Berufliche Mobilität
Eine Tätigkeit, die mehr Spaß verspricht, ein höheres Gehalt oder bessere Entwicklungsperspektiven: Es gibt viele Gründe, nicht länger im erlernten oder ausgeübten Beruf tätig zu sein. Nicht immer sind sie jedoch so erfreulich: Auslöser kann auch eine Entlassung sein.
Dieses Themendossier bietet Literaturhinweise zur beruflichen Mobilitätsforschung in Deutschland und in anderen Ländern. Sie erschließt theoretische Ansätze und empirische Ergebnisse - beispielsweise zu den Fragen: Sind Berufswechsel lohnend? Für wen sind sie mit besonderen Risiken verbunden? Wie gut lassen sich bei einem beruflichen Neustart die bisher erworbenen Qualifikationen verwerten?
Im Filter „Autorenschaft“ können Sie auf IAB-(Mit-)Autorenschaft eingrenzen.
- Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
- Theoretische Konzepte und Methoden
-
Berufliche Mobilität in Deutschland
- Institutionelle und sozioökonomische Determinanten beruflicher Mobilität
- Berufliche Mobilität bei Einzelberufen/Berufsgruppen/Fachrichtungen
- Berufliche Mobilität bei besonderen Personengruppen
- Berufliche Mobilität und Qualifikation
- Berufliche Mobilität und Einkommen
- Berufliche Mobilität und Auf-/Abstiegsprozesse
- Berufliche Mobilitätsverläufe
- Berufliche Mobilität in anderen Ländern
-
Literaturhinweis
Technologischer Wandel und Löhne: Die Anpassung der Berufe spielt eine entscheidende Rolle (2026)
Zitatform
Bachmann, Ronald, Gökay Demir, Colin Green & Arne Uhlendorff (2026): Technologischer Wandel und Löhne: Die Anpassung der Berufe spielt eine entscheidende Rolle. (IAB-Kurzbericht 01/2026), Nürnberg, 8 S. DOI:10.48720/IAB.KB.2601
Abstract
"Technischer Fortschritt verändert die Arbeitswelt - besonders in Berufen, in denen viele Tätigkeiten leicht automatisiert werden können. In den letzten Jahrzehnten ist der Anteil an Routinetätigkeiten in vielen Berufen deutlich zurückgegangen - häufig zugunsten nicht routinemäßiger kognitiver Tätigkeiten wie Analysieren, Planen oder Beraten. Dabei verzeichnen Berufe, deren Tätigkeiten sich im Laufe der Zeit stärker an den technologischen Wandel angepasst haben, steigende Löhne. Sie zeichnen sich zudem durch intensivere Weiterbildungsaktivitäten aus. In Berufen, deren Tätigkeitsprofil sich kaum verändert hat, stagnieren die Löhne dagegen häufiger." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
- Vollzeitbeschäftigte westdeutsche Männer in ursprünglich routinelastigen Berufen
- Veränderung von Tätigkeitsschwerpunkten durch technologischen Wandel
- Veränderung im Anteil der Routinetätigkeiten
- Veränderung im Anteil der Routinetätigkeiten im Vergleich zu nicht routinemäßigen (NR) kognitiven Tätigkeiten in exemplarisch ausgewählten, ursprünglich routinelastigen Berufsfeldern
- Anteil Beschäftigter in Weiterbildungskursen nach Tätigkeitsgruppen
- Relatives Lohnwachstum nach Tätigkeitsgruppen
- Vollzeitbeschäftigte westdeutsche Männer nach Tätigkeitsgruppen
-
Literaturhinweis
Individualism and working from home (2026)
Zitatform
Bietenbeck, Jan, Natalie Irmert & Therese Nilsson (2026): Individualism and working from home. In: Economic Inquiry, Jg. 64, H. 2, S. 491-507. DOI:10.1111/ecin.70037
Abstract
"We show that culturally transmitted individualism is an important determinant of working from home (WFH). Using individual-level data from the U.S. Current Population Survey (CPS) and the European Social Survey (ESS), we compare immigrants and their descendants from different cultural backgrounds residing in the same location. A 10-point increase in country-of-origin individualism (0–100 scale) increases the likelihood of WFH by 3.9percentage points and WFH hours by 1.12 per week in the CPS, and frequent WFH by 2 percentage points in the ESS. Individualism appears to affect WFH partly through higher educational attainment and occupational selection." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
A Users' Guide to Uncovering Worker and Firm Effects: The ABC of AKM (2026)
Bonhomme, Stephane; Lamadon, Thibaut; Manresa, Elena;Zitatform
Bonhomme, Stephane, Thibaut Lamadon & Elena Manresa (2026): A Users' Guide to Uncovering Worker and Firm Effects: The ABC of AKM. In: The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Jg. 40, H. 2, S. 195-214. DOI:10.1257/jep.20231372
Abstract
