matching – Suchprozesse am Arbeitsmarkt
Offene Stellen bei gleichzeitiger Arbeitslosigkeit - was Arbeitsmarkttheorien u. a. mit "unvollkommener Information" begründen, ist für Unternehmen und Arbeitsuchende oft nur schwer nachzuvollziehen: Unternehmen können freie Stellen nicht besetzen, trotzdem finden Arbeitsuchende nur schwer den passenden Job. Wie gestalten sich die Suchprozesse bei Unternehmen und Arbeitsuchenden, welche Konzessionen sind beide Seiten bereit einzugehen, wie lässt sich das "matching" verbessern?
Diese Infoplattform bietet wissenschaftliche Literatur zur theoretischen und empirischen Auseinandersetzung mit dem Thema.
-
Literaturhinweis
Assortative matching with large firms (2018)
Eeckhout, Jan; Kircher, Philipp;Zitatform
Eeckhout, Jan & Philipp Kircher (2018): Assortative matching with large firms. In: Econometrica, Jg. 86, H. 1, S. 85-132. DOI:10.3982/ECTA14450
Abstract
"Two cornerstones of empirical and policy analysis of firms, in macro, labor and industrial organization, are the determinants of the firm size distribution and the determinants of sorting between workers and firms. We propose a unifying theory of production where management resolves a tradeoff between hiring more versus better workers. The span of control or size is therefore intimately intertwined with the sorting pattern. We provide a condition for sorting that captures this tradeoff between the quantity and quality of workers and that generalizes Becker's sorting condition. A system of differential equations determines the equilibrium allocation, the firm size, and wages, and allows us to characterize the allocation of the quality and quantity of labor to firms of different productivity. We show that our model nests a large number of widely used existing models. We also augment the model to incorporate labor market frictions in the presence of sorting with large firms." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Dynamics and endogeneity of firms' recruitment behaviour (2018)
Ehrenfried, Felix; Holzner, Christian;Zitatform
Ehrenfried, Felix & Christian Holzner (2018): Dynamics and endogeneity of firms' recruitment behaviour. (CESifo working paper 7283), München, 51 S.
Abstract
"Models of random search, directed search, or stock-ow matching differ substantially in the way they assume that job seekers and firms behave during the recruitment process. In this paper we identify new patterns about the recruitment behaviour of firms using the entropy balancing technique and argue that stock-flow matching models - if suitably amended by a timeconsuming screening technology - are best able to explain why the vacancy-filling hazard is increasing during the planned search period and decreases thereafter, why most applicants arrive early in the recruitment process, and why the willingness to pay higher wages or to hire less qualified or experienced applicants increases for firms, which have been unlucky and unable to hire until the intended starting date." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Evidence on the relationship between recruiting and the starting wage (2018)
Zitatform
Faberman, R. Jason & Guido Menzio (2018): Evidence on the relationship between recruiting and the starting wage. In: Labour economics, Jg. 50, H. March, S. 67-79. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2017.01.003
Abstract
"Using data from the Employment Opportunity Pilot Project, we examine the relationship between the starting wage paid to the worker filling a vacancy, the number of applications attracted by the vacancy, the number of candidates interviewed for the vacancy, and the duration of the vacancy. We find that the wage is positively related to the duration of a vacancy and negatively related to the number of applications and interviews per week. We show that these surprising findings are consistent with a view of the labor market in which firms post wages and workers direct their search based on these wages if workers and jobs are heterogeneous and the interaction between the worker's type and the job's type in production satisfies some rather natural assumptions." (Author's abstract, © 2017 Elsevier) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
On the effects of ranking by unemployment duration (2018)
Zitatform
Fernández-Blanco, Javier & Edgar Preugschat (2018): On the effects of ranking by unemployment duration. In: European Economic Review, Jg. 104, H. May, S. 92-110. DOI:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2018.02.003
Abstract
