matching – Suchprozesse am Arbeitsmarkt
Offene Stellen bei gleichzeitiger Arbeitslosigkeit - was Arbeitsmarkttheorien u. a. mit "unvollkommener Information" begründen, ist für Unternehmen und Arbeitsuchende oft nur schwer nachzuvollziehen: Unternehmen können freie Stellen nicht besetzen, trotzdem finden Arbeitsuchende nur schwer den passenden Job. Wie gestalten sich die Suchprozesse bei Unternehmen und Arbeitsuchenden, welche Konzessionen sind beide Seiten bereit einzugehen, wie lässt sich das "matching" verbessern?
Diese Infoplattform bietet wissenschaftliche Literatur zur theoretischen und empirischen Auseinandersetzung mit dem Thema.
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Literaturhinweis
Inconsistent time preferences and on-the-job search: When it pays to be naive (2019)
Zitatform
Fahn, Matthias & Regina Seibel (2019): Inconsistent time preferences and on-the-job search. When it pays to be naive. (CESifo working paper 7604), München, 21 S.
Abstract
"We study optimal employment contracts for present-biased employees who can conduct on-the-job-search. Presuming that firms cannot offer long-term contracts, we find that individuals who are naive about their present bias will actually be better off than sophisticated or time-consistent individuals. Moreover, they search more, which partially counteracts the inefficiencies caused by their present bias." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Job search under asymmetric information: endogenous wage dispersion and unemployment stigma (2019)
Zitatform
Feng, Shuaizhang, Lars Lefgren, Brennan C. Platt & Bingyong Zheng (2019): Job search under asymmetric information: endogenous wage dispersion and unemployment stigma. In: Economic Theory, Jg. 67, H. 4, S. 817-851. DOI:10.1007/s00199-018-1099-7
Abstract
"We present a model of directed job search with asymmetric information regarding worker type. While job applicants know their productivity type, firms can only observe the duration of unemployment as well as a noisy signal of worker type. Firms can offer an unscreened wage or a wage that is conditioned on passing the screening and the duration of unemployment. This framework leads to three possible equilibria, which depend on model parameter values. We describe the circumstances under, which each equilibrium may result and the empirical implications of each equilibrium. Our model sheds light into wage scarring, unemployment duration, wage dispersion and firm-wage sorting, as well as the effects of unemployment insurance and minimum wages on search behavior and the distribution of wages." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Social comparisons in job search (2019)
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Fu, Jingcheng, Martin Sefton & Richard Upward (2019): Social comparisons in job search. In: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Jg. 168, S. 338-361. DOI:10.1016/j.jebo.2019.10.013
Abstract
Using a laboratory experiment we examine how social comparisons affect behavior in a sequential search task. In a control treatment subjects search in isolation, while in two other treatments subjects get feedback on the search decisions and outcomes of a partner subject. The average level and rate of decline of reservation wages are similar across treatments. Nevertheless, subjects who are able to make social comparisons search differently from those who search in isolation. Within a search task we observe a reference wage effect: when a partner exits, the subject chooses a new reservation wage which is increasing in partner income. We also observe a social comparison effect between search tasks: subjects whose partners in a previous task searched for longer choose a higher reservation wage in the next task. Our findings imply that the provision of social information can change job-seekers search behavior. (Author's Abstract, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Labor supply, income distribution, and tax progressivity in a search model (2019)
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Fu, Zhiming, Liang Wu & Ziguan Zhuang (2019): Labor supply, income distribution, and tax progressivity in a search model. In: The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics, Jg. 19, H. 1, S. 1-18. DOI:10.1515/bejm-2017-0185
Abstract
"We develop a search model with risk-averse households to study the impact of tax progressivity on labor supply and income inequality across education groups. Labor supply responses are considered along both intensive and extensive margins. Our quantitative results are consistent with those of the existing empirical literature. First, we find that a decline in tax progressivity associated with the Tax Reform Act of 1986 has a significant impact on the aggregate labor supply with approximately 61 percent occurred along the extensive margin. Second, households differ in their labor and income responses to tax reform. A decline in tax progressivity changes the income composition of each household by affecting labor supplies and asset holdings. This leads to an increase in income inequality. Therefore, the tax share paid by the most educated group rises due to an increase in capital income after tax reforms are instituted." (Author's abstract, © De Gruyter) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Quality-Weighted Matching Function: Did the German Labour Market Reforms Trade off Efficiency against Job Quality? (2019)
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Gartner, Hermann, Thomas Rothe & Enzo Weber (2019): The Quality-Weighted Matching Function: Did the German Labour Market Reforms Trade off Efficiency against Job Quality? (IAB-Discussion Paper 24/2019), Nürnberg, 14 S.