"The AKM model introduced by Abowd, Kramarz, and Margolis (1999) has become a workhorse to study worker and firm heterogeneity, and to understand the sources of wage dispersion in the labor market using linked employer-employee data. In this article, we introduce the model and estimator, discuss some best practices for estimation, and review some empirical findings on the role of worker and firm heterogeneity in wage dispersion. While the AKM methodology has proven useful to analyze a host of questions in a variety of settings within labor economics and beyond, we also point to the need for methodological developments." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Danish flexicurity and occupational mobility: A comparison with the United States (2026)
Zitatform
Carrillo-Tudela, Carlos, Saman Darougheh & Ludo Visschers (2026): Danish flexicurity and occupational mobility: A comparison with the United States. In: Economics Letters, Jg. 258. DOI:10.1016/j.econlet.2025.112743
Abstract
"We provide a detailed international comparison of the occupational mobility of employer switchers using the US Current Population Survey and Danish administrative data (2011–2019). Comparability and measurement issues have stood in the way of good comparisons of occupational mobility rates between the US and European countries more generally. Making progress towards addressing these, we find that the proportion of employer changers that switches occupations is about 20% lower in Denmark, but at occupation-level quite correlated across both countries. Net mobility rates are also positively correlated, but overall lower in Denmark than in the United States." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Training Specificity and Occupational Mobility: Evidence From German Apprenticeships (2026)
Eckardt, Dita;Zitatform
Eckardt, Dita (2026): Training Specificity and Occupational Mobility: Evidence From German Apprenticeships. In: Econometrica, Jg. 94, H. 3, S. 741-766. DOI:10.3982/ecta21835
Abstract
"Apprenticeships play a key role in enabling successful school-to-work transitions in many countries, but in the presence of imperfect information, the specificity of this type of training may entail important costs for those working outside their training fields. I study this issue in one of the most prominent training settings, the German apprenticeship system. Using administrative data and a broad occupational classification, I find that 40% of individuals work in occupations different from their training. I estimate the cost of mismatch using vacancy instruments and extend methodological approaches in high-dimensional selection settings. Lacking training in one's occupation entails an average wage penalty of 14%, the equivalent of two years of work experience. The penalty increases with the task distance between training and occupation. My findings suggest that retraining is crucial to mitigate the adverse consequences from imperfect information in specialized training settings." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Bargaining with Renegotiation in Models with On-the-Job Search (2026)
Gottfries, Axel;Zitatform
Gottfries, Axel (2026): Bargaining with Renegotiation in Models with On-the-Job Search. In: Review of Economic Dynamics. DOI:10.1016/j.red.2026.101343
Abstract
"I present an on-the-job search model with bargaining and renegotiation in which turnover depends on the contracted wage. There is a unique monotone Markov equilibrium. The model encompasses elements of dynamic monopsony and rent sharing. Firms benefit from the reduced turnover associated with a higher wage and workers extract rents due to their bargaining power. Shorter wage contracts reduce the response of turnover to the contracted wage, reducing a firm’s willingness to increase pay, and thereby the worker’s equilibrium share of the match surplus. As renegotiation becomes continuous, linear surplus sharing is obtained. The model further generates spillover effects from minimum wages due to firms’ incentives to increase contracted wages to reduce turnover. These incentives, and therefore the spillovers, are weaker when wage contracts are shorter. Finally, I endogenize the frequency of renegotiation, and find that, generically, the equilibrium features infrequently renegotiated wages." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Temporary employment and further training. Does training promote the transition from temporary to permanent employment? (2026)
