Soziale Netzwerke und Arbeitsmarkt
Bei der Personalsuche und der Suche nach freien Arbeitsplätzen werden von Betrieben und Arbeitsuchenden auch soziale Netzwerke genutzt. Darunter sind nicht nur die persönlichen Beziehungen über Verwandte und den Freundeskreis etc. zu verstehen, sondern auch "technisch vermittelte" Kontakte über Facebook, Xing etc. Soziale Netzwerke liefern oftmals Informationen über den Betrieb bzw. die Person, die über herkömmliche Rekrutierungs- und Suchkanäle (z.B. Stellenanzeige, Bewerbungsunterlagen) nicht oder nur schwer zugänglich sind.
In der Infoplattform ist die aktuelle wissenschaftliche Literatur zur Bedeutung und zum Nutzen sozialer Netzwerke bei der Personal- und Arbeitsplatzsuche zusammengestellt.
-
Literaturhinweis
Socioeconomic success of Asian immigrants in the United States (2018)
Lueck, Kerstin;Zitatform
Lueck, Kerstin (2018): Socioeconomic success of Asian immigrants in the United States. In: Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, Jg. 44, H. 3, S. 425-438. DOI:10.1080/1369183X.2017.1320940
Abstract
"It was the aim of this study to explore the effects of social, cultural, and transnational factors on the socioeconomic success (SES) of Asian immigrants in the United States. The participants in this study were 1371 Chinese, Vietnamese, Filipinos, and other Asian immigrants who were interviewed with computer-assisted software in Mandarin, Cantonese, Tagalog, Vietnamese, and English. The subcategory 'other Asians' consisted of Koreans, Japanese, Asian Indians, and individuals of other Asian backgrounds. Results showed that Chinese had a 56% higher probability of SES than other Asians. Men had an approximately 49% higher probability of SES than women due to gender hierarchies and disparities. SES increases for every unit increase in English language proficiency, native language proficiency, social networks, and parental education. Asians who migrated to the United States between the ages of 18 and 34 have an approximately 102% higher chance of SES than a person who migrated after the age of 35." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Do parental networks pay off? Linking children's labor-market outcomes to their parents' friends (2018)
Zitatform
Plug, Erik, Bas van der Klaauw & Lennart Ziegler (2018): Do parental networks pay off? Linking children's labor-market outcomes to their parents' friends. In: The Scandinavian journal of economics, Jg. 120, H. 1, S. 268-295. DOI:10.1111/sjoe.12227
Abstract
"In this paper, we examine whether children are better off if their parents have more elaborate social networks. Using data on high-school friendships of parents, we analyze whether the number and characteristics of friends affect the labor-market outcomes of children. While parental friendships formed in high school appear long lasting, we find no significant impact on their children's occupational choices and earnings prospects. These results do not change when we account for network endogeneity, network persistency, and network measurement error. Only when children enter the labor market do friends of parents have a marginally significant but small influence on their occupational choice." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: IZA discussion paper , 9074 -
Literaturhinweis
Occupational segregation and the (mis)allocation of talent (2018)
Pothier, David;Zitatform
Pothier, David (2018): Occupational segregation and the (mis)allocation of talent. In: The Scandinavian journal of economics, Jg. 120, H. 1, S. 242-267. DOI:10.1111/sjoe.12206
Abstract
"In this paper, I study how occupational segregation affects the allocation of talent in a competitive labour market. I propose a model of occupational choice in which heterogeneous workers must rely on their social contacts to acquire job-vacancy information. While occupational segregation implies benefits in terms of job-finding probability, it also leads to allocative inefficiencies. Efficient and equilibrium outcomes differ due to a network externality that leads workers to segregate too little, and a pecuniary externality that leads workers to segregate too much. Which effect dominates depends on the elasticity of wages to changes in the degree of occupational segregation." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Intergenerational support as a reaction to socio-economic crisis: alteration of solidarity within precarious Romanian households (2018)
Zitatform
Preoteasa, Ana Maria, Ionela Vlase & Laura A. Tufa (2018): Intergenerational support as a reaction to socio-economic crisis. Alteration of solidarity within precarious Romanian households. In: European Societies, Jg. 20, H. 1, S. 111-130. DOI:10.1080/14616696.2017.1402123
Abstract
