Corona und Care – zur Aufteilung von Erwerbs- und Sorgearbeit in den Familien
Welche Auswirkungen hat die Corona-Krise auf die Verteilung von Erwerbs- und Sorgearbeit in Deutschland? Ist in den Familien mit einer Rückkehr zu alten Rollenmustern zwischen den Geschlechtern zu rechnen? Die sogenannte "Retraditionalisierungsthese" von Jutta Allmendinger wird seit Beginn der Corona-Krise diskutiert. Mittlerweile zeigen zahlreiche Studien bezüglich der Rollenverteilung ein differenziertes Bild.
Die Infoplattform bietet einen Überblick zu den Studien und deren Ergebnissen.
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Literaturhinweis
The gender division of unpaid care work throughout the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany (2022)
Zitatform
Jessen, Jonas, C. Katharina Spieß, Sevrin Waights & Katharina Wrohlich (2022): The gender division of unpaid care work throughout the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. In: German Economic Review, Jg. 23, H. 4, S. 641-667. DOI:10.1515/ger-2022-0003
Abstract
"The COVID-19 pandemic and related closures of day care centres and schools significantly increased the amount of care work done by parents. There has been much speculation over whether the pandemic increased or decreased gender equality in parental care work. Based on representative data for Germany from spring 2020 and winter 2021 we present an empirical analysis that shows that although gender inequality in the division of care work increased to some extent in the beginning of the pandemic, it returned to the pre-pandemic level in the second lockdown almost nine months later. These results suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic neither aggravated nor lessened inequality in the division of unpaid care work among mothers and fathers in any persistent way in Germany." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © De Gruyter) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Women deserve better: A discussion on COVID-19 and the gendered organization in the new economy (2022)
Zitatform
Johnson, Simisola (2022): Women deserve better: A discussion on COVID-19 and the gendered organization in the new economy. In: Gender, work & organization, Jg. 29, H. 2, S. 639-649. DOI:10.1111/gwao.12785
Abstract
"It is often thought that large-scale shocks to society (e.g., war, epidemics, financial collapses etc) equalize societal inequalities, however, we have witnessed a one-in-century pandemic (and the economic downturn it has triggered), widen rather than narrow an enduring global injustice: gendered organizations. With women bearing the brunt of school closures, mass lay-offs and increase in care duties due to lockdowns, racialized women at increased risk of COVID exposure due to essential worker status, and men reaping the benefits of rapid, technological transformations of the economy—largely amplified by pandemic disruptions—it appears that white, masculine bodies and abilities in the workforce are inoculated from the perils of disaster. Equality matters, especially in times of crisis. Following this idea, the author draws on Joan Acker's “ideal worker” concept to demonstrate how pandemic disparities in the workforce are challenging organizational practices, expectations, and experiences worldwide to evolve. This article concludes with a call for workplace policy reforms as a means to advance gender parity goals, as it is critical to achieving organizational inclusivity, and overall, a thriving society and economy post-pandemic." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Arbeit und Familie im Lockdown: Rolle rückwärts für Frauen? (Interview) (2022)
Zitatform
Keitel, Christiane, Jutta Winters, Claudia Globisch & Michael Oberfichtner; Claudia Globisch & Michael Oberfichtner (sonst. bet. Pers.) (2022): Arbeit und Familie im Lockdown: Rolle rückwärts für Frauen? (Interview). In: IAB-Forum H. 08.03.2022 Nürnberg, 2022-03-02. DOI:10.48720/IAB.FOO.20220308.01
Abstract
"Die Covid-19-Pandemie legte im Frühjahr 2020 das öffentliche Leben lahm. Schulen und Kitas schlossen. Viele Frauen und Männer verlagerten ihre Arbeit ins Homeoffice oder wechselten in Kurzarbeit. Um die Auswirkungen dieser nie dagewesenen Ausnahmesituation wissenschaftlich zu begleiten, rief das IAB mehrere Befragungen ins Leben. Zwei hieraus entstandene IAB-Kurzberichte beleuchten die Folgen des ersten Lockdowns für Familien mit Kindern unter zwölf Jahren. Aus Anlass des internationalen Frauentages fragt die Forum-Redaktion bei Claudia Globisch und Michael Oberfichtner nach der Rollenverteilung zwischen Müttern und Vätern in der Pandemie." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Keitel, Christiane; Globisch, Claudia; Winters, Jutta; Oberfichtner, Michael ;Ähnliche Treffer
