Europäische Arbeitslosenversicherung
Die Europäische Arbeitslosenversicherung wird als ein Instrument zur Stabilisierung ökonomischer Krisen im Euro-Raum diskutiert. EU-Mitgliedsländern mit hoher Arbeitslosigkeit könnten so zusätzliche Mittel zur Verfügung gestellt werden, die von Ländern mit guter wirtschaftlicher- und Beschäftigungssituation finanziert werden.
Dieses Themendossier dokumentiert die wissenschaftliche und politische Diskussion um die Ausgestaltung und Einführung einer Europäischen Arbeitslosenversicherung. Im Filter „Autorenschaft“ können Sie auf IAB-(Mit-)Autorenschaft eingrenzen.
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Literaturhinweis
Lessons from the American federal-state unemployment insurance system for a European unemployment benefits system (2020)
Zitatform
O'Leary, Christopher J., Burt S. Barnow & Karolien Lenaerts (2020): Lessons from the American federal-state unemployment insurance system for a European unemployment benefits system. In: International social security review, Jg. 73, H. 1, S. 3-34. DOI:10.1111/issr.12226
Abstract
"Dieser Artikel untersucht die Praxis im nationalen Arbeitslosenversicherungssystem der Vereinigten Staaten bezüglich Anspruchsberechtigung der Antragsteller, Leistungsgroßzügigkeit, Leistungsfinanzierung und Notfallmaßnahmen, um Lehren für eine mögliche Europäische Arbeitslosenversicherung für die Mitgliedsstaaten der Europäischen Union zu ziehen. Dabei wird die Arbeitslosenversicherung im amerikanischen System analysiert und es werden Bereiche benannt, in denen der Staat bestimmend ist. Das System der Vereinigten Staaten liefert zwar einige gute Ideen für die Einrichtung einer Europäischen Arbeitslosenversicherung, aber es zeigen sich auch Mängel in der amerikanischen Umsetzung. Wir liefern eine Übersicht über die bestehenden nationalen Arbeitslosenunterstützungssysteme in der EU und über die Debatte über eine Europäische Arbeitslosenversicherung. Dabei werden Bereiche individueller und institutioneller Risiken in einem mehrsäuligen Arbeitslosenversicherungssystem analysiert, und es werden Beispiele für Kontrollmechanismen und Anreize zur Eindämmung dieser Risiken gegeben. Wir schlagen einen Ansatz vor, bei dem das System schrittweise entwickelt wird, und befürworten eine Ausrichtung auf die unteren Säulen, die Finanzierung der Leistungen und Maßnahmen gegen regionale und systemweite Arbeitsmarktkrisen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons)
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Literaturhinweis
Beyond European unemployment insurance. Less moral hazard, more moral assurance? (2020)
Schmid, Günther;Zitatform
Schmid, Günther (2020): Beyond European unemployment insurance. Less moral hazard, more moral assurance? In: Transfer, Jg. 26, H. 4, S. 465-480. DOI:10.1177/1024258920952666
Abstract
"Nach einer langen Debatte über eine europäische Arbeitslosenversicherung tauchte eine europäische Arbeitslosenrückversicherung als Kompromiss auf. Konkrete Schritte in diese Richtung wurden jedoch erst unter dem pandemischen Schock von COVID-19 als Katalysator unternommen. Zweifel, ob “moral hazard” unter Kontrolle gehalten werden kann, sind ein Grund für dieses Zögern, die enorme Diversität von Deckungsgrad und Niveau des Sozialschutzes in EU-Mitgliedstaaten ein anderer. Dieser Essay hebt einen dritten Grund für das lange Patt hervor: die Vernachlässigung von “moral assurance” als Gegengewicht von “moral hazard”. Er argumentiert, dass das Konzept der Arbeitslosenversicherung selbst einer fundamentalen Revision bedarf. Moderne Arbeitsmarktpolitik sollte nicht nur Einkommensrisiken bei Arbeitslosigkeit decken, sondern auch andere ernsthafte Einkommensrisiken bei kritischen Übergängen im Lebensverlauf. Er schlägt vor, den Europäischen Sozialfonds zu einem Europäischen Beschäftigungs- und Sozialfonds mit Elementen einer Arbeitslebensversicherung und einer Rückversicherung für Schock-Absorption zu erweitern." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Ein Jahrhundert Arbeitslosenversicherung (1920-2020) (2020)
Tálos, Emmerich;Zitatform
Tálos, Emmerich (2020): Ein Jahrhundert Arbeitslosenversicherung (1920-2020). In: WISO, Jg. 43, H. 2, S. 35-52.
