FDZ-Literatur / FDZ Literature
Die FDZ-Literaturdatenbank umfasst neben Datensatzbeschreibungen und Methodenberichten die zahlreichen Forschungsarbeiten, die auf Basis der am FDZ angebotenen Daten entstanden sind. Hier finden Sie aktuell laufende Projekte von FDZ-Nutzenden.
Darüber hinaus stehen die Literaturdatenbank zum IAB-Betriebspanel sowie die Literaturdatenbank zum PASS zur Verfügung.
Apart from dataset descriptions and methodology reports, the FDZ literature database contains numerous research papers written on the basis of the data provided by the FDZ. Here you can find currently ungoing research projects of FDZ users.
In addition, literature databases on the IAB Establishment Panel and the Panel Study Labour Market and Social Security (PASS) are available for research.
- FDZ Publikationen / FDZ publications
- Arbeiten und Lernen im Wandel / Working and Learning in a Changing World (ALWA)
- BA-Beschäftigtenpanel / BA Employment Panel
- Befragungsdaten Migration SOEP-CMI-ADIAB
- Berufliche Weiterbildung und lebenslanges Lernen (WeLL)/Further Training and Lifelong Learning (WeLL
- Berufstätigenerhebung 1989 (BTE1989) / Employment survey for East Germany (DDR) 1989 (BTE1989)
- Beschäftigtenbefragung "Bonuszahlungen, Lohnzuwächse und Gerechtigkeit" - BLoG
- Betriebsbefragung IAB-IZA-ZEW-Arbeitswelt 4.0 (BIZA) und DiWaBe-Beschäftigtenbefragung
- Biografiedaten dt. Sozialversicherungsträger / Biographical data of social insurances (BASiD)
- Datensatz NEPS-SC1-ADIAB Neugeborene
- Datensatz NEPS-SC3-ADIAB Schüler Klasse 5
- Datensatz NEPS-SC4-ADIAB Schüler Klasse 9
- Datensatz NEPS-SC5-ADIAB Studierende
- Datensatz NEPS-SC6-ADIAB Erwachsene
- Datenspeicher Gesellschaftliches Arbeitsvermögen verknüpft mit administrativen Daten des IAB (GAV-ADIAB) 1975-2019
- GAW-IAB-Gründerbefragung
- German Management and Organizational Practices (GMOP) Survey
- IAB-BAMF-SOEP Befragung von Geflüchteten
- IAB-Beschäftigtenstichprobe / IAB Employment Sample
- IAB-Betriebs-Historik-Panel / IAB Establishment History Panel
- IAB-Betriebspanel / IAB Establishment Panel
- IAB-Datensatz BeCovid
- IAB-Datensatz HOPP
- IAB-Linked-Employer-Employee-Datensatz (LIAB) / Linked Employer-Employee Data from the IAB
- IAB-Querschnittsbefragung / Cross-sectional survey
- IAB-SOEP Migrationsstichprobe (IAB-SOEP MIG)
- IAB-Stellenerhebung / IAB Job Vacancy Survey
- IZA/IAB Administrativer Evaluationsdatensatz (AED und LED) / IZA Evaluation Dataset Survey
- Kundenbefragung zu Organisationsstrukturen nach SGB II / Client survey on German SGBII-Agencies
- LidA - Leben in der Arbeit
- Linked Inventor Biography Data
- Linked Personnel Panel (LPP)
- Panel Arbeitsmarkt und soziale Sicherung (PASS) / Panel Study Labour Market and Social Security
- Stichprobe Integrierter Employer-Employee Daten (SIEED)/Sample of Integrated Employer-Employee Data
- Stichprobe der Integr. Arbeitsmarktbiografien/Sample of integrated labour market biographies (SIAB)
- Stichprobe der Integrierten Grundsicherungsbiografien (SIG)
- Stichprobe des Administrative Wage and Labor Market Flow Panel (FDZ-AWFP)
- Studie Mentale Gesundheit bei der Arbeit (S-MGA)
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Literaturhinweis
Immigration, monopsony and the distribution of firm pay (2024)
Amior, Michael; Stuhler, Jan;Zitatform
Amior, Michael & Jan Stuhler (2024): Immigration, monopsony and the distribution of firm pay. (CEP discussion paper / Centre for Economic Performance 1971), London, 89 S.
Abstract
"We argue that the arrival of immigrants with low reservation wages can strengthen the monopsony power of firms. Firms can exploit "cheap" migrant labor by offering lower wages, though at the cost of forgoing potential native hires who demand higher wages. This monopsonistic trade-off can lead to large negative effects on native employment, which exceed those in competitive models, and which are concentrated among low-paying firms. To validate these predictions, we study changes in wage premia and employment across the firm pay distribution, during a large immigration wave in Germany. These adverse effects are not inevitable and may be ameliorated through policies which constrain firms' monopsony power over migrants." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Grundsätzlich verschieden, aber punktuell konvergent: Die Betriebsdynamik in Ost- und Westdeutschland seit dem Jahr 2001 (2024)
Ferenc, Grega; Nitschke, Remo; Weber, Michael;Zitatform
Ferenc, Grega, Remo Nitschke & Michael Weber (2024): Grundsätzlich verschieden, aber punktuell konvergent: Die Betriebsdynamik in Ost- und Westdeutschland seit dem Jahr 2001. In: Ifo Dresden berichtet, Jg. 31, H. 2, S. 18-24.
Abstract
"Wir untersuchen, ob sich die Betriebsdynamik zwischen Ost- und Westdeutschland signifikant unterscheidet und wie sich diese Unterschiede über die Zeit verändert haben. Anhand des IAB-Betriebs-HistorikPanels analysieren wir für die einzelnen Betriebsgrößenklassen jeweils Gründungen, Schließungen und den Übergang in eine andere Betriebsgrößenklasse für die Zeiträume 2001 bis 2011 sowie 2011 bis 2021. Deskriptive Analysen und Regressionsanalysen legen nahe, dass die Gründungs- und Schließungsdynamik in Ostdeutschland signifikant stärker und der Anteil wachsender Betriebe signifikant kleiner ist als in Westdeutschland. Dabei haben die Ost-West-Unterschiede insbesondere bei den Gründungs- und Schließungsraten der Kleinst- und kleinen Betriebe über die Zeit abgenommen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
Data product DOI: 10.5164/IAB.BHP7521.de.en.v1 -
Literaturhinweis
How many gaps are there? Investigating the regional dimension of the gender commuting gap (2024)
Zitatform
Fuchs, Michaela, Ramona Jost & Antje Weyh (2024): How many gaps are there? Investigating the regional dimension of the gender commuting gap. In: Papers in Regional Science online erschienen am 29.02.2024. DOI:10.1016/j.pirs.2024.100005
Abstract
"This paper investigates the gender gap in commuting by differentiating between the place of residence and work in urban and rural regions. Using administrative geo-referenced data for Germany and applying decomposition techniques, we provide evidence for a triple gap in commuting to the disadvantage of women. Apart from the overall gap, the regional disaggregation uncovers a further gap among workers commuting between rather than within regions, with the highest gap among commuters between rural regions. Occupational segregation and establishment size are the most relevant factors for explaining the gender commuting gaps." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The contribution of knowledge-intensive firms to employment growth: a Granger causality approach for German regions (2024)
Zitatform
Heidinger, Mathias, Michaela Fuchs & Alain Thierstein (2024): The contribution of knowledge-intensive firms to employment growth: a Granger causality approach for German regions. In: Regional Studies, Regional Science, Jg. 11, H. 1, S. 103-121., 2024-01-19. DOI:10.1080/21681376.2024.2312186
Abstract
"Academic discussions have frequently examined the interrelation between regional employment growth and firm locations. Two growth patterns emerge: employment growth induced through new firm locations or vice versa, where firms locate in areas experiencing employment supply growth. The specific causal relationship responsible for regional employment growth in Germany remains uncertain. In the German context, however, more research is needed to identify contributors to employment growth, as most existing studies rely on highly aggregated data or focus on specific case studies. This paper aims to approach this subject by using a uniquely matched dataset of firm locations and the individual employment of 480 multi-locational firms in the knowledge economy and comparing it to total employment in Germany. We assume that a change in knowledge-intensive firms’ employment may affect regional employment growth. The study uses longitudinal historical employment data at the functional urban area (FUA) level from 1999 to 2019, aggregated to knowledge-intensive high-tech and advanced producer services (APS) sectors. The analysis employs aggregated and individual Granger causality tests, evaluating the relationship between employment in knowledge-intensive sectors and overall employment change. Results are spatialised using GIS to provide evidence of where the Granger causalities occur at the FUA level in Germany. Findings indicate that, in general, knowledge-intensive employment growth Granger causes total employment growth in a few economically more active FUAs. In contrast, for a greater number of FUAs, total employment Granger causes knowledge-intensive employment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Vor dem Kollaps!? Beschäftigung im sozialen Sektor: Empirische Vermessung und Handlungsansätze (2024)
Hohendanner, Christian; Steinke, Joß; Rocha, Jasmin;Zitatform
Hohendanner, Christian, Jasmin Rocha & Joß Steinke (2024): Vor dem Kollaps!? Beschäftigung im sozialen Sektor. Empirische Vermessung und Handlungsansätze. Berlin: De Gruyter Oldenbourg, 111 S. DOI:10.1515/9783110748024
Abstract
"Diese Studie bietet eine empirisch fundierte Gesamtschau auf die Beschäftigung in einem der personalintensivsten und am stärksten vom Fachkräftemangel betroffenen Arbeitsfelder in Deutschland: dem sozialen Sektor. Wer das Buch liest, gewinnt ein tieferes Verständnis über Zusammenhänge und die Notwendigkeit, offen über Beschäftigung im sozialen Sektor zu debattieren. Anhand aktueller Daten zeigen die Autor:innen, dass der soziale Sektor im Wettbewerb um Arbeitskräfte schlecht dasteht. Zunehmend fehlen Arbeitskräfte und grundlegende, bislang als selbstverständlich betrachtete Leistungen der sozialen Daseinsvorsorge können immer häufiger nicht mehr erbracht werden. Die Autor:innen zeigen Wege auf, wie soziale Berufe wieder attraktiver und der Kollaps des sozialen Sektors (vielleicht) verhindert werden kann." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, © De Gruyter Oldenbourg)
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Hohendanner, Christian; -
Literaturhinweis
Mittelstandsbericht des Freistaates Sachsen: 2018 bis 2022 (2024)
Ragnitz, Joachim; Winge, Susanne; Ferenc, Grega; Stobbe, Mandy; Nitschke, Remo;Zitatform
Ragnitz, Joachim, Grega Ferenc, Remo Nitschke, Susanne Winge & Mandy Stobbe (2024): Mittelstandsbericht des Freistaates Sachsen. 2018 bis 2022. Dresden, 134 S.
Abstract
"Der Mittelstand ist das Rückgrat der sächsischen Wirtschaft. Er erwirtschaftet mit gut 54 Prozent mehr als die Hälfte der im Freistaat Sachsen hergestellten Waren und Dienstleistungen, beschäftigt etwa 72 Prozent der hiesigen Arbeitskräfte und bildet rund 70 Prozent der Auszubildenden aus. Der „Sächsische Mittelstandsbericht 2018 bis 2022“ untersucht die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung mittelständischer Unternehmen und hat erstmals auch die Situation marktorientierter Sozialunternehmen („Social Entrepreneurs“) in den Blick genommen. Der Bericht wurde vom ifo-Institut Dresden in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Zentrum für Sozialforschung Halle (ZSH) im Auftrag des sächsischen Wirtschaftsministeriums (SMWA) erstellt." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
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Literaturhinweis
Works Council ‘Disaffection’ and Establishment Survivability (2023)
Zitatform
Addison, John T., Paulino Teixeira, Philipp Grunau & Lutz Bellmann (2023): Works Council ‘Disaffection’ and Establishment Survivability. In: Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Jg. 70, H. 1, S. 38-67., 2022-06-29. DOI:10.1111/sjpe.12330
Abstract
"This paper investigates the association between a measure of works council heterogeneity and plant closings in Germany, 2006-2015. Two datasets are used to identify failed establishments, while institutional heterogeneity is captured by management perceptions of the role of the works council in managerial decision making and also by allowing for works council learning. The potential moderating role of sectoral collective bargaining is also examined. We report that works councils per se are not associated with plant closure. Rather, it is establishments with disaffected councils that display higher rates of closure. The latter result does not obtain where such establishments are covered by sectoral agreements; an outcome that is consistent with the literature on the mitigation of rent-seeking behavior, and one that also receives support from our finding that plants with dissonant councils are more likely than their consensual counterparts to transition into sectoral bargaining coverage. On the other hand, there is only limited evidence of works council learning." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Wiley) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Employment-Related Further Training in a Dynamic Labour Market (2023)
Zitatform
Anger, Silke, Pascal Heß, Simon Janssen & Ute Leber (2023): Employment-Related Further Training in a Dynamic Labour Market. In: S. Weinert, G. J. Blossfeld & H.-P. Blossfeld (Hrsg.) (2023): Education, Competence Development and Career Trajectories, S. 319-336. DOI:10.1007/978-3-031-27007-9_14
Abstract
"In recent decades, accelerating technological progress and increasing international trade have not only made labour markets more dynamic but also steadily changed the demand for skills and knowledge. As a result, workers have had to continuously invest in training to update their skills if they want to avoid long-lasting negative consequences for their careers. This project uses data from the adult cohort of the German National Education Panel Study (NEPS) to investigate how workers’ training participation has evolved in dynamic labour markets exposed to technological change and increasing international trade. The study analyses the relationship between workplace automation and employment-related training and shows that the training participation of workers whose jobs were highly exposed to automation was much lower than that of workers whose jobs were less exposed. Moreover, results suggest that employers’ financial support explains the lion’s share of the training gap. Consistent with the new training literature, firms are the main force behind further training investments." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The cost of job loss in carbon-intensive sectors: Evidence from Germany (2023)
Barreto, Cesar; Grundke, Robert; Krill, Zeev;Zitatform
Barreto, Cesar, Robert Grundke & Zeev Krill (2023): The cost of job loss in carbon-intensive sectors: Evidence from Germany. (OECD Economics Department working papers 1774), Paris, 47 S. DOI:10.1787/6f636d3b-en
Abstract
"The green transformation of the economy is expected to lead to a sharp reduction in employment in carbon-intensive industries. For designing policies to support displaced workers, it is crucial to better understand the cost of job loss, whether there are specific effects of being displaced from a carbon-intensive sector and which workers are most at risk. By using German administrative labor market data and focusing on mass layoff events, we estimate the cost of involuntary job displacement for workers in high carbon-intensity sectors and compare it with the displacement costs for workers in low carbon-intensity sectors. We find that displaced workers from high carbon-intensity sectors have, on average, higher earnings losses and face stronger difficulties in finding a new job and recovering their earnings. Our results indicate that this is mainly due to human capital specificity, the regional clustering of carbon-intensive activities and higher wage premia in carbon-intensive firms. Workers displaced in high carbon-intensity sectors are older, face higher local labor market concentration and have fewer outside options for finding jobs with similar skill requirements. They have a higher probability to switch occupations and sectors, move to occupations that are more different in terms of skill requirements compared to the pre-displacement job, and are more likely to change workplace districts after displacement. Women, older workers and those with vocational degrees as well as workers in East Germany, experience particularly high costs in case they are displaced from high carbon-intensity sectors." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Labor Demand Responses to Changing Gas Prices (2023)
Zitatform
Bossler, Mario, Alexander Moog & Thorsten Schank (2023): Labor Demand Responses to Changing Gas Prices. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 16015), Bonn, 17 S.
