Arbeitslos – Gesundheit los – chancenlos?
Gesundheitlich eingeschränkte Arbeitnehmerinnen und Arbeitnehmer tragen ein höheres Risiko, entlassen zu werden, und sie bleiben überdurchschnittlich lange arbeitslos. Zudem kann Arbeitslosigkeit gesundheitliche Probleme auslösen oder verstärken. Auch die wahrgenommene Unsicherheit des eigenen Arbeitsplatzes hat bereits deutlich negative Auswirkungen auf die Gesundheit.
Dieses Themendossier bietet Informationen zum Zusammenhang von Arbeitslosigkeit und Gesundheit. Im Filter „Autorenschaft“ können Sie auf IAB-(Mit-)Autorenschaft eingrenzen.
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Literaturhinweis
Erwerbsarbeit erfüllt wichtige psychologische Funktionen (2022)
Zitatform
Bähr, Sebastian & Matthias Collischon (2022): Erwerbsarbeit erfüllt wichtige psychologische Funktionen. In: IAB-Forum H. 07.09.2022 Nürnberg, 2022-08-08. DOI:10.48720/IAB.FOO.20220907.01
Abstract
"Erwerbsarbeit dient nicht nur der Erzielung von Einkommen. Sie erfüllt auch wichtige psychologische Funktionen, die sich wiederum auf das mentale Wohlbefinden auswirken. Eine neue IAB-Studie zeigt, wie stark sich latente (psychologische) Funktionen der Arbeit zwischen Erwerbstätigen und Arbeitslosen unterscheiden. Demnach sind Arbeitslose in allen betrachteten Dimensionen gegenüber Erwerbstätigen im Nachteil – selbst, wenn diese nur einen Minijob ausüben." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Heterogeneities in the latent functions of employment: New findings from a large-scale German survey (2022)
Zitatform
Bähr, Sebastian, Bernad Batinic & Matthias Collischon (2022): Heterogeneities in the latent functions of employment: New findings from a large-scale German survey. In: Frontiers in psychology, Jg. 13, S. 1-17., 2022-07-22. DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.909558
Abstract
"Building on social psychologist Marie Jahoda’s pioneering work, the psychological literature has shown that work fulfills both manifest functions (e.g., monetary returns) and latent functions (e.g., social contact). This article uses data from the German panel study “Labor market and social security” (PASS), which contains information on latent and manifest factors (from a shortened latent and manifest benefits, or LaMB, scale), as well as a large array of other variables for over 9,000 respondents. This probability-sampled data allowed for detailed analyses that have not been previously possible. We investigate differences in these factors by labor market status, among those employed, and among those unemployed. We identify considerable variation between status groups, suggesting that employment, overall, is important and that longer periods of unemployment lead to a gradual decay of the latent and manifest factors. Furthermore, regression analyses show that the LaMB measures account for approximately 70% of the partial correlations between unemployment and various well-being measures." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Frontiers Media) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Social Consequences of Labour Market Marginalisation in Germany: Analysing the Impact of Social Identities and Values (2022)
Zitatform
Giustozzi, Carlotta (2022): Social Consequences of Labour Market Marginalisation in Germany. Analysing the Impact of Social Identities and Values. Leverkusen: Budrich Academic Press, 268 S.
Abstract
"Das Buch untersucht die sozialen Folgen von Arbeitsmarktmarginaliserung für nahe soziale Beziehungen und gesellschaftliche Partizipation in Deutschland. Dabei zeigen Mehrebenenmodelle und Längsschnittanalysen, die individuelle, haushaltsbezogene und regionale sozio-ökonomische Faktoren analysieren, dass finanzielle Schwierigkeiten nur marginal soziale Exklusion erklären können. Vielmehr sind soziale Rollen, Normen und Identität ausschlaggebend für eine Arbeitsmarktmarginalisierung." (Verlagsangaben, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
Inhaltsverzeichnis vom Verlag -
Literaturhinweis
Teilhabe an Arbeit für Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen: Konzepte für eine nachhaltige Umsetzung durch Zielvereinbarungen (2022)
Gromann, Petra; Deuschle, Andrea;Zitatform
Gromann, Petra & Andrea Deuschle (2022): Teilhabe an Arbeit für Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen. Konzepte für eine nachhaltige Umsetzung durch Zielvereinbarungen. (Gesellschaft und Nachhaltigkeit 10), Leverkusen: Verlag Barbara Budrich, 153 S.