also released in English -
Literaturhinweis
Führung neu denken – Das Corona-Homeoffice als Gelegenheitsstruktur für (Führungs-)Karrieren von Frauen (2022)
Kneip, Veronika; Graml, Regine; Voigt, Martina;Zitatform
Kneip, Veronika, Regine Graml & Martina Voigt (2022): Führung neu denken – Das Corona-Homeoffice als Gelegenheitsstruktur für (Führungs-)Karrieren von Frauen. In: Zeitschrift für Diversitätsforschung und -management, Jg. 7, H. 2, S. 220-233. DOI:10.3224/zdfm.v7i2.11
Abstract
"Das Corona-Homeoffice kann als Gelegenheitsstruktur für Karriere und Führungsbeteiligung von Frauen angesehen werden, die durch neue materielle (Aufbau digitaler Infrastruktur) und soziale (gesellschaftliche Akzeptanz) Rahmenbedingungen gekennzeichnet ist. Es ermöglicht Flexibilisierung, was insbesondere Menschen mit Sorgeverpflichtungen erweiterte Optionen für Rollenvielfalt eröffnet. Führen aus dem Homeoffice erfordert außerdem neue Führungsarchitekturen und -kommunikation. Inwieweit die hierdurch entstehenden Chancen genutzt werden können, wird von einem entsprechenden Wandel in der Unternehmenskultur sowie einer neuen Verteilung der Sorgearbeit im privaten Bereich abhängen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Workin' moms ain' t doing so bad: Evidence on the gender gap in working hours during COVID-19 (2022)
Zitatform
Knize, Veronika, Lina Tobler, Bernhard Christoph, Lukas Fervers & Marita Jacob (2022): Workin' moms ain' t doing so bad. Evidence on the gender gap in working hours during COVID-19. In: Journal of Family Research, Jg. 34, H. 1, S. 161-192., 2021-07-21. DOI:10.20377/jfr-714
Abstract
"Fragestellung: Wir analysieren die Entwicklung der Arbeitszeit von Männern und Frauen mit und ohne Kinder in der Anfangsphase der COVID-19 Krise in Deutschland. Dabei vergleichen wir Arbeitsstunden vor und nach dem Lockdown im Frühjahr 2020. Hintergrund: Der Ausbruch von COVID-19 in Europa führte zu einem erheblichen Rückgang ökonomischer Aktivitäten, der mit einer temporären Schließung von Schulen und Kindertagesstätten einherging. Die in der Folge eingetretenen Arbeitszeitveränderungen in der Anfangsphase der Pandemie und während des Sommers 2020 könnten dabei zu den Ungleichheiten zwischen Männern und Frauen bzw. Vätern und Müttern beitragen. Methode: Wir verwenden einen Paneldatensatz des IAB mit monatlich erhobenen Befragungswellen (das IAB-HOPP) dessen Befragungsdaten mit Registerdaten der Bundesagentur für Arbeit verknüpft wurden. Wir schätzen Regressionsmodelle mit der Arbeitszeitdifferenz (vor der Krise vs. jeweiliger Erhebungszeitpunkten) als abhängiger Variable und mit Geschlecht, Elternschaft, und der Art der Kinderbetreuung als unabhängigen Variablen. Ergebnisse: Während des Lockdowns im Frühjahr beobachten wir eine vergleichbare Reduktion der Arbeitsstunden für Männer und Frauen. Bis zum Sommer 2020 kehrt allerdings nur die Arbeitszeit der Frauen zu ihrem Vorkrisenniveau zurück. Besonders überraschend ist, dass für Mütter die Elternschaft die Rückkehr zur ursprünglichen Arbeitszeit beschleunigt, für Väter hingegen nicht. Entsprechend hat sich der Arbeitszeitumfang der Väter am Ende unseres Beobachtungszeitraums nicht im gleichen Umfang erholt wie derjenige der Mütter. Schlussfolgerung: Unsere Ergebnisse stellen Befürchtungen hinsichtlich einer im Zuge der COVID-19 Krise erfolgten zeitweisen oder möglicherweise sogar dauerhaften Re-Traditionalisierung der Geschlechterrollen in Frage" (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Auswirkungen der Covid-19-Pandemie auf informell Pflegende in Europa. Ergebnisse einer Befragung (2022)
Lamura, Giovanni; Socci, Marco; Quattrini, Sabrina; Santini, Sara; Yghemonos, Stecy; Rosa, Mirko Di;Zitatform
Lamura, Giovanni, Sabrina Quattrini, Sara Santini, Mirko Di Rosa, Stecy Yghemonos & Marco Socci (2022): Auswirkungen der Covid-19-Pandemie auf informell Pflegende in Europa. Ergebnisse einer Befragung. In: WSI-Mitteilungen, Jg. 75, H. 5, S. 394-400. DOI:10.5771/0342-300X-2022-5-394
Abstract