Abstract
"In course of the current energy crisis, the consequences of increasing gas prices are heavily discussed. To date, however, there is no evidence of the impact of gas prices on the labor market. Using administrative employment data from 2012–2020, we find for manufacturing establishments a gas price elasticity of labor demand of −0.02, likely reflecting a scale effect. We also show that a rise in the gas price leads to an increase in establishment closure. A negative impact of the gas price on wages of 2 percent is consistent with rent-sharing." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Urbane Produktion in Deutschland: Ergebnisse einer bundesweiten empirischen Datenanalyse (2023)
Zitatform
Brixy, Udo, Stefan Gärtner, Marvin Guth, Katharina Hackenberg, Andrea Jonas & Kerstin Meyer (2023): Urbane Produktion in Deutschland. Ergebnisse einer bundesweiten empirischen Datenanalyse. In: pnd - rethinking planning H. 1, S. 23-39., 2023-04-06. DOI:10.18154/RWTH-2023-04038
Abstract
"Nach Jahren der Trennung von Wohnen und Arbeiten geriet die Produktion in der Stadt zunehmend aus dem Blickfeld und wurde zum Teil aus den Städten verlagert. Angestoßen durch veränderte Produktionsweisen und neue Leitbilder der Nutzungsmischung wird aktuell über die produktive Stadt diskutiert. Bundesweite Analysen darüber, wie sich Produktion in unterschiedlichen Stadt- und Gemeindetypen darstellt, fehlen bislang. Hier setzt der vorliegende Beitrag an, der eine empirisch messbare Definition urbaner Produktion vorstellt und dazu Daten des Betriebs-Historik-Panels des Instituts für Arbeitsmarkt und Berufsforschung (IAB) mit Bevölkerungsdaten des Zensus sowie verschiedenen Geodaten verschneidet. Auf dieser Basis erfolgt eine räumlich differenzierte Analyse zum Status quo und zur zeitlichen Entwicklung (2000-2017) urbaner Produktion in Deutschland. Dargestellt werden Informationen zu Betrieben und Beschäftigten sowie deren bundesweite und kleinräumige Entwicklungen" (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The role of agglomerations in the emerging performance and the early development of new establishments: evidence from Germany (2023)
Zitatform
Changoluisa, Javier (2023): The role of agglomerations in the emerging performance and the early development of new establishments: evidence from Germany. In: Journal of evolutionary economics, Jg. 33, H. 3, S. 837-868. DOI:10.1007/s00191-023-00823-9
Abstract
"This paper analyzes the emerging performance and early development of new establishments considering the role of agglomerations. It creates distinctions between the most commonly observed types of new businesses, namely startups, spinofs, and new establishments that result from a change in proprietorship. The empirical analysis reveals that new establishments with higher productivity emerge in regions with higher population density, regardless of the foundation type. While at the end of the time period analyzed, new establishments in more densely populated regions still show higher productivity levels than those in less densely populated regions, an agglomeration’s role depends on the foundation type. Indeed, while spinofs in more densely populated regions tend to refect the higher productivity levels shown in the frst time period, the productivity premium of startups in agglomerations diminishes over time. This analysis emphasizes the relevance of location for the setup and early development of new ventures and, more importantly, the varying role of agglomerations conditioned by the characteristics of new businesses." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Robots and Female Employment in German Manufacturing (2023)
Zitatform
Deng, Liuchun, Steffen Müller, Verena Plümpe & Jens Stegmaier (2023): Robots and Female Employment in German Manufacturing. In: AEA papers and proceedings H. May, S. 224-228., 2023-02-01. DOI:10.1257/pandp.20231040
Abstract
"We analyze the impact of robot adoption on female employment. Our analysis is based on novel micro data on robot use by German manufacturing establishments linked with social security records. An event study analysis for robot adoption shows increased churning among female workers. Whereas hiring rises significantly at robot adoption, separations increase with a smaller magnitude one year later. Overall, employment effects are modestly positive and strongest for medium-qualified women. We find no adverse employment effects for female workers in any of our broad qualification groups." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Weiterführende Informationen
Online Appendix -
Literaturhinweis
Robots, Occupations, and Worker Age: A Production-unit Analysis of Employment (2023)
Zitatform
Deng, Liuchun, Steffen Müller, Verena Plümpe & Jens Stegmaier (2023): Robots, Occupations, and Worker Age: A Production-unit Analysis of Employment. (IWH-Diskussionspapiere 2023,05), Halle, 45 S.
Abstract
"Wir analysieren die Auswirkungen der Einführung von Robotern auf die Zusammensetzung der Beschäftigung anhand neuer Mikrodaten über den Einsatz von Robotern in deutschen Betrieben des verarbeitenden Gewerbes in Verbindung mit weiteren Daten. Unser theoretisches Modell sagt positive Beschäftigungseffekte für die am wenigsten routineintensiven Berufe und für junge Arbeitnehmer voraus, wobei letztere sich besser an den Wandel anpassen können. Eine Event-Study zur Einführung von Robotern findet hierfür Evidenz. Wir finden für keine Berufs- oder Altersgruppe negative Beschäftigungseffekte, aber die Fluktuation unter gering qualifizierten Arbeitnehmern steigt stark an. Wir kommen zu dem Schluss, dass der Verdrängungseffekt von Robotern berufsabhängig, aber altersneutral ist, während der Wiedereinstellungseffekt altersabhängig ist und vor allem jungen Arbeitnehmern zugute kommt." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The Occupational Panel for Germany (2023)
Zitatform
Dengler, Katharina, Markus Janser & Florian Lehmer (2023): The Occupational Panel for Germany. In: Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik, Jg. 243, H. 6, S. 711-724., 2022-08-30. DOI:10.1515/jbnst-2022-0053
Abstract
"The occupational panel for Germany provides a comprehensive database for studying the development of occupations over time. It is based on the IAB Employment History (BeH), which contains all social security notifications that employers have to submit for their employees subject to social security and minor employees. The current version of the panel covers the years 2012–2018. Information on employees is aggregated at the occupational level such as shares by age, qualification or gender. In addition, occupational information from the expert database BERUFENET of the Federal Employment Agency, e.g. the substitution potential or the Digital-Tools Index, is prepared and merged to the occupational panel." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © De Gruyter) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Employment and Reallocation Effects of Higher Minimum Wages (2023)
Drechsel-Grau, Moritz;Zitatform
Drechsel-Grau, Moritz (2023): Employment and Reallocation Effects of Higher Minimum Wages. (CESifo working paper 10412), München, 64 S.
Abstract
"This paper studies the employment and reallocation effects of minimum wages in Germany in a search-and-matching model with endogenous job search effort and vacancy posting, multiple employment levels, a progressive tax-transfer system, and worker and firm heterogeneity. I find that minimum wages up to 70% of the median wage significantly increase productivity, hours worked and output without reducing employment. In frictional labor markets, however, reallocation takes time whenever the minimum wage cuts deep into the wage distribution. I show that gradually implementing a high minimum wage is necessary to avoid elevated unemployment rates during the transition." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Regionale Unterschiede im Gender Pay Gap in Deutschland 2021 (2023)
Zitatform
Fuchs, Michaela, Anja Rossen, Antje Weyh & Gabriele Wydra-Somaggio (2023): Regionale Unterschiede im Gender Pay Gap in Deutschland 2021. (Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung. Aktuelle Daten und Indikatoren), Nürnberg, 17 S.
Abstract
"Dass Frauen in Deutschland weniger verdienen als Männer, gilt gemeinhin als bekannt. Die nationale Betrachtung verdeckt jedoch große Unterschiede zwischen den einzelnen Regionen. Im Folgenden zeigen wir diese regionalen Unterschiede mit dem so genannten Gender Pay Gap (GPG) auf. Datengrundlage bildet hierbei der nominale Lohn (brutto), den sozialversicherungspflichtig Vollzeitbeschäftigte zum Stichtag 30.06.2021 in einer bestimmten Region verdient haben." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The World's Rust Belts: The Heterogeneous Effects of Deindustrialization on 1,993 Cities in Six Countries (2023)
Gagliardi, Luisa; Serafinelli, Michel; Moretti, Enrico;Zitatform
Gagliardi, Luisa, Enrico Moretti & Michel Serafinelli (2023): The World's Rust Belts: The Heterogeneous Effects of Deindustrialization on 1,993 Cities in Six Countries. (NBER working paper / National Bureau of Economic Research 31948), Cambridge, Mass, 63 S.
Abstract
"We investigate the employment consequences of deindustrialization for 1,993 cities in France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Japan, and the United States. In all six countries we find a strong negative relationship between a city's share of manufacturing employment in the year of its country's manufacturing peak and the subsequent change in total employment, reflecting the fact that cities where manufacturing was initially more important experienced larger negative labor demand shocks. But in a significant number of cases, total employment fully recovered and even exceeded initial levels, despite the loss of manufacturing jobs. Overall, 34% of former manufacturing hubs--defined as cities with an initial manufacturing employment share in the top tercile--experienced employment growth faster than their country's mean, suggesting that a surprisingly large number of cities was able to adapt to the negative shock caused by deindustrialization. The U.S. has the lowest share, indicating that the U.S. Rust Belt communities have fared relatively worse compared to their peers in the other countries. We then seek to understand why some former manufacturing hubs recovered while others didn't. We find that deindustrialization had different effects on local employment depending on the initial share of college-educated workers in the labor force. While in the two decades before the manufacturing peak, cities with a high college share experienced a rate of employment growth similar to those with a low college share, in the decades after the manufacturing peak, the employment trends diverged: cities with a high college share experienced significantly faster employment growth. The divergence grows over time at an accelerating rate. Using an instrumental variable based on the driving distance to historical colleges and universities, we estimate that a one standard deviation increase in local college share results in a rate of employment growth per decade that is 9.1 percentage points" (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Regional Factors as Determinants of Employees’ Training Participation (2023)
Görlitz, Katja; Rzepka, Sylvi; Tamm, Marcus;Zitatform
Görlitz, Katja, Sylvi Rzepka & Marcus Tamm (2023): Regional Factors as Determinants of Employees’ Training Participation. In: S. Weinert, G. J. Blossfeld & H.-P. Blossfeld (Hrsg.) (2023): Education, Competence Development and Career Trajectories, S. 337-345. DOI:10.1007/978-3-031-27007-9_15
Abstract
"Although the literature on the determinants of training has considered individual and firm-related characteristics, it has generally neglected regional factors. This is surprising, given the fact that labour markets differ by regions. Regional factors are often ignored because (both in Germany and abroad) many data sets covering training information do not include detailed geographical identifiers that would allow a merging of information on the regional level. The regional identifiers of the National Educational Panel Study (Starting Cohort 6) offer opportunities to advance research on several regional factors. This article summarizes the results from two studies that exploit these unique opportunities to investigate the relationship between training participation and (a) the local level of firm competition for workers within specific sectors of the economy and (b) the regional supply of training measured as the number of firms offering courses or seminars for potential training participants." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Working from Home for Good? Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic and What This Means for the Future of Work (2023)
Zitatform
Kagerl, Christian & Julia Starzetz (2023): Working from Home for Good? Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic and What This Means for the Future of Work. In: Journal of business economics, Jg. 93, H. 1/2, S. 229-265., 2022-11-01. DOI:10.1007/s11573-022-01124-6
Abstract
"In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, more firms than ever before have enabled their employees to work from home. Based on a representative firm survey in Germany, surveying 2.000 firms per month throughout the course of the pandemic (October 2020 until June 2022), this paper provides suggestive evidence concerning the effects of working from home (WFH) at different points in time during the pandemic and discusses implications for the future of work. We assess the potential of WFH in Germany to be 25–30% of private-sector employees. On the firm side, we find that higher WFH use is positively related to business success during the crisis, with increased employee productivity and employees working more hours when remote being possible mechanisms. Larger firms in particular are open towards expanding their WFH offerings in the future. During the pandemic, firms have experienced that WFH has worked well in many respects (e.g., productivity of employees, quality of work performed) and, for the future, they are willing to facilitate WFH in order to give their employees more flexibility, and to be considered an attractive employer. However, working on site brings advantages (e.g., communication, cooperation and onboarding of new employees) firms will not want to sacrifice, pointing towards a hybrid model of work." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The fall and rebound of average establishment size in West Germany (2023)
Kovalenko, Tim; Sauerbier, Timo; Schropf, Benedikt;Zitatform
Kovalenko, Tim, Timo Sauerbier & Benedikt Schropf (2023): The fall and rebound of average establishment size in West Germany. (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Lehrstuhl für Arbeitsmarkt- und Regionalpolitik. Diskussionspapiere 126), Nürnberg, 69 S.
Abstract
"In West Germany, the average size of establishments declined during the 1990s and started to increase again in the late 2000s, while the employer size wage premium followed the opposite trajectory. In this paper, we show that these two developments are interrelated. More precisely, our results suggest that variations in the employer size wage premiums induced establishments to vary their employment level, consistent with monopsony power on the labor market. Moreover, our regional analyses show that average establishment size correlates positively with GDP per capita. We rationalize these findings with a heterogeneous firms model with monopsonistic competition in the labor market, stemming from the household’s love-of-variety preferences for employers. Both empirics and theory reveal that higher size wage premiums decrease average establishment size by downsizing incumbent establishments and triggering the entry of small establishments, thus also negatively affecting aggregate productivity." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Nonresponse trends in establishment panel surveys: findings from the 2001–2017 IAB establishment panel (2023)
Zitatform
König, Corinna & Joseph Sakshaug (2023): Nonresponse trends in establishment panel surveys: findings from the 2001–2017 IAB establishment panel. In: Journal for labour market research, Jg. 57, 2023-07-06. DOI:10.1186/s12651-023-00349-4
Abstract
"Many household panel surveys have experienced decreasing response rates and increasing risk of nonresponse bias in recent decades, but trends in response rates and nonresponse bias in business or establishment panel surveys are largely understudied. This article examines both panel response rates and nonresponse bias in one of the largest and longest-running establishment panels, the IAB Establishment Panel. Response rate trends are reported over a 17-year period for each annual cohort and rich administrative data are used to evaluate changes in nonresponse bias and test hypotheses regarding short-term and long-term panel participation. The findings show that while cumulative panel response rates have declined over time, wave-to-wave reinterview rates have remained largely stable. Reinterview nonresponse bias has also remained stable, while cumulative nonresponse bias has consistently increased within all cohorts. Larger establishments and those that experienced an interviewer change or did not answer all survey questions (item nonresponse) in a previous wave were less likely to continue participating in the panel. These findings and their practical implications are discussed in conclusion." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
FDI and onshore job stability: Upgrades, downgrades, and separations in multinationals (2023)
Körner, Konstantin; Borrs, Linda; Eppelsheimer, Johann;Zitatform
Körner, Konstantin, Linda Borrs & Johann Eppelsheimer (2023): FDI and onshore job stability: Upgrades, downgrades, and separations in multinationals. In: European Economic Review, Jg. 152, 2022-10-24. DOI:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2022.104332
Abstract
"We use linked employer–employee data to estimate the impact of firms’ foreign direct investment (FDI) into a low-wage country on workers’ job stability in a high-wage country. We are the first to consider internal (i.e., within-firm) job transitions. Specifically, we examine the impact of German firms’ FDI into the Czech Republic on the likelihood of onshore employees up- or downgrading to occupations that are more or less intensive in analytical and interactive tasks. To do so, we match firms with similar investing probabilities. We use this sample to estimate proportional hazards models to retrieve the dynamic effects on workers. We find that FDI increases the average likelihood of upgrades and downgrades by 17% and 19%, respectively. These effects are the strongest for jobs with low shares of nonroutine and interactive tasks, and they increase over time. They become substantial two years after the investment and reach 32%–46% and 35%–48%, respectively. FDI does not increase the hazard of worker–firm separations. Our results highlight the importance of internal firm restructuring, which enables firms to satisfy their altered domestic labor needs after FDI." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The dynamics of wage dispersion between firms: the role of firm entry and exit (2023)
Zitatform
Schröpf, Benedikt (2023): The dynamics of wage dispersion between firms: the role of firm entry and exit. In: Journal for labour market research, Jg. 57. DOI:10.1186/s12651-022-00326-3
Abstract
"Although wage inequality is an important and widely studied issue, the literature is vastly silent on the relationship between firm entry and exit and the wage dispersion between firms. Using a 50% random administrative sample of West German establishments over the period 1976–2017, I study wage dispersion dynamics between and within the groups of entering, exiting, and incumbent establishments by examining the distribution of average wages across establishments. The results show that entering establishments became increasingly unequal over time, thereby contributing to the rise in wage dispersion between establishments. However, exit rates of young and low-wage establishments have dampened this effect. These findings suggest considering the consequences for wage inequality when designing and assessing policy instruments for firm entry and exit." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Beyond windfall gains: The redistribution of apprenticeship costs and vocational education of care workers (2023)
Schuß, Eric;Zitatform
Schuß, Eric (2023): Beyond windfall gains: The redistribution of apprenticeship costs and vocational education of care workers. In: Economica, Jg. 90, H. 359, S. 978-1002. DOI:10.1111/ecca.12474
Abstract
"In many countries, training subsidies and levy schemes are used to tackle the problem that company-based provision of apprenticeship training is low. In this paper, we consider the introduction of a levy scheme in the care sector and estimate the causal effect exerted by substantial redistribution of care worker apprenticeship costs on the training activity of care facilities. We exploit the fact that the underlying apprenticeship levy was introduced across the German federal states at different points in time. For ambulatory care, we find a positive effect on the probability of hiring new apprentices and on the number of new apprentices. Inpatient care facilities react only at the intensive margin. This suggests that the positive effects in this sector are driven mainly by facilities that have already provided training slots before the reform." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Effects of mass layoffs on local employment - evidence from geo-referenced data (2023)
Zitatform
Vom Berge, Philipp & Achim Schmillen (2023): Effects of mass layoffs on local employment - evidence from geo-referenced data. In: Journal of economic geography, Jg. 23, H. 3, S. 509-539., 2022-08-25. DOI:10.1093/jeg/lbac026
Abstract
"Using an event study approach and a novel data set that links administrative information on German establishments with exact distance measures from geo-referenced address data, we analyze the net impact of mass layoffs on local employment. We find that local spillovers significantly attenuate the direct impact of mass layoffs on municipal-level employment. About a quarter of the 1-year direct employment loss due to a mass layoff event is absorbed within the same municipality. Local spillovers are especially pronounced very close to the mass layoff site; the majority of the absorption is concentrated within a 1000-m radius. There is little evidence of spillovers beyond the affected municipality." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Oxford University Press) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Role of Within-Occupation Task Changes in Wage Development (2022)
Zitatform
Bachmann, Ronald, Gökay Demir, Colin Green & Arne Uhlendorff (2022): The Role of Within-Occupation Task Changes in Wage Development. (Ruhr economic papers 975), Essen, 41 S. DOI:10.4419/96973140
Abstract
"Wir untersuchen, wie Veränderungen der Aufgabeninhalte im Laufe der Zeit die berufliche Lohnentwicklung beeinflussen. Anhand von Umfragedaten aus Deutschland dokumentieren wir eine erhebliche Heterogenität bei der Veränderung von Aufgabeninhalten innerhalb eines Berufes. Kombiniert man diese Erkenntnisse mit administrativen Daten zu individuellen Beschäftigungsergebnissen über einen Zeitraum von 25 Jahren, so stellt man fest, dass es eine erhebliche Heterogenität in Bezug auf Lohneinbußen bei ursprünglich routineintensiven Tätigkeiten gibt. Während Berufe, die (relativ) routineintensiv bleiben, erhebliche Lohneinbußen mit sich bringen, bleiben die Löhne in Berufen mit abnehmender Routineintensität stabil oder steigen sogar. Diese Ergebnisse lassen sich nicht durch Kompositions- oder Kohorteneffekte erklärt werden." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Uhlendorff, Arne;Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: CREST working paper series -
Literaturhinweis
Disentangling structural change, servitization, and skill-biased Change (2022)
Boddin, Dominik; Kroeger, Thilo;Zitatform
Boddin, Dominik & Thilo Kroeger (2022): Disentangling structural change, servitization, and skill-biased Change. Frankfurt am Main, 41 S.