"We propose a theory based on the firm's hiring behavior that rationalizes the observed significant decline of callback rates for an interview and exit rates from unemployment and the mild decline of reemployment wages over unemployment duration. We build a directed search model with symmetric incomplete information on worker types and non-sequential search by firms. Sorting due to firms' testing of applicants in the past makes expected productivity fall with duration, which induces firms to rank applicants by duration. In equilibrium callback and exit rates both fall with unemployment duration. In our numerical exercise using U.S. data we show that our model can replicate quite well the observed falling patterns, with the firm's ranking decision accounting for a sizable part." (Author's abstract, © 2018 Elsevier) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Household search or individual search: does it matter? (2018)
Zitatform
Flabbi, Luca & James Mabli (2018): Household search or individual search: does it matter? In: Journal of labor economics, Jg. 36, H. 1, S. 1-46. DOI:10.1086/693864
Abstract
"Most labor market search models ignore the fact that decisions are often made at the household level. We fill this gap by developing and estimating a household search model with on-the-job search and labor supply. We find that ignoring the household as a decision-making unit has relevant empirical consequences. In estimation, the individual search model implies gender wage offer differentials almost twice as large as the household search model. In the application, the individual search model implies female lifetime inequality 30% lower than the household search model. Labor market policy effects on lifetime inequality are also sensitive to the specification." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Identifying asymmetric effects of labor market reforms (2018)
Zitatform
Gehrke, Britta & Enzo Weber (2018): Identifying asymmetric effects of labor market reforms. In: European Economic Review, Jg. 110, H. November, S. 18-40., 2018-07-17. DOI:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2018.07.006
Abstract
"This paper proposes a novel approach to identify structural long-term driving forces of the labor market and their short-run state-dependent effects. Based on search and matching theory, our empirical model extracts these driving forces within an unobserved components approach. We relate changes in the labor market structures to reforms that enhance the flexibility of the labor market in expansion and recession. Results for Germany and Spain show that labor market reforms have substantially weaker beneficial effects in the short run when implemented in recessions. From a policy perspective, these results highlight the costs of introducing reforms in recessions." (Author's abstract, © 2018 Elsevier) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Time-varying job creation and macroeconomic shocks (2018)
Zitatform
Guglielminetti, Elisa & Meradj Pouraghdam (2018): Time-varying job creation and macroeconomic shocks. In: Labour economics, Jg. 50, H. March, S. 156-179. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2017.09.008
Abstract
"In this paper we investigate the time-varying properties of job creation in the United States in connection to the macro-economy. We address this issue through a time-varying parameter VAR (TVP-VAR) with stochastic volatility. We identify four structural shocks by combining zero long-run restrictions and short-run sign restrictions based on a NK-DSGE model with frictional labor markets. Our main findings are as follows. First, at business cycle frequencies for most part of the sample the lion share of the volatility of job creation is explained by non-technology shocks; this challenges the conventional practice of addressing the labor market volatility puzzle (Shimer, 2005) under the assumption that technology shocks are the main driver of fluctuations in hiring. Second, permanent supply shocks had a negative impact on job creation during the Great Inflation period - a result reminiscent of the 'hours puzzle' (Galí, 1999). We show that the main candidate in explaining such structural change is the more passive conduct of monetary policy at that time. It follows that the results derived from partial equilibrium models of the labor market, which imply a rise in hiring as technology improves, neglect important transmission channels and may be misleading." (Author's abstract, © 2017 Elsevier) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
The cyclicality of labor-market flows: a multiple-shock approach (2018)
Hairault, Jean-Olivier; Zhutova, Anastasia;Zitatform
Hairault, Jean-Olivier & Anastasia Zhutova (2018): The cyclicality of labor-market flows. A multiple-shock approach. In: European Economic Review, Jg. 103, H. April, S. 150-172. DOI:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2018.01.008
Abstract