"This paper addresses the tensions arising from the intersection of norms and practices of support in situations in which intergenerational support is the main household strategy for coping with precariousness in Romania. This paper describes competing meanings of solidarity and reveals gendered experiences of ambiguity with respect to the sustainability of help exchanges within the context of economic vulnerability. Romania displays high public acceptance of intergenerational support, while the country's deficient social welfare system prompts families to intensify their help exchanges. Findings based on in-depth interviews suggest that private arrangements are compounded by unbalanced help exchanges among generations. With the state and the community support directed towards lower social strata, these arrangements give rise to many tensions. Parents become excessively burdened by the constant obligation to help their adult children, while the children's dependence upon their parents limits the opportunities to reciprocate." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Corporate recruitment and networks in Germany: change, stability, or both? (2018)
Semenova, Elena;Zitatform
Semenova, Elena (2018): Corporate recruitment and networks in Germany. Change, stability, or both? In: Historical social research, Jg. 43, H. 4, S. 73-97. DOI:10.12759/hsr.43.2018.4.73-97
Abstract
"'Die Rekrutierung von CEOs und ihre Netzwerke in Deutschland: Wandel, Stabilität, oder beides?'. This article analyzes the recruitment of CEOs at the 100 largest German companies, focusing on how the transition from 'Deutschland AG' to integration with European and global markets has impacted the recruitment and career patterns as well as networks of German CEOs. This study found signs of both continuity and change. The percentage of technically educated German CEOs, as well as CEOs with a Ph.D., continues to be quite high. In contrast, the professionalization of managerial positions in Germany, the decline in corporate tenure, and a gradually opening recruitment market reflect the changing orientation of German corporate culture toward international markets. The analysis of the overall corporate network and its components reveals that the density of the overall corporate network in Germany has increased, which corresponds to the increased number of CEOs with shared alumni experience as well as with additional connections through various policy associations. The density of co-worker networks has, however, decreased. The structure of the German corporate network is not unified but consists of a set of highly dense groups (cliques). The findings and their implications for further research on change in German corporate structures are discussed." (Author's abstract, © GESIS) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Das Jobauswahlproblem für Berufseinsteiger: eine entscheidungstheoretische Anwendung. Teil 1: Problemstrukturierung in Ziele, Alternativen und Unsicherheiten (2018)
Siebert, Johannes Ulrich; Nitzsch, Rüdiger von;Zitatform
Siebert, Johannes Ulrich & Rüdiger von Nitzsch (2018): Das Jobauswahlproblem für Berufseinsteiger. Eine entscheidungstheoretische Anwendung. Teil 1: Problemstrukturierung in Ziele, Alternativen und Unsicherheiten. In: Wirtschaftswissenschaftliches Studium, Jg. 47, H. 10, S. 4-11.
Abstract
"Dieser Beitrag beschreibt eine praxisnahe Anwendung der Entscheidungstheorie in zwei Teilen. In diesem ersten Teil wird gezeigt, wie wichtig eine gute Strukturierung der Entscheidungssituation in Ziele, Alternativen und Unsicherheiten ist und wie man in diesem Schritt unter Zuhilfenahme eine. Entscheidungsanalysten am besten vorgeht. Erst in einem hierauf aufbauenden zweiten Teil wird dann vorgestellt werden, wie mit einer Quantifizierung der notwendigen Parameter die beste Handlungsalternative identifiziert werden kann." (Autorenreferat, © Verlag Franz Vahlen )
-
Literaturhinweis
Transnational entrepreneurial activities: A qualitative network study of self-employed migrants from the former Soviet Union in Germany (2018)
Zitatform
Sommer, Elena & Markus Gamper (2018): Transnational entrepreneurial activities: A qualitative network study of self-employed migrants from the former Soviet Union in Germany. In: Social Networks, Jg. 53, H. May, S. 136-147. DOI:10.1016/j.socnet.2017.04.007
Abstract
"During their careers, migrant entrepreneurs may get involved in different types of transnational entrepreneurial activities and use their social capital to activate transnational business-related ties. Based on content analysis of semi-structured interviews and networks maps with self-employed migrants from the former Soviet Union in Germany this study identified four empirically grounded types of migrant transnational entrepreneurial activities and analysed transnational networking strategies for each type. The study demonstrates that different types of social capital are mobilised for different types of transnational business strategies, with intensive transnational entrepreneurial activities requiring larger pre-existing networks in the country of origin of both strong and weak ties, that are gradually extended, while a more limited set of mostly informal weak ties suffice for more sporadic transnational activities in the country of origin. Transnational entrepreneurial activities with other countries or with multiple countries, on the other hand, involved a more formal network of relationships." (Author's abstract, © 2017 Elsevier) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