Abstract
"Wir analysieren den Zielkonflikt zwischen Umfang und Qualität der Beschäftigung, indem wir eine erweiterte Matching-Funktion schätzen, worin die Zahl der neue Beschäftigungsverhältnisse (Matches) mit deren Qualität gewichtet wird. Diesen Ansatz verwenden wir, um die Auswirkungen der Hartz-Reformen der Jahre 2003 bis 2005 auf den Arbeitsmarkt zu bewerten. In der Tat bestätigt sich, dass ein Teil der zusätzlichen Beschäftigungsverhältnisse durch schlechtere Qualität erkauft war. Auch bei konstanter Qualität der neuen Matches wäre aber gut die Hälfte des positiven Effektes auf die Matchingeffizienz infolge der Hartz-Reformen verblieben." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The Beveridge curve and labour market flows - a reinterpretation (2019)
Gottfries, Nils; Stadin, Karolina;Zitatform
Gottfries, Nils & Karolina Stadin (2019): The Beveridge curve and labour market flows - a reinterpretation. (CESifo working paper 7689), München, 52 S.
Abstract
"According to search-matching theory, the Beveridge curve slopes downward because vacancies are filled more quickly when unemployment is high. Using monthly panel data for local labour markets in Sweden we find no (or only weak) evidence that high unemployment makes it easier to fill vacancies. Instead, there are few vacancies when unemployment is high because there is a low inflow of new vacancies. We construct a simple model with on-the-job search and show that it is broadly consistent with the cyclical behaviour of stocks and flows in the labour market also without search frictions. In periods of high unemployment, fewer employed job seekers find new jobs and this leads to a smaller inflow of new vacancies." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Misallocation of talent and human capital: Political economy analysis (2019)
Gradstein, Mark;Zitatform
Gradstein, Mark (2019): Misallocation of talent and human capital. Political economy analysis. In: European Economic Review, Jg. 118, H. September, S. 148-157. DOI:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2019.05.010
Abstract
"Mismatches in the labor market, specifically because of underrepresentation of various population groups, carry significant economic cost. In this paper we argue, using a simple analytical model that an additional cost component is related to the effect of such underrepresentation on incentives to invest in human capital, which results in a mutual feedback relationship between the labor market and the skill acquisition market and may lead to economy's divergence. Further, it is shown that an initially advantaged group may have an incentive to minimize the bias against the disadvantaged group, and that political enfranchisement is the means to achieve a commitment to such a policy." (Author's abstract, © 2019 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Two-sided matching with (almost) one-sided preferences (2019)
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Haeringer, Guillaume & Vincent Iehlé (2019): Two-sided matching with (almost) one-sided preferences. In: American Economic Journal. Microeconomics, Jg. 11, H. 3, S. 155-190. DOI:10.1257/mic.20170115
Abstract
"In a two-sided matching context we show how we can predict stable matchings by considering only one side's preferences and the mutually acceptable pairs of agents. Our methodology consists of identifying impossible matches, i.e., pairs of agents that can never be matched together in a stable matching of any problem consistent with the partial data. We analyze data from the French academic job market for mathematicians and show that the match of about 45 percent of positions (and about 60 percent of candidates) does not depend on the preferences of the hired candidates, unobserved and submitted at the final stage of the market." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Performance pay and applicant screening (2019)
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Jirjahn, Uwe & Jens Mohrenweiser (2019): Performance pay and applicant screening. In: BJIR, Jg. 57, H. 3, S. 540-575. DOI:10.1111/bjir.12443
Abstract
"Using German establishment data, we show that the relationship between intensity of individual-based performance pay and intensity of applicant screening depends on the nature of production. In establishments with increased multitasking, performance pay is positively associated with applicant screening. By contrast, in establishments without increased multitasking, performance pay is negatively associated with applicant screening.We do not find a similar pattern of results for group-based performance pay or profit-sharing. Our findings fit the hypothesis that individual-based performance pay induces a positive self-sorting of employees if jobs are less multifaceted. In this case, employers with a high intensity of performance pay do not need intensive applicant screening to ensure a high quality of matches between workers and jobs. However, if jobs are more multifaceted, individual-based performance pay can entail problems of adverse self-sorting. In order to mitigate or overcome these problems, employers making intensive use of performance pay also screen applicants more intensively." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The role of spatial and skill mismatches: explaining long-term unemployment in Paris (2019)
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L'Horty, Yannick & Florent Sari (2019): The role of spatial and skill mismatches. Explaining long-term unemployment in Paris. In: Regional Studies. Journal of the Regional Studies Association, Jg. 53, H. 2, S. 283-296. DOI:10.1080/00343404.2018.1462480
Abstract
"In the Paris region, one can observe simultaneously the coexistence of a large and dynamic job pool with long-lasting periods of unemployment. This paradox reveals the importance of skill and spatial mismatch mechanisms, which are often used to explain disparities in local labour market outcomes. This paper uses several spatial models to measure the effects of these two mechanisms on unemployment durations in the Paris region. The results show that both problems affect municipalities close to the centre of Paris, while unemployment situations in municipalities on the fringes of the region are mainly affected by a lack of local employment dynamism." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Search and multiple jobholding (2019)
Zitatform
Lalé, Etienne (2019): Search and multiple jobholding. (IZA discussion paper 12294), Bonn, 52 S.