"In this paper, we aim to establish some stylized facts about the relative contributions of the job-finding and separation rates to unemployment dynamics depending on the nature of structural shocks. The shocks in our Bayesian Structural VAR model are identified using a sign-restriction approach, and capture shifts in the three conditions determining labor-market equilibrium in matching models: the Beveridge curve, and the job-creation and job-destruction conditions. Using both US and French data, we identify an aggregate shock to match profitability (the aggregate-profitability shock), a shock specific to existing jobs (the reallocation shock) and a shock to the efficiency of the matching process (the matching-efficiency shock). We find that the relative contributions of the job finding and separation rates are notably different across shocks in both countries, but are similar across countries for each type of shock. Labor market dynamics appear to be Transatlantic despite well-known institutional differences. However, it must be emphasized that the reaction of the labor market variables to the matching-efficiency shock seems more muted in the US than in France." (Author's abstract, © 2018 Elsevier) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: IZA discussion paper , 8558 -
Literaturhinweis
Wage dispersion and search behavior : The importance of nonwage job values (2018)
Zitatform
Hall, Robert E. & Andreas I. Mueller (2018): Wage dispersion and search behavior : The importance of nonwage job values. In: Journal of Political Economy, Jg. 126, H. 4, S. 1594-1637. DOI:10.1086/697739
Abstract
"We use a rich new body of data on the experiences of unemployed job seekers to determine the sources of wage dispersion and to create a search model consistent with the acceptance decisions the job seekers made. We identify the distributions of four key variables: offered wages, offered nonwage job values, job seekers' nonwork alternatives, and job seekers' personal productivities. We find that, conditional on personal productivity, the standard deviation of offered log wages is moderate, at 0.24, whereas the dispersion of the offered nonwage component is substantially larger, at 0.34. The resulting dispersion of offered job values is 0.38." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Discretion in hiring (2018)
Zitatform
Hoffman, Mitchell, Lisa B. Kahn & Danielle Li (2018): Discretion in hiring. In: The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Jg. 133, H. 2, S. 765-800. DOI:10.1093/qje/qjx042
Abstract
"Job-testing technologies enable firms to rely less on human judgment when making hiring decisions. Placing more weight on test scores may improve hiring decisions by reducing the influence of human bias or mistakes but may also lead firms to forgo the potentially valuable private information of their managers. We study the introduction of job testing across 15 firms employing low-skilled service sector workers. When faced with similar applicant pools, we find that managers who appear to hire against test recommendations end up with worse average hires. This suggests that managers often overrule test recommendations because they are biased or mistaken, not only because they have superior private information." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: NBER working paper , 21709 -
Literaturhinweis
Social network formation and labor market inequality (2018)
Horvath, Gergely; Zhang, Rui;Zitatform
Horvath, Gergely & Rui Zhang (2018): Social network formation and labor market inequality. In: Economics Letters, Jg. 166, H. May, S. 45-49. DOI:10.1016/j.econlet.2018.01.026
Abstract
"We study how differences in interpersonal skills lead to inequality among workers when social connections are endogenously formed and workers find jobs through their contacts. We show that the equilibrium network structure is very unequal in terms of links and access to jobs. The equilibrium network is not socially optimal because workers impose negative externality on each other by forming more links. The degree of inequality is larger in the equilibrium than what would be socially optimal. In the equilibrium, high-skilled individuals overinvest in networking while low-skilled individuals underinvest, which enlarges the impact of differences in interpersonal skills. The degree of inequality is largest when job availability is moderate." (Author's abstract, © 2018 Elsevier) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
The Oxford Handbook of job loss and job search (2018)
Zitatform
Klehe, Ute-Christine & Edwin A. J. van Hooft (Hrsg.) (2018): The Oxford Handbook of job loss and job search. (Oxford Library of psychology), New York: Oxford University Press, 615 S.
Abstract
"Job search is and always has been an integral part of people's working lives. Whether one is brand new to the labor market or considered a mature, experienced worker, job seekers are regularly met with new challenges in a variety of organizational settings. Edited by Ute-Christine Klehe and Edwin A.J. van Hooft, The Oxford Handbook of Job Loss and Job Search provides readers with one of the first comprehensive overviews of the latest research and empirical knowledge in the areas of job loss and job search.
