Europäische Arbeitslosenversicherung
Die Europäische Arbeitslosenversicherung wird als ein Instrument zur Stabilisierung ökonomischer Krisen im Euro-Raum diskutiert. EU-Mitgliedsländern mit hoher Arbeitslosigkeit könnten so zusätzliche Mittel zur Verfügung gestellt werden, die von Ländern mit guter wirtschaftlicher- und Beschäftigungssituation finanziert werden.
Dieses Themendossier dokumentiert die wissenschaftliche und politische Diskussion um die Ausgestaltung und Einführung einer Europäischen Arbeitslosenversicherung. Im Filter „Autorenschaft“ können Sie auf IAB-(Mit-)Autorenschaft eingrenzen.
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Literaturhinweis
Sozialleistungen für migrierende Arbeitslose (2016)
Pfeil, Walter J.;Zitatform
Pfeil, Walter J. (2016): Sozialleistungen für migrierende Arbeitslose. In: Zeitschrift für ausländisches und internationales Arbeits- und Sozialrecht, Jg. 30, H. 1, S. 151-164.
Abstract
"Was beiden Systemen - neben der Zielsetzung einer Unterhaltssicherung für die Zeit der Arbeitslosigkeit - gemeinsam ist, ist das Abstellen auf eine bestimmte Nahebeziehung zum betreffenden Leistungsschema, die vor allem eine örtliche Komponente aufweist. Diese Voraussetzung ist naturgemäß von Migrantinnen schwerer zu erfüllen, was zwangsläufig zu einem Spannungsverhältnis mit dem Unionsrecht und der dort verbrieften Freizügigkeit führt. Dieses Spannungsverhältnis soll in der Folge vor allem im Lichte von zwei Grundfragen untersucht werden: Zum einen soll herausgearbeitet werden, welche (örtliche) Nahebeziehung arbeitslose MigrantInnen aufweisen müssen, um in einem anderen Staat Leistungen wegen Arbeitslosigkeit in Anspruch nehmen zu können. Zum anderen ist zu fragen, wie diese Nahebeziehung vor dem Hintergrund des Unionsrechts ausgestaltet sein muss und welche Restriktionen in diesem Zusammenhang - auch in rechtspolitischer Sicht - möglich bzw. erforderlich sind." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Unemployment benefit provision: Measuring multivariable adequacy and the implications for social security institutions (2016)
Zitatform
Internationale Vereinigung für soziale Sicherheit (2016): Unemployment benefit provision. Measuring multivariable adequacy and the implications for social security institutions. (Adequacy in social security series), Genf, V, 26 S.
Abstract
"This second report promoting the findings of the Adequacy Project of the International Social Security Association (ISSA) summarizes results concerning the adequacy of unemployment benefit provision and discusses the implications of these for social security institutions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Weiterführende Informationen
Hier finden Sie den Online-Zugang in Deutsch und Englisch. -
Literaturhinweis
Ein soziales Europa ist möglich: Grundlagen und Handlungsoptionen (2015)
Alemann, Ulrich von; Heidbreder, Eva G.; Dreyer, Domenica; Gödde, Anne; Hummel, Hartwig;Zitatform
Alemann, Ulrich von, Eva G. Heidbreder, Hartwig Hummel, Domenica Dreyer & Anne Gödde (Hrsg.) (2015): Ein soziales Europa ist möglich. Grundlagen und Handlungsoptionen. Wiesbaden: Springer VS, 367 S. DOI:10.1007/978-3-658-04952-2
Abstract
"Der Band zeigt die Grundlagen eines sozialen Europas, konkrete Handlungsoptionen zu deren Ausgestaltung und Wege zu einer sozial orientierten Europäischen Union auf. Im ersten Teil werden die bestehenden Grundlagen eines sozialen Europas als konstitutiver Bestandteil der EU-Integration dargestellt. Der zweite Teil greift konkrete Vorschläge zur weiteren Ausgestaltung der Sozialunion auf. Im letzten Teil werden die Problemfelder kontrovers diskutiert, indem die Akteure, ihre Interessen und die Hürden auf dem Weg zu einem sozialen Europa dargestellt werden. In allen drei Teilen werden die wissenschaftlich fundierten Debattenbeiträge jeweils durch zwei Stellungnahmen aus der politischen Praxis kommentiert." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
Hier finden Sie das Inhaltsverzeichnis. -
Literaturhinweis
Reinsurance of national unemployment benefit schemes (2015)
Beblavý, Miroslav; Gros, Daniel; Maselli, Ilaria;Zitatform
Beblavý, Miroslav, Daniel Gros & Ilaria Maselli (2015): Reinsurance of national unemployment benefit schemes. (CEPS working document 401), Brüssel, 31 S.