Abstract
"A search-theoretic model of the labor market with idiosyncratic fluctuations in hours worked, search both off- and on-the-job, and multiple jobholding is developed. Taking on a second job entails a commitment to hold onto the primary employer, enabling the worker to use the primary job as her outside option to bargain with the secondary employer. The model performs well at explaining multiple jobholding inflows and outflows, and it is informative for understanding the secular decline in multiple jobholding. While some worry that this decline heralds a less-flexible labor market, the model reveals that it has contributed to reducing search frictions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Selective hiring and welfare analysis in labor market models (2019)
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Merkl, Christian & Thijs van Rens (2019): Selective hiring and welfare analysis in labor market models. In: Labour economics, Jg. 57, H. April, S. 117-130. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2019.01.008
Abstract
"Firms select not only how many, but also which workers to hire. Yet, in most labor market models all workers have the same probability of being hired. We argue that selective hiring crucially affects welfare analysis. We set up a model that is isomorphic to a search model under random hiring but allows for selective hiring. With selective hiring, the positive predictions of the model change very little, but implications for welfare are different for two reasons. First, a hiring externality occurs with random but not with selective hiring. Second, the welfare costs of unemployment are much larger with selective hiring, because unemployment risk is distributed unequally across workers." (Author's abstract, © 2019 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Horizontal mismatch between employment and field of education: evidence from a systematic literature review (2019)
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Somers, Melline A., Sofie J. Cabus, Wim Groot & Henriëtte Maassen van den Brink (2019): Horizontal mismatch between employment and field of education. Evidence from a systematic literature review. In: Journal of Economic Surveys, Jg. 33, H. 2, S. 597-603. DOI:10.1111/joes.12271
Abstract
"This paper provides a systematic review of the growing literature on the poor match between employees' field degree and the job requirements, also referred to as horizontal mismatch. We identify the different definitions used in the literature and find that each measure of horizontal mismatch yields substantially different incidence rates. We discuss the validity of the different measures and conclude that a more uniform definition of horizontal mismatch is needed. The likelihood of horizontal mismatch is among other things determined by the extent to which employees possess general skills as opposed to occupation-specific skills, and, it appears to be more frequently present among older workers. Compared to well-matched employees, horizontally mismatched workers generally incur a wage penalty, are less satisfied with their jobs, and are more likely to regret their study programme. The ensuing findings offer guidance to prevent horizontal mismatch as well as a roadmap for future research." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Soziologische Arbeitsmarkttheorien: Ein Überblick (2019)
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Weingärtner, Simon (2019): Soziologische Arbeitsmarkttheorien. Ein Überblick. (Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft), Wiesbaden: Springer VS, 246 S. DOI:10.1007/978-3-658-23743-1
Abstract
"Die Arbeit stellt die erste Einführung und Übersicht zu soziologischen Arbeitsmarkttheorien im deutschsprachigen Raum vor und versucht einen Brückenschlag zwischen Wirtschafts- und Arbeitsmarktsoziologie. Anhand eines mehrdimensionalen Systematisierungskonzeptes werden arbeitsmarkttheoretische Erklärungsansätze aus verschiedenen sozialtheoretischen Forschungsrichtungen vorgestellt und anhand ihrer zentralen Aussagen und empirischen Schlussfolgerungen miteinander verglichen." (Verlagsangaben, © Springer)
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Literaturhinweis
Valuation and matching: A conventionalist explanation of labor markets by firms' recruitment channels (2019)
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de Larquier, Guillemette & Géraldine Rieucau (2019): Valuation and matching: A conventionalist explanation of labor markets by firms' recruitment channels. In: Historical social research, Jg. 44, H. 1, S. 52-72. DOI:10.12759/hsr.44.2019.1.52-72
Abstract
"In line with the conventionalist works on recruitment and intermediation in the labor market, this article argues that, in order to shape uncertainty about the quality of matching, recruitment channels used by firms rely on 'investments in forms.' The first investment corresponds to the definition of the boundaries of the labor market (i.e., the outline of the labor supply from the firm's point of view); the second one corresponds to the format of information (i.e., the 'standard' or 'personalized' language used by channels to convey information). The firm's resort to a given channel is explained by its internal organization and its valuation of what is a good applicant (depending on its 'labor quality convention'). By crossing-over the two types of investment in forms, we distinguish four matching dynamics. Each type of dynamics is illustrated by examples coming from a qualitative survey of recruitment practices in four French service oriented sectors." (Author's abstract, © GESIS) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The minimum wage and search effort (2018)