Abstract
"Wie kann die Teilhabe von Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen an Arbeit verbessert werden? Dieser Frage widmet sich der Band, indem die Ergebnisse eines Forschungsprojektes zum Thema vorgestellt werden. Dazu kommen die Darstellung und theoretische Begründung von konkreten Konzepten zur Begleitung der Teilhabe-Prozesse. Der Band macht deutlich, dass Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen nachhaltig von personalisierten Angeboten wie individuellem Coaching und Zielvereinbarungen profitieren." (Verlagsangaben, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Do changes in network structure explain why unemployment damages health? Evidence from German panel data (2022)
Zitatform
Krug, Gerhard & Sebastian Prechsl (2022): Do changes in network structure explain why unemployment damages health? Evidence from German panel data. In: Social Science & Medicine, Jg. 307, 2022-06-18. DOI:10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115161
Abstract
"We use German panel data and apply fixed effects regressions to test whether changes in social network size or composition explain why unemployment harms individuals’ health. We consider whether the number of weak ties, the number of strong ties, the share of relatives or the share of unemployed individuals among strong ties mediate the negative relation between unemployment and health. We look at various health and health behavior outcomes, such as self-rated health, mental health, physical health, the number of doctor visits and the number of cigarettes smoked. We find no evidence that structural features of the social network play a role in mediating the health-damaging effect of unemployment. We conduct a variety of supplementary analyses that support and extend our results, including mediation tests for emotional support and contact intensity." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Unemployment, Social Networks, and Health Inequalities (2022)
Zitatform
Krug, Gerhard, Stefan Brandt, Markus Gamper, André Knabe & Andreas Klärner (2022): Unemployment, Social Networks, and Health Inequalities. In: A. Klärner, M. Gamper, S. Keim-Klärner, I. Moor, H. v. d. Lippe & N. Vonneilich (Hrsg.) (2022): Social Networks and Health Inequalities, S. 215-229, 2022-01-01. DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-97722-1_12
Abstract
"The loss of employment is an event that interferes with the lives of everyone affected, causes stress, and can have a negative impact on their health. Meta-analyses show that unemployed people have a worse state of health and a mortality risk that is at least 1.6 times higher than those who are employed. Unemployment is associated with a lower mental and physical health status and, in some cases, with riskier health behavior (particularly tobacco consumption). There are two important theses on the role of social networks in this context: (1) Unemployment changes social networks so that they no longer fulfill their positive function for health (mediator thesis); (2) Unemployment leaves social networks unchanged and persons with resource-rich networks suffer less from health losses due to unemployment (moderator thesis). This article provides an overview of empirical analyses on the topic of networks and unemployment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Unemployment and hair cortisol as a biomarker of chronic stress (2022)
Zitatform
Lawes, Mario, Clemens Hetschko, Ronnie Schöb, Gesine Stephan & Michael Eid (2022): Unemployment and hair cortisol as a biomarker of chronic stress. In: Scientific Reports, Jg. 12, H. 1, 2022-12-05. DOI:10.1038/s41598-022-25775-1
Abstract
"Unemployment is widely considered an important chronic stressor. Using longitudinal data of initially employed German jobseekers, the present study examines whether unemployment is related to changes in hair cortisol concentration (HCC), a reliable biomarker for chronic stress. The results indicate that HCC is the highest initially when individuals are insecurely employed and decreases as people gain certainty about whether they enter unemployment or not. We find no effects when comparing the average changes in HCC between individuals who entered unemployment to those of continuously employed individuals. However, medium-term unemployment was associated with a stronger mean increase in HCC if re-employment expectations were low compared to when re-employment expectations were high. Taken together, our results support two key conclusions. First, experiencing the uncertainty of looming unemployment is associated with more pronounced cortisol secretion than unemployment itself. Second, whether working or being unemployed is associated with higher HCC is highly context-dependent, with poor re-employment prospects during unemployment being a key predictor of increased HCC. Overall, our study provides further evidence that the physiological stress system is especially sensitive to uncontrollable situations and unfamiliar challenge." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Contact Modes and Participation in App-Based Smartphone Surveys: Evidence From a Large-Scale Experiment (2022)
Zitatform
Lawes, Mario, Clemens Hetschko, Joseph Sakshaug & Stephan Grießemer (2022): Contact Modes and Participation in App-Based Smartphone Surveys: Evidence From a Large-Scale Experiment. In: Social science computer review, Jg. 40, H. 5, S. 1076-1092., 2021-01-18. DOI:10.1177/0894439321993832
Abstract
"Smartphone apps are increasingly being used for population-based survey research. Recruiting people to sign up for an app-based survey is, however, less straightforward compared to traditional surveys, which risks inflating nonresponse as well as the potential for nonresponse bias. By means of an experiment with over 44,000 recently registered job seekers, we present causal evidence on the effects of using different contact modes (email, postal letter, or preannouncement letter and email) on participation rates in an app-based panel survey. Further, using detailed administrative register data, we investigate whether contact modes differentially affect nonresponse bias. We also examine whether the mode of making contact has a lasting effect on panel participation rates and participation rates in momentary assessments collected using the experience sampling method (ESM). Overall, the preannouncement letter and email invitation strategy maximizes participation compared to stand-alone letters and emails, which do not differ significantly in terms of participation rates. Stand-alone letters and the preannouncement approach perform better than emails when it comes to panel participation and submitted ESM episodes." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Unemployment and Well-Being of Europeans Across the Life Cycle: The Role of Countries' Macroeconomic Situation (2022)
Zitatform
Malisauskaite, Gintare, Olena Nizalova & Despoina Xanthopoulou (2022): Unemployment and Well-Being of Europeans Across the Life Cycle: The Role of Countries' Macroeconomic Situation. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 162, H. 3, S. 1387-1412. DOI:10.1007/s11205-022-02892-y
Abstract
"Unemployment impairs individuals' well-being and health and there is some empirical evidence showing that macroeconomic conditions can moderate these effects. This paper goes a step further and investigates differences in how macroeconomic indicators of European countries' economic situation relate to individual subjective health and well-being, and also moderate the relationship between individual labour market exclusion and these outcomes across age groups: young individuals (aged 15–29), prime working age adults (aged 30–49, base category) and pre-retirement age adults (aged 50–64). We used two different macroeconomic indicators to define macroeconomic situation: country-level unemployment rate and gross domestic product (GDP). Both indicators were disaggregated into long-term economic trend and business cycle shocks using Hodrick–Prescott filtering to allow distinguishing between expected and unexpected change in macroeconomic circumstances. We used the European Social Survey individual-level data from 35 European countries for 2002–2014. Multi-level analysis with three levels were run for men and women separately. Results revealed differences in how individual-level unemployment related to well-being depending on the age group, with pre-retirement age group adults' health and well-being suffering the most. Also, macroeconomic indicators were found to moderate the relationship between individual-level unemployment and subjective health and well-being with some noticeable differences between age groups, and with GDP trend having the most sizeable influence." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
News media representations of people receiving income support and the production of stigma power: An empirical analysis of reporting on two Australian welfare payments (2022)
