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Berufliche Mobilität

Eine Tätigkeit, die mehr Spaß verspricht, ein höheres Gehalt oder bessere Entwicklungsperspektiven: Es gibt viele Gründe, nicht länger im erlernten oder ausgeübten Beruf tätig zu sein. Nicht immer sind sie jedoch so erfreulich: Auslöser kann auch eine Entlassung sein.

Dieses Themendossier bietet Literaturhinweise zur beruflichen Mobilitätsforschung in Deutschland und in anderen Ländern. Sie erschließt theoretische Ansätze und empirische Ergebnisse - beispielsweise zu den Fragen: Sind Berufswechsel lohnend? Für wen sind sie mit besonderen Risiken verbunden? Wie gut lassen sich bei einem beruflichen Neustart die bisher erworbenen Qualifikationen verwerten?
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  • Literaturhinweis

    Technologischer Wandel und Löhne: Die Anpassung der Berufe spielt eine entscheidende Rolle (2026)

    Bachmann, Ronald ; Demir, Gökay; Uhlendorff, Arne ; Green, Colin ;

    Zitatform

    Bachmann, Ronald, Gökay Demir, Colin Green & Arne Uhlendorff (2026): Technologischer Wandel und Löhne: Die Anpassung der Berufe spielt eine entscheidende Rolle. (IAB-Kurzbericht 01/2026), Nürnberg, 8 S. DOI:10.48720/IAB.KB.2601

    Abstract

    "Technischer Fortschritt verändert die Arbeitswelt - besonders in Berufen, in denen viele Tätigkeiten leicht automatisiert werden können. In den letzten Jahrzehnten ist der Anteil an Routinetätigkeiten in vielen Berufen deutlich zurückgegangen - häufig zugunsten nicht routine­mäßiger kognitiver Tätigkeiten wie Analysieren, Planen oder Beraten. Dabei verzeichnen Berufe, deren Tätigkeiten sich im Laufe der Zeit stärker an den technologischen Wandel angepasst haben, steigende Löhne. Sie zeichnen sich zudem durch intensivere Weiterbildungsaktivitäten aus. In Berufen, deren Tätigkeitsprofil sich kaum verändert hat, stagnieren die Löhne dagegen häufiger." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

    Beteiligte aus dem IAB

    Demir, Gökay; Uhlendorff, Arne ;
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  • Literaturhinweis

    Does Performance Pay Deter Job Quits? (2025)

    Artz, Benjamin ; Heywood, John S. ;

    Zitatform

    Artz, Benjamin & John S. Heywood (2025): Does Performance Pay Deter Job Quits? (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 17791), Bonn, 35 S.

    Abstract

    "We use US longitudinal survey data to examine the role of performance pay (other than profit sharing) in worker quit decisions. We argue that performance pay should increasingly be viewed as an indicator of an internal labor market rather than of a simple contemporaneous incentive. Suggestive of this claim, we find that in ever more complete specifications that account for worker and employer characteristics, aggregate earnings and worker job satisfaction, performance pay is associated with a reduced probability of worker quits. This remains when including worker fixed effects that control for unmeasured invariant heterogeneity. We investigate how it varies with the type of performance pay and its intensity. We confirm heterogeneity in this influence by workplace size." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Erfolgreiche Jobwechsel: Wie berufliche Mobilität Einkommen und Arbeitszufriedenheit steigert (2025)

    Bachmann, Ronald ; Klauser, Roman; Heinze, Inga; Hörnig, Lukas ;

    Zitatform

    Bachmann, Ronald, Inga Heinze, Lukas Hörnig & Roman Klauser (2025): Erfolgreiche Jobwechsel. Wie berufliche Mobilität Einkommen und Arbeitszufriedenheit steigert. Gütersloh, 67 S. DOI:10.11586/2024198

