Alleinerziehende – Arbeitsmarktintegration statt Hilfebedürftigkeit?
Alleinerziehende sind in Deutschland fast doppelt so häufig von Armut betroffen wie der Durchschnitt aller Haushalte. Unterbrochene Erwerbsbiografien, mangelnde Angebote für die Kinderbetreuung und die hohe psycho-soziale Belastung bei der Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf erfordern komplexe Handlungskonzepte zur verbesserten Arbeitsmarktintegration. Dieses Themendossier bietet einen Literatur- und Forschungsüberblick zum Thema einschließlich eines internationalen Vergleichs.
Im Filter „Autorenschaft“ können Sie auf IAB-(Mit-)Autorenschaft eingrenzen.
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Literaturhinweis
Für Mütter im Grundsicherungsbezug ist Kinderbetreuung der mit Abstand wichtigste Grund für die Freistellung von der Arbeitssuche (2024)
Artmann, Elisabeth;Zitatform
Artmann, Elisabeth (2024): Für Mütter im Grundsicherungsbezug ist Kinderbetreuung der mit Abstand wichtigste Grund für die Freistellung von der Arbeitssuche. In: IAB-Forum H. 02.09.2024, 2024-09-02. DOI:10.48720/IAB.FOO.20240902.01
Abstract
"Alleinerziehende mit minderjährigen Kindern sind häufiger auf Leistungen der Grundsicherung angewiesen als Paare mit Kindern. Alleinerziehende Mütter sind in solchen Fällen nach eigenen Angaben häufiger als Mütter und seltener als Väter in Paar-Bedarfsgemeinschaften zur Arbeitssuche verpflichtet. Diese Unterschiede resultieren im Wesentlichen aus der Altersverteilung der Kinder. Für Mütter ist Kinderbetreuung mit Abstand der wichtigste Grund, warum sie von der Arbeitssuche freigestellt sind. Bei Vätern hingegen sind gesundheitliche Einschränkungen oder das Absolvieren einer Ausbildung die wichtigsten Freistellungsgründe." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Artmann, Elisabeth; -
Literaturhinweis
State Dependence in Material and Social Deprivation in European Single-Parent Households (2024)
Zitatform
Calegari, Elena, Enrico Fabrizi & Chiara Mussida (2024): State Dependence in Material and Social Deprivation in European Single-Parent Households. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 172, H. 2, S. 481-498. DOI:10.1007/s11205-024-03317-8
Abstract
"This paper explores the dynamics of social exclusion as measured by material and social deprivation in the particularly exposed category of single-parent households. We aim to assess whether there is true state dependence in deprivation and the role of other household factors, as well as that of the macro-economic and social welfare scenario. We use 2015–2018 European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions longitudinal data to explore a large set of European countries. We estimate three-level dynamic probit models that enable us to account for micro- and country-level unobserved heterogeneity. Our results suggest that material and social deprivation is likely to be a trap for single-parent households and that this effect is stronger for these households than for those composed of two adults and children. Among single-parent households, those headed by a female are worse off than those headed by a male. The policy implications of these findings are also discussed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Alleinerziehende in Deutschland (2024)
Menne, Sarah; Funcke, Antje;Zitatform
Menne, Sarah & Antje Funcke (2024): Alleinerziehende in Deutschland. (Factsheet / Bertelsmann Stiftung), Gütersloh, 27 S. DOI:10.11586/2024091
Abstract
"Vier von zehn alleinerziehenden Familien in Deutschland sind armutsgefährdet. An der prekären Situation hat sich in den vergangenen Jahren trotz punktueller Erleichterungen kaum etwas geändert. Dabei gehen die meisten der alleinerziehenden Eltern einer Erwerbstätigkeit nach. Das Factsheet gibt anhand von Daten und zahlreichen Grafiken einen Überblick über die Lebenssituation alleinerziehender Familien in Deutschland. Insgesamt 1,7 Millionen alleinerziehende Familien mit minderjährigen Kindern leben aktuell in Deutschland. Das entspricht jeder fünften Familie. Wie es zum Alleinerziehen kommt und welche Betreuungsmodelle in den Familien gelebt werden, zeigt das Factsheet. Die Veröffentlichung gibt auch Einblicke in die Aufteilung von Erwerbs- und Care-Arbeit alleinerziehender Mütter und Väter. Ein Schwerpunkt der Analyse liegt bei der Betrachtung der finanziellen Situation alleinerziehender Familien sowie ihrer Armutsbetroffenheit. Abschließend werden Reformvorschläge skizziert, die Armut von Alleinerziehenden reduzieren und sie bei der Bewältigung ihres herausfordernden Alltags unterstützen könnten." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The intergenerational effects of welfare transfers among single mothers: Evidence from an Israeli welfare reform (2024)
Zitatform
Shanan, Yannay (2024): The intergenerational effects of welfare transfers among single mothers: Evidence from an Israeli welfare reform. In: Journal of Public Economics, Jg. 237. DOI:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2024.105207
Abstract