Zitatform
Martin, Sonia, Timothy Schofield & Peter Butterworth (2022): News media representations of people receiving income support and the production of stigma power: An empirical analysis of reporting on two Australian welfare payments. In: Critical Social Policy, Jg. 42, H. 4, S. 648-670. DOI:10.1177/02610183211073945
Abstract
"People receiving working-age income support payments are often stigmatised as morally and/or behaviourally deficient. We consider the role of the media, as a potential source of structural stigma, in perpetuating negative characterisations of people in receipt of either the Disability Support Pension (DSP) or unemployment benefits (Newstart) during a major period of welfare reform in Australia. Newspaper articles (N = 8290) that appeared in Australia’s five largest newspapers between 2001 and 2016, and referenced either payment were analysed. We found an increased use of fraud language associated with the DSP, which coincides with increased political and policy focus on this payment. We conclude that in a period of increasing political concern with welfare reform, media coverage of welfare recipients is a form of stigma power, acting discursively as symbolic violence." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Verknüpfung von Arbeits- und Gesundheitsförderung im JobCenter Essen. Ein wesentlicher Erfolgsfaktor in der fachlichen Arbeit (2022)
Mikoteit, Thomas;Zitatform
Mikoteit, Thomas (2022): Verknüpfung von Arbeits- und Gesundheitsförderung im JobCenter Essen. Ein wesentlicher Erfolgsfaktor in der fachlichen Arbeit. In: Nachrichtendienst des Deutschen Vereins für öffentliche und private Fürsorge, Jg. 102, H. 5, S. 202-206.
Abstract
"Der Zusammenhang von Arbeitslosigkeit und Gesundheit ist heute nicht mehr strittig. Wollen die Jobcenter ihrem Auftrag gerecht werden, muss die Schnittstelle zum Gesundheitsbereich konsequent in der fachlichen Arbeit Berücksichtigung finden. Eine Reihe von empirischen Untersuchungen zur gesundheitlichen Situation von arbeitslosen Menschen zeigen die Folgen anhaltender Arbeitslosigkeit deutlich auf. Bundesweite Untersuchungen belegen, dass man bei rund einem Drittel aller Jobcenter-Kunden/Kundinnen von einer relevanten seelischen Erkrankung ausgehen kann. Gesundheitsförderung wird daher im JobCenter Essen als Teil des Integrationsprozesses in Arbeit verstanden und ist fest in der Regelstruktur veranktert." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Unemployment and Health: A Meta-Analysis (2022)
Zitatform
Picchio, Matteo & Michele Ubaldi (2022): Unemployment and Health: A Meta-Analysis. (IZA discussion paper 15433), Bonn, 49 S.
Abstract
"This paper is a meta-analysis on the relationship between unemployment and health. Our meta-dataset is made up of 327 study results coming from 65 articles published in peer-reviewed journals between 1990 and 2021. We find that publication bias is important, but only for those study results obtained through difference-in-differences or instrumental variables estimators. The average effect of unemployment on health is negative, but small in terms of partial correlation coefficient. We investigate if findings are heterogeneous among several research dimensions. We find that unemployment is mostly effective on the psychological domains of health and that short- and long-term unemployment spells equally affect health. Dealing with endogeneity issues is important and, when this is done, the unemployment effects on health are closer to be nil." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Role of social benefits for future long-term sickness absence, disability pension and unemployment among individuals on sickness absence due to mental diagnoses: a competing risk approach (2022)
Ropponen, Annina ; Narusyte, Jurgita ; Bergström, Gunnar ; Blom, Victoria ; Svedberg, Pia ; Mather, Lisa ; Wang, Mo ; Kärkkäinen, Sanna ;Zitatform
Ropponen, Annina, Jurgita Narusyte, Mo Wang, Sanna Kärkkäinen, Lisa Mather, Victoria Blom, Gunnar Bergström & Pia Svedberg (2022): Role of social benefits for future long-term sickness absence, disability pension and unemployment among individuals on sickness absence due to mental diagnoses: a competing risk approach. In: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jg. 95, H. 4, S. 867-876. DOI:10.1007/s00420-021-01825-5
Abstract