    Abstract

    "Die Studie untersucht die Auswirkungen beruflicher Mobilität auf das Einkommen und die Arbeitszufriedenheit von Beschäftigten in Deutschland. Sie zeigt, dass ein Stellenwechsel häufig mit einem Zuwachs an Einkommen und Zufriedenheit verbunden ist – vor allem bei Unzufriedenen. Die größten Gewinne ergeben sich bei Wechseln in Berufe mit neuen Tätigkeiten und Anforderungen, aber auch Wechsel in den gleichen Beruf sind mit Einkommens- und Zufriedenheitszuwächsen verbunden. Die Analysen basieren auf der Stichprobe der Integrierten Arbeitsmarktbiografien (SIAB) und dem Sozio-oekonomischen Panel (SOEP). Die Studie ist entstanden in Zusammenarbeit mit dem RWI – Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung unter der Leitung von Prof. Dr. Ronald Bachmann und seinem Autorenteam bestehend aus Inga Heinze, Dr. Lukas Hörnig und Roman Klauser." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Beyond Human Capital: Mobility intentions, IT skills, and the Early Gender Wage Gap (2025)

    Barigozzi, Francesca ; Montinari, Natalia ; Tampieri, Alessandro; Righetto, Giovanni ;

    Zitatform

    Barigozzi, Francesca, Natalia Montinari, Giovanni Righetto & Alessandro Tampieri (2025): Beyond Human Capital: Mobility intentions, IT skills, and the Early Gender Wage Gap. (Quaderni - working paper DSE / Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Department of Economics 1212), Bologna, 34 S.

    Abstract

    "In most countries, women systematically outperform men in academic achievement across fields of study. Yet within a year of graduation, they earn less, face lower employment rates, and are more likely to work part-time. If human capital were the sole determinant of pay, this pattern would be difficult to reconcile. We address this puzzle by extending the statistical discrimination framework 'a la Phelps (1972) to include not only human capital but also additional components of productivity, such as IT skills and mobility intentions -the willingness to travel or relocate for work -which might capture candidates' technological proficiency and adaptability. Using rich microdata from the AlmaLaurea survey of master's graduates from the University of Bologna (2015–2022), we show that while human capital alone predicts no gender wage gap in favor of men, combining it with mobility intentions reproduces the early wage disadvantage observed for women in Economics and Engineering. We further show that IT skills -an observable CV trait constructed from multiple IT-skill items- reduce the residual gender wage gap, especially in Engineering. Our findings highlight the importance of complementing human capital with field-specific preference and skill traits to explain-and potentially address-early gender wage gaps." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Testing the Psychological Costs of Intergenerational Social Mobility: Evidence from a German Panel Study (2025)

    Becker, Michael ; Bihler, Lilly-Marlen ; Wagner, Jenny ; Neugebauer, Martin ;

    Zitatform

    Becker, Michael, Lilly-Marlen Bihler, Martin Neugebauer & Jenny Wagner (2025): Testing the Psychological Costs of Intergenerational Social Mobility: Evidence from a German Panel Study. In: Social Science & Medicine, Jg. 384. DOI:10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118522

    Abstract

    "This study investigates the psychological costs of intergenerational social mobility, focusing on both upward and downward mobility. While prior research has often overlooked the role of selection effects, we explicitly disentangle whether disparities in mental health and well-being are attributable to the experience of social mobility itself or to pre-existing individual differences. Using data from a German panel study that follows individuals from late adolescence (age 18) into work-life (age 30), we assess psychological adjustment for different forms of social mobility based on individuals’ own educational attainment relative to theirparents’. We apply entropy balancing to compare models with and without adjustment for selection effects. Initial results, unadjusted for selection, show that downward mobility is linked to poorer mental health and well-being, supporting the “falling-from-grace” hypothesis. In contrast, upward mobility shows no significant association with mental health outcomes, aligning with the “acculturation” hypothesis. Crucially, when accounting for selection, the apparent disadvantages of downward mobility disappear. Our findings suggest that psychological costs attributed to social mobility are primarily the result of pre-existing vulnerabilities rather than mobility itself, emphasizing the importance of considering selection processes in research on social mobility and health." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Der Zusammenhang zwischen der sozialen Herkunft und der zurückgelegten räumlichen Distanz am Übergang von der Schule in eine Ausbildung oder ein Studium (2025)