"This paper examines the intergenerational effects of a welfare reform that increased welfare benefits generosity and eased eligibility requirements for single mothers in Israel. Using large-scale restricted administrative data and a difference-in-differences design, I find that the rise in single mothers’ welfare participation rates following the reform had a significant impact on their children’s long-term economic outcomes. Girls exposed to the reform in childhood were likelier to be on welfare themselves as young adults, while boys experienced a long-lasting increase in labor earnings. The results suggest that generous welfare programs can have beneficial consequences for boys growing up in single-parent households." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
More than Money? Job Quality and Food Insecurity among Employed Lone Mother Households in the United States (2024)
Zitatform
Sheely, Amanda (2024): More than Money? Job Quality and Food Insecurity among Employed Lone Mother Households in the United States. In: Social Policy and Society, Jg. 23, H. 1, S. 35-52. DOI:10.1017/S1474746421000877
Abstract
"This article examines the relationship between food insecurity and the uncertainty and inadequate financial resources associated with low quality work among lone mother households in the United States. Food insecurity has increased since the start of the Great Recession and is particularly high among lone mother households. Using data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation, I find that mothers who have been employed part-time involuntarily and experienced job loss have an increased likelihood of experiencing food insecurity. This relationship holds even after controlling for multiple measures of household income, suggesting the relationship between low quality work and food insecurity is not solely determined by low financial resources. Results suggest that, to reduce food insecurity among lone mother families, policymakers must address both the low wages and uncertainty associated with low quality employment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Ukrainerinnen und Ukrainer in der Grundsicherung: Über ein Drittel der Erwerbsfähigen ist alleinerziehend (2023)
Zitatform
Bruckmeier, Kerstin, Andreas Hauptmann, Katrin Hohmeyer & Sekou Keita (2023): Ukrainerinnen und Ukrainer in der Grundsicherung: Über ein Drittel der Erwerbsfähigen ist alleinerziehend. In: IAB-Forum H. 23.02.2023 Nürnberg, 2023-02-20. DOI:10.48720/IAB.FOO.20230222.01
Abstract
"In Deutschland wurden bislang rund eine Million Geflüchtete aus der Ukraine registriert, rund 96 Prozent sind ukrainische Staatsangehörige. Seit Juni 2022 können Geflüchtete aus der Ukraine bei Hilfebedürftigkeit Leistungen der Grundsicherung für Arbeitsuchende beantragen. Insbesondere Altersstruktur und durchschnittliches Qualifikationsniveau, aber auch institutionelle Rahmenbedingungen sprechen dafür, dass ihre Beschäftigungsperspektiven vergleichsweise günstig sind. Eine besondere Bedeutung für die Arbeitsmarktintegration dürfte aber der Kinderbetreuung zukommen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Double Disadvantage in a Nordic Welfare State: A Demographic Analysis of the Single-Parent Employment Gap in Finland, 1987–2018 (2023)
Zitatform
Härkönen, Juho, Marika Jalovaara, Eevi Lappalainen & Anneli Miettinen (2023): Double Disadvantage in a Nordic Welfare State: A Demographic Analysis of the Single-Parent Employment Gap in Finland, 1987–2018. In: European Journal of Population, Jg. 39. DOI:10.1007/s10680-023-09651-w
Abstract
"This study demonstrates how an evolving negative educational gradient of single parenthood can interact with changing labour market conditions to shape labour market inequalities between partnered and single parents. We analysed trends in employment rates among Finnish partnered and single mothers and fathers from 1987 to 2018. In the late 1980s' Finland, single mothers' employment was internationally high and on par with that of partnered mothers, and single fathers' employment rate was just below that of partnered fathers. The gaps between single and partnered parents emerged and increased during the 1990s recession, and after the 2008 economic crisis, it widened further. In 2018, the employment rates of single parents were 11–12 percentage points lower than those of partnered parents. We ask how much of this single-parent employment gap could be explained by compositional factors, and the widening educational gradient of single parenthood in particular. We use Chevan and Sutherland's decomposition technique on register data, which allows us to decompose the single-parent employment gap into the composition and rate effects by each category of the background variables. The findings point to an increasing double disadvantage of single parents: the gradually evolving disadvantage in educational backgrounds together with large differences in employment rates between single and partnered parents with low education explain large parts of the widening employment gap. Sociodemographic changes in interaction with changes in the labour market can produce inequalities by family structure in a Nordic society known for its extensive support for combining childcare and employment for all parents." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Reiches Land - arme Frauen: Was gegen strukturelle Benachteiligung von Frauen getan werden muss (2023)
Mandrysch, Claudia;Zitatform
(2023): Reiches Land - arme Frauen. Was gegen strukturelle Benachteiligung von Frauen getan werden muss. (Theorie und Praxis der sozialen Arbeit. Sonderband 2023), Weinheim: Juventa Verlag, 146 S.