Abstract
"This study is a contribution to the debate around the creation of an unemployment insurance scheme for the EU/euro area by proposing an alternative mechanism to the Europeanisation of national insurance schemes. The authors make the case for a reinsurance mechanism and show that such a system delivers, for a small average contribution, large shock-absorption capacities. At the same time, due to a threshold issue, it is not suitable for EU-level absorption of small national shocks. It is rather meant to deliver a large punch once activated, which should occur only in case of MAJOR events for the labour market. Had such a scheme been in place in the EU during the period 2000-2012, it would have been triggered 40 times." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
A European unemployment benefit scheme: the rationale and the challenges ahead (2015)
Beblavý, Miroslav; Marconi, Gabriele; Maselli, Ilaria;Zitatform
Beblavý, Miroslav, Gabriele Marconi & Ilaria Maselli (2015): A European unemployment benefit scheme. The rationale and the challenges ahead. Brüssel, 28 S. DOI:10.2767/867358
Abstract
"This working paper constitutes the first deliverable of the study 'Feasibility and Added Value of a European Unemployment Benefit Scheme', commissioned by DG EMPL and carried out by a consortium led by CEPS. The objective of the paper is to frame the debate on a European shock absorber around its origins on the one hand, and its most controversial aspects, on the other." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Income insurance: a theoretical exercise with empirical application for the euro area (2015)
Carnot, Nicolas; Mourre, Gilles; Evans, Phil; Fatica, Serena;Zitatform
Carnot, Nicolas, Phil Evans, Serena Fatica & Gilles Mourre (2015): Income insurance. A theoretical exercise with empirical application for the euro area. (European economy. Economic papers 546), Brüssel, 76 S. DOI:10.2765/537291
Abstract
"This paper examines whether hypothetical macroeconomic insurance schemes of various kinds could improve the degree of cyclical income stabilisation in the euro area. We review the potential issues, the underlying trade-offs and the necessary conditions for such schemes to work efficiently. The paper discusses 'good' design features, which raise the potential efficiency and acceptability of these mechanisms. It argues that such schemes would preferably focus on large shocks, moderate the boom times as well as cushion adverse shocks, and include a degree of budgetary prudence to cater for real-time uncertainty in assessing business cycles. It also carries out retrospective empirical simulations using both 'ex post' and 'real-time' data for the euro area. The results suggest that all the schemes considered would have provided non-negligible income insurance over the past 10-20 years, although somewhat less so when operating on the basis of data available in real time. The insurance schemes reviewed do not require particularly large or persistent payments into or out of them." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The case for a European unemployment benefit scheme (2015)
Maselli, Ilaria; Beblavý, Miroslav;Zitatform
Maselli, Ilaria & Miroslav Beblavý (2015): The case for a European unemployment benefit scheme. (CEPS commentary), Brüssel, 4 S.
Abstract
"In this CEPS Commentary, Ilaria Maselli and Miroslav Beblavý argue that the European economic governance system needs to be equipped with a supranational automatic stabiliser that would kick-in automatically in the event of an economic downturn, to avoid unduly burdening national public finances. In their view, the option of creating an unemployment benefit system for the euro area should be given serious consideration. The possible variations of such a system and their implications will be the subject of in-depth study at CEPS over the coming year." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Unemployment insurance in unionized labor markets: neither Ghent nor centralized (2015)
Zitatform
Saha, David & Ronnie Schöb (2015): Unemployment insurance in unionized labor markets. Neither Ghent nor centralized. (CESifo working paper 5430), München, 25 S.