Abstract
"Based on a decomposition exercise, we show that, while the three labor market trends of structural change, servitization, and skill-biased change occur simultaneously in Germany, they are independent of and clearly distinguishable from one another. We assess the individual contributions of each of the trends to observed changes in employment from 1975 to 2017. In addition to structural change, which often dominates the debate about changes in the labor market, servitization and skill-biased change also play an important role in employment growth. For instance, merely two-thirds of the lost jobs in the manufacturing sector can be attributed to structural change." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Labor market frictions and spillover effects from publicly announced sectoral minimum wages (2022)
Demir, Gökay;Zitatform
Demir, Gökay (2022): Labor market frictions and spillover effects from publicly announced sectoral minimum wages. (Ruhr economic papers 985), Essen, 76 S.
Abstract
"I analyze the spillover effects of publicly announced sectoral minimum wages in Germany. My identification strategy exploits exposure to sectoral minimum wages across workers and industries outside the minimum wage sector in a triple differences estimation. Subminimum wage workers in related industries outside of the minimum wage sector experience an increase in wages, job-to-job transitions, and reallocation from low-paying to high-paying establishments after the public announcement of Germany's first sectoral minimum wage. The reduction of information frictions, rather than the strategic interaction of employers, appears to be the main mechanism for these effects. When examining the spillover effects of other sectoral minimum wages from various contexts, I only discover positive spillover effects on sub-minimum wage workers in related industries outside the minimum wage sectors if the typical employment relationship in the minimum wage sector is comparable to that of the workers in my sample." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Macroeconomic and Distributional Effects of Higher Minimum Wages (2022)
Drechsel-Grau, Moritz;Zitatform
Drechsel-Grau, Moritz (2022): Macroeconomic and Distributional Effects of Higher Minimum Wages. (Jahrestagung des Vereins für Socialpolitik 2022: Big Data in Economics), Kiel, 60 S.
Abstract
"While many countries are discussing substantial increases in the minimum wage, policy makers lack a comprehensive analysis of the macroeconomic and distributional consequences of raising the minimum wage. This paper investigates how employment, output and worker welfare respond to increases in the minimum wage beyond observable levels – both in the short- and long run. To that end, I incorporate endogenous job search effort, differences in employment levels, and a progressive tax-transfer system into a search-matching model with worker and firm heterogeneity. I estimate my model using German administrative and survey data. The model replicates the muted employment response, as well as the reallocation effects in terms of productivity and employment levels documented by reduced form research on the German introduction of a federal minimum wage in 2015. Simulating the model, I find that long-run employment increases slightly until the minimum wage is equal to 60% of the full-time median wage (Kaitz index) as higher search effort offsets lower vacancy posting. In addition, raising the minimum wage reallocates workers towards fulltime jobs and high-productivity firms. Total hours worked and output peak at Kaitz indices of 73% and 79%. However, policy makers face an important inter-temporal trade-off as large minimum wage hikes lead to substantial job destruction, unemployment and recessions in the short-run. Finally, I show that raising the minimum wage largely benefits men. For women, who often rely on low-hours jobs, the disutility from working longer hours outweighs the utility of higher incomes." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Weiterführende Informationen
Latest Version February 23, 2023 -
Literaturhinweis
Does working at a start-up pay off? (2022)
Zitatform
Fackler, Daniel, Lisa Hölscher, Claus Schnabel & Antje Weyh (2022): Does working at a start-up pay off? In: Small business economics, Jg. 58, H. 4, S. 2211-2233., 2021-04-26. DOI:10.1007/s11187-021-00508-2
Abstract
"Using representative linked employer-employee data for Germany, this paper analyzes short- and long-run differences in labor market performance of workers joining start-ups instead of incumbent firms. Applying entropy balancing and following individuals over ten years, we find huge and long-lasting drawbacks from entering a start-up in terms of wages, yearly income, and (un)employment. These disadvantages hold for all groups of workers and types of start-ups analyzed. Although our analysis of different subsequent career paths highlights important heterogeneities, it does not reveal any strategy through which workers joining start-ups can catch up with the income of similar workers entering incumbent firms." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Weyh, Antje; -
Literaturhinweis
The Speed of Earnings Responses to Taxation and the Role of Firm Labor Demand (2022)
Zitatform
Gudgeon, Matthew & Simon Trenkle (2022): The Speed of Earnings Responses to Taxation and the Role of Firm Labor Demand. In: Journal of labor economics online erschienen am 01.12.2022, S. 1-39. DOI:10.1086/723831
Abstract
"This paper studies the speed at which workers’ pre-tax earnings respond to tax changes along the intensive margin. We do so in the context of Germany, where a large notch in the tax schedule induces sharp bunching in the earnings distribution. We analyze earnings responses to two policy reforms that shift this notch outward and find clear evidence that frictions delay the earnings responses of over 38% of workers. We propose that heterogeneity in firm labor demand plays a key role in generating the observed differences in the speed of workers’ earnings responses and provide supporting evidence." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Firm Organization with Multiple Establishments (2022)
Zitatform
Gumpert, Anna, Henrike Steimer & Manfred Antoni (2022): Firm Organization with Multiple Establishments. In: The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Jg. 137, H. 2, S. 1091-1138., 2021-10-03. DOI:10.1093/qje/qjab049
Abstract
"We show theoretically and empirically that the managerial organization of multiestablishment firms is interdependent across establishments. To derive our result, we study the effect of geographic frictions on firm organization. In our model, we assume that a CEO’s time is a resource in limited supply, shared across headquarters and establishments. Geographic frictions increase the costs of accessing the CEO. Hiring middle managers at one establishment substitutes for CEO time, which is reallocated across all establishments. Consequently, geographic frictions between the headquarters and one establishment affect the organization of all establishments of a firm. Our model is consistent with novel facts about multiestablishment firm organization that we document using administrative data from Germany. We exploit the opening of high-speed railway routes to show that not only the establishments directly affected by faster travel times but also the other establishments of the firm adjust their organization. Our findings imply that local conditions propagate across space through firm organization." (Author's abstract, © 2021 Oxford University Press) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
früher (möglw. abweichend) erschienen als: CESifo working paper -
Literaturhinweis
Dynamics of intra-urban employment geographies: A comparative study of U.S. and German metropolitan areas (2022)
Heider, Bastian ; Mast, Johannes; Roth, Duncan ; Siedentop, Stefan ; Taubenböck, Hannes ; Standfuß, Ines;Zitatform
Heider, Bastian, Johannes Mast, Duncan Roth, Ines Standfuß, Stefan Siedentop & Hannes Taubenböck (2022): Dynamics of intra-urban employment geographies: A comparative study of U.S. and German metropolitan areas. In: Journal of Urban Affairs online erschienen am 15.12.2022, S. 1-21. DOI:10.1080/07352166.2022.2122833
Abstract
"In this paper we analyze changes in the intra-urban spatial distribution of employment across six U.S. and German city regions between 2002 and 2015. Our methodological approach allows for a systematic and spatially consistent comparison of urban spatial structures across the two different countries. The empirical results show major national, regional, and sectoral differences in the spatial distribution of employment. In the German case studies traditional core cities play a more important role for the regional labor market than in the U.S. Only relatively small shares of metropolitan employment are concentrated in subcenters. While employment concentrations are spatially less persistent in the U.S. case study regions, we did not find any evidence of common or country-specific trends toward increased polycentricity or employment dispersal. Changes in the spatial concentration of employment seem to be highly context-specific and influenced by the individual geographic and institutional frameworks of the analyzed metropolitan areas." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Taylor & Francis) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
To Include or Not to Include? Firm Employment Decisions with Respect to the German Disabled Worker Quota (2022)
Zitatform
Hiesinger, Karolin (2022): To Include or Not to Include? Firm Employment Decisions with Respect to the German Disabled Worker Quota. (IAB-Discussion Paper 25/2022), Nürnberg, 61 S. DOI:10.48720/IAB.DP.2225
Abstract
"In Deutschland müssen Unternehmen eine Ausgleichsabgabe zahlen, wenn sie die gesetzliche Quote zur Beschäftigung von Menschen mit Schwerbehinderungen nicht erfüllen. Im vorliegenden Papier wird untersucht, inwieweit die Ausgleichsabgabe die Arbeitsnachfrage von Unternehmen beeinflusst. Dabei nutze ich eine Schwellenwertregelung innerhalb der Schwerbehindertenquote: Unternehmen mit mindestens 20, aber weniger als 40 Beschäftigte müssen mindestens eine Person mit Schwerbehinderung beschäftigen, Unternehmen mit mindestens 40, aber weniger als 60 Beschäftigte müssen mindestens zwei Menschen mit Schwerbehinderungen beschäftigen. Mit Hilfe administrativer Unternehmensdaten schätze ich den Schwellenwerteffekt auf die Anzahl der Personen mit Schwerbehinderungen im Unternehmen. Meine Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Unternehmen zum Teil auf die Regelung reagieren und im Durchschnitt 0,388 mehr Personen mit Schwerbehinderungen beschäftigen, wenn sie sich knapp oberhalb des Schwellenwertes befinden. Dieser Effekt bleibt auch dann positiv, wenn berücksichtigt wird, dass manche Unternehmen bewusst unterhalb der Schwelle bleiben." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Cost of Inclusion? Intended and Non-intended Effects of the Employment Quota for Workers with Disabilities (2022)
Zitatform
Hiesinger, Karolin (2022): Cost of Inclusion? Intended and Non-intended Effects of the Employment Quota for Workers with Disabilities. (Jahrestagung des Vereins für Socialpolitik 2022: Big Data in Economics), Kiel, 58 S.
Abstract
"This paper analyzes whether financial disincentives affect firm demand for disabled workers. In Germany, firms must pay a noncompliance fine if they do not meet their legal quota for disabled workers. I exploit a threshold in this quota: Firms with fewer than 40 employees are required to employ one disabled worker, whereas firms with 40 or more employees must employ two disabled workers. Using administrative firm data, my results suggest that firms respond partially to the threshold and employ 0.388 more disabled workers when they are located just above the threshold. The effect remains positive after correcting for bunching behavior." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Wage Elasticity of Recruitment (2022)
Zitatform
Hirsch, Boris, Elke J. Jahn, Alan Manning & Michael Oberfichtner (2022): The Wage Elasticity of Recruitment. (CEP discussion paper / Centre for Economic Performance 1883), London, 48 S.
Abstract
"One of the factors affecting the market power of employers is the extent to which higher wages makes recruitment easier. There is very little research on this. This paper presents a methodology for estimating the wage elasticity of recruitment and applies it to German data. Our estimates of the wage elasticity of recruitment are about 1.4. We also report evidence that high-wage employers are more selective in hiring, in which case the relevant recruitment elasticity should be higher, about 2.2. Together with prior estimates of the quit elasticity these results imply that wages are 72-77% of the marginal product of labour. Further, we find lower elasticities for recruits hired from non-employment as well as for women, non-German nationals, non-prime-age workers, less skilled workers, and workers with less complex jobs." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Wage Elasticity of Recruitment (2022)
Zitatform
Hirsch, Boris, Elke J. Jahn, Alan Manning & Michael Oberfichtner (2022): The Wage Elasticity of Recruitment. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 15675), Bonn, 48 S.
Abstract
"One of the factors likely to affect the market power of employers is the sensitivity of the flow of recruits to the offered wage, but there is very little research on this. This paper presents a methodology for estimating the wage elasticity of recruitment and applies it to German data. Our estimates of the wage elasticity of recruitment are about 1.4. We also report evidence that high-wage employers are more selective in hiring, in which case the relevant recruitment elasticity should be higher, about 2.2. Together with prior estimates of the quit elasticity these results imply that wages are 72–77% of the marginal product of labour. Further, we find lower elasticities for recruits hired from non-employment as well as for women, non-German nationals, non-prime-age workers, less skilled workers, and workers with less complex jobs." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Parental Leave, Worker Substitutability, and Firms' Employment (2022)
Zitatform
Huebener, Mathias, Jonas Jessen, Daniel Kuehnle & Michael Oberfichtner (2022): Parental Leave, Worker Substitutability, and Firms' Employment. (Discussion paper / Berlin School of Economics 7), Berlin, 51 S. DOI:10.48462/opus4-4674
Abstract
"Motherhood and parental leave are frequent causes of worker absences and employment interruptions, yet we know little about their effects on firms. Based on linked employer-employee data from Germany, we examine how more generous leave benefits affect firm-level employment and hiring decisions. Focusing on small- and medium-sized firms, we show that more generous benefits reduce firm-level employment in the short term, which is driven by firms with few internal substitutes for the absent mother. However, firms do not respond to longer expected absences by hiring fewer young women, even when few internal substitutes are available. To rationalise the findings, we show that replacement hiring occurs largely before the expected absence and that firms hire more external replacements when fewer internal substitutes are available. These findings indicate that extended leave does not harm firms when these can plan for the longer worker absences." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Working from Home for Good? Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic and What This Means for the Future of Work (2022)
Zitatform
Kagerl, Christian & Julia Starzetz (2022): Working from Home for Good? Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic and What This Means for the Future of Work. (Jahrestagung des Vereins für Socialpolitik 2022: Big Data in Economics), Kiel, 41 S.