"Purpose: To investigate associations between social benefits and disability pension (DP), long-term sickness absence (LTSA, ≥ 90 days), or unemployment among Swedish twins with sickness absence (SA) due to mental diagnoses. Methods: This population-based prospective twin study included register data on first incident SA spell (< 90 days) due to mental diagnoses (ICD 10 codes F00-F99) during the follow-up 2005–2016. SA < 90 days due to other diagnoses than mental diagnoses or any other social insurance benefit was identified for the preceding year of the first incident SA spell due to mental diagnoses (coded yes/no). Comparing those with any previous social benefits vs without, cumulative incidence curve to compare time to an event, and Cox proportional hazards models for cause-specific hazard ratios (HR, 95% confidence intervals, CI) treating first incident DP, LTSA and unemployment as competing risks were modeled. Results: During follow-up, 21 DP, 1619 LTSA, and 808 unemployment events took place. Compared to those without, those with at least one benefit had a higher risk for DP (HR 5.03; 95%CI 1.80, 14.01), LTSA (1.67; 1.50, 1.84) and unemployment (1.24; 1.03, 1.50). The cumulative incidence for DP was very low, < 1%, for LTSA 80% with any previous social benefits vs. 60% without, and for unemployment ≤ 5%. Conclusion: Social benefits received during the preceding year of SA due to mental diagnoses (< 90 days) predict DP, LTSA, and unemployment. Hence, previous social benefits may provide means for early identification of persons at risk for exit from labor market." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
A job is good, but is a good job healthier?: Longitudinal analyses on the health consequences of unemployment and precarious employment in Europe (2022)
Zitatform
Tattarini, Giulia (2022): A job is good, but is a good job healthier? Longitudinal analyses on the health consequences of unemployment and precarious employment in Europe. Potsdam, 182 S. DOI:10.25932/publishup-53672
Abstract
"Among all of the negative consequences of job loss and employment precariousness, this study focuses on (maybe) the less noticeable: decreases in individual health. It is a common belief that good health merely means the absence of disease or infirmity and that, consequently, it depends only on the access and quality of health care. However, as defined by the WHO, health can be regarded as ‘a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing (WHO 1948) and ‘the extent to which an individual or group is able on the one hand to realize aspirations and satisfy needs; and, on the other hand, to change or cope with the environment’ (WHO 1984)1 . In this sense, health is a comprehensive concept covering different dimensions of well-being and capacities and a personal and social resource necessary for living. Therefore, besides the most ‘proximal’ factors such as the formal health care settings and the most obvious being intrinsic biological characteristics such as age, sex, and genes, health and health inequalities2 depend on a wide range of social determinants3 , including work and employment (Solar and Alec 2010; Link and Phelan 1995; Wilkinson and Marmot 2003). Health, then, is not just a medical issue but a complex social and economic phenomenon and a critical social justice concern (Sen 2002). Although there are other crucial effects of unemployment and precarious work - such as on future careers as well as on economic well-being or fertility choices (e.g. Scherer 2004; 2009; Giesecke 2009; Giesecke and Groß 2003; Modena and Sabatini 2012; Del Bono, Weber, and Winter-Ebmer 2012; Kreyenfeld 2010; for a review on the far-reaching consequences of job loss see Brand 2015) - the effects on health are arguably the most remarkable. This study aims to advance our knowledge about the health consequences that unemployment and precariousness cause over the life course. In particular, I investigate which moderating factors may offset or increase the impact of employment instability and insecurity on individual health. In doing so, I focus on other social determinants of health, namely, gender, the family, and the broader cultural and institutional context." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The effects of private versus public health insurance on health and labor market outcomes (2021)
Zitatform
Dauth, Christine (2021): The effects of private versus public health insurance on health and labor market outcomes. (IAB-Discussion Paper 03/2021), Nürnberg, 31 S.