Abstract
"This paper analyzes unemployment insurance (UI) schemes in the presence of mobile workers and trade unions at industry or regional level that are capable of internalizing the effect of wage demands on UI contribution rates. We compare two types of existing UI systems. When UI is organized at trade union level (decentralized Ghent UI), trade unions strategically lower the benefit levels of their UI schemes to deter welfare recipients from other unions from entering their UI scheme, leading to a race to the bottom in UI provision. With centralized provision of UI, by contrast, trade unions do not fully account for the cost of higher wages as mobility allows them to partially shift the burden of unemployment to other UIs. A system of coordinated UI, combining a centrally set benefit level with decentralized funding as in Ghent UI systems, can circumvent both the strategic benefit setting and the fiscal externality problems, thus reconciling the equity and efficiency aims in the design of unemployment insurance." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen in: Empirica, Vol. 46, No. 2 (2019), S. 305-326 -
Literaturhinweis
Europäische Arbeitslosenversicherung: Die Diagnose stimmt, die Therapie nicht (2015)
Zitatform
Weber, Enzo (2015): Europäische Arbeitslosenversicherung: Die Diagnose stimmt, die Therapie nicht. In: IAB-Forum H. 2, S. 54-57., 2015-12-01. DOI:10.3278/IFO1502W054
Abstract
"Die nationalen Arbeitsmärkte in der Eurozone sind in den letzten Jahren konjunkturbedingt immer stärker auseinandergedriftet. Ein Vorschlag, um dieser Entwicklung entgegenzuwirken, ist die Einführung einer europäischen Arbeitslosenversicherung. Dies wäre indes ein massiver Eingriff in die Vielfalt der historisch gewachsenen nationalen Sozialsysteme. Ein finanzieller Ausgleich zwischen Staaten mit guter und schlechter Arbeitsmarktlage ließe sich ebenso gut - und mit weit geringeren Nebenwirkungen - über ein entsprechendes Budget auf europäischer Ebene erreichen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Wie sinnvoll ist eine europäische Arbeitslosenversicherung? (2015)
Zitatform
Weber, Enzo (2015): Wie sinnvoll ist eine europäische Arbeitslosenversicherung? In: Ökonomenstimme H. 02.02.2015, S. 1-1., 2015-02-02.
Abstract
"Die Idee einer gemeinsamen europäischen Arbeitslosenversicherung als Beitrag zur Stabilisierung Europas scheint attraktiv. Der gleiche Effekt ließe sich allerdings bereits über ein gemeinsames europäisches Budget erzielen, ohne eine neue Versicherung aufbauen zu müssen." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
Kostenlos verfügbar -
Literaturhinweis
Basic European unemployment insurance: the best way forward in strengthening the EMU's resilience and Europe's recovery (2014)
Andor, Laszlo;Zitatform
Andor, Laszlo (2014): Basic European unemployment insurance. The best way forward in strengthening the EMU's resilience and Europe's recovery. In: Intereconomics, Jg. 49, H. 4, S. 184-189. DOI:10.1007/s10272-014-0500-4
Abstract
"The recent European elections visibly strengthened Eurosceptic forces in various EU member states and penalised mainstream parties for incremental and largely contractionary responses to the long financial and economic crisis. There are some obvious conclusions the dominant and pro-European centre-left and centre-right groups need to draw from this experience. It is so crucial to understand that the divergence that has developed within the euro area between core and periphery is a threat to the existence of the single currency and to the stability of the EU as a whole. Consequently, there is a need for further strengthening of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) architecture, and in particular to strengthen its social dimension. Ideally, the next period should see a forward-looking, though limited, mechanism of solidarity that would strengthen people's and markets' confidence in Europe's monetary and political union" (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
An unemployment insurance scheme for the euro area: a simulation exercise of two options (2014)
Beblavý, Miroslav; Maselli, Ilaria;Zitatform
Beblavý, Miroslav & Ilaria Maselli (2014): An unemployment insurance scheme for the euro area. A simulation exercise of two options. (CEPS special report 98), Brüssel, 69 S.
Abstract
"This study offers an in-depth economic analysis of the two main proposals for the creation of a European unemployment insurance scheme. One proposes the creation of a harmonised European unemployment benefit scheme that would apply automatically to every eligible unemployed person. The alternative, here termed 'reinsurance', would transfer funds to national unemployment insurance schemes to finance benefits from the centre to the periphery when unemployment is measurably higher than normal.
The rationale behind these proposals is to set up an EU-level shock absorber to overcome coordination failures and the crisis-budget constraints of individual countries. The authors consider the possible trade-offs and challenges of, for example, the definition of the trigger, the fiscal rule and the harmonisation of national benefits. They conclude that while both options are viable, 'reinsurance' offers a stronger stabilisation effect for the same amount of European distribution." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
Time for some shock (absorption): reinsurance of national unemployment insurance should be a Commission priority (2014)
Beblavý, Miroslav; Maselli, Ilaria;Zitatform
Beblavý, Miroslav & Ilaria Maselli (2014): Time for some shock (absorption). Reinsurance of national unemployment insurance should be a Commission priority. (CEPS commentary), Brüssel, 2 S.