Abstract
"In the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic, more firms than ever before have enabled their employees to work from home. Based on a unique establishment survey conducted in Germany, this paper provides suggestive evidence concerning the effects of working from home (WFH) at different points in time during the pandemic and discusses implications for the future of work. We assess the potential of WFH in Germany to be 25%-30% of private-sector employees. On the firm side, we find that higher WFH use is inversely related to business success during the crisis, with avoided personnel shortages and increased employee productivity being possible mechanisms. Larger firms in particular are open towards expanding their WFH offerings after the pandemic. However, working on site brings advantages firms will not want to sacrifice, pointing towards a hybrid model of work in the future." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Covid-19 pandemic and international supply chains (2022)
Zitatform
Kleifgen, Eva, Duncan Roth & Ignat Stepanok (2022): The Covid-19 pandemic and international supply chains. (IAB-Discussion Paper 05/2022), Nürnberg, 23 S. DOI:10.48720/IAB.DP.2205
Abstract
"Die Covid-19 Pandemie hatte einen beträchtlichen Einbruch des internationalen Handels zur Folge, wodurch auch Fragen zur Zukunft internationaler Handelsketten aufgeworfen wurden. Anhand eines Betriebs-Surveys, welches mit administrativen Daten verbunden werden konnte, untersuchen wir, wie Betriebe in Deutschland ihre Lieferketten aufgrund von pandemiebedingten Störungen angepasst haben. Unseren Ergebnissen zu folge weisen Betriebe, bei denen es aufgrund der Pandemie zu Einschränkungen im Bezug von Vorleistungen oder Zwischenprodukten gekommen ist, im Vergleich zu Betrieben ohne solche Beeinträchtigungen eine signifikant höhere Wahrscheinlichkeit auf, einen oder mehrere Lieferanten ausgetauscht zu haben. Dies ist insbesondere dann der Fall, wenn es zu Problemen beim Bezug aus dem Ausland gekommen ist. Betriebe, die von solchen Einschränkungen betroffen sind, haben darüber hinaus eine höhere Wahrscheinlichkeit, weiter entfernte Lieferanten mit näher gelegenen ersetzt zu haben. Den Ergebnissen zufolge handelt es sich dabei jedoch um temporäre Anpassungen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Minimum Wages in Concentrated Labor Markets: Version 4 (2022)
Zitatform
Popp, Martin (2022): Minimum Wages in Concentrated Labor Markets. Version 4. (arXiv papers), Nürnberg, 100 S. DOI:10.48550/arXiv.2111.13692
Abstract
"Economists increasingly refer to monopsony power to reconcile the absence of negative employment effects of minimum wages with theory. However, systematic evidence for the monopsony argument is scarce. In this paper, I perform a comprehensive test of monopsony theory by using labor market concentration as a proxy for monopsony power. Labor market concentration turns out substantial in Germany. Absent wage floors, a 10 percent increase in labor market concentration makes firms reduce wages by 0.5 percent and employment by 1.6 percent, reflecting monopsonistic exploitation. In line with perfect competition, sectoral minimum wages lead to negative employment effects in slightly concentrated labor markets. This effect weakens with increasing concentration and, ultimately, becomes positive in highly concentrated or monopsonistic markets. Overall, the results lend empirical support to the monopsony argument, implying that conventional minimum wage effects on employment conceal heterogeneity across market forms." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
später erschienen (möglw. abweichend) als: IAB-Discussion Paper -
Literaturhinweis
Missing growth measurement in Germany (2022)
Schreiber, Sven; Schmidt, Vanessa;Zitatform
Schreiber, Sven & Vanessa Schmidt (2022): Missing growth measurement in Germany. In: German Economic Review, Jg. 23, H. 3, S. 493-527. DOI:10.1515/ger-2021-0068
Abstract
"Using detailed establishment-level micro data, this paper analyzes for the German case the hypothesis by Aghion et al. (2019), stating that officially published figures for real output growth would be systematically understated. The effect rests on overstated inflation estimates due to imputed prices for disappearing goods and services varieties, where measurable plant entry and exit dynamics play a crucial rule. Our main results regarding understated real output growth lie in the range of 0.39 to 0.54 average annual percentage points for 1998–2016, which is quite closely in line with existing findings for France, the USA, and Japan (in different periods). We also find that services sectors appear most affected, and that the effect in East Germany is somewhat larger. We investigate different market share proxies, provide additional robustness analysis and also discuss limitations of the approach." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Do asset purchase programmes shape industry dynamics?: Evidence from the ECB's SMP on plant entries and exits (2021)
Zitatform
Antoni, Manfred & Talina Sondershaus (2021): Do asset purchase programmes shape industry dynamics? Evidence from the ECB's SMP on plant entries and exits. (IWH-Diskussionspapiere 2019,12), Halle, 48 S.
Abstract
"Asset purchase programmes (APPs) may insulate banks from having to terminate relationships with unproductive customers. Using administrative plant and bank data, we test whether APPs impinge on industry dynamics in terms of plant entry and exit. Plants in Germany connected to banks with access to an APP are approximately 20% less likely to exit. In particular, unproductive plants connected to weak banks with APP access are less likely to close. Aggregate entry and exit rates in regional markets with high APP exposures are also lower. Thus, APPs seem to subdue Schumpeterian cleansing mechanisms, which may hamper factor reallocation and aggregate productivity growth." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Occupational routine intensity and the costs of job loss: evidence from mass layoffs (2021)
Zitatform
Blien, Uwe, Wolfgang Dauth & Duncan Roth (2021): Occupational routine intensity and the costs of job loss. Evidence from mass layoffs. In: Labour Economics, Jg. 68, 2020-11-25. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2020.101953
Abstract
"In diesem Papier wird untersucht, inwieweit sich die Kosten eines Jobverlusts für Personen unterscheiden, die ursprünglich in Berufen tätig waren, die einen unterschiedlichen Grad an Routineintensität aufweisen. Für die empirische Untersuchung verwenden wir Daten zu Massenentlassungen in Deutschland, die zwischen 1980 und 2010 stattgefunden haben. Diese Datengrundlage erlaubt es uns, den kausalen Effekt von Routineintensität auf die Auswirkungen zu schätzen, die ein Jobverlust auf das Einkommen von Personen hat. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass ein solcher Jobverlust größere und länger anhaltende negative Einkommenseffekte für Personen aus routineintensiveren Berufen nach sich zieht. In den ersten Monaten nach der Massenentlassung lassen sich diese Effekte mehrheitlich darauf zurückführen, dass die Beschäftigungsdauer von Personen aus routineintensiveren Berufen stärker abnimmt, was auf größere Friktionen bei der Suche nach neuer Beschäftigung für diese Personengruppe hindeutet. Wenn eine neue Beschäftigung aufgenommen wird, ist diese bei ursprünglich in routineintensiven Berufen tätigen Personen häufiger in einem anderen Beruf als dem ursprungsberuf vor der Massenentlassung. Darüber hinaus liegt die Entlohnung systematisch unterhalb des berufsspezifischen Durchschnittslohns." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Structural change revisited: The rise of manufacturing jobs in the service sector (2021)
Boddin, Dominik; Kroeger, Thilo;Zitatform
Boddin, Dominik & Thilo Kroeger (2021): Structural change revisited: The rise of manufacturing jobs in the service sector. (Discussion paper / Deutsche Bundesbank 2021,38), Frankfurt am Main, 55 S.
Abstract
"This paper reconsiders the labor market consequences of structural change over the past 43 years. Taking two different ways of defining manufacturing and service employment as point of departure - according to the industry classification of firms or establishments and according to the occupation and hence the tasks of the workers - we show that structural change is far less pronounced than generally perceived. Manufacturing and service employment numbers based on the occupations of workers deviate markedly from the employment numbers based on the industry classification of employers. The decline in manufacturing jobs in Germany is far lower if the measurement of employment is based on the occupation of the worker. About 52% of manufacturing jobs that were lost in manufacturing industries between 1975 and 2017 are offset by new manufacturing jobs in service industries. This also has important implications for empirical applications. By way of example, we reestimate the effect of international trade on manufacturing employment based on the occupation of the worker. Contrary to previously identified negative effects, we cannot identify significant effects of import exposure on employment in manufacturing occupations. Using detailed, comprehensive German social security data, we show at the worker level that the service sector increasingly acts as a valuable alternative employment option for workers with manufacturing occupations. We estimate the causal effects of a switch to the service sector on employment outcomes by following workers over time after mass layoffs. The results reinforce our claim that structural change is less pronounced than perceived, as workers who retain their initial occupation and switch to employment in the service sector experience no significant differences in future employment trajectories compared to workers who manage to stay in the manufacturing sector." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Do Firms Hire Relatively More Older Workers?: Evidence from Germany (2021)
Zitatform
Busch, Fabian, Robert Fenge & Carsten Ochsen (2021): Do Firms Hire Relatively More Older Workers? Evidence from Germany. (HdBA discussion papers in labour economics / Hochschule der Bundesagentur für Arbeit 2021-05), Mannheim, 33 S.
Abstract
"This paper analyses how demographic changes affect the hiring of older workers. Do firms adjust their hiring behaviour to an ageing society? Combining data at the firm level and the administrative district level, we analyse the hiring behaviour of firms. Our findings suggest that firms with an ageing workforce hire relatively more older workers. Since the willingness to hire older workers also increases with the share of older unemployed, the propensity to employ older people does generally rise with an ageing labour force. Also, part-time employment induces firms to engage more older workers but this effect disappears for large firms. In contrast, partial retirement regulations have a negative effect on hiring older workers which reveals unintended incentives of the German law on this matter. Finally, firms with a higher share of educated personnel hire more older workers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Stellen Unternehmen relativ mehr ältere ArbeitnehmerInnen ein? (2021)
Zitatform
Busch, Fabian, Robert Fenge & Carsten Ochsen (2021): Stellen Unternehmen relativ mehr ältere ArbeitnehmerInnen ein? In: Ökonomenstimme H. 22.10.2021, o. Sz.
Abstract
"Der demographische Wandel lässt die Erwerbsbevölkerung altern. Wie reagieren Unternehmen mit ihrem Einstellungsverhalten auf den alternden ArbeitnehmerInnenpool? In einer Paneldatenanalyse wird die Wirkung der Alterung der Erwerbspersonen auf den Anteil von 50- bis 64-jährigen ArbeitnehmerInnen untersucht, den Unternehmen einstellen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Do Firms Hire More Older Workers? Evidence from Germany (2021)
Zitatform
Busch, Fabian, Robert Fenge & Carsten Ochsen (2021): Do Firms Hire More Older Workers? Evidence from Germany. (CESifo working paper 9219), München, 33 S.
Abstract
"This paper analyses how demographic changes of the labour force affect labour demand. Do firms adjust their hiring behaviour to an ageing society? Combining data at the firm level and the administrative district level, we analyse the hiring behaviour of firms. Our findings suggest that firms with an ageing workforce hire relatively more older workers. Since the willingness to hire older workers also increases with the share of older unemployed, the propensity to employ older people does generally rise with an ageing labour force. Also, part-time employment induces firms to engage more older workers but this effect disappears for large firms. In contrast, partial retirement regulations have a negative effect on hiring older workers which reveals unintended incentives of the German law on this matter. Finally, firms with a higher share of educated personnel demand more older workers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Employment effects of payroll tax subsidies (2021)
Zitatform
Collischon, Matthias, Kamila Cygan-Rehm & Regina T. Riphahn (2021): Employment effects of payroll tax subsidies. In: Small business economics, Jg. 57, S. 1201–1219., 2020-03-11. DOI:10.1007/s11187-020-00344-w
Abstract
"This paper exploits several reforms of wage subsidies in the framework of the German Minijob program to investigate substitution and complementarity relationships between subsidized and non-subsidized labor demand. We apply an instrumental variables approach and use administrative data on German establishments for the period 1999–2014. Particularly in small establishments (0–9 employees), subsidized Minijob employment comprises large shares of the work force, on average over 40%. For these establishments, robust evidence shows that increasing the subsidization of Minijob employment crowds out non-subsidized employment. Our results imply that Minijob employment in 2014 may have eliminated more than 0.5 million unsubsidized employment relationships just in small establishments. This represents an unintended and harmful consequence of the Minijob subsidy." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Minijobs in Kleinbetrieben: Sozialversicherungspflichtige Beschäftigung wird verdrängt (2021)
Zitatform
Collischon, Matthias, Kamila Cygan-Rehm & Regina T. Riphahn (2021): Minijobs in Kleinbetrieben: Sozialversicherungspflichtige Beschäftigung wird verdrängt. In: IAB-Forum H. 20.10.2021 Nürnberg, 2021-10-18.
Abstract
"Minijobs sind ein umstrittenes Instrument deutscher Arbeitsmarktpolitik. Einer aktuellen Studie zufolge verdrängen sie allein in kleinen Betrieben bis zu 500.000 sozialversicherungspflichtige Stellen. Anders als erhofft, bilden sie zudem nur selten eine Brücke in sozialversicherungspflichtige Beschäftigung." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Post-merger Restructuring of the Labor Force (2021)
Gehrke, Britta; Obernberger, Stefan; Schneider, Christoph; Maug, Ernst;Zitatform
Gehrke, Britta, Ernst Maug, Stefan Obernberger & Christoph Schneider (2021): Post-merger Restructuring of the Labor Force. (IZA discussion paper 14409), Bonn, 77 S., Anhang.
Abstract
"We study the restructuring of the labor force after mergers and acquisitions. Overall restructuring is large. Net employment of targets declines by more than half within two years after acquisitions relative to a matched sample, and is concentrated in targets that close all establishments. There is a substantial increase in employee turnover. We place our analysis within a framework in which acquirers seek growth options from targets and provide managerial capabilities to organize production more efficiently. Consistent with this framework, we show that growth and turnover are both higher for managers, and that firms become more hierarchical if they grow and if they become more diversified. Acquirers have a better-educated, better-paid, and more qualified workforce than targets, and they adapt the workforce by hiring new employees who are much younger and less expensive. Mergers create internal labor markets, which are more active if firms have more managerial capacities. However, most hiring is external, especially for managers." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku))
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Gehrke, Britta; -
Literaturhinweis
Zugewanderte haben nach einer Massenentlassung schlechtere Arbeitsmarktperspektiven als Einheimische (2021)
Illing, Hannah; Koch, Theresa;Zitatform
Illing, Hannah & Theresa Koch (2021): Zugewanderte haben nach einer Massenentlassung schlechtere Arbeitsmarktperspektiven als Einheimische. In: IAB-Forum H. 04.11.2021 Nürnberg, o. Sz., 2021-11-02.
Abstract
"Massenentlassungen haben für die Betroffenen langfristig negative Konsequenzen auf dem Arbeitsmarkt. Das betrifft sowohl die Verdienstmöglichkeiten als auch die Beschäftigungschancen. Aus verschiedenen Gründen trifft dies für Zugewanderte noch stärker zu als für Einheimische." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Who Suffers the Greatest Loss? Costs of Job Displacement for Migrants and Natives (2021)
Illing, Hannah; Koch, Theresa;Zitatform
Illing, Hannah & Theresa Koch (2021): Who Suffers the Greatest Loss? Costs of Job Displacement for Migrants and Natives. (IAB-Discussion Paper 08/2021), Nürnberg, 63 S.
