Bedingungsloses und solidarisches Grundeinkommen – Konzepte in der Diskussion
Trotz günstiger Beschäftigungslage laufen Langzeitarbeitslose immer noch Gefahr, den Anschluss an den ersten Arbeitsmarkt zu verlieren. Zudem gibt es die Sorge, dass sich diese Entwicklung durch den technologischen Wandel noch verstärken wird. Wäre ein bedingungsloses Grundeinkommen die richtige Antwort? Kann ein solidarisches Grundeinkommen das Bürgergeld nach SGB II weiterentwickeln oder sogar ablösen? Dieses Themendossier stellt wissenschaftliche Literatur zum Thema zusammen und wirft einen Blick auf die aktuelle Diskussion.
Im Filter „Autorenschaft“ können Sie auf IAB-(Mit-)Autorenschaft eingrenzen.
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Literaturhinweis
A Truly Missed Opportunity: The Political Context and Impact of the Basic Income Experiment in Finland (2022)
Zitatform
Hiilamo, Heikki (2022): A Truly Missed Opportunity: The Political Context and Impact of the Basic Income Experiment in Finland. In: European Journal of Social Security, Jg. 24, H. 3, S. 177-191. DOI:10.1177/13882627221104501
Abstract
"Finland conducted the first nationwide field experiment with partial basic income between 2017 and 2018. The experiment and its results were widely reported in international media and featured in political debates across the globe. Domestically, the experiment had an impact on social policy debates but no impact on social policy. For example, it did not feature in the Social Security 2030 project or in the work of the Social Security Reform Committee (2020–2027). The research setting for the experiment was compromised from the beginning due to political reasons; but the scientific power was further undermined by a new sanctioning model, which was implemented in 2018 at the beginning of the second year of the basic income experiment. The new Government taking office in 2019 promised to continue with a negative income tax experiment; however, no such experiment was conducted. The article will unpack these developments in Finland and discuss possible explanations for denouncing basic income as a policy idea." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Design and Evaluation of the Finnish Basic Income Experiment (2022)
Zitatform
Hämäläinen, Kari & Jouko Verho (2022): Design and Evaluation of the Finnish Basic Income Experiment. (CESifo working paper 9875), München, 33 S.
Abstract
"The Finnish basic income experiment was an ambitious effort to study basic income in a Nordic welfare state. This paper describes the planning, implementation and scientific evaluation of the experiment. The randomized treatment group was paid a guaranteed monthly income, which had no impact on disposable income while a person was unemployed but provided a substantial increase in work incentives. We extend previous evaluations by examining the heterogeneity of incentive changes and employment responses across households. Our results reveal improvements in employment only for couples with children, providing an interesting contrast to other in-work credit programs." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Universal Basic Income: Inspecting the Mechanisms (2022)
Zitatform
Jaimovich, Nir, Itay Saporta-Eksten, Ofer Setty & Yaniv Yedid-Levi (2022): Universal Basic Income: Inspecting the Mechanisms. (IZA discussion paper 15058), Bonn, 25 S.