"In dem Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse einer Online-Umfrage informeller Pflegepersonen in Europa vorgestellt. Ziel dieser Studie, die von Eurocarers in Zusammenarbeit mit dem italienischen National Institute of Health and Science on Ageing (INRCA IRCCS) gefördert wurde, war es zu analysieren, wie sich der Covid-19-Ausbruch auf die Bedingungen informeller Pflegekräfte auswirkte, und die Wünsche dieser Pflegepersonen hinsichtlich einer besseren Unterstützung in Pandemiezeiten zu erheben. Die Gelegenheitsstichprobe umfasste 2468 Betreuer aus 17 Ländern, wobei die meisten Befragten aus Tschechien, Estland, Finnland, Deutschland, Italien, Portugal und Schweden antworteten. Aus den Ergebnissen können Handlungsempfehlungen in verschiedenen Bereichen abgeleitet werden: ein ausgewogener Zugang von pflegenden Angehörigen zum Arbeitsmarkt (z. B. durch Anerkennung ihrer Betreuungskompetenzen) ; Stärkung der Strategien zur Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Privatleben ; Sicherstellung von Rentengutschriften auf der Grundlage von Pflegezeiten ; Förderung integrierter Dienste und Informationen ; Einbindung informeller Pflegekräfte als Mitgestalter von Fördermaßnahmen, auch durch nutzerfreundliche digitale Lösungen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Resources of families adapting the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: A mixed-method study of coping strategies and family and child outcomes (2022)
Langmeyer, Alexandra N. ; Pötter, Ulrich; Guglhör-Rudan, Angelika ; Winklhofer, Ursula ; Naab, Thorsten ; Chabursky, Sophia ;Zitatform
Langmeyer, Alexandra N., Angelika Guglhör-Rudan, Ursula Winklhofer, Sophia Chabursky, Thorsten Naab & Ulrich Pötter (2022): Resources of families adapting the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: A mixed-method study of coping strategies and family and child outcomes. In: Journal of Family Research, Jg. 34, H. 1, S. 333-366. DOI:10.20377/jfr-708
Abstract
"Objective: The aim of the present work is to analyse families’ coping with the COVID-19 pandemic depending on available resources by examining the family as a cohesive system. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected families in several ways, with many studies reporting a decreased well-being of children and parents. How families cope with the new situation is dependent on family resources and personal resources. Method: A mixed-method approach combines data from an online survey (N = 11,512) and complementary qualitative interviews. The study was conducted in spring 2020 during the initial COVID-19 lockdown in Germany. The study analyses how familial and individual resources affect the family climate and child well-being. Results: The study uncovered that although structural conditions, processes within the family, and individual ressources, especially the mothers working situation, are relevant for the COVID-19 experience. Family processes are the essential factor for positive family well-being. However, these processes meet their limits if the pre-existing conditions in the families are unfavorable. Nonetheless, children are also capable of developing their coping strategies. Conclusion: Future studies should examine families and their available resources as a whole system and include the children’s perspective." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Who suffered most? Parental stress and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany (2022)
Zitatform
Li, Jianghong, Mareike Bünning, Till Kaiser & Lena Hipp (2022): Who suffered most? Parental stress and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. In: Journal of Family Research, Jg. 34, H. 1, S. 281-309. DOI:10.20377/jfr-704
Abstract
"Objective: This study examines gender and socioeconomic inequalities in parental psychological wellbeing (parenting stress and psychological distress) during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. Background: The dramatic shift of childcare and schooling responsibility from formal institutions to private households during the pandemic has put families under enormous stress and raised concerns about caregivers' health and wellbeing. Despite the overwhelming media attention to families’ wellbeing, to date limited research has examined parenting stress and parental psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in Germany. Method: We analyzed four waves of panel data (N= 1,771) from an opt-in online survey, which was conducted between March 2020 and April 2021. Multivariable OLS regressions were used to estimate variations in the pandemic's effects on parenting