Abstract
"Wir sind die ersten, die empirische Belege für Unterschiede in den individuellen Kosten des Arbeitsplatzverlustes für Migranten im Vergleich zu Einheimischen in Deutschland liefern. Unter Verwendung von verknüpften Arbeitgeber-Arbeitnehmer-Daten für den Zeitraum 1996-2017 berechnen wir die Verdienst-, Lohn- und Beschäftigungsverluste jedes entlassenen Arbeitnehmers nach einer Massenentlassung im Vergleich zu einem nicht-entlassenen Kontrollarbeiter. Wir stellen fest, dass Migranten aufgrund höherer Lohn- und Beschäftigungsverluste wesentlich höhere Einkommensverluste hinnehmen müssen als Einheimische. Unterschiede in den individuellen Merkmalen und die unterschiedliche Selektion nach Branchen und Berufen können den Unterschied bei den Lohnverlusten vollständig erklären, nicht aber die Unterschiede bei der Beschäftigung nach der Entlassung. Entlassene Migranten haben sowohl eine geringere Wahrscheinlichkeit, wieder eingestellt zu werden, als auch weniger Arbeitstage als entlassene Einheimische. In Bezug auf diverse Kanäle zeigen wir, dass i) Migranten sich in schlechtere Betriebe sortieren und ii) die etwas geringere geografische Mobilität von Migranten zwischen den Bundesländern einen Teil ihres geringeren Wiederbeschäftigungserfolgs erklären kann; iii) unsere Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass die Konkurrenz durch andere Migranten und nicht durch Einheimische negativ zu den Kosten des Arbeitsplatzverlustes von Migranten beiträgt." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Growing firm’s choice of organic vs acquisition-based modes of growth: The role of firm age, size, industry, geographical location, and macroeconomic conditions (2021)
Jeewandarage, Pubuduni Malika; Jeewandarage, Pubuduni Malika;Zitatform
Jeewandarage, Pubuduni Malika (2021): Growing firm’s choice of organic vs acquisition-based modes of growth: The role of firm age, size, industry, geographical location, and macroeconomic conditions. Kelvin Grove, 167 S.
Abstract
"... this thesis examines the question of how firms grow through the lens of growth modes: organic vs acquisition. In order to answer this research question, hypotheses were derived largely based on the Theory of the Growth of the Firm (Penrose, 1959/1995). Relatedly, five independent variables were selected as relevant in explaining the variance in organic and acquired growth mode proportions: firm age, size, industry, location, and macroeconomic conditions. The proportion of organic growth was used as the dependant variable of interest. In sum, the present research develops theoretical understanding and empirical evidence to show how two internal factors (firm age and firm size) and three external factors (industry, location, and macroeconomic condition) influence the proportion extent to which growing firms’ expansion is achieved through organic and acquisition-based growth modes, respectively." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Does initial vocational training foster innovativeness at the company level? Evidence from German establishment data (2021)
Matthies, Eike; Bizer, Kilian; Haverkamp, Katarzyna; Thomä, Jörg;Zitatform
Matthies, Eike, Katarzyna Haverkamp, Jörg Thomä & Kilian Bizer (2021): Does initial vocational training foster innovativeness at the company level? Evidence from German establishment data. (ifh working paper 2021,30), Göttingen, 21 S.
Abstract
"While an increasing number of conceptual studies postulate that vocational education and training (VET) activities have a positive impact on the innovative capacity of training companies, empirical evidence on the subject remains scarce. This study exploits establishment data from a representative survey of German companies to estimate the effects of firms' participation in initial VET on their innovation outcomes. The results based on linear probability models and instrumental variable regressions with entropy balancing show that the impact of VET activity on innovation is more ambiguous than postulated. Overall, the participation in initial VET has virtually no effect on product innovation and radical novelties. For the total population of all German companies, the positive impact of VET activities is only observable in case of process innovation. However, our results point to significant causal effects on the innovative capacities of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). We conclude that companies' participation in the VET system facilitates organizational learning in training companies and knowledge transfer from VET institutions to those enterprises, which are otherwise more likely to be detached from modern technology networks. The paper concludes with implications for policy and research." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Labor Demand in Frictional Markets (2021)
Zitatform
Popp, Martin (2021): Labor Demand in Frictional Markets. Erlangen, 281 S.
Abstract
"Die Eigenlohnelastizität der Arbeitsnachfrage beschreibt den Effekt höherer Löhne auf die Nachfrage nach Arbeit und beeinflusst u.a. die Auswirkungen von Angebotsschocks, Mindestlöhnen oder Tarifabschlüssen am Arbeitsmarkt. Theoretische und empirische Studien zeigen, dass eine Erhöhung des Lohnsatzes Betriebe dazu veranlasst, ihre Arbeitsnachfrage zu reduzieren. Die vorliegende Dissertation umfasst drei wissenschaftliche Aufsätze, die neue empirische Evidenz zur Eigenlohnelastizität der Arbeitsnachfrage enthalten. Die Analyse bezieht sich auf den deutschen Arbeitsmarkt und setzt sich schwerpunktmäßig mit der Wechselwirkung von Arbeitsnachfrage und Friktionen, d.h. Koordinations- oder Transaktionshemmnissen, die den Marktmechanismus beeinträchtigen, auseinander. Neben der Analyse der Arbeitsnachfrage tragen die geschätzten Modelle und Elastizitäten zum Verständnis des deutschen Arbeitsmarktes bei, nämlich im Hinblick auf Job-Polarisierung, Mindestlöhne und Arbeitskräftemangel." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The dynamics of wage dispersion between firms: the role of firm entry and exit (2021)
Zitatform
Schröpf, Benedikt (2021): The dynamics of wage dispersion between firms: the role of firm entry and exit. (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Lehrstuhl für Arbeitsmarkt- und Regionalpolitik. Diskussionspapiere 120), Nürnberg, 49 S.
Abstract
"Obwohl Lohnungleichheit ein bedeutendes und umfassend untersuchtes Thema ist, bleibt der Zusammenhang zwischen Firmengründungen und -schließungen und der Lohnstreuung zwischen Firmen in der Literatur weitgehend unerwähnt. Anhand einer 50%igen administrativen Zufallsstichprobe westdeutscher Betriebe im Zeitraum 1976-2017 studiere ich die Dynamik der Lohnstreuung zwischen und innerhalb neu gegründeter, schließender und etablierter Betriebe, indem ich die Verteilung der betrieblichen Durchschnittslöhne untersuche. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Ungleichheit zwischen den neu gegründeten Betrieben im Laufe der Zeit zugenommen hat, was zum Anstieg der Lohnstreuung zwischen den Betrieben beigetragen hat. Eine stärkere Schließungsdynamik bei jungen Niedriglohnbetrieben hat diesen Effekt jedoch gedämpft. Diese Ergebnisse legen nahe, die Folgen für die Lohnungleichheit bei der Gestaltung und Bewertung von politischen Maßnahmen zu Firmengründungen und -schließungen zu berücksichtigen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Beyond Windfall Gains: The Redistribution of Apprenticeship Costs and Vocational Education of Care Workers (2021)
Zitatform
Schuss, Eric (2021): Beyond Windfall Gains: The Redistribution of Apprenticeship Costs and Vocational Education of Care Workers. (Leading house working paper 176), Zürich, 42 S.
Abstract
"We estimate the causal effect exerted by substantial redistribution of care worker apprenticeship costs on the training supply of care facilities. We exploit the fact that the underlying apprenticeship levy was introduced across the German federal states at different points in time. For ambulatory care, we find a robust positive effect on the probability of hiring new apprentices and on the number of new apprentices in the short and in the longer run. For inpatient care facilities, the probability of providing apprenticeship training is not affected, but positive effects emerge in respect of the number of new apprentices in the medium run." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Finanzielle Anreize zur Ausbildung in der Altenpflege: Der Effekt der Ausbildungsumlage auf das Ausbildungsverhalten von Pflegeeinrichtungen. Version 1.0 (2021)
Schuß, Eric;Zitatform
Schuß, Eric (2021): Finanzielle Anreize zur Ausbildung in der Altenpflege. Der Effekt der Ausbildungsumlage auf das Ausbildungsverhalten von Pflegeeinrichtungen. Version 1.0. (BIBB-Preprint), Bonn, 41 S.
Abstract
"Mit dem Pflegeberufereformgesetz werden Krankenhäuser und Pflegeeinrichtungen durch auf Landesebene organisierte Fonds unabhängig davon, ob sie selbst ausbilden oder nicht, an den Kosten der Ausbildung von Pflegefachmännern und -frauen beteiligt. Dadurch soll ein positiver Anreiz zur Ausbildung aus Sicht der Pflegeeinrichtungen entstehen. Inwiefern eine derartige Ausbildungsumlage tatsächlich die Ausbildungsbereitschaft von Krankenhäusern bzw. Pflegeeinrichtungen erhöht, ist empirisch bislang jedoch nicht belegt. Hinweise können aber aus einer Untersuchung des Ausgleichsverfahrens in der Ausbildung zur Altenpflegerin/zum Altenpfleger gewonnen werden. Zwischen 2005 und 2016 wurde hier in sechs Bundesländern eine Ausbildungsumlage eingeführt. Dabei wird methodisch darauf zurückgegriffen, dass diese sechs Bundesländer die Ausbildungsumlage zu unterschiedlichen Zeitpunkten eingeführt haben. Die empirischen Ergebnisse zeigen, dass ambulante Pflegedienste ihre Ausbildungsbereitschaft unmittelbar infolge der Einführung der Ausbildungsumlage erhöhen. Heime passen ihr Ausbildungsverhalten hingegen nicht sofort an; der Anteil an Pflegeeinrichtungen, die neue Auszubildende beschäftigen, und die Anzahl neuer Auszubildender wird jedoch durch die Ausbildungsumlage auch für diese Gruppe in der mittleren Frist signifikant gesteigert." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Applying data synthesis for longitudinal business data across three countries (2020)
Zitatform
Alam, M. Jahangir, Benoit Dostie, Jörg Drechsler & Lars Vilhuber (2020): Applying data synthesis for longitudinal business data across three countries. In: Statistics in transition, Jg. 21, H. 4, S. 212-236., 2020-06-17. DOI:10.21307/stattrans-2020-039
Abstract
"Data on businesses collected by statistical agencies are challenging to protect. Many businesses have unique characteristics, and distributions of employment, sales, and profits are highly skewed. Attackers wishing to conduct identification attacks often have access to much more information than for any individual. As a consequence, most disclosure avoidance mechanisms fail to strike an acceptable balance between usefulness and confidentiality protection. Detailed aggregate statistics by geography or detailed industry classes are rare, public-use microdata on businesses are virtually inexistant, and access to confidential microdata can be burdensome. Synthetic microdata have been proposed as a secure mechanism to publish microdata, as part of a broader discussion of how to provide broader access to such data sets to researchers. In this article, we document an experiment to create analytically valid synthetic data, using the exact same model and methods previously employed for the United States, for data from two different countries: Canada (Longitudinal Employment Analysis Program (LEAP)) and Germany (Establishment History Panel (BHP)). We assess utility and protection, and provide an assessment of the feasibility of extending such an approach in a cost-effective way to other data." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Labour Market Polarisation, Job Tasks and Monopsony Power (2020)
Zitatform
Bachmann, Ronald, Gökay Demir & Hanna Frings (2020): Labour Market Polarisation, Job Tasks and Monopsony Power. (IZA discussion paper 13989), Bonn, 40 S.
Abstract
"Using a semi-structural approach based on a dynamic monopsony model, we examine to what extent workers performing different job tasks are exposed to different degrees of monopsony power, and whether these differences in monopsony power have changed over the last 30 years. We find that workers performing mostly non-routine cognitive tasks are exposed to a higher degree of monopsony power than workers performing routine or non-routine manual tasks. Job-specific human capital and non-pecuniary job characteristics are the most likely explanations for this result. We find no evidence that labour market polarisation has increased monopsony power over time." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: Ruhr Economic Papers, 890 -
Literaturhinweis
Gerade in Ostdeutschland leisten Betriebsgründungen einen wichtigen Beitrag zum Aufbau einer mittelständischen Wirtschaft (Serie "Arbeitsmärkte aus regionaler Perspektive") (2020)
Zitatform
Bellmann, Lisa, Udo Brixy & Anna D'Ambrosio (2020): Gerade in Ostdeutschland leisten Betriebsgründungen einen wichtigen Beitrag zum Aufbau einer mittelständischen Wirtschaft (Serie "Arbeitsmärkte aus regionaler Perspektive"). In: IAB-Forum H. 27.03.2020, o.Sz., 2020-03-17.
Abstract
"Neu gegründete Betriebe spielen eine wichtige Rolle für die Entstehung von Arbeitsplätzen und den wirtschaftsstrukturellen Wandel. Zudem sind Gründerinnen und Gründer in der Regel der Region, in der das neue Unternehmen entsteht, verhaftet. Betriebsgründungen sind deshalb in besonderem Maße dazu geeignet, einen tragfähigen Mittelstand aufzubauen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The Cost of Job Loss (2020)
Zitatform
Burdett, Kenneth, Carlos Carrillo-Tudela & Melvyn Coles (2020): The Cost of Job Loss. In: The Review of Economic Studies, Jg. 87, H. 4, S. 1757-1798. DOI:10.1093/restud/rdaa014
Abstract
"This article identifies an equilibrium theory of wage formation and endogenous quit turnover in a labour market with on-the-job search, where risk averse workers accumulate human capital through learning-by-doing and lose skills while unemployed. Optimal contracting implies the wage paid increases with experience and tenure. Indirect inference using German data determines the deep parameters of the model. The estimated model not only reproduces the large and persistent fall in wages and earnings following job loss, a new structural decomposition finds foregone human capital accumulation (while unemployed) is the worker's major cost of job loss." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: ISER working paper , 2015-12 -
Literaturhinweis
The Decline of the Labor Share: Markups, Markdowns or Technology? (2020)
Dolfen, Paul;Zitatform
Dolfen, Paul (2020): The Decline of the Labor Share: Markups, Markdowns or Technology? In: Dolfen, Paul (2020): The welfare Effects of macroeconomic trends in markdowns and technology, Stanford, S. 1-75.
Abstract
"I jointly quantify the impact of markups, markdowns, and technology on the decline of the German labor share. I find that markdowns have steepened significantly over the last two decades. The estimated markdown trend explains more than half of the observed decline of the German labor share. A downward trend in the production elasticity of labor, consistent with factor substitution away from labor, accounts for the remainder. I find that markups have remained stable over the last two decades. I assess the welfare consequences of the observed markdown trend using a heterogeneous firm general equilibrium model. I find that the growing markdown wedge has been associated with consumption equivalent welfare losses of 2.9%." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Wirtschaftsförderung in Zeiten von Corona: Potenzielle Nutzung und Nutzen der staatlichen Soforthilfe (Serie "Corona-Krise: Folgen für den Arbeitsmarkt") (2020)
Zitatform
Dummert, Sandra, Philipp Grunau, Dana Müller & Philipp Vom Berge (2020): Wirtschaftsförderung in Zeiten von Corona: Potenzielle Nutzung und Nutzen der staatlichen Soforthilfe (Serie "Corona-Krise: Folgen für den Arbeitsmarkt"). In: IAB-Forum H. 20.05.2020, o. Sz., 2020-05-18.
Abstract
"Die Corona-Pandemie hält Deutschland fest im Griff und wirft lange Schatten auf die Wirtschaft und den Arbeitsmarkt. Noch ist nicht abzusehen, wie lange die Pandemie andauern wird und wie stark sich deren Konsequenzen - insbesondere in Form politischer Maßnahmen zur Verlangsamung der Ausbreitung - letzten Endes auf die Wirtschaftskraft auswirken werden. Zur Abmilderung der wirtschaftlichen Folgen hat der Bund Soforthilfen in Höhe von 50 Milliarden Euro bereitgestellt. Doch wie viele Betriebe können diese Hilfe in Anspruch nehmen und wie weit reichen die bereitgestellten Mittel" (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Ownership and the multinational wage premium (2020)
Zitatform
Egger, Hartmut & Elke Jahn (2020): Ownership and the multinational wage premium. In: Applied Economics Letters, Jg. 27, H. 5, S. 422-425., 2019-05-27. DOI:10.1080/13504851.2019.1624911
Abstract
"Combining administrative data on German workers at the plant level with detailed global ownership information, we provide evidence that the multinational and hierarchical structure of networks matters for wages paid by plants. We find that both network characteristics are equally important for the wage premium paid by multinationals. Moreover, the hierarchical distance is also important for wages paid by plants in national networks." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Does working at a start-up pay off? (2020)
Zitatform
Fackler, Daniel, Lisa Hölscher, Claus Schnabel & Antje Weyh (2020): Does working at a start-up pay off? (FAU Discussion papers in economics 03/2020), Nürnberg, 31 S.