Abstract
"We consider the aggregate and distributional impact of Universal Basic Income (UBI). We develop a model to study a wide range of UBI programs and financing schemes and to highlight the key mechanisms behind their impact. The most crucial channel is the rise in distortionary taxation (required to fund UBI) on labor force participation. Second in importance is the decline in self-insurance due to the insurance UBI provides, resulting in lower aggregate capital. Third, UBI creates a positive income effect lowering labor force participation. Alternative tax-transfer schemes mitigate the impact on labor force participation and the cost of UBI." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Basic Income in Ireland: The Development of Two Pilots (2022)
Zitatform
Johnston, Helen (2022): Basic Income in Ireland: The Development of Two Pilots. In: European Journal of Social Security, Jg. 24, H. 3, S. 243-256. DOI:10.1177/13882627221109287
Abstract
"This paper provides an overview of Irish dalliances with basic income over the last 40 years in the context of social security reform. A government Green Paper on Basic Income was published in 2002, but the proposals were never progressed. Now, the current 2020 Programme for Government contains a commitment to pilot basic income within the lifetime of the Government. It has transpired that two basic income schemes are being developed – a universal basic income scheme by the Government's Low Pay Commission and a sectoral basic income scheme for artists. The arts proposal is being led by the Green Party Minister for the Arts, a long-time advocate of basic income. The work of the Low Pay Commission is overseen by the Fine Gael leader and Minister for Employment, who has not traditionally supported basic income. Public discourse claims that these are separate proposals with a lack of clarity on whether they will be progressed separately, one will inform the other, or they will become integrated. The work in Ireland has drawn upon other basic income experiments taking place in Europe, especially the Finnish experience. The work to date can make a unique contribution to understanding basic income experimentation in Europe, especially through a government-led, twin-track approach." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Social Policy Without Growth: Moving Towards Sustainable Welfare States (2022)
Zitatform
Koch, Max (2022): Social Policy Without Growth. Moving Towards Sustainable Welfare States. In: Social Policy and Society, Jg. 21, H. 3, S. 447-459. DOI:10.1017/S1474746421000361
Abstract
"Growth-dependent welfare states contribute to climate emergency. The ecological economics, degrowth, and sustainable welfare literatures demonstrate that to re-embed Western production and consumption patterns in environmental limits, an encompassing social-ecological transformation would need to be initiated very soon. This article focuses on the potential roles of the welfare state and social policy in this transformation, applying the concepts of ‘sustainable welfare’ and ‘safe-operating space’. Based on two Swedish studies, it also provides an empirical analysis of the popularity of selected eco-social policies designed to steer the economy and society towards this space: maximum and basic incomes, taxes on wealth and meat, as well as working time reductions. In analogy to the historical role of the state in reconstituting the welfare-work nexus in the post-WWII era and its present engagement in the context of the Covid-19 crisis, it is argued that a more interventionist state is required to grapple with climate emergency." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Preparing for the (Non-Existent?) Future of Work (2022)
Zitatform
Korinek, Anton & Megan Juelfs (2022): Preparing for the (Non-Existent?) Future of Work. (NBER working paper 30172), Cambridge, Mass, 42 S. DOI:10.3386/w30172
Abstract
"This paper considers the labor market and distributional implications of a scenario of ever-more-intelligent autonomous machines that substitute for human labor and drive down wages. We lay out three concerns arising from such a scenario and evaluate recent predictions and objections to these concerns. Then we analyze how a utilitarian social planner would allocate work and income if these concerns start to materialize. As the income produced by autonomous machines rises and the value of labor declines, a utilitarian planner finds it optimal to phase out work, beginning with workers who have low labor productivity and job satisfaction, since they have comparative advantage in enjoying leisure. This is in stark contrast to welfare systems that force individuals with low labor productivity to work. If there are significant wage declines, avoiding mass misery will require other ways of distributing income than labor markets, whether via sufficiently well-distributed capital ownership or via benefits. Recipients could still engage in work for its own sake if they enjoy work amenities such as structure, purpose and meaning. If work gives rise to positive externalities such as social connections or political stability, or if individuals undervalue the benefits of work because of internalities, then a social planner would incentivize work. However, in the long run, the planner might be able to achieve a higher level of social welfare by adopting alternative ways of providing these benefits." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Enabling Participation Income for an Eco-Social State (2022)
Zitatform
Laruffa, Francesco, Michael McGann & Mary P. Murphy (2022): Enabling Participation Income for an Eco-Social State. In: Social Policy and Society, Jg. 21, H. 3, S. 508-519. DOI:10.1017/S1474746421000750
Abstract