The culturally contingent meaning of entrepreneurship: mixed embeddedness and co-ethnic ties (2018)
Szkudlarek, Betina; Wu, Shou Xin;Zitatform
Szkudlarek, Betina & Shou Xin Wu (2018): The culturally contingent meaning of entrepreneurship. Mixed embeddedness and co-ethnic ties. In: Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, Jg. 30, H. 5/6, S. 585-611. DOI:10.1080/08985626.2018.1432701
Abstract
"This study employs phenomenography to investigate the role of embeddedness in business venturing of migrant and ethnic entrepreneurs. By focusing on two culturally distinct groups, operating in the same micro-economic context, we show the ways in which embeddedness impacts the perceptions and subsequent enactment of business venturing. Our findings demonstrate that, despite physical proximity and similar socio-economic context, the investigated communities predominantly employ their co-ethnic norms, assumptions and frames of reference to makes sense of and act upon entrepreneurial opportunities. These findings expand the mixed embeddedness literature by exploring how co-ethnic sensemaking frames persist within culturally distinct communities, despite years of co-existence within the same socio-economic context. Moreover, our study reveals how co-ethnic structures can successfully substitute institutional arrangements traditionally provided by the host-country environment. By reflecting upon the practice of entrepreneuring and entrepreneurial sensemaking, our findings point towards the importance of language and interpretative methods for theory development." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
On the optimal diversification of social networks in frictional labour markets with occupational mismatch (2018)
Zitatform
Zaharieva, Anna (2018): On the optimal diversification of social networks in frictional labour markets with occupational mismatch. In: Labour economics, Jg. 50, H. March, S. 112-127. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2017.04.002
Abstract
"This paper incorporates social networks into a frictional labour market framework. There are two worker types and two occupations, which are subject to correlated fluctuations in output. The equilibrium is characterized by occupational mismatch which is associated with a wage penalty. Every worker has a fixed number of social contacts in the network. The fraction of contacts of the same occupational type defines homophily of the social network, so this paper investigates the optimal level of network homophily. Workers are risk-neutral and take aggregate variables as given, so their optimal individual choice is full homophily. This is different from the social planner's perspective. The planner internalizes external effects of workers' network choices on aggregate variables, so there exists a unique interior value of network homophily maximizing the present value of income. On the one hand, higher homophily is associated with lower occupational mismatch. But on the other hand, higher homophily separates the two groups of workers, prevents exchange of information about open vacancies, and leads to more unemployment, especially in recessions. So it is the trade-off between these two effects and not the desire to reduce income volatility, as in standard portfolio theory, which gives rise to network diversification. Comparative statics shows that optimal network homophily is lower and diversification is stronger with a lower wage penalty from mismatch, lower unemployment benefit and negative correlation in output fluctuations." (Author's abstract, © 2017 Elsevier) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Social capital and entrepreneurial process (2017)
Zitatform
Afandi, Elvin, Majid Kermani & Fuad Mammadov (2017): Social capital and entrepreneurial process. In: International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Jg. 13, H. 3, S. 685-716. DOI:10.1007/s11365-016-0421-8
Abstract
"The paper examines the relationship between social capital and entrepreneurial engagement of individuals in 35 nations from Europe and Asia. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first empirical research that attempts to investigate the influence of three-dimensional social capital concept - trust, networks and norms - on three stages of entrepreneurial process - preference, trial and success - using such large and comprehensive cross-sectional micro data. In general, we find that all three dimensions of social capital matter in the entrepreneurship context, albeit differently. They become beneficial in different ways and at different stages of entrepreneurial involvement. For example, among trust variables, institutional trust in general, and trust in business-oriented and business-supporting actors in particular, exert significant positive effect on entrepreneurial process. Individuals with formal membership in professional associations are more likely to perceive entrepreneurial opportunities, while some close or strong-tie networks might prevent them from progressing in the entrepreneurship ladder. Finally, individual level civic norms appear to be negatively associated with early-stage entrepreneurship, while the success in becoming an entrepreneur is not found to be bound by people's civic norms." (Author's abstract, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Social capital and labor market networks (2017)