Abstract
"Mit verbundenen Arbeitgeber-Arbeitnehmer-Daten für Deutschland analysiert diese Studie kurz- und langfristige Unterschiede im Arbeitsmarkterfolg von Arbeitnehmern, die in neu gegründete statt bestehende Betriebe eintreten. Wir verwenden Entropy Balancing und folgen den Individuen in der Beobachtungs- und Kontrollgruppe über zehn Jahre. Dabei finden wir große und langanhaltende Nachteile eines Eintritts in Gründungen bezüglich Lohn, Jahresarbeitseinkommen, Beschäftigung und Arbeitslosigkeit. Diese Nachteile treffen auf alle betrachteten Arbeitnehmergruppen und Gründungstypen zu. Obwohl wir bei Betrachtung unterschiedlicher Karrierepfade einige wichtige Heterogenitäten identifizieren, zeigt sich keine Strategie, durch die in Gründungen eingetretene Arbeitnehmer zum Einkommen ähnlicher Arbeitnehmer aufschließen können, die in bestehende Unternehmen eintraten." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Weyh, Antje; -
Literaturhinweis
Dismissal Protection and Long-term Sickness Absence - First Evidence from Germany (2020)
Zitatform
Gürtzgen, Nicole & Karolin Hiesinger (2020): Dismissal Protection and Long-term Sickness Absence - First Evidence from Germany. (IAB-Discussion Paper 22/2020), Nürnberg, 62 S.
Abstract
"Dieses Papier analysiert, wie sich ein gelockerter Kündigungsschutz auf die Inzidenz von Langzeitkrankheiten (>sechs Wochen) auswirkt. Für die Identifikation von kausalen Effekten nutzen wir eine Reform des deutschen Kündigungsschutzgesetzes. Infolge dieser Reform wurde der Schwellenwert für die Betriebsgröße, der festlegt, ob ein Betrieb vom Kündigungsschutz ausgenommen ist, von fünf auf zehn Beschäftigte angehoben. Mithilfe von administrativen Daten finden wir einen signifikant negativen Reformeffekt auf Übergänge in lange krankheitsbedingte Abwesenheit im zweiten Jahr nach dem Eintritt in einen Betrieb. Diese Reaktion ist eher auf einen Verhaltens- als auf einen Kompositionseffekt zurückzuführen und wird hauptsächlich von weniger qualifizierten Arbeitnehmern getrieben. Unsere Ergebnisse deuten ferner darauf hin, dass es keinen Zusammenhang zwischen einem gelockerten Kündigungsschutz und einer erhöhten Wahrscheinlichkeit, nach langer Krankheit in unfreiwillige Arbeitslosigkeit überzugehen, gibt.." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: ZEW discussion paper, 2020-040 -
Literaturhinweis
Dismissal Protection and Long-Term Sickness Absence - First Evidence from Germany (2020)
Zitatform
Gürtzgen, Nicole & Karolin Hiesinger (2020): Dismissal Protection and Long-Term Sickness Absence - First Evidence from Germany. (ZEW discussion paper 2020-040), Mannheim, 51 S.
Abstract
"Dieses Papier analysiert, wie sich ein gelockerter Kündigungsschutz auf die Inzidenz von Langzeitkrankheiten (>sechs Wochen) auswirkt. Für die Identifikation von kausalen Effekten nutzen wir eine Reform des deutschen Kündigungsschutzgesetzes. Infolge dieser Reform wurde der Schwellenwert für die Betriebsgröße, der festlegt, ob ein Betrieb vom Kündigungsschutz ausgenommen ist, von fünf auf zehn Beschäftigte angehoben. Mithilfe von administrativen Daten finden wir einen signifikant negativen Reformeffekt auf Übergänge in lange krankheitsbedingte Abwesenheit im zweiten Jahr nach dem Eintritt in einen Betrieb. Diese Reaktion ist eher auf einen Verhaltens- als auf einen Kompositionseffekt zurückzuführen und wird hauptsächlich von weniger qualifizierten Arbeitnehmern getrieben. Unsere Ergebnisse deuten ferner darauf hin, dass es keinen Zusammenhang zwischen einem gelockerten Kündigungsschutz und einer erhöhten Wahrscheinlichkeit, nach langer Krankheit in unfreiwillige Arbeitslosigkeit überzugehen, gibt." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: IAB-Discussion Paper, 22/2020 -
Literaturhinweis
Exporting and employment volatility for different worker groups (2020)
Hauptmann, Andreas;Zitatform
Hauptmann, Andreas (2020): Exporting and employment volatility for different worker groups. In: Applied Economics Letters, Jg. 27, H. 16, S. 1301-1304., 2019-09-26. DOI:10.1080/13504851.2019.1677845
Abstract
"This paper investigates the volatility of employment growth for different types of workers in exporting establishments. I document a robust negative relationship for full-time workers and various skill, education and age groups. I find no differences for part-time or foreign workers, suggesting that existing differences in employment stability for those groups are amplified in exporting plants." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Hauptmann, Andreas; -
Literaturhinweis
German plant closure and the China shock (2020)
Hauptmann, Andreas; Schmerer, Hans-Jörg;Zitatform
Hauptmann, Andreas & Hans-Jörg Schmerer (2020): German plant closure and the China shock. In: Applied Economics Letters, Jg. 27, H. 19, S. 1617-1621., 2019-12-06. DOI:10.1080/13504851.2019.1707759
Abstract
"This paper explores administrative plant data from Germany to study the role of import competition for plant closure. The data used in this study allow inferring a precise measure of plant closure by assessing co-worker movements across plants and time. Chinese imports can be associated with a higher propensity of the plant closure. We present a comparison between results based on a more common plant exit variable with regression outcomes that fit the model to the more precise plant closure information. The sign of the effect is independent of the choice of the outcome variable but the magnitude of the effect changes considerably. Moreover, we find that the effect is non-linear as newly established plants are better prepared for the import shock compared to older establishments." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Do neighbors help finding a job?: social networks and labor market outcomes after plant closures (2020)
Zitatform
Jahn, Elke & Michael Neugart (2020): Do neighbors help finding a job? Social networks and labor market outcomes after plant closures. In: Labour Economics, Jg. 65, S. 1-15., 2020-04-01. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2020.101825
Abstract
"Social networks may affect workers’ labor market outcomes. Using rich spatial data from administrative records, we analyze whether the employment status of neighbors influences the employment probability of a worker who lost his job due to a plant closure and the channels through which this occurs. Our findings suggest that a ten percentage point higher neighborhood employment rate increases the probability of having a job six months after displacement by 0.9 percentage points. The neighborhood effect seems to be driven not by social norms but by information transmission at the neighborhood level, and additionally by networks of former co-workers who also lost their jobs due to plant closure." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Hessischer Lohnatlas: Aktualisierung 2020 - Bezugsjahr 2018 (2020)
Larsen, Christa; Funke, Philipp; Börner-Krekel, Julia;Zitatform
Larsen, Christa, Julia Börner-Krekel & Philipp Funke (2020): Hessischer Lohnatlas. Aktualisierung 2020 - Bezugsjahr 2018. Wiesbaden, 499 S.
Abstract
"Um die Entgeltgleichheit zwischen Frauen und Männern gezielt und nachhaltig zu fördern, bedarf es einer hohen Transparenz, so dass passgenau Aktivitäten initiiert werden können. Die Neuauflage des Hessischen Lohnatlas knüpft an die Analysen von Entgeltdaten der Wohnbevölkerung zum Stand 2015 an (erstmals im Jahr 2017 vorgestellt) und zeigt transparent auf, wie sich die Lohnlücken bis zum Jahr 2018 verändert haben. Bei diesen Analysen finden ausschließlich sozialversicherungspflichtige Vollzeitbeschäftigte Berücksichtigung. Die Teilzeitbeschäftigten können in den Analysen nicht einbezogen werden, da keine Informationen zum Stundenumfang ihrer Teilzeitbeschäftigung vorliegen und damit nicht erfasst werden kann, in welchem Maße Entgeltunterschiede auch durch unterschiedliche Stundenzahlen zustande kommen. Zum Erfassen der Bruttomonatsentgelte wird auf öffentliche Daten (vor allem Stichtagsdaten 31.12.) zurückgegriffen, die vom Statistikservice Südwest der Regionaldirektion Hessen der Bundesagentur für Arbeit und dem Hessischen Statistischen Landesamt stammen. Bei diesen Daten handelt es sich um sogenannte Populationsdaten. Dies bedeutet, dass alle Einwohner*innen der Kreise und kreisfreien Städte in Hessen, zu denen entsprechende Entgeltdaten vorliegen, in den Analysen einbezogen werden. Die Analysen werden für Hessen sowie für jeden Kreis und jede kreisfreie Stadt durchgeführt. Damit können auf allen Ebenen noch bestehende Entgeltunterschiede zwischen Frauen und Männern in der jeweiligen Wohnbevölkerung erfasst werden. Die damit geschaffene Transparenz schafft eine wichtige Grundlage zum Diskurs über Ansätze, die die Förderung der Entgeltgleichheit im Land, aber auch vor Ort in den Regionen begünstigen können. Mit der Neuauflage des Hessischen Lohnatlas wird darüber hinaus erstmals die Entgeltlage von Frauen und Männern in den Betrieben vor Ort, also in den Kreisen und kreisfreien Städten, erfasst. Damit werden Aussagen zur Lage der Entgeltgleichheit in der lokalen Wirtschaft möglich. Mit dem Fokus auf die Betriebe vor Ort, sind auch jene Beschäftigte einbezogen, die täglich in den Kreis oder die kreisfreie Stadt zur Erwerbsarbeit einpendeln. Berücksichtigung findet hier, wie bereits oben ausgeführt, ausschließlich die Entgeltlage der in den Betrieben in sozialversicherungspflichtiger Vollzeit Beschäftigten. Basis der Analysen bilden Daten zu den durchschnittlichen Tagesbruttoentgelten im Jahr 2017 aus verschiedenen Stichproben, die durch das Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB) zur Verfügung gestellt wurden. Anders als bei den obigen Populationsdaten können die Befunde aus der Analyse der Stichproben nicht einfach verallgemeinert werden. Die Ergebnisse sind als Trends zu interpretieren. Von besonderem Interesse ist bei diesen Analysen, in welchem Maße sich Merkmale wie beispielsweise die Betriebsgröße, die Geschlechterzusammensetzung der sozialversicherungspflichtig Beschäftigten in den Betrieben oder die Branchenzugehörigkeit der Betriebe auf die Entgeltlücken zwischen Frauen und Männern auswirken können. Die mit diesen Analysen erzeugte Transparenz kann insbesondere den Akteuren der Wirtschaft deutlich machen, wo noch Handlungsbedarfe liegen, um die Entgeltgleichheit von Frauen und Männern in den Betrieben des Landes zu verbessern. Im Folgenden erfolgt zunächst die Darstellung aller Befunde auf der Ebene des Landes Hessen. Im Anschluss wird für jeden Kreis und jede kreisfreie Stadt ein Dossier vorgelegt. Damit lassen sich Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten zwischen den Kreisen und den kreisfreien Städten sowohl hinsichtlich der Entgeltlage der Wohnbevölkerung als auch in Bezug auf die Entgeltlage in den Betrieben vor Ort erfassen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Spatial sorting of innovative firms and heterogeneous effects of agglomeration on innovation in Germany (2020)
Zitatform
Niebuhr, Annekatrin, Jan Cornelius Peters & Alex Schmidke (2020): Spatial sorting of innovative firms and heterogeneous effects of agglomeration on innovation in Germany. In: The journal of technology transfer, Jg. 45, H. 5, S. 1343-1375., 2019-10-07. DOI:10.1007/s10961-019-09755-8
Abstract
"We examine the effects of agglomeration, differentiating between urbanization and localization economies, on four distinct types of innovation in manufacturing and services. Furthermore, estimating multilevel panel regression models, we investigate the sorting of highly innovative firms into dense urban and/or specialized regions by considering both observable and unobservable firm characteristics. The results indicate that spatial sorting is important. A large portion of the regional differences in firm innovation rates is due to firm characteristics. Estimates that ignore unobserved heterogeneity at the firm level still point to a positive and significant impact of localization economies on different types of innovation. However, once we include firm fixed effects and distinguish between manufacturing and services, only some weak indication for positive effects of localization on radical innovations of manufacturing firms remains. In addition, the probability to adopt an existing product by an manufacturing firm seems to be positively influenced by urbanization economies. For the service sector, in contrast, we find adverse effects of localization on different kinds of innovation and no important effect of urbanization." (Author's abstract, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Missing growth measurement in Germany (2020)
Schreiber, Sven; Schmidt, Vanessa;Zitatform
Schreiber, Sven & Vanessa Schmidt (2020): Missing growth measurement in Germany. (Beiträge zur Jahrestagung des Vereins für Socialpolitik 2020: Gender Economics), Kiel, 26 S.
Abstract
"Using detailed establishment-level micro data, this paper analyzes the quantitative implications of the missing-growth hypothesis by Aghion, Bergeaud, Boppart, Klenow, and Li (2019) for Germany. This hypothesis states that actual growth rates of real output are systematically understated by official estimates, such that a part of real growth is missing in the published data. The underlying effect rests on overstated inflation estimates due to imputed prices for disappearing goods and services varieties, which is indirectly measured by plant entry and exit dynamics. Using different market share proxies our main results regarding understated real output growth lie in the range of 0:39 to 0:54 percentage points per year on average for the benchmark sample 1998-2016. These are quite closely in line with existing findings for France, the USA, and Japan (in different periods). We provide additional robustness analysis and discuss limitations of the approach." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
später (möglw. abweichend) erschienen in: German Economic Review -
Literaturhinweis
Dissonant works councils and establishment survivability (2019)
Zitatform
Addison, John T., Paulino Teixeira, Philipp Grunau & Lutz Bellmann (2019): Dissonant works councils and establishment survivability. (IZA discussion paper 12438), Bonn, 29 S.
Abstract
"Using subjective information provided by manager respondents on the stance taken by the works council in company decision making, this paper investigates the association between a measure of works council dissonance or disaffection and plant closings in Germany, 2006-2015. The potential effects of worker representation on plant survivability have been little examined in the firm performance literature because of inadequate information on plant closings on the one hand and having to assume homogeneity of what are undoubtedly heterogeneous worker representation agencies on the other. Our use of two datasets serves to identify failed establishments, while the critical issue of heterogeneity is tackled via manager perceptions of works council disaffection or otherwise. The heterogeneity issue is also addressed by considering the wider collective bargaining framework within which works councils are embedded, and also by allowing for works council learning. It is reported that works council dissonance is positively associated with plant closings, although this association is not found for establishments that are covered by sectoral agreements. Taken in conjunction, both findings are consistent with the literature on the mitigation of rent seeking behavior. Less consistent with the recent empirical literature, however, is the association between plant closings and dissonance over time, that is, from the point at which works council dissonance is first observed. Although the coefficient estimate for dissonance is declining with the length of the observation window, it remains stubbornly positive and highly statistically significant. Finally, there is evidence that establishments with dissonant works councils are associated with a much higher probability of transitioning from no collective bargaining to sectoral bargaining coverage over the sample period than their counterparts with more consensual works councils." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: CESifo working paper , 7722 -
Literaturhinweis
Dissonant works councils and establishment survivability (2019)
Zitatform
Addison, John T., Paulino Teixeira, Philipp Grunau & Lutz Bellmann (2019): Dissonant works councils and establishment survivability. (CESifo working paper 7722), München, 28 S.