    Behringer, Tom;

    Zitatform

    Behringer, Tom (2025): Der Zusammenhang zwischen der sozialen Herkunft und der zurückgelegten räumlichen Distanz am Übergang von der Schule in eine Ausbildung oder ein Studium. In: Zeitschrift für Soziologie, Jg. 54, H. 3, S. 322-341. DOI:10.1515/zfsoz-2025-2022

    Abstract

    "Mehrere Studien konstatieren einen Einfluss der sozialen Herkunft auf die räumliche Distanz, die junge Erwachsene am Übergang von der Schule in ein Studium zurücklegen. Dieser Beitrag untersucht, inwiefern die soziale Herkunft auch mit der zurückgelegten räumlichen Distanz am Übergang von der Schule in eine Ausbildung zusammenhängt. Darüber hinaus wird analysiert, inwiefern sich der Zusammenhang zwischen sozialer Herkunft und zurückgelegter räumlicher Distanz danach unterscheidet, ob eine Ausbildung, ein Fachhochschulstudium oder ein Universitätsstudium aufgenommen wird, da diese Differenzierung bislang ebenfalls wenig berücksichtigt wurde. Zur Bearbeitung der beiden Forschungsbedarfe werden erstmals im Forschungsfeld die längsschnittlichen Daten der Startkohorten 3 und 4 des nationalen Bildungspanels (NEPS) verwendet und mit diesen multiple lineare Regressionsmodelle berechnet. Als zentrales Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass junge Erwachsene bei allen drei Arten von Übergängen gleichermaßen durch ein akademisches Elternhaus statt eines nicht-akademischen Elternhauses im Durchschnitt eine etwas größere räumliche Distanz zurücklegen. Dies weist angesichts der festgestellten Bedeutung von räumlicher Mobilität im Bildungsverlauf für den späteren Lebensverlauf darauf hin, dass bei allen drei Bildungswegen durch die herkunftsbedingt ungleiche räumliche Mobilität ungleiche bildungs- und arbeitsmarktbezogene Verwertungsmöglichkeiten von Bildungsabschlüssen nach der sozialen Herkunft bestehen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Employee-owned firms and the careers of young workers (2025)

    Burdin, Gabriel; Garcia-Louzao, Jose ;

    Zitatform

    Burdin, Gabriel & Jose Garcia-Louzao (2025): Employee-owned firms and the careers of young workers. In: Labour Economics, Jg. 93. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102686

    Abstract

    "Using detailed administrative data from Spain, we characterize how a first work experience in an employee-owned firm (EOF) versus a conventional firm can affect workers’ careers. We find that workers’ exposure to EOFs at the time of entry reduces daily wages by 8% over the first 15 years in the labor market. The wage penalty appears to be driven by differences in job mobility and wage returns to experience rather than by non-random selection. We show that workers who had their first job in EOFs have a strong attachment to this organizational model and are less likely to experience both voluntary and involuntary job separations over their careers, with quit and layoff rates 8% and 4% lower, respectively. In addition, we quantify lower wage returns to experience in EOFs, although there are no differences in subsequent career progression in terms of promotions. Taken together, the analysis suggests the existence of other job amenities offered by EOFs that may compensate for flatter wage profiles." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2025 Elsevier) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Firm Pay and Worker Search (2025)

    Caldwell, Sydnee; Heining, Jörg; Haegele, Ingrid;

    Zitatform

    Caldwell, Sydnee, Ingrid Haegele & Jörg Heining (2025): Firm Pay and Worker Search. (NBER working paper / National Bureau of Economic Research 33445), Cambridge, Mass, 142 S.