Abstract
"Männer und Frauen sind in Deutschland noch immer nicht gleichberechtigt. Angesichts ausdifferenzierter Lebenslagen von Frauen steht die Frauen- und Gleichstellungspolitik vor großen Herausforderungen. Die politischen Themen, die dringend diskutiert werden müssen, sind vielfältig: etwa die Ungleichheiten auf dem Arbeitsmarkt und in der Entlohnung, die ungerechte Verteilung von unbezahlter Arbeit im Haushalt oder bei der häuslichen Pflege. Der Diskurs um Geschlechtergerechtigkeit muss noch mehr geführt werden. Die AWO hat notwendige Gleichberechtigungsdiskussionen immer schon angestoßen und geführt. Der vorliegende Sonderband steht in dieser Tradition." (Verlagsangaben, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
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Literaturhinweis
Single earners and carers during lockdown: everyday challenges faced by Finnish single mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic (2023)
Zitatform
Salin, Milla, Mia Hakovirta, Anniina Kaittila & Johanna Raivio (2023): Single earners and carers during lockdown: everyday challenges faced by Finnish single mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic. In: The international journal of sociology and social policy, Jg. 43, H. 13/14, S. 146-160. DOI:10.1108/IJSSP-03-2023-0051
Abstract
"Purpose: This article analyzes the challenges Finnish single mothers experienced in their everyday lives during the COVID-19 pandemic. In studies on challenges to family life during COVID-19 lockdowns, single-parent families remain a largely understudied group. Design/methodology/approach The authors apply triple bind theory and ask how did Finnish single mothers manage the interplay between inadequate resources, inadequate employment, and inadequate policies during lockdown in spring 2020? These data come from an online survey including both qualitative and quantitative questions which was conducted between April and May 2020 to gather Finnish families' experiences during lockdown. This analysis is based on the qualitative part of the survey. Findings This study's results show that lockdown created new inadequacies while also enhancing some old inadequacies in the lives of Finnish single mothers. During lockdown, single mothers faced policy- and resource-disappearances; accordingly, they lost their ability to do paid work normally. Furthermore, these disappearances endangered the well-being of some single mothers and their families. Originality/value This article contributes to the wider understanding of everyday lives of single mothers and the challenges COVID-19 pandemic created. Moreover, this study provides knowledge on the applicability of the triple bind theory when studying the everyday lives of single mothers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Emerald Group) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Armut von Frauen in Deutschland: Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten und der Fraktion der AfD (Drucksache 20/5072) (2023)
Zitatform
Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales (2023): Armut von Frauen in Deutschland. Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten und der Fraktion der AfD (Drucksache 20/5072). (Verhandlungen des Deutschen Bundestages. Drucksachen 20/5476 (01.02.2023)), 71 S.