Abstract
"In Gesundheitssystemen mit gesetzlichen und privaten Krankenversicherungen (so wie beispielsweise in den USA oder in Deutschland), stellt sich die Frage, ob die Art der Krankenversicherung die Arbeitsmarktkarrieren der Versicherten beeinflusst. Wir untersuchen, ob der Wechsel von der gesetzlichen in die private Krankenversicherung bestimmte Gesundheits- und Beschäftigungsvariablen über einen Zeitraum von neun Jahren beeinflusst. Wir nutzen administrative Prozessdaten und verwenden ein Fuzzy Regression Discontinuity Design um kausale Effekte zu identifizieren. Wir finden keinerlei Hinweise auf einen mittel- oder langfristigen Einfluss der Art der Krankenversicherung auf lange Krankheitsepisoden oder den Arbeitsmarkterfolg von Beschäftigten. Dies deutet darauf hin, dass eine Mitgliedschaft in der privaten Krankenversicherung zwar mit mehr Annehmlichkeiten verbunden ist, aber nicht mit gravierenden Nachteilen bei der Gesundheit oder dem Arbeitsmarkterfolg." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
In and out of unemployment - labour market transitions and the role of testosterone (2021)
Zitatform
Eibich, Peter, Ricky Kanabar, Alexander Plum & Julian Schmied (2021): In and out of unemployment - labour market transitions and the role of testosterone. (ISER working paper 2021-10), Colchester, 34 S.
Abstract
"Biological processes have provided new insights into diverging labour market trajectories. This paper uses population variation in testosterone levels to explain transition probabilities into and out of unemployment. We examine labour market transitions for 2,004 initially employed and 111 initially unemployed British men from the UK Household Longitudinal Study ("Understanding Society") between 2009 and 2015. We address the endogeneity of testosterone levels by using genetic variation as instrumental variables (Mendelian Randomization). We find that for both initially unemployed men as well as initially employed men, higher testosterone levels reduce the risk of unemployment. Based on previous studies and descriptive evidence, we argue that these effects are likely driven by differences in cognitive and non-cognitive skills as well as job search behaviour of men with higher testosterone levels. Our findings suggest that latent biological processes can affect job search behaviour and labour market outcomes without necessarily relating to illness and disability." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
In Sickness and in Health: Job Displacement and Health Spillovers in Couples (2021)
Zitatform
Gathmann, Christina, Kristiina Huttunen, Laura Jenström, Lauri Sääksvuori & Robin Stitzing (2021): In Sickness and in Health: Job Displacement and Health Spillovers in Couples. (CEPR discussion paper / Centre for Economic Policy Research 15856), London, 61 S.
Abstract
"Using administrative labor market data matched to mortality and patient records, we document that male job displacement increases mortality for both men and his partner. For every 10,000 displaced men, there are 110 additional deaths. Of those, 60% accrue to the displaced worker but 40 % are due to excess spousal mortality. We further document a stunning gender asymmetry: while male job displacement generates persistent health effects, no such dire consequences are observed after a woman’s job loss. We explore four explanations for this pattern: risk sharing through spousal labor supply; earnings losses and public insurance; widowhood; and family structure." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Labour supply and informal care responses to health shocks within couples: evidence from the UKHL (2021)
Zitatform
Giaquinto, Annarita Macchioni, Andrew M. Jones, Nigel Rice & Francesca Zantomio (2021): Labour supply and informal care responses to health shocks within couples: evidence from the UKHL. (Working papers / Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Dipartimento di Economia 2021,11), Venezia, 32 S.
Abstract
"Shocks to health have been shown to reduce labour supply for the individual affected. Less is known about household self-insurance through a partner's response to a health shock. Previous studies have presented inconclusive empirical evidence on the existence of a health-related `added worker effect'. We use UK longitudinal data to investigate within households both the labour supply and informal care responses of an individual to the event of an acute health shock to their partner. Relying on the unanticipated timing of shocks, we combine coarsened exact matching and entropy balancing algorithms with parametric analysis and exploit lagged outcomes to remove bias from observed confounders and time-invariant unobservables. We find no evidence of a health-related 'added worker effect'. A significant and sizeable increase in spousal informal care, irrespective of spousal labour market position or household financial status and ability to purchase formal care provision, suggests a substitution to informal care provision, at the expense of time devoted to leisure activities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Gesundheitsförderung bei Arbeitslosen (2021)
Zitatform
Hollederer, Alfons (Hrsg.) (2021): Gesundheitsförderung bei Arbeitslosen. Frankfurt am Main: Fachhochschulverl., 512 S.