    Abstract

    "Whether and how workers search on the job depends on their beliefs about pay and working conditions in other firms. Yet little is known about workers' knowledge of outside pay. We use a large-scale survey of full-time German workers, linked to their Social Security records, to elicit pay expectations and preferences over specific outside firms. Workers believe that they face considerable heterogeneity in their outside pay options, and direct their search toward firms they believe would pay them more. Workers' expected firm-specific pay premia are highly correlated with pay policies observed in administrative records and with workers' valuations of firm-specific amenities. Most workers are unwilling to search for a new Job - or leave their current firm - even for substantial pay increases. Switching costs are equivalent to 7 to 18% of a worker's annual pay. Attachment varies across firms, and cannot be explained by either differences in firm-specific amenities or switching costs." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

    Beteiligte aus dem IAB

    Heining, Jörg;
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  • Literaturhinweis

    Finding a better job: The geography of socio-professional mobility during working life (2025)

    Charruau, Paul ; Epaulard, Anne;

    Zitatform

    Charruau, Paul & Anne Epaulard (2025): Finding a better job: The geography of socio-professional mobility during working life. In: Regional Science and Urban Economics, Jg. 115. DOI:10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104162

    Abstract

    "What determines the chances of moving up or down to better or worse jobs? We examine how local labor markets influence individuals’ socio-professional mobility throughout their working lives, focusing on large promotions and demotions. Using an empirical strategy that accounts for spatial sorting bias, applied to a sample of approximately 350,000 workers in France between 2009 and 2015, we find that job density, local human capital, and labor market size significantly increase the likelihood of being promoted to a higher socio-professional status. The effect of local factors is stronger for external promotions (outside the firm) than for internal ones. Moreover, experience accumulated in the most densely populated and educated areas continues to enhance promotion prospects, even after relocating to less dense or educated areas. This dynamic effect of promotion explains around 16% of the wage premium associated with experience in dense areas. Finally, we show that agglomerations effects on promotion are driven more by human capital externalities and proximity to other dense markets than by pure urbanization or scale effects." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Knowledge Spillovers, Competition, and Individual Careers (2025)

    Cornelissen, Thomas ; Dustmann, Christian ; Schönberg, Uta;

    Zitatform

    Cornelissen, Thomas, Christian Dustmann & Uta Schönberg (2025): Knowledge Spillovers, Competition, and Individual Careers. (RF Berlin - CReAM Discussion Paper Series 2025,80), Berlin, 66 S.

    Abstract

    "Exposure to better peers in the workplace can influence career trajectories through two opposing channels: positively, via knowledge spillovers, and negatively, through competition for advancement. We disentangle these effects by studying untrained labor market entrants and distinguishing between coworkers in the same occupation with whom they are likely to compete versus those with whom they are unlikely to compete. We find robust evidence of persistent knowledge spillovers but also identify countervailing competition effects of comparable magnitude. Both effects are more pronounced for men than for women." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

    Beteiligte aus dem IAB

    Dustmann, Christian ; Schönberg, Uta;
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  • Literaturhinweis

    Firm consolidation and labor market outcomes (2025)

    Dobbelaere, Sabien ; Sovago, Sandor ; Prinz, Daniel ; McCormack, Grace ;

    Zitatform

    Dobbelaere, Sabien, Grace McCormack, Daniel Prinz & Sandor Sovago (2025): Firm consolidation and labor market outcomes. In: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Jg. 235. DOI:10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107036

    Abstract

    "Using rich administrative data from the Netherlands, we study the consequences of firm consolidation for workers. For workers at acquired firms, takeovers are associated with a 8.5% drop in employment at the consolidated firm and a 2.6% drop in total labor income. These effects persist even four years after the takeover and are consistent with job losses driven by involuntary separations. Few takeovers change labor market concentration meaningfully. Instead, restructuring at consolidating firms is likely to be an important mechanism behind our findings. Specifically, workers with skills that are already present at acquirers are less likely to be retained and overtime hours and part-time work are reduced." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2025 Published by Elsevier B.V.) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Beruflicher Wandel in Rheinland-Pfalz: Nimmt die Bedeutung umweltschonender Kompetenzen zu? (2025)