"We revise Atkinson’s concept of a ‘participation income’ (PI), repositioning it as a form of green conditional basic income that is anchored in a capabilities-oriented eco-social policy framework. This framework combines the capability approach with an ‘ethics of care’ to re-shape the focus of social policy on individuals’ capability to ‘take care of the world’, thus shifting the emphasis from economic production to social reproduction and environmental reparation. In developing this proposal, we seek to address key questions about the feasibility of implementing PI schemes: including their administrative complexity and the criticism that a PI constitutes either an arbitrary and confusing, or invasive and stigmatising, form of basic income. To address these concerns, we argue for an enabling approach to incentivising participation whereby participation pathways are co-created with citizens on the basis of opportunities they recognise as meaningful rather than enforced through strict monitoring and sanctions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Basic Income and the Social Investment State: Towards Mutual Reinforcement? (2022)
Zitatform
Martinelli, Luke & Yannick Vanderborght (2022): Basic Income and the Social Investment State: Towards Mutual Reinforcement? In: European Journal of Social Security, Jg. 24, H. 1, S. 40-57. DOI:10.1177/13882627221085019
Abstract
"Is a social investment strategy compatible with the provision of an unconditional basic income? Prima facie, these two scenarios look like incongruent policy alternatives. While social investment – an influential policy paradigm at the level of the European Union – aims at promoting public services and maximum labour market participation, basic income is paid in cash and has sometimes been presented as the key component of a post-work future. In this article, we explore this apparent incongruence and show that these two visions for welfare reform are not necessarily incompatible. We argue that they may share a number of substantial points of agreement, and indeed may reinforce one another according to a logic of institutional complementarity. In particular, we claim that a partial basic income (i.e., a modest unconditional income guarantee, whose amount would be insufficient if one lives alone) could enhance or complement the key functions of a social-democratic version of the social investment strategy. By doing so, we conclude that the integration of a basic income into a social investment package could contribute to overcoming criticisms of the social investment agenda. At the same time, it could rescue basic income from the numerous critics who see it as an unrealistic policy proposal." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Wege zu einem zukunftsfähigen Weiterbildungssystem: Studie zur Machbarkeit eines Bildungsgrundeinkommens (2022)
Münch, Claudia; Dreibholz, Pauline; Orozco Klaß, Helga; Ehrentraut, Oliver;Zitatform
Münch, Claudia, Helga Orozco Klaß, Pauline Dreibholz & Oliver Ehrentraut (2022): Wege zu einem zukunftsfähigen Weiterbildungssystem. Studie zur Machbarkeit eines Bildungsgrundeinkommens. (Studie / Prognos), Basel, 34 S.
Abstract
"Um Lebenslanges Lernen finanziell abzusichern und Weiterbildung breiteren Bevölkerungsgruppen zugänglich zu machen, braucht es neue Instrumente. Unser Vorschlag: ein Bildungsgrundeinkommen. Die erste Studie des Zentrums Liberale Moderne stellte bereits 2021 ein neues Instrument der Weiterbildungsfinanzierung vor: das Bildungsgrundeinkommen. Dieses neue Instrument soll allen Bürgerinnen und Bürgern für einen Zeitraum bis zu 36 Monaten im Verlauf ihres Erwerbslebens zur Verfügung stehen. Sie erhalten 1.200 € monatlich; darüber hinaus werden ihre Weiterbildungskosten erstattet, ggf. werden Zuschläge für Kinder oder besondere Lebenslagen gewährt. Mit einer neuen Studie hat Prognos im Auftrag der Bertelsmann-Stiftung und des Zentrums Liberale Moderne die Machbarkeit des Bildungsgrundeinkommens als Finanzierungsinstrument bewertet. Die Studie stellt die Defizite des deutschen Weiterbildungssystems heraus und skizziert ein Idealbild eines leistungsfähigen Weiterbildungssektors. Das Bildungsgrundeinkommen kann einen Übergang vom Status quo zum Idealbild schaffen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
How do transfers and universal basic income impact the labor market and inequality? (2022)
Zitatform
Rauh, Christopher & Marcelo R. Santos (2022): How do transfers and universal basic income impact the labor market and inequality? (Cambridge working papers in economics 2208), Cambridge, 46 S.
Abstract
"This paper studies the impact of existing and universal transfer programs on vacancy creation, wages, and welfare using a search-and-matching model with heterogeneous agents and on-the-job human capital accumulation. We calibrate the general equilibrium model to match key moments concerning unemployment, wage and wealth distributions, as well as the distribution of EITC and transfers. In addition, unemployment insurance benefits are related to pre-unemployment earnings and subject to exhaustion, after which agents can only rely on transfers and savings. First, we show that existing transfers hamper economic activity but provide sizeable welfare gains. Next, we show that a universal basic income of nearly $12,500 to each household per year, which replaces all existing transfer programs and unemployment benefits, can lead to small aggregate welfare gains. These welfare gains mostly accrue to less skilled individuals despite their sizable fall in wages, and the overall rise in skill premia and wage inequality. Albeit the extra burden of higher taxes to finance UBI, we show that the increased action in hiring is a key channel though which outcomes for low education groups improve with the reform. However, if we keep the UI benefits in place, the positive effects on job creation vanish and UBI does not improve upon the current system." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Grundeinkommen: eine stabile Existenzgrundlage in Zeiten prekärer Jobs und brüchiger Karrieren. Sozialstaat 4.0 (2022)
Reischer, Robert;Zitatform
Reischer, Robert (2022): Grundeinkommen. Eine stabile Existenzgrundlage in Zeiten prekärer Jobs und brüchiger Karrieren. Sozialstaat 4.0. Norderstedt: Books on Demand GmbH, 116 S.