Zitatform
Asquith, Brian J., Judith K. Hellerstein, Mark J. Kutzbach & David Neumark (2017): Social capital and labor market networks. (NBER working paper 23959), Cambrige, Mass., 49 S. DOI:10.3386/w23959
Abstract
"We explore the links between social capital and labor market networks at the neighbourhood level. We harness rich data taken from multiple sources, including matched employer-employee data with which we measure the strength of labor market networks, data on behavior such as voting patterns that have previously been tied to social capital, and new data - not previously used in the study of social capital - on the number and location of non-profits at the neighbourhood level. We use a machine learning algorithm to identify potential social capital measures that best predict neighbourhood-level variation in labor market networks. We find evidence suggesting that smaller and less centralized schools, and schools with fewer poor students, foster social capital that builds labor market networks, as does a larger Republican vote share. The presence of establishments in a number of non-profit oriented industries are identified as predictive of strong labor market networks, likely because they either provide public goods or facilitate social contacts. These industries include, for example, churches and other religious institutions, schools, country clubs, and amateur or recreational sports teams or clubs." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Netzwerke beim Berufseinstieg: Strukturen, Nutzungsweisen und soziale Herkunft (2017)
Banaszczuk, Yasmina;Zitatform
Banaszczuk, Yasmina (2017): Netzwerke beim Berufseinstieg. Strukturen, Nutzungsweisen und soziale Herkunft. Wiesbaden: Springer VS, 256 S. DOI:10.1007/978-3-658-16289-4
Abstract
"Yasmina Banaszczuk untersucht die Bedeutung persönlicher Kontakte für den Berufseinstieg von Akademikerinnen und Akademikern, die neben Tipps zu offenen Stellen vor allem Unterstützung und Austausch bieten. Sie zeigt, dass die persönlichen Netzwerke je nach sozialer Herkunft in Größe und Intensität variieren: Studierte Berufseinsteigende aus akademischer Herkunft können auf mehr Kontakte zurückgreifen als traditionelle Arbeiterkinder. Vorbereitend und prägend ist neben der Familie vor allem die Studienzeit. In der Nutzung ihrer Netzwerke zeigen sich ebenfalls deutliche Unterschiede, die neben der sozialen Herkunft auch aufs Geschlecht zurückgeführt werden können: Bei Männern überlappen private und berufliche Netzwerke, anders als bei Frauen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
-
Literaturhinweis
The demand side of hiring: employers in the labor market (2017)
Zitatform
Bills, David B., Valentina DiStasio & Klarita Gërxhani (2017): The demand side of hiring: employers in the labor market. In: Annual review of sociology, Jg. 43, S. 291-310. DOI:10.1146/annurev-soc-081715-074255
Abstract
Soziologische Untersuchungen des Arbeitsmarkts haben sich bislang auf die Angebotsseite konzentriert, also etwa auf die Merkmale der Arbeitsuchenden und Arbeitsplatzinhaber. Trotz seiner wichtigen und vorrangigen Bedeutung bei den Arbeitsmarktprozessen hat die Nachfrageseite, haben insbesondere die Einstellungsentscheidungen der Arbeitgeber nach Ansicht der Autoren bisher zu wenig Aufmerksamkeit erhalten. Das Arbeitsverhältnis hat aber eine Nachfrage- und eine Angebotsseite sowie einen matching-Prozess, der beide zusammenführt. In der Soziologie der Nachfrageseite betrachten die Autoren mit dem Human-, Sozial- und kulturellen Kapital die drei Informationsquellen, auf denen die Einstellungsentscheidungen beruhen, und befassen sich damit auch mit den Mechanismen, die mit jeder einzelnen Informationsquelle verbunden sind. In diesem Ansatz sind die Arbeitgeber aktive Agenten, deren Einstellungsverhalten beschränkt, aber durch einen größeren gesellschaftlichen, organisationalen und institutionellen Kontext überhaupt erst möglich wird. Erforderlich dafür ist ein Forschungsprogramm, das zu einem umfassenderen empirischen und theoretischen Verständnis des Einstellungsverhaltens und dessen Stellenwerts in der Schichtenbildung des Arbeitsmarkts führt. (IAB)
-
Literaturhinweis
Neueinstellungen im Jahr 2016: Große Betriebe haben im Wettbewerb um Fachkräfte oft die Nase vorn (2017)
Zitatform
Bossler, Mario, Alexander Kubis & Andreas Moczall (2017): Neueinstellungen im Jahr 2016: Große Betriebe haben im Wettbewerb um Fachkräfte oft die Nase vorn. (IAB-Kurzbericht 18/2017), Nürnberg, 8 S.