Abstract
"In presenting their priorities for the new European Commission, Miroslav Beblavý and Ilaria Maselli assert in this CEPS Commentary that the time has come to devise an EU-level shock absorption mechanism. In their view, the instrument that best aligns varying political and economic objectives is a form of reinsurance of national systems of unemployment insurance. The primary motivation for the reinsurance proposal is that it can have a substantial stabilising effect, especially in case of large shocks, and, at the same time, be politically realistic in terms of contributions, costs and administrative burdens." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Dynamic Social Security after the crisis: Towards a new welfare state? (2014)
Diamond, Patrick; Lodge, Guy;Zitatform
Diamond, Patrick & Guy Lodge (2014): Dynamic Social Security after the crisis. Towards a new welfare state? In: International social security review, Jg. 67, H. 3-4, S. 37-59. DOI:10.1111/issr.12047
Abstract
"The conservative bias in social attitudes to the welfare state is manifested in entrenched support among the public for traditional welfare and social security benefits, chiefly higher pension payments and public expenditure on health care. This pattern has been reinforced by the 2008 financial crisis and the Great Recession as public support for social protection strategies geared towards 'new' social risks - structural changes in labour markets, adverse demography, gender inequality, and family instability - has remained relatively weak. This pattern of resistance to change may hardly be surprising given that reforms are more often viewed by the public as a form of retrenchment with clear losers and few obvious beneficiaries. This underlines that political courage is rarely enough to achieve structural reforms of the welfare state. There will need to be clearly defined short-term and long-term objectives underpinned by a coherent rationale capable of persuading publics and citizens of the case for change if a more 'Dynamic' system of social security is to be enacted in the industrialized countries over the next 20 years." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
An unemployment insurance scheme for the euro area?: a comparison of different alternatives using micro data (2014)
Zitatform
Dolls, Mathias, Clemens Fuest, Dirk Neumann & Andreas Peichl (2014): An unemployment insurance scheme for the euro area? A comparison of different alternatives using micro data. (ZEW discussion paper 2014-095), Mannheim, 45 S.
Abstract
"We analyze different alternatives how a common unemployment insurance system for the euro area (EA) could be designed and assess their effectiveness to act as an insurance device in the presence of asymmetric macroeconomic shocks. Running counterfactual simulations based on micro data for the period 2000-13, we highlight and quantify the trade-o┐ between automatic stabilization effects and the degree of cross-country transfers. In the baseline, we focus on a non-contingent scheme covering short-term unemployment and find that it would have absorbed a significant fraction of the un- employment shock in the recent crisis. However, 5 member states of the EA18 would have been either a permanent net contributor or net recipient. Our results suggest that claw-back mechanisms and contingent benefits could limit the degree of cross-country redistribution, but might reduce desired insurance effects. We also discuss moral hazard issues at the level of individuals, the administration and economic policy." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The macroeconomic stabilisation impact of a European basic unemployment insurance scheme (2014)
Dullien, Sebastian;Zitatform
Dullien, Sebastian (2014): The macroeconomic stabilisation impact of a European basic unemployment insurance scheme. In: Intereconomics, Jg. 49, H. 4, S. 189-193. DOI:10.1007/s10272-014-0500-4
Abstract
"Since the onset of the euro crisis, the debate on fiscal stabilisers in Europe hast gained new momentum. Over recent years, the term 'fiscal capacity' for the euro-zone has popped up in a large number of official EU documents, including the European Commission's roadmap for a more compete monetary union and the 'four presidents' report' by the presidents of the European Council, the European Commission, the European Central Bank and the Eurogroup. At least in the interpretation of some observers, 'fiscal capacity' is understood as introducing automatic stabilisers at the European level. One of the often-mentioned options would be the introduction of a basic European unemployment insurance, which has been referred to in both of the above mentioned documents and which has been further elaborated in the European commission's concept for the 'Social Dimension of EMU'. This article discusses the idea of such a European basic unemployment insurance, its potential macroeconomic stabilisation benefits, and the main unresolved issues of such a proposal. To this end, first the basic mechanism of such an insurance scheme is described in detail. In a second step, a simulation of macroeconomic effects is presented under different assumptions. The final section outlines open questions and political corners about such an insurance system." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
A European unemployment benefit scheme: how to provide for more stability in the Euro zone (2014)
Dullien, Sebastian;Zitatform
Dullien, Sebastian (2014): A European unemployment benefit scheme. How to provide for more stability in the Euro zone. Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung, 143 S.