Abstract
Die Kleine Anfrage will die weiblichen Armutslagen der Gegenwart in den Blick nehmen und eine aussagekräftige Datengrundlage als Ausgangspunkt einer sachgerechten armutspolitischen Bewertung der sozio-ökonomischen Situation von Frauen in Deutschland legen. Entsprechend werden Fragen nach dem derzeitigen Stand und der Entwicklung der Armutsgefährdung(-squote) von Frauen, nach dem Medianeinkommen von Frauen und Männern und nach der Schuldensituation bzw. Überschuldung von Frauen/Rentnerhaushalten gestellt, jeweils für den Zeitraum der letzten zehn Jahre und differenziert nach soziodemographischen Merkmalen (Kinderzahl, Inländer, Ausländer, EU-Bürger, Drittstaatenangehörige) und regionalen Merkmalen (Ost-West-Vergleich/Bundesländer). Besonderes Augenmerk gilt der Gruppe der Alleinerziehenden (Frauen), bei der zusätzlich nach ausschließlicher Beschäftigung in Mini-Jobs und den dabei erzielten Einkommen, nach der Zahl der Bezieher von Leistungen nach dem SGB II und Geringverdienern gefragt wird. Ein weiterer Fragenkomplex gilt Rentnern und Rentnerinnen mit Fragen nach der Quote von Beziehern kleiner Renten und den über 65-jährigen Empfängern von Leistungen aus der Grundsicherung. (IAB)
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Literaturhinweis
Familien- und Vereinbarkeitspolitik in Deutschland: Eine Einführung (2022)
Ahrens, Regina;Zitatform
Ahrens, Regina (2022): Familien- und Vereinbarkeitspolitik in Deutschland. Eine Einführung. (Elemente der Politik), Wiesbaden: Imprint: Springer VS, XIX, 199 S. DOI:10.1007/978-3-658-37149-4
Abstract
"Dieses Lehrbuch gibt einen fundierten Einblick in das Politikfeld Familienpolitik. Es zeichnet die historischen Entwicklungen in Deutschland nach und zeigt politikfeldanalytische Erklärungen auf. Das Lehrbuch ermöglicht damit auch ein Verständnis der aktuellen familienpolitischen Diskurse. Es richtet sich vornehmlich an Studierende im Bachelor und Master, aber auch an Praktikerinnen und Praktiker, die sich aufgrund von neuen beruflichen Aufgaben in die Grundzüge der Familienpolitik in Deutschland einlesen möchten. Das Buch enthält ergänzendes Online-Material. Die Autorin Dr. Regina Ahrens ist Politikwissenschaftlerin und vertritt an der Hochschule Hamm-Lippstadt die Professur „Betriebswirtschaftslehre mit Schwerpunkt Personal und Marketing“. Daneben ist sie Lehrbeauftragte am Institut für Politikwissenschaft der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster und berät Unternehmen und Privatpersonen zum Thema Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Familie." (Verlagsangaben)
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Literaturhinweis
The Change in Poverty from 1995 to 2016 among Single-Parent Families (2022)
Corinth, Kevin; Wu, Derek; Meyer, Bruce D.;Zitatform
Corinth, Kevin, Bruce D. Meyer & Derek Wu (2022): The Change in Poverty from 1995 to 2016 among Single-Parent Families. In: AEA papers and proceedings, Jg. 112, S. 345-350. DOI:10.1257/pandp.20221043
Abstract
"This paper is the first to examine changes in poverty over time using a comprehensive set of linked survey and administrative data, implementing the recommendations of the Interagency Technical Working Group on Evaluating Alternative Measures of Poverty. Using the Comprehensive Income Dataset (CID), we correct for measurement error in survey-reported incomes, focusing on single-parent families from 1995 to 2016. Our preferred estimates indicate that single-parent family poverty declined by 62 percent over time, while it fell by only 45 percent using survey data alone. Moreover, survey-reported deep poverty among single-parent families increased over time, while it fell using the CID." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Prekäre Subjektivierung: ›Kämpfe ums Möglichwerden‹ im Kontext von Mutterschaft und Erwerbslosigkeit (2022)
Künstler, Phries Sophie;Zitatform
Künstler, Phries Sophie (2022): Prekäre Subjektivierung. ›Kämpfe ums Möglichwerden‹ im Kontext von Mutterschaft und Erwerbslosigkeit. (Gesellschaft der Unterschiede 69), Bielefeld: Transcript, 308 S.
Abstract
"Warum folgt aus einer prekären gesellschaftlichen Lage nicht automatisch ein politisches Subjekt? Dieser Grundfrage kritischer Gesellschaftstheorie widmet sich Phries Künstler und geht Prozessen prekärer Subjektivierung im Kontext von Mutterschaft und Erwerbslosigkeit nach. Anhand von Interviews mit Teilnehmerinnen von Aktivierungsmaßnahmen werden aus poststrukturalistischer Perspektive die Kämpfe untersucht, die unternommen werden müssen, um den eigenen Subjektstatus gegen die Gefahr der Verwerfung zu sichern. Damit leistet die Studie einen Beitrag zur Theoretisierung und Empirie von Subjektivierung im Horizont sozialer Ungleichheit, Prekarität und Politik." (Verlagsangaben, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Die Förderung von Frauen und Alleinerziehenden im Sozialen Arbeitsmarkt (2022)
Martin, Andrea;Zitatform
Martin, Andrea (2022): Die Förderung von Frauen und Alleinerziehenden im Sozialen Arbeitsmarkt. In: Archiv für Wissenschaft und Praxis der sozialen Arbeit, Jg. 53, H. 4, S. 52-59.