stress and psychological distress by various demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Results: Overall, levels of parenting stress and psychological distress increased during the pandemic. During the first and third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, mothers, parents with children younger than 11 years, parents with two or more children, parents working from home as well as parents with financial insecurity experienced higher parenting stress than other sociodemographic groups. Moreover, women, respondents with lower incomes, single parents, and parents with younger children experienced higher levels of psychological distress than other groups. Conclusion: Gender and socioeconomic inequalities in parents' psychological wellbeing increased among the study participants during the pandemic." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Stand der Gleichstellung von Frauen und Männern in Deutschland (2022)
Zitatform
Lott, Yvonne, Dietmar Hobler, Svenja Pfahl & Eugen Unrau (2022): Stand der Gleichstellung von Frauen und Männern in Deutschland. (WSI-Report 72), Düsseldorf, 49 S.
Abstract
"Wie ist der Stand der Gleichstellung von Frauen und Männern auf dem Arbeitsmarkt in Deutschland? Und wie hat sich der Stand der Gleichstellung entwickelt? Anhand zentraler Indikatoren auf Basis des WSI GenderDatenPortals (www.wsi.de/ genderdatenportal) liefert der vorliegende Report eine knappe und zusammenfassende Übersicht über den aktuellen Stand der Geschlechtergleichstellung in Deutschland mit einem Fokus auf den Arbeitsmarkt. Die Analysen zeigen, dass sich positive Trends vor allem bei der Erwerbsbeteiligung und den Einkommen von Frauen fortgesetzt haben. Bei der Mitbestimmung und den Arbeitszeiten baut sich Geschlechterungleichheit zwar ab, aber nur sehr langsam und in sehr kleinen Schritten. Bei der Aufteilung der Kinderbetreuung und der vertikalen Segregation des Arbeitsmarktes stagniert die Geschlechterungleichheit jedoch auf hohem Niveau." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Parents' Work Arrangements and Time Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic (2022)
Zitatform
Lyttelton, Thomas, Emma Zang & Kelly Musick (2022): Parents' Work Arrangements and Time Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic. (SocArXiv papers), 28 S. DOI:10.31235/osf.io/xc9mw
Abstract
"Objective: This study uses time diaries to examine how work arrangements shaped mothers’ and fathers’ time use at home and work during the COVID-19 pandemic. Background: The pandemic transformed home and work life for parents, disrupting employment and childcare. The shift to work from home offered more flexibility than the workplace to manage increased care burdens, but the lack of separation between work and family also likely contributed to more challenging work environments, especially among mothers. Method: This study relies on representative data from the 2017-2020 American Time Use Survey and matching to estimate changes in time use among parents working from home and the workplace in the pandemic relative to equivalent pre-pandemic parents. Results: Data showed no increase among working parents in activities in which childcare was the primary focus. Parents working from home during the pandemic, however, spent substantially more time on supervisory childcare, particularly in combination with paid work, and housework. Mothers working from home also changed their paid work schedules. Conclusion: Parents working from home responded to childcare demands through multitasking and schedule changes, especially mothers, with potential negative effects on work quality and stress. Parents in the workplace during the pandemic experienced smaller changes in time use, suggesting little flexibility to accommodate changes in family life. Implications: The pandemic has generated new inequalities between those with and without the flexibility to work from home, and potentially exacerbated gender inequalities among those working from home." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The significance of occupations, family responsibilities, and gender for working from home: Lessons from COVID-19 (2022)
Zitatform
Minkus, Lara, Nicolai Groepler & Sonja Drobnic (2022): The significance of occupations, family responsibilities, and gender for working from home: Lessons from COVID-19. In: PLoS ONE, Jg. 17, H. 6. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0266393
Abstract