Multidisciplinary in nature, Klehe, van Hooft, and their contributing authors offer fascinating insight into the diverse theoretical and methodological perspectives from which job loss and job search have been studied, such as psychology, sociology, labor studies, and economics. Discussing the antecedents and consequences of job loss, as well as outside circumstances that may necessitate a more rigorous job hunt, this Handbook presents in-depth and up-to-date knowledge on the methods and processes of this important time in one's life. Further, it examines the unique circumstances faced by different populations during their job search, such as those working job-to-job, the unemployed, mature job seekers, international job seekers, and temporary employed workers.
Job loss and unemployment are among the worst stressors individuals can encounter during their lifetimes. As a result, this Handbook concludes with a discussion of the various types of interventions developed to aid the unemployed. Further, it offers readers important insights and identifies best practices for both scholars and practitioners working in the areas of job loss, unemployment, career transitions, outplacement, and job search." (Publisher information, IAB-Doku) ((en))Weiterführende Informationen
Hier finden Sie das Inhaltsverzeichnis. -
Literaturhinweis
The role of fit theories in job analysis (2018)
Korulczyk, Tomasz; Korulczyk, Natalia;Zitatform
Korulczyk, Tomasz & Natalia Korulczyk (2018): The role of fit theories in job analysis. In: A. Biela (Hrsg.) (2018): European Questionnaire for Job Analysis (EQJA) : Theoretical and methodological bases (Polish studies in economics, 12), S. 65-85.
Abstract
"The following work frames fit theory for job analysis. It presents various theoretical backgrounds of the fit theory, definitions, and types of fit along their coherent classification and the dynamic nature of the concepts. Finally, the text considers the use of EQIA in determining the level of various types of fit." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Employment protection and unemployment benefits: on technology adoption and job creation in a matching model (2018)
Lommerud, Kjell Erik; Vagstad, Steinar; Straume, Odd Rune;Zitatform
Lommerud, Kjell Erik, Odd Rune Straume & Steinar Vagstad (2018): Employment protection and unemployment benefits. On technology adoption and job creation in a matching model. In: The Scandinavian journal of economics, Jg. 120, H. 3, S. 763-793. DOI:10.1111/sjoe.12244
Abstract
"We analyse the effects of different labour-market policies (employment protection, unemployment benefits, and payroll taxes) on job creation and technology choices in a model where firms are matched with workers of different productivity and wages are determined by ex post bargaining. The model is characterized by two intertwined sources of inefficiency, namely a matching externality and a hold-up externality associated with the bargaining strength of workers. The results depend on the relative importance of the two externalities and on worker risk aversion. 'Flexicurity', meaning low employment protection and generous unemployment insurance, can be optimal if workers are sufficiently risk-averse and the hold-up problem is relatively important." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Long-term effects of job-search assistance: experimental evidence using administrative tax data (2018)
Manoli, Dayanand S.; Patel, Ankur; Michaelides, Marios;Zitatform
Manoli, Dayanand S., Marios Michaelides & Ankur Patel (2018): Long-term effects of job-search assistance. Experimental evidence using administrative tax data. (NBER working paper 24422), Cambrige, Mass., 49 S. DOI:10.3386/w24422
Abstract
"This paper uses administrative tax data to examine the long-term effects of an experimental job-search assistance program operating in Nevada in 2009. The program required randomly-selected unemployed workers who had just started collecting unemployment insurance (UI) benefits to undergo an eligibility review and receive personalized job-counseling services. The program led to substantial short-term reductions in UI receipt, and to persistent, long-term increases in employment and earnings. The program also affected participants' family outcomes, including total income, tax filing, tax liability, and home ownership. These findings show that job-search assistance programs may produce substantial long-term effects for participants and their families." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Mismatch unemployment and the geography of job search (2018)
Zitatform
Marinescu, Ioana & Roland Rathelot (2018): Mismatch unemployment and the geography of job search. In: American Economic Journal. Macroeconomics, Jg. 10, H. 3, S. 42-70. DOI:10.1257/mac.20160312
Abstract
"Could we significantly reduce US unemployment by helping job seekers move closer to jobs? Using data from the leading employment board CareerBuilder.com, we show that, indeed, workers dislike applying to distant jobs: job seekers are 35 percent less likely to apply to a job 10 miles (mi.) away from their zip code of residence. However, because job seekers are close enough to vacancies on average, this distaste for distance is fairly inconsequential: our search and matching model predicts that relocating job seekers to minimize unemployment would decrease unemployment by only 5.3 percent. Geographic mismatch is thus a minor driver of aggregate unemployment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: NBER working paper , 22672 -
Literaturhinweis
Unemployment volatility in a behavioural search model (2018)
Martin, Chris; Wang, Bingsong;Zitatform
Martin, Chris & Bingsong Wang (2018): Unemployment volatility in a behavioural search model. (Warwick economic research paper 1179), Coventry, 24 S.