Zitatform
Helbig, Alexander & Martin Ehlert (2026): Temporary employment and further training. Does training promote the transition from temporary to permanent employment? In: Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, Jg. 102. DOI:10.1016/j.rssm.2026.101130
Abstract
"The article analyses the returns to further training courses among a vulnerable group: the temporary employed. We address the important question of whether non-formal further training promotes the transition to permanent work and thus helps to escape precarious employment trajectories. According to human capital theory, work-related training increases workers’ productivity and might also serve as a positive signal to employers, as signaling theory suggests. On the other hand, firms may combine training and transitions to permanent jobs for selected workers. We use data from the German Educational Panel Study and apply event history models to test these conflicting theoretical assumptions. In general, the results suggest positive effects of non-formal further training on transitions to permanent work. Especially employer-funded training shows a strong correlation with transitions within the same firm, but not with transitions to other firms. This seems to be both due to signaling of motivation and firm internal pathways that combine training and transitions. Individual, self-funded training on the other hand does not seem to affect any transition chances further indicating that firm-internal mechanisms are more important than human capital development." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
„Es geht nicht darum, was KI uns wegnehmen könnte, sondern welche Chancen entstehen“ (2026)
Zitatform
Keitel, Christiane; Britta Matthes & Katharina Grienberger (interviewte Person) (2026): „Es geht nicht darum, was KI uns wegnehmen könnte, sondern welche Chancen entstehen“. In: IAB-Forum H. 11.05.2026. DOI:10.48720/IAB.FOO.20260511.01
Abstract
"Der IAB-Job-Futuromat zeigt, welche beruflichen Tätigkeiten durch digitale Technologien und KI potenziell automatisierbar sind – und welche nicht. Im Interview erklären die Forscherinnen Britta Matthes und Katharina Grienberger, wie das Tool funktioniert, welche Berufe besonders betroffen sind und warum es bei der Berufswahl nicht um die Angst vor der Automatisierbarkeit, sondern vielmehr um Chancen gehen sollte." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
-
Literaturhinweis
The Rise in Occupational Coding Mismatches and Occupational Mobility, 1991–2020 (2026)
Zitatform
Kim, Andrew Taeho & ChangHwan Kim (2026): The Rise in Occupational Coding Mismatches and Occupational Mobility, 1991–2020. In: Sociological methods & research, Jg. 55, H. 2, S. 659-699. DOI:10.1177/00491241241303517
Abstract
"Occupation is a construct prone to classification mismatches by coders and description inconsistency by respondents. We explore whether mismatches in occupational coding have recently increased, what factors are associated with the rise in mismatches, and how the rise affects estimates of intragenerational occupational mobility. Utilizing the 1991–2020 Annual Social and Economic Supplement of the Current Population Survey, which collects information on respondents’ current occupation and the previous year’s main occupation, we identify coding mismatches and compare the probabilities of occupational mobility based on four combinations of two variables. Our results show that not only do the estimates of occupational mobility between two adjacent years vary substantially across measures, but also that the magnitudes of intragenerational occupational mobility across measures become increasingly decoupled over time. We demonstrate that the likely cause of this divergence is the rise in coding mismatches between coders. We discuss the implications of our findings." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Adapting to Scarcity: The Role of Firms in Occupational Transitions (2026)
Zitatform
Kläui, Jeremias, Daniel Kopp, Rafael Lalive & Michael Siegenthaler (2026): Adapting to Scarcity: The Role of Firms in Occupational Transitions. (RF Berlin - CReAM Discussion Paper Series 2026,20), Berlin, 43 S., App.