"Before the pandemic, many employers were hesitant to offer their employees the option of working from home. However, remote working has been widely adopted during the pandemic as one of the key methods of controlling the spread of the virus. The measure encountered a widespread acceptance and it is likely that the demand for work from home as a flexible work arrangement will persist also after the pandemic has ended. Although numerous studies have addressed the role of remote work during this crisis, as of yet we lack thorough research jointly addressing the question on how occupations/job characteristics on the one hand and family/household responsibilities on the other are associated with the propensity of working from home, and how gender cuts across those aspects. Using the COVID-19 survey of the German Family Panel (pairfam), covering the peak of the first wave of the pandemic in 2020, together with information from pairfam panel waves conducted before the pandemic, as well as a special evaluation of the 2019 German Labor Force Survey, we are able to address this gap. Employing linear probability models on a sample of 1,414 men (N = 641) and women (N = 773), our results show that occupational traits, especially the gender composition of an occupation, are an important predictor for working from home. Women employed in female-dominated occupations are less often in a position to work from home. Furthermore, our study confirms that it is particularly the highly educated, as well as those who work in high-prestige occupations, who are able to work from home. Family configurations and care obligations are less influential upon the transition to homeworking, even in times of an unprecedented situation of school and daycare closures and increased parental responsibilities for children's (early) education." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Children, care time, career priority - What matters for junior scientists’ productivity and career perspective during the COVID-19 pandemic? (2022)
Zitatform
Muschalla, Beate, Anke Sondhof & Ulrike Wrobel (2022): Children, care time, career priority - What matters for junior scientists’ productivity and career perspective during the COVID-19 pandemic? In: Work. A Journal of Prevention, Assessment and Rehabilitation, Jg. 72, H. 2, S. 391-397. DOI:10.3233/WOR-211230
Abstract
"Background: The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic brought about restrictions, additional workload, insecurity, or need for inventing new routines for professionals worldwide. The pandemic and its restrictions have been discussed as a career shock. OBJECTIVE: Adding knowledge to this, our study investigated the academic and family (care) situation of young scientists in a German technical university. METHODS: We conducted an online survey including young scientists from a technical university in Germany in April 2021. 346 participants (mean age 33 years, 37% women) gave self-ratings on academic and life situation during the pandemic year, care work, preferences for scientific career and family life. RESULTS: Family and career were independent priorities (r = 0.021, p = 0.676). Two thirds (68%) of the young scientists reported no deterioration in scientific outcome during the pandefmic year. But, care times and number of children impacted negatively on scientific productivity in terms of publications. This was true for both women and men. CONCLUSIONS: Young scientists need individual support for their career perspective, according to their concrete career level and life situation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The division of child care during the coronavirus crisis in Germany: How did short-time work affect fathers' engagement? (2022)
Zitatform
Naujoks, Tabea, Michaela Kreyenfeld & Sandra Dummert (2022): The division of child care during the coronavirus crisis in Germany: How did short-time work affect fathers' engagement? In: Journal of Family Research, Jg. 34, H. 1, S. 67-98., 2021-08-16. DOI:10.20377/jfr-717
Abstract