    Faißt, Christian; Wapler, Rüdiger; Jahn, Daniel; Otto, Anne ; Hamann, Silke ; Wydra-Somaggio, Gabriele ; Janser, Markus ;

    Zitatform

    Faißt, Christian, Silke Hamann, Daniel Jahn, Markus Janser, Anne Otto, Rüdiger Wapler & Gabriele Wydra-Somaggio (2025): Beruflicher Wandel in Rheinland-Pfalz: Nimmt die Bedeutung umweltschonender Kompetenzen zu? (IAB-Regional. Berichte und Analysen aus dem Regionalen Forschungsnetz. IAB Rheinland-Pfalz-Saarland 02/2025), Nürnberg, 39 S. DOI:10.48720/IAB.RERPS.2502

    Abstract

    "Die ökologische Transformation hat weitreichende Auswirkungen auf den gesamten Arbeitsmarkt und gleichfalls auf die Anforderungen in Berufen. So lässt sich in der jüngeren Vergangenheit in Deutschland ein Bedeutungswandel von Berufen mit überwiegend umweltbelastenden hin zu solchen mit mehr umweltschonenden Kompetenzen beobachten. Im Mittelpunkt der vorliegenden Studie steht die Frage, welche Intensität dieser Wandel an Kompetenzen bei Berufen im Beobachtungszeitraum von 2013 bis 2022 in Rheinland-Pfalz aufweist. In der Studie wird zum einen betrachtet, wie sich der Stellenwert von umweltfreundlichen Berufen für die Gesamtbeschäftigung in diesem Bundesland sowie in dessen Regionen entwickelt hat. Zum anderen wird die Bedeutung unterschiedlicher Wirkungskanäle für den beruflichen Wandel analysiert. Die ökologische Transformation wird auf Grundlage eines Tätigkeitsansatzes untersucht. Hierzu wird für jeden Beruf der Greenness-of-Jobs-Index berechnet, welcher innerhalb jeden Berufs auf der Differenz von umweltfreundlichen („Green“) und umweltschädlichen („Brown“) Skills beruht. Im Bundesländervergleich liegt der Beschäftigtenanteil von Berufen mit Green Skills im Jahr 2022 in Rheinland-Pfalz (20,0 %) im Mittelfeld, dies gilt ebenfalls für den Beschäftigtenanteil von Berufen mit Brown Skills (18,4 %). In allen Bundesländern hat sich der Anteil der Beschäftigten in Berufen mit Green Skills stark erhöht, aber die Anteile der Beschäftigung in Berufen mit Brown Skills haben sich nur jeweils geringfügig verringert. Die Beschäftigung in Berufen mit Green Skills stieg in Rheinland-Pfalz von 2013 bis 2022 um 55 Prozent und damit erheblich stärker verglichen mit dem Zuwachs von Berufen mit Brown Skills (8,4 %) und auch dem Beschäftigungsaufbau insgesamt (16,1 %). Die Frage ist, welche Wirkungskanäle für diese Entwicklung verantwortlich sind. Hierfür wurden zwei unterschiedliche Effekte des beruflichen Wandels auf die Beschäftigung verglichen. Auf der einen Seite können neue Beschäftigungen in Berufen mit Green Skills aufgenommen werden, ohne dass sich die Kompetenzstruktur des Berufs verändert hat. Auf der anderen Seite können Kompetenzen in einem vorher als White oder Brown eingestuften Beruf sich derart geändert haben, dass dieser Beruf dann als einer mit Green Skills eingestuft wird. Die vergleichende Betrachtung der Entwicklung der Gesamtbeschäftigung – Effekte aufgrund von konstanter und veränderter Kompetenzstruktur – hat für Rheinland-Pfalz gezeigt, dass die Beschäftigung in Berufen mit Green Skills stärker dadurch gestiegen ist, dass die Zahl der Berufe, die 2022 (aber nicht 2013) zu den umweltschonenden Berufen zählen, zunahm, als durch die zusätzlich noch neu entstandenen Beschäftigungsverhältnisse in den Berufen. D. h. vor allem der Wandel innerhalb der Berufe spielt hier eine entscheidende Rolle. Die Beschäftigung in Berufen mit Brown Skills ist insgesamt nicht so stark gewachsen; der Bedeutungszuwachs in Berufen mit Brown Skills war unter Einbeziehung der Veränderung der Kompetenzstruktur höher als bei konstanter Kompetenzstruktur. Außerdem zeigt die Analyse zur Änderung der Struktur der neu begonnenen Beschäftigungen in Rheinland-Pfalz ebenfalls, dass sich deren Zusammensetzung zugunsten von Berufen mit Green Skills verändert hat. Zudem hat der Anteil von Beschäftigungswechseln aus Berufen mit White bzw. Brown Skills in solche mit Green Skills in der Vergangenheit deutlich zugenommen. Berufswechsel sind daher für den Wandel der Berufe im Zuge der ökologischen Transformation erheblich. Hinzu kommt, dass jüngere Menschen häufiger eine (duale) Berufsausbildung in einem Beruf mit vorwiegend umweltschützenden Skills begonnen haben." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    A Relative Measure of Economic Insecurity and the Nexus with Job Change (2025)