Abstract
"Sozialstaat 4.0 ist die Antwort auf Deregulierung, Privatisierung und Globalisierung, die für Jobverlust und Sozialabbau politisch verantwortlich sind. Reparaturen und Anpassungen im bestehen System sind möglich. Das emanzipatorische Grundeinkommen ist die Erweiterung des Systems und ein Weg zu mehr Freiheit und weniger Abhängigkeiten." (Verlagsangaben, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
Leseprobe -
Literaturhinweis
What's not to like? Benefit design, funding structure and support for universal basic income (2022)
Zitatform
Rincón, Leire, Tim Vlandas & Heikki Hiilamo (2022): What's not to like? Benefit design, funding structure and support for universal basic income. In: Journal of European Social Policy, Jg. 32, H. 4, S. 467-483. DOI:10.1177/09589287211072638
Abstract
"After decades of debates on the economic and philosophical merits and shortcomings of a universal basic income (UBI), more recent literature has started to investigate the politics of a UBI. While several studies shed new light on the individual characteristics associated with higher or lower support for a UBI, we still do not know what features of a UBI itself are attractive or not to people, nor whether other slightly different policy alternatives like means-tested and minimum incomes would be more popular. This article addresses this gap by employing a conjoint experiment fielded in Finland, where a UBI has received significant media and political attention. Our findings show that the most contentious dimension of a UBI is – surprisingly – not its universality, but instead its unconditional nature. Individuals are more likely to support policies that condition receipts upon searching for employment or being genuinely unable to work, and less likely to support policies that are fully unconditional. On the funding side, support tends to be lower for a UBI that is linked to reducing existing benefits, but higher if the UBI is to be funded by increasing taxes, especially on the rich. These findings contribute to a wider literature on the politics of UBI and to our understanding of the potential popularity of competing policy reform alternatives." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
A Struggle for Framing and Interpretation: The Impact of the 'Basic Income Experiments' on Social Policy Reform in the Netherlands (2022)
Zitatform
Roosma, Femke (2022): A Struggle for Framing and Interpretation: The Impact of the 'Basic Income Experiments' on Social Policy Reform in the Netherlands. In: European Journal of Social Security, Jg. 24, H. 3, S. 192-212. DOI:10.1177/13882627221109846
Abstract
"In the period from 1st October 2017 to 31st December 2019, the Dutch government allowed several municipalities to carry out so-called 'basic income experiments', 'trust' experiments, or 'experiments low in regulation'. These experiments focused on giving exemptions on obligations attached to social benefits, allowing people to keep extra earnings on top of their social assistance benefits, and providing more guidance in finding work. In this paper, I critically evaluate the extent to which these experiments have had an effect on social policy in the Netherlands in both the short and long run. For municipalities, the main goal of these experiments was to examine whether an approach focused on trust and intrinsic motivation would lead to increased labour market participation and higher wellbeing. The national government approved the experiments; but in its evaluation, it focused solely on the outflow to work in line with the existing workfare approach. In the short run, the effects of the experiments appeared disappointing for those with the ambition of fundamentally reforming the social security system. However, in the struggle for framing and interpretation, advocates of a different social policy approach obtained success in the long run. Although the Participation Act was not initially amended, the recent coalition agreement of the new Government does propose a change related to the outcomes of the experiment; and in recent party manifestos, there are more far-reaching proposals to change social policy in the direction of a universal basic income." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Auf dem Weg vom Regelbedarf zum Mindesteinkommen. Methoden und Rechenergebnisse auf der Basis der EVS 2018 (2022)
Schüssler, Reinhard;Zitatform
Schüssler, Reinhard (2022): Auf dem Weg vom Regelbedarf zum Mindesteinkommen. Methoden und Rechenergebnisse auf der Basis der EVS 2018. In: Sozialer Fortschritt, Jg. 71, H. 2, S. 97-117. DOI:10.3790/sfo.71.2.97
Abstract
"Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt Methoden und stellt deren Ergebnisse vergleichend gegenüber, die in jüngster Zeit auf der Grundlage einer Statistik, der Einkommens- und Verbrauchstichprobe 2018 (EVS 2018), für den Regelbedarf ermittelt wurden. Einbezogen in die Darstellung sind die Modelle des Bundesministeriums für Arbeit und Soziales, der Parität auf der Grundlage von Sonderauswertungen der EVS 2018 durch Die Linke, von Becker/Tobsch (2020) für die Bundestagsfraktion Bündnis 90/Die Grünen, von Becker/Held (2020) für die Diakonie Deutschland sowie das Modell von Schüssler (2018; 2019). Für das Modell von Schüssler werden erstmals Resultate publiziert. Die Ergebnisse weisen mit Ausnahme des BMAS-Modells eine eher geringe Spannweite der resultierenden Euro-Beträge des „Bedarfs“ auf. Sie ist im wesentlichen durch die Wahl des Referenzbereichs (Bereich unterer Einkommen oder gesellschaftliche Mitte) sowie durch den politisch gesetzten Abstand des Regelbedarfs vom gewählten Referenzbereich bestimmt." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Aktuelle Mikrosimulationsstudien zur Einführung eines partiellen bedingungslosen Grundeinkommens in Deutschland: Eine kritische Analyse (2022)
Spermann, Alexander;Zitatform
Spermann, Alexander (2022): Aktuelle Mikrosimulationsstudien zur Einführung eines partiellen bedingungslosen Grundeinkommens in Deutschland: Eine kritische Analyse. (FRIBIS discussion paper series 2022,1), Freiburg, 11 S.
Abstract
"Mikrosimulationsstudien sind ein empirisches Standardinstrument zur ex ante-Evaluation wirtschaftspolitischer Vorschläge. Der Vorschlag eines bedingungslosen Grundeinkommen für Deutschland wurde in den letzten zwanzig Jahren immer wieder mit diesem Instrument simuliert - und aus fiskalischen Gründen nach Berücksichtigung von Verhaltensanpassungen am Arbeitsmarkt verworfen. Im Jahr 2021 wurden auch Berechnungen zu partiellen Grundeinkommensmodellen in Deutschland vorgelegt. In diesem Beitrag werden die wichtigsten Ergebnisse dargestellt und kritisch analysiert. Es zeigt sich, dass die negativen Beschäftigungseffekte und die fiskalischen Kosten eines partiellen Grundeinkommens durch die Art der Modellierung überzeichnet werden. Der Autor befürwortet weitere Mikrosimulationsstudien mit einer verbesserten Modellierung. Dagegen liefern Mikrosimulationsstudien zur Kindergrundsicherung - einem bedingungslosen Grundeinkommen für Kinder - bereits weitreichende, jedoch noch nicht ausreichende empirische Evidenz für Politikentscheidungen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Investment-Specific Technological Change and Universal Basic Income in the U.S (2022)
Vedor, Bernardo;Zitatform
Vedor, Bernardo (2022): Investment-Specific Technological Change and Universal Basic Income in the U.S. (MPRA paper / University Library of Munich 111675), München, 29 S.