Abstract
"The recent euro crisis and the dramatic increase of unemployment in some euro countries have triggered a renewed interest in a fiscal capacity for the European Union to stabilize the economy of its member states. One of the proposed instruments is a common European unemployment insurance. In this book Sebastian Dullien from the HTW Berlin provides and evaluates a blueprint for such a scheme. Building on lessons from the unemployment insurance in the United States of America, he outlines how a European unemployment benefit scheme could be constructed to provide significant stabilization to national business cycles, yet without strongly extending social protection in Europe. Macroeconomic stabilization effects and payment flows between countries are simulated and options, potential pitfalls and existing concerns discussed." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Eine Arbeitslosenversicherung für den Euroraum als automatischer Stabilisator: Grenzen und Möglichkeiten (2014)
Dullien, Sebastian; Ochmann, Richard; Fichtner, Ferdinand; Jansen, Max; Haan, Peter; Tomasch, Erik; Jaeger, Laslo;Zitatform
Dullien, Sebastian, Ferdinand Fichtner, Peter Haan, Laslo Jaeger, Max Jansen, Richard Ochmann & Erik Tomasch (2014): Eine Arbeitslosenversicherung für den Euroraum als automatischer Stabilisator. Grenzen und Möglichkeiten. (DIW Berlin. Politikberatung kompakt 86), Berlin, 119 S.
Abstract
"Die vorliegende Studie analysiert die makroökonomischen Stabilisierungs- und mikroökonomischen Verteilungswirkungen der Einführung einer Europäischen Arbeitslosenversicherung. Auf Grundlage dynamischer makroökonomischer Simulationen wird gezeigt, dass ein solches Transfersystem innerhalb des Euroraums - je nach Ausgestaltung - zu einer merklichen Stabilisierung der wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung geführt hätte. Dies gilt selbst für eine gemessen am Transferumfang relativ kleine Europäische Arbeitslosenversicherung mit einer maximalen Bezugszeit von sechs Monaten und einer Nettoersatzquote von 30 Prozent; mit größerem Leistungsumfang steigt die Stabilisierungswirkung, aber im Gegenzug auch die möglicherweise unerwünschten Wirkungen auf Arbeitsanreize und das Ausmaß der Umverteilung zwischen den Mitgliedsländern. Die Verteilungswirkungen dürften insgesamt aus politischer Sicht unproblematisch sein; tendenziell finden sich leicht progressive bis neutrale Effekte auf die Einkommensverteilung, Haushalte mit niedrigeren Einkommen profitieren also überproportional von der Einführung einer Europäischen Arbeitslosenversicherung." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Eine Europäische Arbeitslosenversicherung als Stabilisator für die Euro-Zone (2014)
Dullien, Sebastian;Zitatform
Dullien, Sebastian (2014): Eine Europäische Arbeitslosenversicherung als Stabilisator für die Euro-Zone. (WISO direkt), Bonn, 4 S.
Abstract
"Eine europäische Basisarbeitslosenversicherung könnte künftig dazu beitragen, nationale Booms in der Euro-Zone zu dämpfen und Krisen abzufedern. Unter diesem Vorschlag würden alle abhängig Beschäftigten in einen europäischen Topf einzahlen und bei Arbeitslosigkeit Zahlungen aus dem Fonds erhalten; die nationalen Kassen würden so in der Rezession entlastet und die Wirtschaft gestützt. Hätte es eine solche Versicherung schon 2008 gegeben, wäre der Wirtschaftseinbruch in einzelnen Euro-Ländern um bis zu einem Viertel geringer ausgefallen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
A joint unemployment insurance for the European Economic and Monetary Union? (2014)
Eichhorst, Werner; Wozny, Florian;Zitatform
Eichhorst, Werner & Florian Wozny (2014): A joint unemployment insurance for the European Economic and Monetary Union? (IZA policy paper 92), Bonn, 24 S.
Abstract
"More and more policy makers tend to declare that the loss of exchange rate adjustments within the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) has to be compensated by an increase in fiscal policy. A joint unemployment insurance is seen as one opportunity. After comparing a basic design with a 'kicking-in' style unemployment insurance, we recommend the latter as it captures the main motivation of such a transnational transfer mechanism, combating credit market constraints." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))