Abstract
"Recent evidence that the opportunity cost of employment is pro cyclical implies that existing models based around search frictions in the labour market cannot match the large volatilities of unemployment and vacancies observed in the data. In this paper, we incorporate insights from behavioural economics into the search frictions framework. The resultant model can match observed volatilities even if the opportunity cost is strongly pro cyclical. The key mechanism in the model is that the pro-cyclicality of the opportunity cost has a limited impact on the reference wage of workers; this feeds through into a limited volatility of the wage and so to a large unemployment volatility." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Labor mismatches: Effects on wages and on job satisfaction in 17 OECD countries (2018)
Mateos-Romero, Lucía; del Mar Salinas-Jiménez, María;Zitatform
Mateos-Romero, Lucía & María del Mar Salinas-Jiménez (2018): Labor mismatches: Effects on wages and on job satisfaction in 17 OECD countries. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 140, H. 1, S. 369-391. DOI:10.1007/s11205-017-1830-y
Abstract
"This study analyzes the effects of labor mismatches on wages and on job satisfaction in seventeen OECD countries by distinguishing between educational mismatch and skills mismatch. Using data from PIAAC, the results suggest that whereas educational mismatch shows greater effects on wages, the effects of labor mismatch on job satisfaction are generally better explained by skills mismatches. Both phenomena appear to be relevant for understanding the economic effects of labor mismatch and suggest that educational mismatch is not an accurate proxy for skills mismatch, mainly when the non-monetary effects of labor mismatch are addressed." (Author's abstract, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Short-time work subsidies in a matching model (2018)
Meier, Volker;Zitatform
Meier, Volker (2018): Short-time work subsidies in a matching model. (CESifo working paper 7281), München, 35 S.
Abstract
"We consider positive and normative aspects of subsidizing work arrangements where subsidies are paid in time of low demand and reduced working hours so as to stabilize workers' income. In a matching framework such an arrangement increases labor demand. Tightening eligibility to short-time work benefits tends to reduce the wage while the impact on unemployment remains ambiguous. We develop a modified Hosios condition characterizing an efficient combination of labor market tightness and short-time benefit loss rate." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Education outcomes and the labor market (2018)
Zitatform
Obiols-Homs, F. & V. Sánchez-Marcos (2018): Education outcomes and the labor market. In: Labour economics, Jg. 54, H. October, S. 14-28. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2018.06.001
Abstract
"The quality of education appears to be negatively correlated with both the overeducation of workers at the tasks they perform and the unemployment rate across EU-15 countries, and positively correlated with the wage premium associated to tertiary education. We develop a model of the labor market with frictions to quantitatively investigate the impact of the education outcomes on the labor market. We show that both the ability of educated and non educated workers have sizable effects on the incentives of firms regarding the type of vacancies they open and also regarding the incentives of educated workers as of where to search for a job. Therefore education outcomes are relevant to understand the overeducation phenomena observed in the labor market. According to our quantitative analysis had the quality of education observed in Spain been similar to the European average then the overeducation rate would have been between 5 and 10 percentage points lower and the unemployment rate of the two types of workers would be reduced by 40%, but the tertiary education wage premium would be slightly smaller than in the benchmark economy." (Author's abstract, © 2018 Elsevier) ((en))