Abstract
"Kleine und mittlere Betriebe stellen den Großteil des gesamtwirtschaftlichen Stellenangebots und damit auch den Großteil der Neueinstellungen in Deutschland. So gab es im Jahr 2016 insgesamt 3,65 Millionen Neueinstellungen im Bereich der sozialversicherungspflichtigen Beschäftigung, 44 Prozent davon in kleinen Betrieben mit weniger als 50 Beschäftigten. Das Wachstumspotenzial der deutschen Wirtschaft hängt somit maßgeblich davon ab, ob und wie gerade diese Betriebe ihren Arbeitskräftebedarf decken können. Die Autoren untersuchen auf Basis der IAB-Stellenerhebung 2016 Erfolge und Schwierigkeiten kleiner und mittlerer Betriebe bei der Stellenbesetzung im Vergleich zu Großbetrieben, legen den Schwerpunkt auf die Ursachen von Rekrutierungsschwierigkeiten und leiten daraus mögliche Lösungsansätze ab." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
- Neueinstellungen nach formalen Qualifikationsanforderungen und nach Betriebsgröße
- Geeignete und ungeeignete Bewerber nach Betriebsgröße
- Neueinstellungen nach Betriebsgröße
- Befristungsquote bei den Neueinstellungen nach Betriebsgröße
- Dauer des Stellenbesetzungsprozesses nach Betriebsgröße
- Bruttostundenlohn bei Neueinstellungen nach Betriebsgröße
- Abbrüche der Personalsuche nach Betriebsgröße
-
Literaturhinweis
Social networks and labor markets: how strong ties relate to job finding on Facebook's social network (2017)
Gee, Laura K.; Jones, Jason; Burke, Moira;Zitatform
Gee, Laura K., Jason Jones & Moira Burke (2017): Social networks and labor markets. How strong ties relate to job finding on Facebook's social network. In: Journal of labor economics, Jg. 35, H. 2, S. 485-518. DOI:10.1086/686225
Abstract
"Social networks are important for finding jobs, but which ties are most useful? Granovetter has suggested that 'weak ties' are more valuable than 'strong ties,' since strong ties have redundant information, while weak ties have new information. Using 6 million Facebook users' data, we find evidence for the opposite. We proxy for job help by identifying people who eventually work with a pre-existing friend. Using objective tie strength measures and our job help proxy, we find that most people are helped through one of their numerous weak ties but a single stronger tie is significantly more valuable at the margin." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Coworker networks in the labour market (2017)
Glitz, Albrecht;Zitatform
Glitz, Albrecht (2017): Coworker networks in the labour market. In: Labour economics, Jg. 44, H. January, S. 218-230. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2016.12.006
Abstract
"This paper studies the effect of coworker-based networks on individual labour market outcomes. I analyse how the provision of labour market relevant information by former coworkers affects the employment probabilities and, if hired, the wages of male workers who have previously become unemployed as the result of an establishment closure. To identify the causal effect of an individual worker's network on labour market outcomes, I exploit exogenous variation in the strength of these networks that is due to the occurrence of mass-layoffs in the establishments of former coworkers. The empirical analysis is based on administrative data that comprise the universe of workers employed in Germany between 1980 and 2001. The results suggest a strong positive effect of a higher employment rate in a worker's network of former coworkers on his re-employment probability after displacement: a 10 percentage point increase in the prevailing employment rate in the network increases the re-employment probability by 7.5 percentage points. In contrast, there is no evidence of a statistically significant effect on wages." (Author's abstract, © 2017 Elsevier) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
The value of hiring through employee referrals in developed countries (2017)
Hoffman, Mitchell;Zitatform
Hoffman, Mitchell (2017): The value of hiring through employee referrals in developed countries. (IZA world of labor 369), Bonn, 8 S. DOI:10.15185/izawol.369
Abstract
"Companies frequently hire new employees based on referrals from existing employees, who often recommend friends or family members. There are numerous possible benefits from this, such as lower turnover, possibly higher productivity, lower recruiting costs, and beneficial commonalities related to shared employee values. On the other hand, hiring through employee referrals may disadvantage under-represented minorities, entail greater firm costs in the form of higher wages, lead to undesirable commonalities, and reflect nepotism. A growing body of research explores these considerations." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Weiterführende Informationen
deutsche Kurzfassung -
Literaturhinweis
Do neighbors help finding a job?: social networks and labor market outcomes after plant closures (2017)
Zitatform
Jahn, Elke & Michael Neugart (2017): Do neighbors help finding a job? Social networks and labor market outcomes after plant closures. (IZA discussion paper 10480), Bonn, 35 S.
