance. Furthermore, the research proposes a model outlining the relationship between technostress, coping mechanisms, and job performance. This model serves as a framework for organizations to understand and address the challenges posed by technostress. The study concludes with recommendations for future research, particularly in exploring the long-term effects of technostress and the efficacy of various coping strategies." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Does Artificial Intelligence Help or Hurt Gender Diversity? Evidence from Two Field Experiments on Recruitment in Tech (2023)
Avery, Mallory; Vecci, Joseph; Leibbrandt, Andreas;Zitatform
Avery, Mallory, Andreas Leibbrandt & Joseph Vecci (2023): Does Artificial Intelligence Help or Hurt Gender Diversity? Evidence from Two Field Experiments on Recruitment in Tech. (Discussion paper / Monash University, Department of Economics 2023-09), Clayton, 69 S.
Abstract
"The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in recruitment is rapidly increasing and drastically changing how people apply to jobs and how applications are reviewed. In this paper, we use two field experiments to study how AI in recruitment impacts gender diversity in the male-dominated technology sector, both overall and separately for labor supply and demand. We find that the use of AI in recruitment changes the gender distribution of potential hires, in some cases more than doubling the fraction of top applicants that are women. This change is generated by better outcomes for women in both supply and demand. On the supply side, we observe that the use of AI reduces the gender gap in application completion rates. Complementary survey evidence suggests that this is driven by female jobseekers believing that there is less bias in recruitment when assessed by AI instead of human evaluators. On the demand side, we find that providing evaluators with applicants' AI scores closes the gender gap in assessments that otherwise disadvantage female applicants. Finally, we show that the AI tool would have to be substantially biased against women to result in a lower level of gender diversity than found without AI." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Labour Market Engineers: Reconceptualising Labour Market Intermediaries with the Rise of the Gig Economy in the United States (2023)
Zitatform
Baber, Ashley (2023): Labour Market Engineers: Reconceptualising Labour Market Intermediaries with the Rise of the Gig Economy in the United States. In: Work, Employment and Society online erschienen am 22.02.2023, S. 1-21. DOI:10.1177/09500170221150087
Abstract
"Gig work – accessing job opportunities through an app – has brought renewed attention to precarious non-standard labour arrangements. Scholars have begun to consider the intermediary role that platforms such as Uber, Lyft and Doordash play in exploiting and controlling workers. Yet, literature on labour market intermediaries has muddied conceptions of their role, impact and outcomes for workers by lumping a variety of institutions under the same umbrella term. Drawing from previous theoretical and empirical works throughout the temporary help and gig industries, this article proposes a reconceptualisation of labour market intermediaries as labour market engineers highlighting four mutually reinforcing features. This sociological reconceptualisation updates the understanding of for-profit labour market intermediaries by demonstrating the market making behaviours of firms of on-demand labour in the US context. Likewise, this reconceptualisation notes how gig firms have adapted and expanded these features in ways that increase precarity for workers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Firm Investments in Artificial Intelligence Technologies and Changes in Workforce Composition (2023)
Babina, Tania; Fedyk, Anastassia; Hodson, James; He, Alex X.;Zitatform
Babina, Tania, Anastassia Fedyk, Alex X. He & James Hodson (2023): Firm Investments in Artificial Intelligence Technologies and Changes in Workforce Composition. (NBER working paper / National Bureau of Economic Research 31325), Cambridge, Mass, 47 S.