    Gallo, Alessandro; Pacei, Silvia ; Ferrante, Maria Rosaria;

    Zitatform

    Gallo, Alessandro, Silvia Pacei & Maria Rosaria Ferrante (2025): A Relative Measure of Economic Insecurity and the Nexus with Job Change. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 178, H. 1, S. 91-116. DOI:10.1007/s11205-025-03530-z

    Abstract

    "Economic insecurity is attracting growing attention in the social well-being literature. However, there is still debate about its definition and measurement which deserve further and in depth study. Assuming that economic insecurity relates to the forward-looking perception of future outcomes based on past experience, we suggest a class of relative indices measuring the individual feeling of economic insecurity by considering relative past resource fluctuations. The innovation we implement in this context consists in considering relative changes, supposing that individuals evaluate each fluctuation based on their previous resource level. We take advantage of the measures suggested to study how economic insecurity may affect job mobility. Obtained results show that economic insecurity has a significant impact on the probability of changing jobs, and that its effect differs by gender and working experience." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The contribution of employer changes to aggregate wage mobility (2025)

    Hollandt, Nils Torben; Müller, Steffen ;

    Zitatform

    Hollandt, Nils Torben & Steffen Müller (2025): The contribution of employer changes to aggregate wage mobility. In: Oxford economic papers, Jg. 77, H. 2, S. 490-515. DOI:10.1093/oep/gpae038

    Abstract

    "Wage mobility reduces the persistence of wage inequality. We develop a framework to quantify the contribution of employer-to-employer movers to aggregate wage mobility. Using three decades of German social security data, we find that inequality increased while aggregate wage mobility decreased. Employer-to-employer movers exhibit higher wage mobility, mainly due to changes in employer wage premia at job change. The massive structural changes following German unification temporarily led to a high number of movers, which in turn boosted aggregate wage mobility. Wage mobility is much lower at the bottom of the wage distribution, and the decline in aggregate wage mobility since the 1980s is concentrated there. The overall decline can be mostly attributed to a reduction in wage mobility per mover, which is due to a compositional shift toward lower-wage movers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Oxford University Press) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Psychosocial factors contributing to turnover intention among employees in the hospitality industry: a systematic review (2025)

    Krishnan, Sanggari ; Rathakrishnan, Balan ;