Abstract
"Using subjective information provided by manager respondents on the stance taken by the works council in company decision making, this paper investigates the association between a measure of works council dissonance or disaffection and plant closings in Germany, 2006-2015. The potential effects of worker representation on plant survivability have been little examined in the firm performance literature because of inadequate information on plant closings on the one hand and having to assume homogeneity of what are undoubtedly heterogeneous worker representation agencies on the other. Our use of two datasets serves to identify failed establishments, while the critical issue of heterogeneity is tackled via manager perceptions of works council disaffection or otherwise. The heterogeneity issue is also addressed by considering the wider collective bargaining framework within which works councils are embedded, and also by allowing for works council learning. It is reported that works council dissonance is positively associated with plant closings, although this association is not found for establishments that are covered by sectoral agreements. Taken in conjunction, both findings are consistent with the literature on the mitigation of rent seeking behavior. Less consistent with the recent empirical literature, however, is the association between plant closings and dissonance over time, that is, from the point at which works council dissonance is first observed. Although the coefficient estimate for dissonance is declining with the length of the observation window, it remains stubbornly positive and highly statistically significant. Finally, there is evidence that establishments with dissonant works councils are associated with a much higher probability of transitioning from no collective bargaining to sectoral bargaining coverage over the sample period than their counterparts with more consensual works councils." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: IZA discussion paper , 12438 -
Literaturhinweis
Occupational routine-intensity and the costs of job loss: evidence from mass layoffs (2019)
Zitatform
Blien, Uwe, Wolfgang Dauth & Duncan Roth (2019): Occupational routine-intensity and the costs of job loss. Evidence from mass layoffs. (IAB-Discussion Paper 25/2019), Nürnberg, 45 S.
Abstract
"In diesem Papier wird untersucht, inwieweit sich die Kosten eines Jobverlusts für Personen unterscheiden, die ursprünglich in Berufen tätig waren, die einen unterschiedlichen Grad an Routineintensität aufweisen. Für die empirische Untersuchung verwenden wir Daten zu Massenentlassungen in Deutschland, die zwischen 1980 und 2010 stattgefunden haben. Diese Datengrundlage erlaubt es uns, den kausalen Effekt von Routineintensität auf die Auswirkungen zu schätzen, die ein Jobverlust auf das Einkommen von Personen hat. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass ein solcher Jobverlust größere und länger anhaltende negative Einkommenseffekte für Personen aus routineintensiveren Berufen nach sich zieht. In den ersten Monaten nach der Massenentlassung lassen sich diese Effekte mehrheitlich darauf zurückführen, dass die Beschäftigungsdauer von Personen aus routineintensiveren Berufen stärker abnimmt, was auf größere Friktionen bei der Suche nach neuer Beschäftigung für diese Personengruppe hindeutet. Wenn eine neue Beschäftigung aufgenommen wird, ist diese bei ursprünglich in routineintensiven Berufen tätigen Personen häufiger in einem anderen Beruf als dem ursprungsberuf vor der Massenentlassung. Darüber hinaus liegt die Entlohnung systematisch unterhalb des berufsspezifischen Durchschnittslohns." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The impact of innovation and innovation subsidies on economic development in German regions (2019)
Zitatform
Cantner, Uwe, Eva Dettmann, Alexander Giebler, Jutta Guenther & Maria Kristalova (2019): The impact of innovation and innovation subsidies on economic development in German regions. In: Regional Studies. Journal of the Regional Studies Association, Jg. 53, H. 9, S. 1284-1295. DOI:10.1080/00343404.2019.1639656
Abstract
"Public innovation subsidies in a regional environment are expected to unfold a positive economic impact over time. The focus of this paper is on an assessment of the long-run impact of innovation and innovation subsidies in German regions. This is scrutinized by an estimation approach combining panel model and time-series characteristics and using regional data for the years 1980 - 2014. The results show that innovation and innovation subsidies in the long run have a positive impact on the economic development of regions in Germany. This supports a long-term strategy for regional and innovation policy." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologiestandort München 2019: ifo-Studie im Auftrag der IHK und des RAW (2019)
Czernich, Nina; Candel-Haug, Katharina;Zitatform
Czernich, Nina & Katharina Candel-Haug (2019): Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologiestandort München 2019. Ifo-Studie im Auftrag der IHK und des RAW. (Impulse für die Wirtschaftspolitik), München, 59 S.
Abstract
"Der IKT-Sektor ist mittlerweile ein zentraler Baustein im wirtschaftlichen Gefüge und seine Verflechtung in fast alle anderen Branchen hinein zeigt sich in München besonders deutlich. Er umfasst die IKT-Produktion, den IKT-Großhandel sowie die IKT-Dienstleistungen." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
Kurzfassung -
Literaturhinweis
Employment trajectories in heterogeneous regions: Evidence from Germany (2019)
Zitatform
Dütsch, Matthias, Franziska Ganesch & Olaf Struck (2019): Employment trajectories in heterogeneous regions. Evidence from Germany. In: Advances in life course research, Jg. 40, H. March, S. 43-84. DOI:10.1016/j.alcr.2019.03.002
Abstract
"To what extent do regional characteristics influence employment trajectories? Do regional factors diversely affect the employment careers of different sociodemographic groups? By investigating these questions, we extend current life course research in two ways: First, from a conceptual perspective, we use approaches from regional economics in addition to established sociological labour market theories to gain insights into the effects of regional determinants on individual labour market outcomes. Second, from a methodological point of view, we conduct event history analyses based on a German dataset that contains information on individuals, firms and regions. Our results show that there are considerable regional heterogeneities regarding population density and the amount of human capital endowment, both of which influence working careers differently. Regional agglomeration predominantly offers opportunities in terms of employment trajectories, while regional human capital accumulation increases employment risks. Additionally, our findings indicate that group-specific inequalities with respect to employment careers can be weakened or even strengthened by regional frame conditions. Female and foreign employees benefit most from denser regions and from a higher human capital endowment. By contrast, the unemployment risks of workers who previously experienced unemployment periods during their working lives are increased by both of these regional characteristics. Findings regarding education level are mixed: Workers with occupational qualifications profit from regional agglomeration to a greater extent than do low or even generally qualified workers. However, a high local human capital endowment leads to skill segregation between vocationally trained and highly qualified employees." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Do start-ups provide employment opportunities for disadvantaged workers? (2019)
Zitatform
Fackler, Daniel, Michaela Fuchs, Lisa Hölscher & Claus Schnabel (2019): Do start-ups provide employment opportunities for disadvantaged workers? In: ILR review, Jg. 72, H. 5, S. 1123-1148., 2018-09-03. DOI:10.1177/0019793918814476
Abstract
"This article compares the hiring patterns of start-ups and incumbent firms to analyze whether start-ups offer relatively more job opportunities to disadvantaged workers. Using administrative linked employer - employee data for Germany that provide the complete employment biographies of newly hired workers, the authors show that young firms are more likely than incumbents to hire applicants who are older, foreign, or unemployed, or who have unstable employment histories, arrive from outside the labor force, or were affected by a plant closure. Analysis of entry wages shows that penalties for these disadvantaged workers, however, are higher in start-ups than in incumbent firms. Therefore, even if start-ups provide employment opportunities for certain groups of disadvantaged workers, the quality of these jobs in terms of initial remuneration appears to be low." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Establishment closures in Germany: The motherhood penalty at job search durations (2019)
Frodermann, Corinna; Müller, Dana;Zitatform
Frodermann, Corinna & Dana Müller (2019): Establishment closures in Germany: The motherhood penalty at job search durations. In: European Sociological Review, Jg. 35, H. 6, S. 845-859., 2019-05-13. DOI:10.1093/esr/jcz043
Abstract
"This study contributes to the research on motherhood penalties by investigating based on German longitudinal register data whether mothers take longer to search for a job than childless women. We develop a unique research design to test the theory of statistical discrimination as well as the theory of status-based discrimination. We use establishment closures as a starting point that creates equal conditions for all previously employed women. Following a subsequent coarsened exact matching approach, we investigate the job search length of almost 3,000 comparable full-time working childless women and mothers from almost 700 establishments by applying event history techniques. Even after extensive robustness checks that back up the main findings, we can show that mothers have lower transition rates to re-employment than childless women. When including additional information, such as higher age of the youngest child or shorter parental leave durations, both of which serve as indicators of higher labour market attachment, we find reduced differences and buffering effects on the motherhood penalty." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Strukturwandel am Arbeitsmarkt seit den 70er Jahren: Arbeitsplatzverluste werden durch neue Arbeitsplätze immer wieder ausgeglichen (2019)
Zitatform
Gartner, Hermann & Heiko Stüber (2019): Strukturwandel am Arbeitsmarkt seit den 70er Jahren: Arbeitsplatzverluste werden durch neue Arbeitsplätze immer wieder ausgeglichen. (IAB-Kurzbericht 13/2019), Nürnberg, 8 S.
Abstract
"In der öffentlichen Debatte um die zunehmende Digitalisierung wird häufig befürchtet, dass viele Arbeitsplätze wegfallen und menschliche Arbeit teilweise überflüssig werden würde. In dem Kurzbericht werden die Umbrüche am Arbeitsmarkt seit den 1970er Jahren untersucht. Die Autoren zeigen, dass zwar im Zuge der technologischen Entwicklung schon immer Arbeitsplätze verschwunden sind, dass aber gleichzeitig auch immer neue Arbeitsplätze entstehen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
- Entstehung und Abbau von Arbeitsplätzen nach Sektoren
- Zusammenhang zwischen Digitalisierungsnähe und Arbeitsplatzumschlag sowie Digitalisierungsnähe und Austritten in Arbeitslosigkeit nach Sektoren
- Entstehung und Abbau von Arbeitsplätzen nach Qualifikationsniveau
- Entstehung und Abbau von Arbeitsplätzen 1976 bis 2017
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Literaturhinweis
Worker turnover in German exporting establishments (2019)
Hauptmann, Andreas;Zitatform
Hauptmann, Andreas (2019): Worker turnover in German exporting establishments. In: Economics Bulletin, Jg. 39, H. 2, S. 1266-1271., 2019-05-27.
Abstract
"Dieses Papier untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen Arbeitnehmerströmen und dem Exportstatus auf Betriebsebene. Anhand eines großen Panels deutscher Betriebe zwischen 2000 und 2017 dokumentiere ich, dass Exporteure sich durch geringere Fluktuationsraten auszeichnen. Diese Ergebnisse sind besonders ausgeprägt in großen Exportbetrieben. Darüber hinaus werden die Ergebnisse insbesondere durch niedrige Abgangsraten bestimmt, was auf eine höhere Beschäftigungsstabilität in exportierenden Betrieben hindeutet." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Hauptmann, Andreas; -
Literaturhinweis
The urban wage premium in imperfect labour markets (2019)
Zitatform
Hirsch, Boris, Elke Jahn, Alan Manning & Michael Oberfichtner (2019): The urban wage premium in imperfect labour markets. (CEP discussion paper 1608), London, 43 S.
Abstract
"Using administrative data for West Germany, this paper investigates whether part of the urban wage premium stems from fierce competition in thick labour markets. We first establish that employers possess less wage-setting power in denser markets. Local differences in wage-setting power predict 1.8-2.1% higher wages from a 100 log points increase in population density. We further document that the observed urban wage premium from such an increase drops by 1.5-1.9pp once conditioning on local search frictions. Our results therefore suggest that a substantial part of the urban wage premium roots in differential imperfections across local labour markets." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The urban wage premium in imperfect labour markets (2019)
Zitatform
Hirsch, Boris, Elke Jahn, Alan Manning & Michael Oberfichtner (2019): The urban wage premium in imperfect labour markets. (IAB-Discussion Paper 21/2019), Nürnberg, 35 S.
Abstract
"Mit administrativen verknüpften Betriebs-Beschäftigtendaten für Westdeutschland untersucht dieser Studie, ob ein Teil des Urban Wage Premiums durch ausgeprägteren Wettbewerb auf dichteren Arbeitsmärkten erklärt werden kann. Wir zeigen zunächst, dass die Lohnsetzungsmacht der Arbeitgeber in dichteren Arbeitsmärkten weniger ausgeprägt ist. Diese Unterschiede lassen eine Lohnprämie von 1,8 bis 2,1 Prozent bei einem Anstieg der Bevölkerungsdichte um 100 Log-Punkte erwarten. Anschließend zeigen wir, dass die geschätzte Lohnprämie bei Kontrolle für unbeobachtete, zeitkonstante Personenheterogenität um 1,5 bis 1,9 Prozentpunkte fällt, wenn wir auf die regionalen Suchfriktionen bedingen. Unsere Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass ein wesentlicher Teil des Urban Wage Premiums auf geringere Friktionen in dichteren Arbeitsmärkten zurückzuführen ist." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The greening of jobs: Empirical studies on the relationship between environmental sustainability and the labor market (2019)
Zitatform
Janser, Markus (2019): The greening of jobs: Empirical studies on the relationship between environmental sustainability and the labor market. Bamberg, 213 S. DOI:10.20378/irbo-54822
Abstract
"Bereits seit den 1970er Jahren wird in der Forschung diskutiert, inwiefern Umweltschutz mit negativen oder positiven Arbeitsmarktergebnissen verbunden ist. In den betreffenden Studien werden jedoch bislang meist nur aggregierte Daten herangezogen. Es gibt nur wenige bis keine Erkenntnisse aus Mikrodaten der Arbeitsmarktverwaltung. Die vorliegende Dissertation stellt drei verschiedene Ansätze zur Lösung dieses Problems vor. Basierend auf innovativ verknüpften Datenquellen und ökonometrischen Methoden präsentiert sie neue Erkenntnisse zum Verhältnis von ökologischer Nachhaltigkeit und Arbeitsmarkt in Deutschland. Die Arbeit enthält miteinander verwandte, aber in sich eigenständige Aufsätze: einen Rahmenaufsatz inklusive ausführlichem Literaturüberblick, gefolgt von vier empirischen Studien. In der ersten Studie werden branchenspezifische Lohnunterschiede in Wertschöpfungsketten der erneuerbaren Energien untersucht, während in der zweiten die Rolle von Innovation und Agglomeration für das Beschäftigungswachstum im Umweltschutzsektor analysiert wird. Die Aufsätze drei und vier behandeln den beruflichen Wandel im Sinne eines "Greening of Jobs". Dabei wird ein neuer Indikator "Greenness-of-Jobs Index (GOJI)" vorgestellt sowie dessen Beziehungen zu Beschäftigungs- und Lohnwachstum analysiert. Die angewendeten Datenstrategien demonstrieren dabei ihren Nutzen für die Beantwortung empirischer Fragestellungen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Wirtschaftliche Bedeutung industrieorientierter Dienstleistungen in Nordrhein-Westfalen: Studie im Auftrag des Ministeriums für Wirtschaft, Innovation, Digitalisierung und Energie des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen (2019)
Koch, Andreas; Schlenker, Rike; Reiner, Marcel; Többen, Johannes R.; Wochner, Timo; Dorn, Ida; Lerch, Christian; McAuliffe, Sean; Kronenberg, Tobias; Weidner, Nadia; Ludwig, Max; Jäger, Angela;Zitatform
Koch, Andreas, Angela Jäger, Tobias Kronenberg, Christian Lerch, Marcel Reiner, Johannes R. Többen & Nadia Weidner (2019): Wirtschaftliche Bedeutung industrieorientierter Dienstleistungen in Nordrhein-Westfalen. Studie im Auftrag des Ministeriums für Wirtschaft, Innovation, Digitalisierung und Energie des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen. Tübingen, 168 S.