Abstract
"We study the shifts in U.S. firms' workforce composition and organization associated with the use of AI technologies. To do so, we leverage a unique combination of worker resume and job postings datasets to measure firm-level AI investments and workforce composition variables, such as educational attainment, specialization, and hierarchy. We document that firms with higher initial shares of highly-educated workers and STEM workers invest more in AI. As firms invest in AI, they tend to transition to more educated workforces, with higher shares of workers with undergraduate and graduate degrees, and more specialization in STEM fields and IT skills. Furthermore, AI investments are associated with a flattening of the firms' hierarchical structure, with significant increases in the share of workers at the junior level and decreases in shares of workers in middle-management and senior roles. Overall, our results highlight that adoption of AI technologies is associated with significant reorganization of firms' workforces." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Post-digitales Management: Arbeit an den Schnittstellen einer Produktionsorganisation (2023)
Baecker, Dirk; Elsholz, Uwe; Locher, Maximilian; Thomas, Martina;Zitatform
Baecker, Dirk, Uwe Elsholz, Maximilian Locher & Martina Thomas (Hrsg.) (2023): Post-digitales Management. Arbeit an den Schnittstellen einer Produktionsorganisation. Wiesbaden: Imprint: Springer VS, XII, 300 S. DOI:10.1007/978-3-658-40707-0
Abstract
"Diese Open-Access-Publikation handelt von Digitalisierungsprojekten in kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen. Es werden Forschungsergebnisse und Praxisbeobachtungen in Beiträgen, Interviews und Handouts von Wissenschaftlern und Praktikern präsentiert. Die Herausgebenden Prof. Dr. Dirk Baecker ist Seniorprofessor für Organisations- und Gesellschaftstheorie an der Zeppelin Universität. Prof. Dr. Uwe Elsholz lehrt am Institut für Bildungswissenschaft und Medienforschung an der FernUniversität in Hagen. Maximilian Locher, M.A., ist Transformationssekretär in der Bezirksleitung der IG Metall Baden-Württemberg. Martina Thomas, M.A., ist wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterin im Lehrgebiet Lebenslanges Lernen an der FernUniversität in Hagen." (Verlagsangaben)
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Literaturhinweis
Factors Influencing Labor Share: Automation, Task Innovation, and Elasticity of Substitution (2023)
Baek, Seungjin; Jeong, Deokjae;Zitatform
Baek, Seungjin & Deokjae Jeong (2023): Factors Influencing Labor Share: Automation, Task Innovation, and Elasticity of Substitution. (MPRA paper 118730), München, 51 S.
Abstract
"This paper explores the underlying factors contributing to the recent decline in labor share, focusing specifically on the roles of automation and the development of new tasks that are exclusive to humans. First, our paper strengthens the argument that automation has a negative impact on labor share. Second, we are the first to empirically estimate the influence of new human-exclusive tasks on labor share. Our findings suggest that the positive impact of human-exclusive tasks dominates the negative impact brought about by automation. Third, we find that the elasticity of substitution between labor and capital is less than one, offering a coherent framework for predicting how various factors ---capital price, robot price, and wages--- impact labor share. We identify two distinct mechanisms through which robots negatively affect labor share: automation and a reduction in the price of robots. Our general equilibrium model predicts that the latter will gain increasing importance in the future as robots become more prevalent. Lastly, we estimate the elasticity of substitution between tasks to be one, empirically validating an assumption that many existing studies have made." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Evolution of Work from Home (2023)
Barrero, José María; Davis, Steven J.; Bloom, Nicholas;Zitatform
Barrero, José María, Nicholas Bloom & Steven J. Davis (2023): The Evolution of Work from Home. In: The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Jg. 37, H. 4, S. 23-49. DOI:10.1257/jep.37.4.23
Abstract
"Full days worked at home account for 28 percent of paid workdays among Americans 20–64 years old, as of mid-2023. That’s about four times the 2019 rate and ten times the rate in the mid-1990s. We first explain why the big shift to work from home has endured rather than reverting to prepandemic levels. We then consider how work-from-home rates vary by worker age, sex, education, parental status, industry and local population density, and why it is higher in the United States than other countries. We also discuss some implications for pay, productivity, and the pace of innovation. Over the next five years, US business executives anticipate modest increases in work-from-home rates at their own companies. Other factors that portend an enduring shift to work from home include the ongoing adaptation of managerial practices and further advances in technologies, products, and tools that support remote work." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Industrie 5.0 (2023)
Becker, Marco; Daube, Carl Heinz; Reinking, Ernst;Zitatform
Becker, Marco, Carl Heinz Daube & Ernst Reinking (2023): Industrie 5.0. (EconStor Preprints 270296), Kiel, 12 S.