Abstract
"This paper examines the circumstances under which firms facilitate occupational transitions, complementing prior work that focuses on workers' decisions. We link unemployment insurance records with application diaries and clickstream data from a recruitment platform to causally assess how candidates' occupational histories shape recruiters' hiring decisions. We find that the average candidate from a different occupation faces a 7% lower contact rate than equally qualified candidates who last worked in a recruiter's searched occupation. Using a new measure of skill overlap, we show that 60% of this penalty reflects that movers meet fewer skill requirements than incumbents. Occupational experience and qualifications further reduce the mover penalty, such that certain candidates returning to a prior occupation face no penalty at all. Finally, recruiters adapt to scarcity and contact more movers in tight occupations. Changes in firm behavior account for one-third of the increase in movers' application success in tight versus slack labor markets." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Strukturwandel in Mitteldeutschland (2026)
Kropp, Per; Fritzsche, Birgit; Theuer, Stefan;Zitatform
Kropp, Per, Birgit Fritzsche & Stefan Theuer (2026): Strukturwandel in Mitteldeutschland. (IAB-Regional. Berichte und Analysen aus dem Regionalen Forschungsnetz. IAB Sachsen-Anhalt-Thüringen 01/2026), Nürnberg, 44 S. DOI:10.48720/IAB.RESAT.2601
Abstract
"Technologischer Wandel, darunter die Digitalisierung vieler Wirtschaftsbereiche, die Verschiebung von Märkten und nicht zuletzt die demografische Entwicklung prägten den beruflichen Strukturwandel in Mitteldeutschland in der letzten Dekade. Diese Entwicklung abzubilden ist das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie. Dabei liegt der Fokus auf Mitteldeutschland, seine Kreise und Arbeitsmarktregionen; zum Vergleich wurden allerdings häufig die Werte aller 16 Bundesländer herangezogen. Hinzu kommt der Vergleich für die Braunkohlereviere, zu denen das Mitteldeutsche Revier gehört. Für die Analysen wurden Indikatoren entwickelt, welche die Veränderung der Beschäftigungsstruktur in Berufssegmenten und ihre Dynamik abbilden." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
-
Literaturhinweis
The EITC and occupational mobility (2026)
Zitatform
Liu, Andrew Yizhou (2026): The EITC and occupational mobility. In: Empirical economics, Jg. 70, H. 3. DOI:10.1007/s00181-026-02892-8
Abstract
"I estimate that the implementation of state-level Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) supplements results in a 3% reduction in the likelihood of downward occupational mobility among single mothers aged 19 to 35. This outcome, characterized by an elasticity of −1.4, is not attributable to shifts in occupational distribution, wage changes, variations in workforce participation, or alterations in working hours. Rather, it aligns with the EITC’s enhanced compensation for mid-wage occupations, which diminishes the incentive for workers to transition into lower-wage roles. This evidence suggests that the EITC may exert a lasting effect on the skill development of employed workers, beyond its immediate financial benefits." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Occupational agglomeration and R&D worker mobility: career opportunities and wage premiums (2026)
Zitatform
Wang, Yifei (2026): Occupational agglomeration and R&D worker mobility: career opportunities and wage premiums. In: The Annals of Regional Science, Jg. 75, H. 1. DOI:10.1007/s00168-026-01464-z
Abstract
"This article examines regional variation in the mobility patterns of R&D workers, focusing on how industry and occupational agglomerations shape interregional job changes. Using linked employer–employee data from Sweden, the empirical analysis shows that while both forms of agglomeration affect mobility decisions, occupational agglomerations have a stronger impact. Workers in regions with a high concentration of occupations that demand similar skill are less likely to move across regions, not only due to better career opportunities but also because of associated wage premiums. As a result, regions functionally specialized in R&D are better able to retain talent, reinforcing their cumulative advantage in innovation. These findings contribute to the literature on agglomeration and wage premium and highlight the need for local capacity building in realizing the benefits of R&D investments." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
When Offshoring Threatens Jobs: Lifelong Education and Occupation Choice (2025)
Zitatform
Adachi, Daisuke & Lars Skipper (2025): When Offshoring Threatens Jobs: Lifelong Education and Occupation Choice. (RF Berlin - CReAM Discussion Paper Series 2025,114), Berlin, 60 S.