    Zitatform

    Krishnan, Sanggari & Balan Rathakrishnan (2025): Psychosocial factors contributing to turnover intention among employees in the hospitality industry: a systematic review. In: Current psychology, Jg. 44, H. 7, S. 5744-5765. DOI:10.1007/s12144-025-07550-3

    Abstract

    "This systematic review discusses the psychosocial factors contributing to turnover intention among hospitality workers over the past decade. Turnover is a problem experienced worldwide and, if left unresolved, could seriously impact the provision of good hospitality services. This industry survives through customer service where talented workers are vital to ensure consistent quality. It is imperative to understand the reasons behind the workers’ intention to leave the organization to aid in imparting constructive and operative efforts to develop existing human capitalfor better growth. A thorough electronic database search was conducted to identify the most relevant journal articles published in various journals within the last 10 years. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flowchart was used to identify the articles for review. The factors were categorized into three different categories known as personal/emotional (individual level), work environment/social (unit level), and organizational and environment (organizational level) factors. Factors such as psychological distress, job satisfaction, and work stress were identified at the individual level; job overload, supervisor incivility, and management pressure were identified at the unit level; career advancement, organisational support, and work-family conflict were identified under organizational factors. This review has shown that push factors at all three levels contribute to turnover more than pull factors and determined prominent factors under each revised category. The industry may focus on creating new systems, policies, methods, or additional support to improve the internal factors to reduce employee turnover intention and increase retention among valuable employees." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Generalized Intergenerational Mobility Regressions (2025)

    Maasoumi, Esfandiar; Wang, Le ; Zhang, Daiqiang ;

    Zitatform

    Maasoumi, Esfandiar, Le Wang & Daiqiang Zhang (2025): Generalized Intergenerational Mobility Regressions. In: Sociological methods & research, Jg. 54, H. 4, S. 1594-1623. DOI:10.1177/00491241251357586

    Abstract

    "Current research on intergenerational mobility (IGM) is informed by statistical approaches based on log-level regressions, whose economic interpretations remain largely unknown. We reveal the subjective value-judgments in them: they are represented by weighted-sums (or aggregators) over heterogeneous groups, with controversial economic properties. Log-level regressions tend to overrepresent the experiences of middle-class children while underrepresenting those from disadvantaged families. We propose a general construction of IGM measures that can incorporate any transparent economic preferences. They are interpreted as the marginal effect of parental normalized social welfare on children’s normalized welfare. Conventional regressions are special cases with implicit economic preferences that fail inequality-aversion and the Pigou–Dalton principle of transfers. Empirically, a variety of economic preferences, with varying inequality aversion, demonstrate a nuanced view of mobility, and perspectives on geographic-differences and dynamics of it." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Inequality of Opportunity, Income Mobility, and the Interpretation of Intergenerational Elasticities, Correlations, and Rank-Rank Slopes (2025)

    Mitnik, Pablo A. ;

    Zitatform

    Mitnik, Pablo A. (2025): Inequality of Opportunity, Income Mobility, and the Interpretation of Intergenerational Elasticities, Correlations, and Rank-Rank Slopes. In: Sociological methods & research, Jg. 54, H. 4, S. 1289-1338. DOI:10.1177/00491241251352102