Abstract
"Arbeitslosigkeit und Gesundheit beeinflussen sich gegenseitig. Es ist eine Gemeinschaftsaufgabe, für gleiche Gesundheitschancen aller zu sorgen. Die arbeitsmarktintegrative Gesundheitsförderung zielt sowohl auf die Verbesserung der Gesundheit als auch auf die Arbeitsmarktintegration. In diesem Handbuch für Wissenschaft und Praxis analysieren die Autorinnen und Autoren die Grundlagen der Gesundheitsförderung bei Arbeitslosen und stellen evaluierte Modellprojekte, psychosoziale Trainingsmaßnahmen, Beratungskonzepte und ein beschäftigungsorientiertes Fallmanagement vor. Im Fokus der Beiträge stehen Zielgruppen in Arbeitslosigkeit mit besonderem Förderbedarf und Interventionsansätze in arbeitsmarktnahen Settings, Betrieben und im Gemeinwesen." (Verlagsangaben, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
Inhaltsverzeichnis bei der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek -
Literaturhinweis
Gesundheit und Krankheit von Arbeitslosen sowie Chancen und Grenzen arbeitsmarktintegrativer Gesundheitsförderung (2021)
Zitatform
Hollederer, Alfons (2021): Gesundheit und Krankheit von Arbeitslosen sowie Chancen und Grenzen arbeitsmarktintegrativer Gesundheitsförderung. In: A. Hollederer (Hrsg.) (2021): Gesundheitsförderung bei Arbeitslosen, S. 12-35.
Abstract
"Der Arbeitsmarkt in Deutschland ist durch eine starke Segmentierung und strukturell bedingte "Sockelarbeitslosigkeit" gekennzeichnet. Im harten Kern befinden sich auch viele Arbeitslose mit gesundheitlichen Einschränkungen. Die wechselseitigen Wirkungen von Arbeitslosigkeit und Gesundheit sind evident. Das Morbiditätsrisiko von Arbeitslosen ist ein einem breiten Krankheitsspektrum im Vergleich zu Beschäftigten deutlich erhöht. Arbeitslose weisen eine höhere Inanspruchnahme gesundheitlicher Leistungen und ein ungünstigeres Gesundheitsverhalten auf. Ihr Erreichungrad durch Präventions- und Gesundheitsförderungsmaßnahmen ist relativ gering. Eine Reihe von Einflussfaktoren moderiert die direkte Wirkung von Arbeitslosigkeit auf den individuellen Gesundheitszustand. Der Bewältigungsprozess der Arbeitslosigkeit steht in Abhängigkeit von individuellen Belastungen und Ressourcen sowie Kompetenzen, Einstellungen und Verhaltensweisen, aber auch von makroökonomischen Einflussfaktoren. Die arbeitsmarktintegrative Gesundheitsförderung kann bei diesen verstärkenden oder abmildernden Faktoren ansetzen. Die Ansätze der arbeitsmarktintegrativen Gesundheitsförderung zeigen Effekte auf die Gesundheit und Arbeitsmarktintegration. Sie waren aber bei Arbeitslosen unterschiedlich erfolgreich. Die Analysen weisen auf Entwicklungsbedarf hinsichtlich Zielgruppenspezifierungen, Erreichungsgrad, Evidenbasierung und Sektoren übergreifender Gesundheitsförderungkonzepte hin. Durch die Flexibilisierung am Arbeitsmakt werden die Übergänge zu atypischen Beschäftigung fließend. Die Weiterentwicklung der arbeitsmaktintegrativen Gesundheitsförderung und der Interventionsforschung stellen eine Public Health-Herausforderung dar." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)