"Objective: This paper examines how participation in the short-time work scheme affected the gendered division of child care during the COVID-19 crisis in Germany. Background: Short-time work (Kurzarbeit) has been one of the main policies used to combat the economic and labour market repercussions of the coronavirus pandemic in Germany. We examine whether and, if so, how the growing prevalence of short-time work has affected care patterns. Method: We use data from the IAB-HOPP, a longitudinal study monitored by the German Institute for Employment Research (IAB). The analytical sample includes couples with children aged 12 and younger. We employ multinomial logistic regressions in which the outcome variable is the change in the division of care work from a period before to a period during the coronavirus crisis (June to October 2020). Results: We find that among men, receiving short-time work benefits resulted in more gender-equal care patterns. The positive effect of short-time work on the division of child care is moderated by the level of education. Fathers with low or medium education are more likely to increase their child care share when receiving short-time work benefits compared to fathers with high education. However, we also find that participating in the short-time work programme had no strong or significant effects on the gendered division of care among women. Conclusion: The evidence from this study suggests that men’s working time is a major vehicle to change the gendered division of care in couple households." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and unpaid care work on informal workers' livelihoods (2022)
Ogando, Ana Carolina; Moussié, Rachel; Rogan, Michael;Zitatform
Ogando, Ana Carolina, Michael Rogan & Rachel Moussié (2022): Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and unpaid care work on informal workers' livelihoods. In: International Labour Review, Jg. 161, H. 2, S. 171-194. DOI:10.1111/ilr.12332
Abstract
"The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a health, economic and care crisis affecting all workers, including those in the informal economy. This article uses data from the first round of a mixed-methods longitudinal study conducted in June/July 2020 by Women in Informal Employment: Globalizing and Organizing in partnership with informal workers' organizations in 12 cities. It assesses the impacts of the multidimensional crisis on care responsibilities and the resulting effects on livelihoods and food security. A gendered analysis of paid work and unpaid care work sheds light on the unique features of the impacts of the current “pandemic recession” on the world's informal labour force." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Who Is Doing the Chores and Childcare in Dual-Earner Couples during the COVID-19 Era of Working from Home? (2022)
Zitatform
Pabilonia, Sabrina Wulff & Victoria Vernon (2022): Who Is Doing the Chores and Childcare in Dual-Earner Couples during the COVID-19 Era of Working from Home? (IZA discussion paper 15118), Bonn, 61 S.
Abstract
"In 2020, parents' work-from-home days increased fourfold following the initial COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period compared to 2015–2019. At the same time, many daycares closed, and the majority of public schools offered virtual or hybrid classrooms, increasing the demand for household-provided childcare. Using time diaries from American Time Use Survey (ATUS) and looking at parents in dual-earner couples, we examine parents' weekday workday time allocated to paid work, chores, and childcare in the COVID-19 era by the couple's joint work location arrangements. We determine the work location of the ATUS respondent directly from their diary and proxy the partner's work-from-home status using the share of workers reporting work from home in their occupation. When their partners worked on-site, mothers and fathers working from home spent more time on childcare, especially mothers, compared to those on-site; fathers spent more time on household chores. However, only mothers' total unpaid and paid work burden was higher. In the fall, fathers working from home worked substantially fewer paid hours and spent even more time on household production. When both parents worked from home compared to both worked on-site, mothers and fathers working from home worked roughly equally fewer paid hours and did more secondary childcare, though fathers did more household production, suggesting they shared the increased work burden resulting from the pandemic more equally. However, in the fall, only mothers did more childcare when both worked from home. We also find that mothers spread their work throughout the day when working from home." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Erwerbs- und Familienarbeit im Homeoffice? Innerfamiliale Arbeitsteilung in der Corona-Krise auf dem Prüfstand (2022)