Abstract
"In der vorliegenden Studie wird die Bedeutung der industrieorientierten und der industriellen Dienstleistungen in Nordrhein-Westfalen untersucht. Ausgehend von dem kontinuierlichen Bedeutungsverlust der Industrie zwischen Rhein und Ruhr in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten stellt sich die Frage, welche Rolle Industrie und Dienstleistungen und insbesondere deren Schnittstellen in diesem strukturellen Wandel spielen. Im Fokus stehen damit einerseits die sogenannten industrieorientierten Dienstleistungen (Dienstleistungen für die Industrie) und andererseits die industriellen Dienstleistungen (Dienstleistungen aus der Industrie). Auch in Nordrhein-Westfalen konnten diese Wirtschaftsbereiche in den vergangenen Jahren deutliche Zuwächse verzeichnen. Wichtige Gründe dafür sind die wachsende (internationale) Arbeitsteilung mit einer zunehmenden Aufspaltung und Internationalisierung von Wertschöpfungsketten, in die auch nordrhein-westfälische Unternehmen eingebunden sind, sowie – eng damit verbunden – die technologische Entwicklung im Bereich Information und Kommunikation und dabei insbesondere die Digitalisierung, die gleichzeitig Ursache, Treiber und Wirkung der strukturellen Veränderungen ist. Für Nordrhein-Westfalen, das sich traditionell als Industrieland versteht, stellt sich die Frage, welche Rolle die Entwicklungen an der Schnittstelle von Industrie und Dienstleistungen für die wirtschaftliche Dynamik und eine erfolgreiche Entwicklung des Landes spielen: Welche wirtschaftliche Bedeutung, Dynamik und Perspektiven hat der Bereich der industrieorientierten Dienstleistungen (IODL) zwischen Rhein und Ruhr? Welche konkreten Austauschbeziehungen gibt es zwischen diesen Bereichen des Dienstleistungssektors und der Industrie? Welche Rolle spielt dabei die heimische Industrie, welche Rolle spielen Vorleistungs- und Lieferverflechtungen außerhalb des Bundeslandes? Wie hat sich die Industrie selbst verändert? Welche Bedeutung haben Dienstleistungstätigkeiten, Dienstleistungen und hybride Wertschöpfung innerhalb der Industrie? Vor welchen konkreten Herausforderungen stehen die Unternehmen in Nordrhein-Westfalen? Welche Perspektiven gibt es für die Wirtschaft im Land? Die vorliegende Studie geht diesen Fragen auf der Basis eines multiperspektivischen Forschungsdesigns nach, das unterschiedliche Datenquellen und Methoden nutzt. Die Studie besteht aus fünf Teilen, welche der Vielschichtigkeit des Untersuchungsgegenstandes und den oben formulierten Fragen Rechnung tragen. Die zentralen Ausgangspunkte und Ergebnisse werden im Folgenden kurz zusammengefasst." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Essays on credit constraints, international trade and local government budgets (2019)
Kunert, Sebastian; Egger, Peter; Seidel, Tobias;Zitatform
Kunert, Sebastian, Peter Egger & Tobias Seidel (2019): Essays on credit constraints, international trade and local government budgets. Essen, 114 S. DOI:10.17185/duepublico/70281
Abstract
"In this thesis, I analyze the consequences of financial frictions due to asymmetric information in the open economy. In a collection of three essays, I examine the effects of credit constraints on (i) firms' markups, (ii) inter-group inequality of profit-wage income, and (iii) intra-group inequality of wage income. The fourth essay, in contrast, is not concerned with credit constraints in open economies but empirically analyzes the trade exposure effects on income and spending of German municipalities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Vocational education, occupational choice and unemployment over the professional career (2019)
Schmillen, Achim;Zitatform
Schmillen, Achim (2019): Vocational education, occupational choice and unemployment over the professional career. In: Empirical economics, Jg. 57, H. 3, S. 805-838. DOI:10.1007/s00181-018-1484-x
Abstract
"This study investigates the relationship between occupational choice and unemployment over the professional career with German administrative linked employer - employee data that track more than 800,000 graduates from vocational education over 25 years. Using short-run fluctuations in local and sectoral occupation-specific labor demand as instruments, it finds that choosing an occupation that later turns out to suffer from low or negative employment growth has a statistically and economically significant impact on unemployment over the professional career. On average, an unanticipated one-standard deviation decrease in occupation-specific employment growth raises unemployment by about 116 days over the life cycle." (Author's abstract, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The productivity effects of worker mobility between heterogeneous firms (2019)
Zitatform
Stockinger, Bastian & Katja Wolf (2019): The productivity effects of worker mobility between heterogeneous firms. In: German economic review, Jg. 20, H. 4, S. e492-e522., 2018-07-16. DOI:10.1111/geer.12175
Abstract
"We analyze the effect of worker inflows on establishments' productivity, using German data. Previous studies for other countries have found positive effects of hiring workers from superior (more productive or higher paying) firms. Ranking establishments by their median wage, we find that inflows from inferior establishments seem to increase hiring establishments' productivity. Further empirical analyses suggest our findings are due to a positive selection of such inflows from their sending establishments. These workers might have to find a better job match in order to advance their careers, an interpretation supported by the finding that the effect is driven by workers with short tenure at their previous employer. Our findings reflect the increasingly assortative pattern of worker mobility in Germany found in a related strand of literature." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Wolf, Katja;Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: IAB-Discussion Paper , 07/2016 -
Literaturhinweis
Broadband internet availability and establishments' employment growth in Germany: evidence from instrumental variables estimations (2019)
Zitatform
Stockinger, Bastian (2019): Broadband internet availability and establishments' employment growth in Germany. Evidence from instrumental variables estimations. In: Journal for labour market research, Jg. 53, H. 1, S. 1-23., 2019-05-03. DOI:10.1186/s12651-019-0257-0
Abstract
"This study investigates the effect of broadband internet availability on German establishments' employment growth. The database used is a random sample of business establishments, augmented by the local availability of broadband. The observation period is 2005 - 2010, when broadband was introduced in rural regions of Western Germany and in large parts of Eastern Germany. For the Western German subsample, technical frictions in broadband rollout are exploited to obtain exogenous variation in broadband availability. The findings indicate a negative (albeit not very robust) employment growth effect of broadband availability for Western German manufacturers, and a robustly positive effect for Western German service establishments, including most knowledge-intensive industries. For Eastern Germany, a similar identification strategy is potentially available, but turns out invalid in this particular setting. An alternative identification approach (a long difference model) indicates positive employment growth effects in both sectors for Eastern Germany. Overall, the findings suggest that broadband expansion has helped create jobs in firms which use broadband intensely." (Author's abstract, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Soziale Auswirkungen von Arbeit 4.0 auf Frauen und die Geschlechtergerechtigkeit: Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten und der Fraktion DIE LINKE (Drucksache 19/7204) (2019)
Zitatform
Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales (2019): Soziale Auswirkungen von Arbeit 4.0 auf Frauen und die Geschlechtergerechtigkeit. Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten und der Fraktion DIE LINKE (Drucksache 19/7204). (Verhandlungen des Deutschen Bundestages. Drucksachen 19/7925 (20.02.2019)), 105 S.
Abstract
Die kleine Anfrage zu den sozialen Auswirkungen von Arbeit 4.0 auf Frauen und die Geschlechtergerechtigkeit betrifft zunächst Unterschiede des Umfangs der Wochenarbeitszeiten, der Arbeitszeitgestaltung, des durchschnittlichen Arbeitsbruttoeinkommens von Frauen und Männern sowie die zunehmende Erwerbsbeteiligung von Frauen durch die Übernahme von Haus- und Sorgearbeit durch Migrantinnen aus Osteuropa. Wo möglich, werden zur Beantwortung Daten des Betriebs-Historik-Panels 1975 bis 2017 (BHP) genutzt, zur Darstellung der durchschnittlichen wöchentlichen Arbeitszeiten Daten des Statistischen Bundesamtes auf Basis des Mikrozensus herangezogen. Fragen nach berufsqualifizierenden Maßnahme der Bundesagentur für Arbeit bzw. der Jobcenter (ab 2005) werden mithilfe der Förderstatistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit beantwortet. Bei den Fragen nach Branchen, Berufen bzw. Tätigkeitsfeldern, die besonders durch die Digitalisierung profitieren, wird auf die im Rahmen der BIBB-IAB-Qualifikations- und Berufsfeldprojektionen ('QuBe-Projekt', www.qube-projekt. de) gerechneten Wirtschaft 4.0-Szenarien verwiesen. Bezogen auf die Umsätze zeigt das Wirtschaft 4.0-Szenario, dass von der Digitalisierung vor allem die Branchen IT- und Informationsdienstleister, Herstellung von Kraftwagen und Kraftwagenteilen, Grundstücks- und Wohnungswesen, Herstellung von DV-Geräten, elektronischen und optischen Erzeugnissen sowie Einzelhandel (ohne Handel mit Kfz) profitieren werden. Auf mehrere Fragen nach geschlechtsspezifischer Verteilung kann wegen der Datenlage nicht geantwortet werden, bei Fragen nach Clickworking, Crowdsourcing etc. wird auf Antworten auf frühere Anfragen und die entsprechenden Bundestagsdrucksachen verwiesen. (IAB)
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Literaturhinweis
The impact of a culturally diverse workforce on firms' revenues and productivity: an empirical investigation on Germany (2018)
Zitatform
Brunow, Stephan & Peter Nijkamp (2018): The impact of a culturally diverse workforce on firms' revenues and productivity. An empirical investigation on Germany. In: International Regional Science Review, Jg. 41, H. 1, S. 62-85., 2016-01-27. DOI:10.1177/0160017616642820
Abstract
"There is evidence from the literature that firms enjoy higher productivity levels, when the workforce employed is culturally more diverse. It is an open question whether this gain is utilized to shift the supply curve and set lower prices in order to achieve a higher demand and possibly higher revenues. This knowledge gap is not addressed in the existing literature and forms the departure of our research. We introduce a reduced-form model, inspired by the study of Melitz and Ottaviano on heterogeneous firms, and add labor productivity by using the approach of Ottaviano and Peri on cultural diversity. In our empirical study, we employ German data, while the field of research is conducted for single plants, and industry-specific effects are taken into account. Our analysis shows significant positive effects of the cultural diversity of the high-skilled workforce on the market size of single establishments. We conclude that emerging productivity gains are not just paid as dividend or factor rewards but are also used to set lower prices in order to achieve higher demand." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Employment effects of payroll tax subsidies (2018)
Zitatform
Collischon, Matthias, Kamila Cygan-Rehm & Regina T. Riphahn (2018): Employment effects of payroll tax subsidies. (CESifo working paper 7111), München, 35 S.
Abstract
"This paper exploits several reforms of wage subsidies in the framework of the German Minijob program to investigate substitution and complementarity relationships between subsidized and non-subsidized labor demand. We apply an instrumental variables approach and use administrative data on German establishments for the period 1999-2014. Particularly in small establishments (0-9 employees), subsidized Minijob employment comprises large shares of the work force, on average over 40 percent. For these establishments, robust evidence shows that increasing the subsidization of Minijob employment crowds out non-subsidized employment. Our results imply that Minijob employment in 2014 may have eliminated more than 0.5 million unsubsidized employment relationships just in small establishments." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
How different kinds of Innovation affect exporting (2018)
Zitatform
Dohse, Dirk & Annekatrin Niebuhr (2018): How different kinds of Innovation affect exporting. In: Economics Letters, Jg. 163, H. February, S. 182-185., 2017-11-30. DOI:10.1016/j.econlet.2017.12.017
Abstract
"We analyse how different kinds of innovation affect firms' export propensity, finding a positive impact of incremental innovations, whereas radical innovations need more time to affect exporting. Evidence for an isolated impact of process innovations or imitations is not found." (Author's abstract, © 2017 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Erwartungen und Erfahrungen von Beschäftigten in Deutschland: Feldbericht und Codebuch zur standardisierten Beschäftigtenbefragung des Projekts B4 (2018)
Zitatform
Edler, Susanne, Andrea Hense, Stefan Liebig, Meike May, Julia Rüdel & Franziska Schork (2018): Erwartungen und Erfahrungen von Beschäftigten in Deutschland. Feldbericht und Codebuch zur standardisierten Beschäftigtenbefragung des Projekts B4. (Data documentation 96), Berlin, 263 S.
Abstract
Im Rahmen des durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) geförderten Sonderforschungsbereiches 882 'Von Heterogenitäten zu Ungleichheiten' wurde die standardisierte Befragung 'Erwartungen und Erfahrungen von Beschäftigten in Deutschland' als Bestandteil des Teilprojektes B4 'Betriebe und Ungleichheit: Synchrone und diachrone Ungleichheitseffekte zeitweiser Entlassungen (Recalls)' durchgeführt. Ziel des Teilprojektes ist es herauszufinden, warum, wie und unter welchen Bedingungen Betriebe und Erwerbssuchende ein Beschäftigungsverhältnis in Form eines Recalls eingehen und welche Folgen dies für die Betriebe sowie für die innerbetrieblichen (Erwerbsführung) und außerbetrieblichen (Lebensführung) Beziehungen des Arbeitnehmers hat. Der vorliegende Feldbericht und das Codebuch beziehen sich auf diese Befragung, welche von Oktober 2014 bis Februar 2015 durchgeführt wurde. Insgesamt wurden 1.660 erwerbstätige Personen befragt. (IAB)
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Literaturhinweis
Distance and the multinational wage premium (2018)
Zitatform
Egger, Hartmut, Elke Jahn & Udo Kreickemeier (2018): Distance and the multinational wage premium. (CESifo working paper 7347), München, 45 S.
Abstract
"Combining administrative data on German workers with commercial data on German firms, we find evidence for a distance effect on the multinational wage premium: Foreign multinationals pay lower wages than German multinationals if the ultimate owner is located in close proximity to Germany, whereas the opposite is true if the ultimate owner is located further away. In addition to this so far unexplored effect, our results confirm previous evidence that on average foreign multinationals and domestic multinationals pay wages of similar size, with both types of firms paying a premium relative to other local firms. To provide a rationale for this pattern, we develop a theoretical model in which wages are firm-specific and firms can serve the foreign market via exporting or via FDI. In case of FDI, they face uncertainty about the wages to be paid abroad, and due to this uncertainty, firms that pay high wages at home are more likely to seek foreign investment. In the model, the observed distance effect on the multinational wage premium occurs since the alternative of exporting is less attractive for distant locations, and firms are therefore more willing to accept higher wages for foreign production in locations that are further away from their headquarters." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Aspekt auswählen:
Aspekt zurücksetzen
- FDZ Publikationen / FDZ publications
- Arbeiten und Lernen im Wandel / Working and Learning in a Changing World (ALWA)
- BA-Beschäftigtenpanel / BA Employment Panel
- Befragungsdaten Migration SOEP-CMI-ADIAB
- Berufliche Weiterbildung und lebenslanges Lernen (WeLL)/Further Training and Lifelong Learning (WeLL
- Berufstätigenerhebung 1989 (BTE1989) / Employment survey for East Germany (DDR) 1989 (BTE1989)
- Beschäftigtenbefragung "Bonuszahlungen, Lohnzuwächse und Gerechtigkeit" - BLoG
- Betriebsbefragung IAB-IZA-ZEW-Arbeitswelt 4.0 (BIZA) und DiWaBe-Beschäftigtenbefragung
- Biografiedaten dt. Sozialversicherungsträger / Biographical data of social insurances (BASiD)
- Datensatz NEPS-SC1-ADIAB Neugeborene
- Datensatz NEPS-SC3-ADIAB Schüler Klasse 5
- Datensatz NEPS-SC4-ADIAB Schüler Klasse 9
- Datensatz NEPS-SC5-ADIAB Studierende
- Datensatz NEPS-SC6-ADIAB Erwachsene
- Datenspeicher Gesellschaftliches Arbeitsvermögen verknüpft mit administrativen Daten des IAB (GAV-ADIAB) 1975-2019
- GAW-IAB-Gründerbefragung
- German Management and Organizational Practices (GMOP) Survey
- IAB-BAMF-SOEP Befragung von Geflüchteten
- IAB-Beschäftigtenstichprobe / IAB Employment Sample
- IAB-Betriebs-Historik-Panel / IAB Establishment History Panel
- IAB-Betriebspanel / IAB Establishment Panel
- IAB-Datensatz BeCovid
- IAB-Datensatz HOPP
- IAB-Linked-Employer-Employee-Datensatz (LIAB) / Linked Employer-Employee Data from the IAB
- IAB-Querschnittsbefragung / Cross-sectional survey
- IAB-SOEP Migrationsstichprobe (IAB-SOEP MIG)
- IAB-Stellenerhebung / IAB Job Vacancy Survey
- IZA/IAB Administrativer Evaluationsdatensatz (AED und LED) / IZA Evaluation Dataset Survey
- Kundenbefragung zu Organisationsstrukturen nach SGB II / Client survey on German SGBII-Agencies
- LidA - Leben in der Arbeit
- Linked Inventor Biography Data
- Linked Personnel Panel (LPP)
- Panel Arbeitsmarkt und soziale Sicherung (PASS) / Panel Study Labour Market and Social Security
- Stichprobe Integrierter Employer-Employee Daten (SIEED)/Sample of Integrated Employer-Employee Data
- Stichprobe der Integr. Arbeitsmarktbiografien/Sample of integrated labour market biographies (SIAB)
- Stichprobe der Integrierten Grundsicherungsbiografien (SIG)
- Stichprobe des Administrative Wage and Labor Market Flow Panel (FDZ-AWFP)
- Studie Mentale Gesundheit bei der Arbeit (S-MGA)