Abstract
"Since 1980, income and wealth inequality increased gradually in the U.S. Several solutions have been proposed, namely the introduction of a Universal Basic Income (UBI) system. In order to assess whether a UBI financed by a progressive labor tax is a viable solution to reduce inequality, we develop an overlapping generations model, with multiple sources of technological change and four different occupations. Calibrating the model to the U.S. we find that the welfare-maximizing level of UBI is actually quite low, 0.5% of GDP. Even though a higher UBI would decrease income and wealth inequality, it would negatively affect economic efficiency and make all types of agents worse off. The main mechanism is the distortionary effect of higher labor income taxation on capital accumulation which prevents the economy from incorporating the gains from investment-specific technological progress." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Removing Welfare Traps: Employment Responses in the Finnish Basic Income Experiment (2022)
Zitatform
Verho, Jouko, Kari Hämäläinen & Ohto Kanninen (2022): Removing Welfare Traps: Employment Responses in the Finnish Basic Income Experiment. In: American Economic Journal. Economic Policy, Jg. 14, H. 1, S. 501-522. DOI:10.1257/pol.20200143
Abstract
"This paper provides evidence that replacing minimum unemployment benefits with a basic income of equal size has minor employment effects at best. We examine an experiment in Finland in which 2,000 benefit recipients were randomized to receive a monthly basic income. The experiment lowered participation tax rates by 23 percentage points for full-time employment. Despite the considerable increase in work incentives, days in employment remained statistically unchanged in the first year of the experiment. Moreover, even though all job search requirements were waived, participation in reemployment services remained high." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Automatisierung und die Zukunft der Arbeit (2021)
Benanav, Aaron;Zitatform
Benanav, Aaron (2021): Automatisierung und die Zukunft der Arbeit. (Edition Suhrkamp), Berlin: Suhrkamp, 195 S.
Abstract
"Zukunftsforscher, Technikutopistinnen und marxistische Gesellschaftskritiker malen in seltener Übereinstimmung ein düsteres Szenario an die Wand: Über kurz oder lang übernehmen Roboter, selbstfahrende Autos und Algorithmen unsere Jobs. Digitalisierung und Automatisierung machen Millionen von Arbeitnehmern überflüssig. Aber ist wirklich der technologische Wandel der entscheidende Faktor hinter diesem tiefgreifenden Strukturwandel der Arbeitswelt? Aaron Benanav widerspricht dem »Automatisierungsdiskurs« und zeigt, dass die eigentlichen Ursachen in einer Verlangsamung der Produktivitätssteigerung und des Wachstums zu suchen sind. Eine Zukunft, in der Mensch und Maschine nicht miteinander konkurrieren, ist möglich, dafür bedarf es jedoch einer demokratischen Organisation der Wirtschaft." (Autorenreferat, © 2021 Suhrkamp)
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Literaturhinweis
Universal Independence Income. A EUROMOD Utopian Simulation in the UK (2021)
Bezzo Bonomi, Franco;Zitatform
Bezzo Bonomi, Franco (2021): Universal Independence Income. A EUROMOD Utopian Simulation in the UK. (EUROMOD working paper 2021,03), Colchester, 69 S.
Abstract
"In this paper we want to provide an utopian attempt to tackle inequality and to tackle, most specifically, what we consider the cultural and ethical origin of inequality: paid work. We believe that a globalised world, structured around the asymmetry between an increasingly small number of employers and an increasing, almost unlimited, supply of always available employees, leads to increasing inequalities. Under our perspective, in the post-industrialised economies of all major developed countries, paid work cannot be seen anymore as an instrument of self-determination (Marx, 1844) but becomes the main generator of exploitation and poverty. For this reason, we try to develop a benefit with attached strong disincentives to paid work that should provide people with an exit strategy and higher bargaining power. After presenting the main typologies of income benefits that are normally in use or discussed we provide a theoretical explanation of the Universal Independence Income (UII) benefit we want to introduce. We simulate the introduction of our preferred version of UII, two variations of UII and five forms of Universal Basic Income (UBI) to be compared with the tax and benefit system currently in place in the UK. Our main findings suggest that UII has a positive effect on inequality an almost null effect on poverty and strong positive effects on work disincentives." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Mikrosimulation verschiedener Varianten eines Bedingungslosen Grundeinkommens in Deutschland (2021)
Zitatform
Blömer, Maximilian & Andreas Peichl (2021): Mikrosimulation verschiedener Varianten eines Bedingungslosen Grundeinkommens in Deutschland. (Ifo-Forschungsberichte 121), München, 56 S.
Abstract
"In diesem Report zeigen wir die Simulation verschiedener Varianten eines Bedingungslosen Grundeinkommens (BGE) in Deutschland. Wir greifen dafür auf eine Standardmethode der Evaluation von Reformvorschlägen im Steuer- und Transfersystem zurück -- die Mikrosimulation. Es gibt zahlreiche potenzielle Wirkungskanäle eines BGE. Hier beschränken wir uns auf die Auswirkungen auf das Arbeitsangebot und die Einkommensverteilung im Kontext eines strukturellen Arbeitsangebotsmodells der Modellklasse „Discrete Choice"." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)