Zitatform
Peukert, Almut, Miriam Beblo, Laura Lüth & Katharina Zimmermann (2022): Erwerbs- und Familienarbeit im Homeoffice? Innerfamiliale Arbeitsteilung in der Corona-Krise auf dem Prüfstand. In: Sozialer Fortschritt, Jg. 71, H. 1, S. 29-51. DOI:10.3790/sfo.71.1.29
Abstract
"Mit der COVID-19-Pandemie scheinen sich soziale Ungleichheiten zu verschärfen, sowohl weltweit als auch zwischen den Geschlechtern. In Bezug auf die innerfamiliale Arbeitsteilung werden unterschiedliche Thesen diskutiert – das Risiko der Retraditionalisierung auf der einen und die Chance der Modernisierung auf der anderen Seite. In diesem Beitrag verbinden und systematisieren wir die verschiedenen Stränge des wissenschaftlichen Diskurses und die heterogene empirische Studienlage zu innerfamilialer Arbeitsteilung und Geschlechter(un)gleichheiten. Vor dem Hintergrund orts- und zeitflexiblen Arbeitens im digitalen Homeoffice und sozialstaatlicher Interventionen schlussfolgern wir v. a. ein Sichtbarwerden vorhandener Ungleichheiten in der innerfamilialen Arbeitsteilung sowie eine Gleichzeitigkeit beider Entwicklungen – nämlich Modernisierungsstreben im Großen, trotz einiger Verharrungskräfte im Kleinen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Managing uncertainty: Lone parents' time horizons and agency in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic (2022)
Zitatform
Sánchez-Mira, Núria, Benjamin Moles-Kalt & Laura Bernardi (2022): Managing uncertainty: Lone parents' time horizons and agency in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. In: Journal of Family Research, Jg. 34, H. 1, S. 458-487. DOI:10.20377/jfr-696
Abstract
"Objective: This article shows the analytical value of an approach that integrates theoretical elaborations about the temporal orientations of different types of agency (pragmatic, identity, and life course) and uncertainty management, to analyse how families dealt with the challenges emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic. Background: The pandemic has been a major shock that has seriously challenged families' ability to adapt to sudden changes affecting multiple domains of life. Switzerland established a low-intensity lockdown in the spring of 2020, with social-distancing measures based on official recommendations. Changes in employment situations and school closures resulted in significant alterations to family life. This study examines how individuals with a trajectory of lone parenthood dealt with the increased uncertainties generated by this novel context. Method: Empirical data stems from the fourth wave of fieldwork of the longitudinal project "The multiple paths of lone parenthood", ongoing in French-speaking Switzerland since 2012–2013. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 26 participants between April and June 2020. Results: The emergence of novel situations, the ambiguity of social-distancing measures, and the breakdown of routines accentuated pragmatic agency for most families. With the chronification of uncertainty, parents sought to regain identity agency by restabilising everyday routines. Uncertainty about future developments diminished life course agency, especially for parents in more insecure situations. Conclusion: The study offers an original perspective on the challenges of living through increased uncertainty and changing environments triggered by the pandemic, by highlighting the relevance of temporalities for understanding agency within life course processes." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Childcare, work or worries? What explains the decline in parents' well-being at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany? (2022)
Zitatform
Vicari, Basha, Gundula Zoch & Ann-Christin Bächmann (2022): Childcare, work or worries? What explains the decline in parents' well-being at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany? In: Journal of Family Research, Jg. 34, H. 1, S. 310-332., 2021-12-10. DOI:10.20377/jfr-707
Abstract