Abstract
"Manufacturing job offshoring has displaced low-skilled workers lacking transition skills. Using Danish adult education and employer-employee data, we study how vocational training influences occupational choice and mitigates labor market shocks. Manufacturing workers trained in business services (BS) show a higher probability of transitioning to BS occupations via dynamic difference-in-difference analysis. We then propose and estimate a life-cycle model of training and occupation. Our model reveals that program take-up elasticity is lower than occupation choice elasticity, indicating insensitivity to program monetary value. Counterfactual wage subsidies tied to BS programs support manufacturing-to-BS transitions and reduce labor force exits, especially among older workers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Driver factors of job hopping among corporate employees: A systematic literature review (2025)
Apriliani, Arimbi; Kadiyono, Anissa Lestari; Fitriana, Efi; Sulastiana, Marina;Zitatform
Apriliani, Arimbi, Anissa Lestari Kadiyono, Efi Fitriana & Marina Sulastiana (2025): Driver factors of job hopping among corporate employees: A systematic literature review. In: Acta Psychologica, Jg. 260. DOI:10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105658
Abstract
"Job hopping has emerged as a global phenomenon with significant implications for organizational stability and workforce dynamics. Although driver factors of job hopping have been identified in prior research, the literature remains fragmented. This systematic review integrates driver factors of job hopping into three categories, sociodemographic, personal, and organizational factors, while also highlighting research gaps and practical implications. Following PRISMA guidelines, five databases (Scopus, ScienceDirect, SAGE, Emerald, and Springer) were searched for empirical studies published between 2014 and 2024. A total of 17 studies met the inclusion criteria. The review identifies key drivers: sociodemographic factors, personal factors and organizational factors. Most studies were conducted in Asia, limiting cross-cultural generalizability. These gaps underscore the need for multi-context, theory-driven research. The review provides actionable insights for HR practitioners, emphasising structured career development, competitive rewards, and supportive leadership aligned with generational expectations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review to integrate the driver factors of job hopping into a comprehensive framework, thereby advancing research in industrial–organizational psychology and informing organizational retention strategies." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Does Performance Pay Deter Job Quits? (2025)
Zitatform
Artz, Benjamin & John S. Heywood (2025): Does Performance Pay Deter Job Quits? (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 17791), Bonn, 35 S.
Abstract
"We use US longitudinal survey data to examine the role of performance pay (other than profit sharing) in worker quit decisions. We argue that performance pay should increasingly be viewed as an indicator of an internal labor market rather than of a simple contemporaneous incentive. Suggestive of this claim, we find that in ever more complete specifications that account for worker and employer characteristics, aggregate earnings and worker job satisfaction, performance pay is associated with a reduced probability of worker quits. This remains when including worker fixed effects that control for unmeasured invariant heterogeneity. We investigate how it varies with the type of performance pay and its intensity. We confirm heterogeneity in this influence by workplace size." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Erfolgreiche Jobwechsel: Wie berufliche Mobilität Einkommen und Arbeitszufriedenheit steigert (2025)
Zitatform
Bachmann, Ronald, Inga Heinze, Lukas Hörnig & Roman Klauser (2025): Erfolgreiche Jobwechsel. Wie berufliche Mobilität Einkommen und Arbeitszufriedenheit steigert. Gütersloh, 67 S. DOI:10.11586/2024198
Abstract
"Die Studie untersucht die Auswirkungen beruflicher Mobilität auf das Einkommen und die Arbeitszufriedenheit von Beschäftigten in Deutschland. Sie zeigt, dass ein Stellenwechsel häufig mit einem Zuwachs an Einkommen und Zufriedenheit verbunden ist – vor allem bei Unzufriedenen. Die größten Gewinne ergeben sich bei Wechseln in Berufe mit neuen Tätigkeiten und Anforderungen, aber auch Wechsel in den gleichen Beruf sind mit Einkommens- und Zufriedenheitszuwächsen verbunden. Die Analysen basieren auf der Stichprobe der Integrierten Arbeitsmarktbiografien (SIAB) und dem Sozio-oekonomischen Panel (SOEP). Die Studie ist entstanden in Zusammenarbeit mit dem RWI – Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung unter der Leitung von Prof. Dr. Ronald Bachmann und seinem Autorenteam bestehend aus Inga Heinze, Dr. Lukas Hörnig und Roman Klauser." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
-
Literaturhinweis
New jobs, new joys? Monetary and non-monetary returns to occupational mobility (2025)
Zitatform