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Adams, Camilla, Jonathan Meer & CarlyWill Sloan (2018): The minimum wage and search effort. (NBER working paper 25128), Cambrige, Mass., 36 S. DOI:10.3386/w25128
Abstract
"Labor market search-and-matching models posit supply-side responses to minimum wage increases that may lead to improved matches and lessen or even reverse negative employment effects. Yet there is no empirical evidence on this crucial assumption. Using event study analysis of recent minimum wage increases, we find that increases to minimum wage do not increase the likelihood of searching, but do lead to large yet very transitory spikes in search effort by individuals already looking for work. The results are not driven by changes in the composition of searchers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Semantic matching of job seeker to vacancy: a bidirectional approach (2018)
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Adugna Chala, Sisay, Fazel Ansari, Madjid Fathi & Kea Tijdens (2018): Semantic matching of job seeker to vacancy. A bidirectional approach. In: International journal of manpower, Jg. 38, H. 8, S. 1047-1063. DOI:10.1108/IJM-10-2018-0331
Abstract
"The purpose of this paper is to propose a framework of an automatic bidirectional matching system that measures the degree of semantic similarity of job-seeker qualifications and skills, against the vacancy provided by employers or job-agents." (Author's abstract, © Emerald Group) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
On-the-job search with match-specific amenities (2018)
Zitatform
Albrecht, James & Susan Vroman (2018): On-the-job search with match-specific amenities. In: Economics Letters, Jg. 162, H. January, S. 15-17. DOI:10.1016/j.econlet.2017.10.013
Abstract
"We construct an equilibrium on-the-job search model in which workers value wages and amenities. We show by example that in a standard (Burdett/Mortensen) model with a distribution of worker tastes over amenities, worker mobility need not imply equilibrium wage dispersion." (Author's abstract, © 2017 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Job search requirements, effort provision and labor market outcomes (2018)
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Arni, Patrick & Amelie Schiprowski (2018): Job search requirements, effort provision and labor market outcomes. (CESifo working paper 7200), München, 53 S.
Abstract
"How effective are effort targets? This paper provides novel evidence on the effects of job search requirements on effort provision and labor market outcomes. Based on large-scale register data, we estimate the returns to required job search effort, instrumenting individual requirements with caseworker stringency. Identification is ensured by the conditional random assignment of job seekers to caseworkers. We find that the duration of un- and non-employment both decrease by 3% if the requirement increases by one monthly application. When instrumenting actual applications with caseworker stringency, an additionally provided monthly application decreases the length of spells by 4%. In line with theory, we further find that the effect of required effort decreases in the individual's voluntary effort. Finally, the requirement level causes small negative effects on job stability, reducing the duration of re-employment spells by 0.3% per required application. We find a zero effect on re-employment wages." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: IZA discussion paper , 11765 -
Literaturhinweis
Can job search assistance improve the labour market integration of refugees? evidence from a field experiment (2018)
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Battisti, Michele, Yvonne Giesing & Nadzeya Laurentsyeva (2018): Can job search assistance improve the labour market integration of refugees? evidence from a field experiment. (CESifo working paper 7292), München, 31 S.
Abstract
"We conducted a field experiment to evaluate the impact of job-search assistance on the employment of recently arrived refugees in Germany. The treatment group received jobmatching support: an NGO identified suitable vacancies and sent the refugees' CVs to employers. Results of follow-up phone surveys show a positive and significant treatment effect of 13 percentage points on employment after twelve months. These effects are concentrated among low-educated refugees and those facing uncertainty about their residence status. These individuals might not search effectively, lack access to alternative support programmes, and may be disregarded by employers due to perceived higher hiring costs." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen in: Labour economics, 61 (2019), Art. 101745