    Abstract

    "Although there is an extensive methodological literature on the measurement of intergenerational income mobility, there has been limited research on the conceptual interpretation of mobility measures and the methodological implications of those interpretations. In this article, I focus on the three measures of mobility most frequently used in the literature—the intergenerational elasticity (IGE), the intergenerational correlation (IGC), and the rank-rank slope (RRS)—as well as a recently introduced measure, the intergenerational elasticity of expected income (IGEE). I make two main contributions, both related to the conceptual interpretation of mobility measures. First, I specify the formal relationships between those four mobility measures and the measures of inequality of opportunity developed in the luck egalitarian empirical literature on the topic, and determine the methodological implications of the analyses. I show that (a) the IGC is a measure of relative inequality of opportunity for monetary income, (b) the RRS is both a measure of relative inequality of opportunity for income rank and a rescaled measure of absolute inequality of opportunity for income rank, and (c) the products of parental income inequality by the IGEE and IGE are both measures of absolute inequality of opportunity for monetary income that differ in how they measure the value of opportunity sets. Second, relying on a conceptual distinction that has been influential in the field of public finance, the IGE and IGEE have been characterized as “person-weighted” and “dollar-weighted” elasticities, respectively, thus raising doubts about the desirability of a recent proposal to replace the IGE by the IGEE as the workhorse elasticity of the mobility field. I show that this contrasting characterization of the two intergenerational elasticities is the joint result of a category mistake—equating quantile-specific elasticities to person-specific elasticities—and of misconstruing the nature of the IGE and the epistemic goal it has been meant to serve. Based on this analysis, I conclude that the case for replacing the IGE with the IGEE remains well-founded." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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    Long-Run Career Outcomes of Multiple Job Holding (2025)

    Muffert, Johanna; Riphahn, Regina T. ;

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    Muffert, Johanna & Regina T. Riphahn (2025): Long-Run Career Outcomes of Multiple Job Holding. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 17605), Bonn, 57 S.

    Abstract

    "Multiple job holding (MJH) is increasingly frequent in industrialized countries. Individuals holding a secondary job add to their experience, skills, and networks. We study the long-run labor market outcomes after MJH and investigate whether career effects can be validated. We employ high-quality administrative data from Germany. Our doubly robust estimation method combines entropy balancing with fixed effects difference-in-differences regressions. We find that income from primary employment declines after MJH spells and overall annual earnings from all jobs increase briefly. Job mobility increases after MJH spells. Interestingly, the beneficial long-term effects of MJH are largest for disadvantaged groups in the labor market such as females, those with low earnings, and low education. Overall, we find only limited benefits of MJH." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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    Fostering leadership aspirations through participative decision-making: Insights into gender differences (2025)

    Plückelmann, Clara ; Sczesny, Sabine ; Bernhard-Oettel, Claudia ; Gustafsson Senden, Marie ;

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    Plückelmann, Clara, Claudia Bernhard-Oettel, Sabine Sczesny & Marie Gustafsson Senden (2025): Fostering leadership aspirations through participative decision-making: Insights into gender differences. In: Economic and Industrial Democracy, S. 1-23. DOI:10.1177/0143831x251380963

    Abstract

    "Organizations face challenges in leadership succession, partly due to reduced employee interest in progressing to leadership roles. This study examined participative decision-making (PDM) as a strategy to foster leadership aspiration and whether it is particularly beneficial for women, who often encounter barriers in the workplace. A cross-sectional study in Sweden surveyed non-leaders (N = 749) and leaders (N = 240) on their leadership aspirations and perceived inclusion in PDM. Results showed PDM was positively related to aspiration in both groups. Among non-leaders, the relationship was stronger for women; among leaders, unexpectedly, stronger for men. Results and practical implications are discussed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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    Performance evaluations and employee turnover intentions: Empirical evidence from linked employer-employee data (2025)

    Pohlan, Laura ; Steffes, Susanne;

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    Pohlan, Laura & Susanne Steffes (2025): Performance evaluations and employee turnover intentions: Empirical evidence from linked employer-employee data. In: Industrial Relations, Jg. 64, H. 3, S. 395-433., 2024-09-03. DOI:10.1111/irel.12379

    Abstract

    "In this article, we study whether performance evaluations can serve as an instrument for firms to increase employee retention. Feedback on one's own performance may affect individual turnover intentions differently depending on the relative wage rank of workers among their peers. In line with these considerations, empirical evidence based on panel employer–employee data shows that relatively low-paid employees decrease their turnover intentions after the implementation of a performance evaluation system at the establishment level. We find no effect for relatively high-paid employees." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Wiley) ((en))

    Beteiligte aus dem IAB

    Pohlan, Laura ;
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