Abstract
"Spätestens seit der Etablierung von ChatGPT als eine für die breite Masse sowohl der Unternehmen als auch der Bevölkerung gleichermaßen interessante Anwendung der Künstlichen Intelligenz im November 2022 neigt sich die Epoche der Industrie 4.0 dem Ende entgegen. In diesem Working Paper werden die Grenzen der Industrie 4.0 aufgezeigt und die Potenziale der Industrie 5.0 analysiert." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Risks to job quality from digital technologies: Are industrial relations in Europe ready for the challenge? (2023)
Zitatform
Berg, Janine, Francis Green, Laura Nurski & David A. Spencer (2023): Risks to job quality from digital technologies: Are industrial relations in Europe ready for the challenge? In: European journal of industrial relations, Jg. 29, H. 4, S. 347-365. DOI:10.1177/09596801231178904
Abstract
"We examine job quality effects of new digital technologies, using the European frame of seven job quality domains: Pay, Working Time Quality, Prospects, Skills and Discretion, Work Intensity, Social Environment, and Physical Environment. Theoretical effects are ambivalent across all domains. The analysis of these effects confirms that digital technologies can both improve and harm job quality depending on how they are used. In light of this analysis and to think through the challenge of regulating digital technologies, we review emerging regulations across several European countries. Drawing on the principles of human-centred design, we argue that worker participation is important for securing good job quality outcomes, at both the innovation and adoption stages. We also consider the application of data protection legislation to the regulation of job quality. Overall, the paper extends debate about the future of work beyond employment and pay, on to a consideration of job quality more broadly." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Coworking Atmospheres: On the Interplay of Curated Spaces and the View of Coworkers as Space-acting Subjects (2023)
Bernhardt, Alexandra;Zitatform
Bernhardt, Alexandra (2023): Coworking Atmospheres. On the Interplay of Curated Spaces and the View of Coworkers as Space-acting Subjects. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 475 S.
Abstract
"The study by Alexandra Bernhardt deals with coworking spaces and their atmospheres. In addition to a comprehensive consideration of the role of atmospheres, the special significance of community in the context of these work spaces is examined in more detail. Two case studies in urban coworking spaces form the core of the investigation, following a qualitative research design oriented towards ethnography and a plurality of methods. In the context of the analysis, on the one hand, what constitutes coworking in everyday life and thus the new communality at work is considered: relevant practices and rituals, spatial arrangements and atmospheres are elaborated in their composition. On the other hand, coworkers, their spatial actions, and the attitudes associated with them come into closer focus: It is shown how users access coworking spaces as work and community spaces and what role atmospheres play. In addition, social entities are highlighted that are taken up by coworkers in relation to their coworking space and that help shape everyday coworking space life. Tensions that arise from the coexistence of community and service logic are also uncovered, and how they are dealt with is examined in more detail." (Publisher information, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Weiterführende Informationen
Inhaltsverzeichnis -
Literaturhinweis
The Data-Driven Workplace and the Case for Worker Technology Rights (2023)
Bernhardt, Annette; Suleiman, Reem; Kresge, Lisa;Zitatform
Bernhardt, Annette, Lisa Kresge & Reem Suleiman (2023): The Data-Driven Workplace and the Case for Worker Technology Rights. In: ILR review, Jg. 76, H. 1, S. 3-29. DOI:10.1177/00197939221131558
Abstract
"Employers increasingly use digital technologies in the workplace to capture and analyze worker data, electronically monitor their workers, and manage them using algorithms. In this article, the authors analyze employers’ use of data-driven systems in a diverse set of industries and identify a range of potential harms to workers, including bias and discrimination, de-skilling, unsafe work speeds, and loss of autonomy and dignity. In light of the current absence of regulation or oversight, the authors argue that workers deserve a robust set of 21st-century labor standards regarding digital technologies. They lay out a detailed public policy framework that establishes worker rights and employer responsibilities to ensure that the data-driven workplace benefits, rather than harms, workers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Aspekt auswählen:
- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
- Gesamtbetrachtungen/Positionen
- Arbeitsformen, Arbeitszeit und Gesundheit
- Qualifikationsanforderungen und Berufe
- Arbeitsplatz- und Beschäftigungseffekte
- Wirtschaftsbereiche
- Arbeits- und sozialrechtliche Aspekte
- Bundesländer
- andere Länder/ internationaler Vergleich
- Besondere Personengruppen