"We examine how care arrangements, general and altered working conditions, and worries influenced subjective well-being at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic for working parents in Germany. Prior research suggests several reasons for declines in subjective well-being, particularly for working mothers. We employ Pearlin's (1989) stress process model to explore the role of parental childcare, altered working conditions and amplified worries of working parents in terms of increased stressors and modified resources to cope with the extraordinary situation. We use data from two starting cohorts from the National Educational Panel Study and its supplementary COVID-19 web survey from spring 2020 to examine possible heterogeneities in contextual factors for individual-level changes in the well-being of working mothers and fathers. We confirm a more pronounced decline in well-being for working mothers than fathers. Part-time work and access to emergency care reduce the gender gap in decreased well-being. Conversely, young children in the household and personal worries are associated with lower well-being for both parents. However, we cannot explain the more significant decrease in mothers’ well-being by increased childcare responsibilities or altered working conditions. A greater decline in well-being indicates a particular burden among working mothers. However, it cannot be linked solely to gendered inequalities in the changes of paid and unpaid work during the first months of the pandemic." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Krankheits- und quarantänebedingte Arbeitsausfälle legen in der vierten und fünften Welle der Pandemie deutlich zu (Serie "Corona-Krise: Folgen für den Arbeitsmarkt") (2022)
Zitatform
Wanger, Susanne & Enzo Weber (2022): Krankheits- und quarantänebedingte Arbeitsausfälle legen in der vierten und fünften Welle der Pandemie deutlich zu (Serie "Corona-Krise: Folgen für den Arbeitsmarkt"). In: IAB-Forum H. 21.03.2022 Nürnberg, 2022-03-14. DOI:10.48720/IAB.FOO.20220321.01
Abstract
"Bereits die ersten Wellen der Covid-19-Pandemie führten nicht nur zu erheblichen nachfragebedingten Arbeitsausfällen aufgrund von Kurzarbeit, sondern auch zu Arbeitsausfällen bei den Beschäftigten durch Schul- und Kitaschließungen, einen erhöhten Krankenstand und Quarantänemaßnahmen. Auch die vierte und fünfte Welle der Pandemie hat mit immer neuen Höchstständen an Inzidenzen beträchtliche Arbeitsausfälle zur Folge. Hauptgrund sind Quarantäneanordnungen und ein erhöhter Krankenstand." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
For better or worse: How more flexibility in working time arrangements and parental leave experiences affect fathers' working and childcare hours in Germany (2022)
Zitatform
Wanger, Susanne & Ines Zapf (2022): For better or worse: How more flexibility in working time arrangements and parental leave experiences affect fathers' working and childcare hours in Germany. In: Journal of Family Research, Jg. 34, H. 2, S. 582-614., 2021-10-21. DOI:10.20377/jfr-644
Abstract
"In dieser Studie untersuchen wir den Einfluss von flexiblen Arbeitszeitregelungen und Elternzeiterfahrungen auf die tatsächlichen Arbeits- und Kinderbetreuungszeiten von Männern. Viele Väter möchten mehr Zeit mit ihren Kindern verbringen und aktiv am Familienleben teilnehmen, aber die meisten arbeiten nach der Geburt eines Kindes noch mehr Stunden als zuvor. Zur besseren Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Familie könnte die Möglichkeit flexibler Arbeitszeitregelungen für Väter eine entscheidende Rolle spielen, auch um sich stärker in die Kinderbetreuung einzubringen. Anhand von Längsschnittdaten des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) untersuchen wir den Zusammenhang zwischen flexiblen Arbeitszeitregelungen, Elternzeiterfahrungen, Arbeitszeiten und Kinderbetreuungszeiten. Basierend auf Daten zwischen 2013 und 2019 wurden Panel-Regressionsmodelle geschätzt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass der Wechsel von festen zu flexiblen Arbeitszeitregelungen zu einer Erhöhung der Arbeitszeit bei Männern und Vätern führt. Diese längeren Arbeitszeiten gehen bei Vätern mit einer Verkürzung des Zeitaufwands für Kinderbetreuungsaktivitäten einher, wenn auf flexible Arbeitszeitregelungen umgestellt wird. Väter mit Elternzeiterfahrung zeigen jedoch eine veränderte Zeitnutzung, wenn sie zu flexiblen Arbeitszeiten wechseln. Flexible Arbeitszeitregelungen erweisen sich für Väter als ambivalent: Einerseits bieten sie Vätern neue Spielräume, andererseits führen sie aufgrund traditioneller Rollenmodelle zu längeren Arbeitszeiten und damit weniger Beteiligung an der Kinderbetreuung; aber Elternzeiterfahrungen machen einen Unterschied, was die Bedeutung dieser Regelungen für Väter betont." (Autorenreferat, © University of Bamberg Press)
Ähnliche Treffer
früher (möglw. abweichend) erschienen als: IAB-Discussion Paper