Bachmann, Ronald, Inga Heinze & Roman Klauser (2025): New jobs, new joys? Monetary and non-monetary returns to occupational mobility. (Ruhr economic papers 1182), Essen, 42 S. DOI:10.4419/96973367
Abstract
"Worker mobility plays a central role in facilitating structural change and addressing labour shortages in labour markets. This paper examines the incentives for workers to change jobs or occupations by analyzing subsequent gains in earnings and job satisfaction. We distinguish between different types of mobility based on changes in occupational content and complexity. The results reveal that job mobility is positively associated with both wage and job satisfaction gains. While this relationship holds across most forms of mobility, the largest improvements are observed for horizontal mobility, i.e. a change of occupational content at the same level of occupational complexity, and diagonal mobility, i.e. a change of both occupational content and complexity. Our findings indicate substantial heterogeneities across worker groups: while women who change jobs experience wage growth comparable to men, women who remain in their job exhibit lower wage growth. For workers with a migration background, mobility primarily yields monetary benefits, whereas increases in job satisfaction are smaller than for non-migrant workers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Fachkräfte gewinnen und halten: Wie Engpassbereiche attraktiver werden (2025)
Zitatform
Bachmann, Ronald & Inga Heinze (2025): Fachkräfte gewinnen und halten. Wie Engpassbereiche attraktiver werden. Güthersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung, 95 S. DOI:10.11586/2025081
Abstract
"Der deutsche Arbeitsmarkt ist durch einen sich verschärfenden Fachkräftemangel gekennzeichnet. Vor diesem Hintergrund zielt die vorliegende Studie darauf ab, die Bestimmungsfaktoren beruflicher Wechsel in Engpassberufe hinein und aus diesen Berufen heraus zu untersuchen. Faktoren, die Zuflüsse erhöhen oder Abflüsse verringern, können den Fachkräftemangel reduzieren. Die Untersuchung erstreckt sich sowohl auf den gesamten deutschen Arbeitsmarkt als auch im Besonderen auf drei Fokusbereiche, die vom Fachkräftemangel besonders stark betroffen sind und die überdies für die Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft Deutschlands eine wichtige Rolle spielen. Bei den besagten Bereichen handelt es sich um das Handwerk, die Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien ("IKT") und den Gesundheits- und Pflegebereich. Die der Untersuchung zugrunde liegenden Daten entstammen der Engpassanalyse der Bundesagentur für Arbeit zur Identifikation von Engpassbereichen, administrative Daten zu sozialversicherungspflichtig Beschäftigten und weiteren Quellen zu beruflichen Merkmalen wie Lohn oder Arbeitszufriedenheit." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
-
Literaturhinweis
Beyond Human Capital: Mobility intentions, IT skills, and the Early Gender Wage Gap (2025)
Zitatform
Barigozzi, Francesca, Natalia Montinari, Giovanni Righetto & Alessandro Tampieri (2025): Beyond Human Capital: Mobility intentions, IT skills, and the Early Gender Wage Gap. (Quaderni - working paper DSE / Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Department of Economics 1212), Bologna, 34 S.
Abstract
"In most countries, women systematically outperform men in academic achievement across fields of study. Yet within a year of graduation, they earn less, face lower employment rates, and are more likely to work part-time. If human capital were the sole determinant of pay, this pattern would be difficult to reconcile. We address this puzzle by extending the statistical discrimination framework 'a la Phelps (1972) to include not only human capital but also additional components of productivity, such as IT skills and mobility intentions -the willingness to travel or relocate for work -which might capture candidates' technological proficiency and adaptability. Using rich microdata from the AlmaLaurea survey of master's graduates from the University of Bologna (2015–2022), we show that while human capital alone predicts no gender wage gap in favor of men, combining it with mobility intentions reproduces the early wage disadvantage observed for women in Economics and Engineering. We further show that IT skills -an observable CV trait constructed from multiple IT-skill items- reduce the residual gender wage gap, especially in Engineering. Our findings highlight the importance of complementing human capital with field-specific preference and skill traits to explain-and potentially address-early gender wage gaps." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Aspekt auswählen:
- Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
- Theoretische Konzepte und Methoden
-
Berufliche Mobilität in Deutschland
- Institutionelle und sozioökonomische Determinanten beruflicher Mobilität
- Berufliche Mobilität bei Einzelberufen/Berufsgruppen/Fachrichtungen
- Berufliche Mobilität bei besonderen Personengruppen
- Berufliche Mobilität und Qualifikation
- Berufliche Mobilität und Einkommen
- Berufliche Mobilität und Auf-/Abstiegsprozesse
- Berufliche Mobilitätsverläufe
- Berufliche Mobilität in anderen Ländern