Abstract
"Die Förderung von Frauen und Alleinerziehenden im Sozialen Arbeitsmarkt ist eine Frage der Perspektive auf die Zielgruppe. Gezielte Ansprache, bedarfsgerechte Angebote, aber auch die Konstellation der jeweiligen Bedarfsgemeinschaft entscheiden über die Integrationschancen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, © Deutscher Verein für öffentliche und private Fürsorge e.V.)
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Literaturhinweis
Work and Family Disadvantage: Determinants of Gender Gaps in Paid Work During the COVID-19 Pandemic (2022)
Zitatform
Mertehikian, Yasmin A. & Pilar Gonalons-Pons (2022): Work and Family Disadvantage: Determinants of Gender Gaps in Paid Work During the COVID-19 Pandemic. In: Socius, Jg. 8, S. 1-12. DOI:10.1177/23780231221117649
Abstract
"This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the increase in gender inequality in paid work during the pandemic to unpack the relative relevance of labor market and work-family conflict processes. Using panel data from the United States Current Population Survey, we examine four mechanisms in an integrated analysis that explicitly includes single-parent households and assesses the moderating role of women’s economic position relative to their partners. The results indicate that increases in gender inequality during the pandemic were heavily concentrated in households with children but also partly connected to gender differences in prepandemic labor market positions and to the higher prevalence of women in lower earner position relative to their partners. Single parents were more negatively impacted than partnered parents, but the disproportionate concentration of this impact on women does not contribute much to increases in overall gender inequality due to the relatively smaller size of this group." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
How do low-income single-mothers get by when unemployment strikes: Patterns of multiple program participation after transition from employment to unemployment (2022)
Zitatform
Wu, Chi-Fang, Yu-Ling Chang, Soohyun Yoon & Salma Musaad (2022): How do low-income single-mothers get by when unemployment strikes: Patterns of multiple program participation after transition from employment to unemployment. In: PLoS ONE, Jg. 17, H. 9. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0274799
Abstract
"Little is known about longitudinal patterns of welfare program participation among single mothers after they transition from employment to unemployment. To better understand how utilization patterns of these welfare programs may change during the 12 months after a job loss, we used the 2008 Survey of Income and Program Participation to examine the patterns of participation in Medicaid, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, and unemployment insurance among 342 single mothers who transitioned from employment to unemployment during the Great Recession. Using sequence analysis and cluster analysis, this paper identified four distinct patterns of program participation: (a) constantly receiving in-kind benefits; (b) primarily but not solely receiving food stamps; (c) inconsistent unemployment insurance or Medicaid-based benefits; and (d) limited or no benefits. Almost two-fifths of our sample of single mothers received inconsistent, limited, or no benefits. Results of the multinomial regression revealed that race, work disability, poverty, homeownership, and region of residence were significant factors that influenced whether study subjects participated in or had access to social safety net programs. Our findings illustrate the heterogeneity in patterns of multiple program participation among single mothers transitioning from employment to unemployment. Better understanding these varied patterns may inform decisions that increase the accessibility of US social safety net programs for single mothers during periods of personal economic hardship." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Family policies' long-term effects on poverty: a comparative analysis of single and partnered mothers (2022)
Zitatform
Zagel, Hannah & Wim Van Lancker (2022): Family policies' long-term effects on poverty: a comparative analysis of single and partnered mothers. In: Journal of European Social Policy, Jg. 32, H. 2, S. 166-181. DOI:10.1177/09589287211035690
Abstract
"This study investigates whether generous family policies at the transition to parenthood reduce single and partnered mothers’ economic disadvantages later in the life course. Previous research usually focused on the immediate effects of family policies and disregards potential longer-term effects. In this study, we suggest taking a life-course perspective to study the relationships between family policy and mothers’ poverty risks. We empirically investigate how investment in child benefits, childcare services and parental leave measures at the transition to parenthood are associated with poverty outcomes at later life stages and whether these associations hold over time. We draw on pooled EU-SILC data, and an original policy dataset based on OECD expenditure data for child benefits, childcare and parental leave from 1994 to 2015. We find that mothers’ observed increase in poverty over time is slower in countries with high levels of spending for childcare at the transition to parenthood than in lower spending countries. The gap between partnered and single mothers was also diminishing in contexts of high childcare expenditure. For the other two policies, we did not find these links. These results do lend support to the claim that childcare is a prime example of a social investment policy with returns later in the life course and represents a life-course policy that seems to be able to disrupt economic path dependencies. The results for the other two policies suggest, however, a limited potential of family policy spending at transition to parenthood to reduce the poverty gap between partnered and single mothers over the course of life." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
How causal is separation?: Lessons learnt from endogenous switching regression models for single mothers’ economic strain in Germany (2021)
Zitatform
Birkeneder, Antonia & Christina Boll (2021): How causal is separation? Lessons learnt from endogenous switching regression models for single mothers’ economic strain in Germany. (SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research at DIW Berlin 1147), Berlin, 24 S.