Abstract
"Social networks may affect workers' labor market outcomes. Using rich spatial data from administrative records, we analyze whether the employment status of neighbors influences the employment probability of a worker who lost his job due to a plant closure and the channels through which this occurs. Our findings suggest that a ten percentage point higher neighbourhood employment rate increases the probability of having a job six months after displacement by 0.9 percentage points. The neighbourhood effect seems to be driven not by social norms but by information transmission at the neighbourhood level, and additionally by networks of former co-workers who also lost their jobs due to plant closure." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Networks beyond nationalities?: Relationships amongst Eastern European women workers in Italy facing the economic crisis (2017)
Zitatform
Marchetti, Sabrina (2017): Networks beyond nationalities? Relationships amongst Eastern European women workers in Italy facing the economic crisis. In: Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, Jg. 43, H. 4, S. 633-651. DOI:10.1080/1369183X.2016.1249052
Abstract
"This article explores the intricate relationship between Georgian, Ukrainian and Polish women working as live-in elderly caregivers in the province of Reggio Emilia, Italy. Their case shows how both elements of competition and of support can articulate the relationship between national groups that, on the one side, have in common some cultural, linguistic and historical legacies, but, on the other, have a different legal status in the European Union and positions in the Italian labour market for elderly care. In so doing, this article contributes to the debate on migrants' social networks by pointing to the necessity of further exploring the boundaries that define people's participation to the same circle of contacts and relationships that constitute their network of reference. From the analysis of 36 in-depth interviews with women of these nationalities, the article shows how the three groups have overlapped through time in the same Italian areas and how they have emulated each other in their migratory trajectories as well as in their employment strategies in the elderly care sector, but it will also underline how in some cases they have competed and been divided, especially beginning in 2008 as a consequence of the economic crisis." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Distinguishing neighbourhood and workplace network effects on individual income: evidence from Sweden (2017)
Zitatform
Mellander, Charlotta, Kevin Stolarick & José Lobo (2017): Distinguishing neighbourhood and workplace network effects on individual income. Evidence from Sweden. In: Regional Studies. Journal of the Regional Studies Association, Jg. 51, H. 11, S. 1652-1664. DOI:10.1080/00343404.2016.1236187
Abstract
"In diesem Beitrag untersuchen wir die Auswirkungen von zwei sozialen Netzwerken, in die Einzelpersonen eingebettet sind - ihrer Wohnnachbarschaft und ihrem Arbeitsplatz - auf das Einkommen der Personen. Hierfür nutzen wir schwedische Daten auf Mikroebene, was die Identifizierung von einzelnen Arbeitnehmern sowie von ihren Nachbarn und Arbeitskollegen ermöglicht. Der räumliche Umfang des nicht arbeitsplatzgebundenen sozialen Netzwerks - vom Wohnblock bis hin zum gesamten Ballungsraum - wird abgewandelt, um zu untersuchen, welche soziale Gemeinschaft sich am stärksten auf das Einkommen der Personen auswirkt. Hierbei unterscheiden wir zwischen Personen in hoch und gering qualifizierten Berufen, um die Unterschiede im Bereich der Bildung, Ausbildung und Kenntnisse genau zu berücksichtigen. Aus den Ergebnissen geht hervor, dass Wohnnachbarschaften für das Einkommen von Personen durchaus eine Rolle spielen, wobei der Effekt jedoch für gering qualifizierte Personen stärker ausfällt. Sowohl für hoch als auch für gering qualifizierte Personen wirken sich die Kenntnisse in der Arbeitsplatzgruppe am stärksten auf das Einkommen aus, wobei der Effekt aber für hoch qualifizierte Personen negativ und für gering qualifizierte Personen positiv ausfällt." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)