Abstract
"Single mothers often experience precarious financial conditions. However, it is not fully understood to what extent separation is the cause of these conditions versus being their consequence. Estimating an endogenous switching regression model based on a sample of 626 separated and 5,525 non-separated mothers drawn from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 1984-2018, we disentangle the roles of causation and selection for separated mothers’ individual earnings as a measure of economic well-being. Our results indicate that separated mothers increase their working hours and sometimes adjust industry in anticipation of the separation event and afterwards. Adjusting for these processes that can be considered caused by the upcoming event, the positive selection into separation turns negative, while the non-separated are clearly positively selected. Thus, comparing average women with mean characteristics, the actually (non-)separated earn lower (higher) wages than women who are randomly assigned to a (non-)separation scenario. Additionally, the separated are more negatively selected into employment. Robustness checks largely confirm our results against changes in sample composition, eliminated group differences in period distribution, and model specification. Thus, our data support the notion that both chronic strain and crisis-caused factors diminish single mothers’ economic well-being. Unobserved traits associated with lower labor market investments and productivity explain part of separated mothers’ economic strain after separation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Shared Parenting and Parents’ Income Evolution after Separation: New Explorative Insights from German (2021)
Zitatform
Boll, Christina & Simone Schüller (2021): Shared Parenting and Parents’ Income Evolution after Separation. New Explorative Insights from German. (SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research at DIW Berlin 1131), Berlin, 37 S.
Abstract
"Based on panel data from 1997 to 2018, we investigate the socioeconomic preconditions and economic consequences of ‘shared parenting (SP)’ forms in Germany. Referring to the post-separation year, we build SP groups from information on child residence and fathers’ childcare hours during a regular weekday. We explore the short-term gender and SP group associations with economic well-being as well as, for mothers only, its medium-term associations in the five years after separation. Our findings indicate that around separation, intense SP is a superior strategy in terms of equivalized household income. This also holds true for mothers in the medium-term, but their earnings barely improve during that time. Mothers stay highly involved in childcare even in shared parenting settings and/or fail to redirect released childcare time to the labor market. Our data support the notion that even high resources do not shield mothers against remaining trapped in economic dependence post-separation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Impact of South Carolina's TANF Program on Earnings of New Entrants Before and During the Great Economic Recession (2021)
Zitatform
Edelhoch, Marilyn, Cynthia Flynn & Qiduan Liu (2021): Impact of South Carolina's TANF Program on Earnings of New Entrants Before and During the Great Economic Recession. In: Journal of Social Policy, Jg. 50, H. 4, S. 871-890. DOI:10.1017/S0047279420000677
Abstract
"This study assesses the impact of South Carolina’s Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program, Family Independence (FI), on the longitudinal earnings of three cohorts of new entrants who entered the study before, at the beginning of, and at the height of the 2007-2009 recession. Applicants who began the application process but did not enroll in TANF were propensity-score matched to entrants by background characteristics including pre-intervention earnings history, and served as the comparison group. We constructed a latent growth curve model to test whether earnings histories were similar for the program and comparison groups up until FI intake, to estimate program impact by comparing post-intake earnings of program participants to those of the comparison group, and to determine the statistical significance of cohort differences in program impact. The findings showed FI had a positive impact on the earnings of participants before the recession. The effect became weaker during the state’s period of rising unemployment, and disappeared during the worst economic recession in decades. This study demonstrates the usefulness of longitudinal administrative data, propensity score matching, and latent growth modeling techniques for evaluating the impact of program interventions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))