Abstract
"Nach der Konstituierung der österreichischen Sozialpolitik in der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jhdts. erfolgten wichtige Ausbauschritte am Beginn der Ersten Republik, insbesondere in den Jahrzehnten nach 1945. Dies wird im Beitrag an einem der zentralen Bereiche des Sozialstaates näher aufgezeigt: der Arbeitslosenversicherung, die vor hundert Jahren eingeführt wurde. Die aktuelle Corona-Krise unterstreicht nicht nur deren Wichtigkeit, sondern auch Reformbedürftigkeit." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, © ISW-Linz)
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Literaturhinweis
Reformvorschläge zur Eurozone: eine gemeinsame europäische Arbeitslosenversicherung als Lösung? (2019)
Zitatform
Blum, Johannes, Anna Dudel, Björn Kauder, Manuela Krause & Niklas Potrafke (2019): Reformvorschläge zur Eurozone. Eine gemeinsame europäische Arbeitslosenversicherung als Lösung? In: Ifo-Schnelldienst, Jg. 72, H. 2, S. 55-61.
Abstract
"In der Dezember-Umfrage des Ökonomenpanels von ifo und FAZ wurden Professoren für Volkswirtschaftslehre an deutschen Universitäten nach ihrer Meinung bezüglich verschiedener Reformvorschläge für die Eurozone sowie insbesondere zur Schaffung einer gemeinsamen europäischen Arbeitslosenversicherung befragt. Die Mehrheit der Befragungsteilnehmer ist mit den Reformen nicht zufrieden." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Unemployment insurance and wage formation (2019)
Buxhoeveden, Mathias von;Zitatform
Buxhoeveden, Mathias von (2019): Unemployment insurance and wage formation. (Working papers / Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy 2019,13), Uppsala, 44 S.
Abstract
"Wage setting models typically posit a tight relationship between the generosity of unemployment insurance (UI) and equilibrium wages. This paper estimates the effect of UI on workers' wages. I build on a unique feature of the unemployment policy in Sweden, where workers can opt to buy supplement UI coverage above a minimum mandated level. In January 2007, the government sharply increased the price of UI, and the share of workers with supplement coverage fell from 90% to 80%. I exploit variation in the price of UI across industries to measure the effect of industry level UI-coverage on wages. My estimates suggest that a 10 percentage point reduction in the share of workers covered by supplement UI reduce wages by 5%. Since I rely on variation in UI-coverage at the industry level, these estimates contain wage adjustments from collective and individual level bargaining. Finally, I use the estimated UI-wage effect to derive bounds on worker bargaining power in a simple DMP model and find that it can be at most 0.12. This evidence support wage setting mechanisms that tie wages to the generosity of UI." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Support for conditional unemployment benefit in European countries: the role of income inequality (2019)
Zitatform
Carriero, Renzo & Marianna Filandri (2019): Support for conditional unemployment benefit in European countries. The role of income inequality. In: Journal of European social policy, Jg. 29, H. 4, S. 498-514. DOI:10.1177/0958928718815624
Abstract
"This article investigates attitudes towards the conditionality of benefits targeted to a specific needy group, the unemployed, and analyses their relationship with the structure of income inequality. The focus is on the deservingness of welfare recipients. The public seems to use five criteria to define deservingness and, consequently, the conditionality to which public support is subjected: need, attitude (i.e. gratefulness), control (over neediness), reciprocity (of giving and receiving) and identity, that is the similarity or proximity between the providers of public support (the taxpayers) and the people who should receive it. People's willingness to help depends on how close they consider benefit recipients to be to themselves (i.e. the extent to which they belong to the same in-group). The identity criterion is the main object of our investigation. We argue that the operation of this criterion at the micro-level can be affected by macro-level variables. Specifically, we focus on different measures of the structure of income inequality which are indicators of the social distance between welfare recipients and taxpayers. Based on data from three waves of the European Values Study (1990-2008) collected in 30 countries, the study offers a comparative and longitudinal analysis. The picture emerging from the within-country analysis - which removed much of the between-country heterogeneity - shows that when the social distance grows, it is more difficult for the majority of citizens (upper and middle classes) to identify with the unemployed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
From the hidden welfare state to the hidden part of welfare state reform: Analyzing the uses and effects of fiscal welfare in France (2019)
Zitatform
Morel, Nathalie, Chloé Touzet & Michaël Zemmour (2019): From the hidden welfare state to the hidden part of welfare state reform. Analyzing the uses and effects of fiscal welfare in France. In: Social policy and administration, Jg. 53, H. 1, S. 34-48. DOI:10.1111/spol.12416
Abstract
"This article argues that fiscal welfare in Europe not only forms part of the 'hidden welfare state' (Howard, 1997), but also constitutes an important yet understudied -- and therefore hidden -- element of welfare state reform. Using the example of France, and relying both on available data and on an exhaustive database of social tax expenditures (STEs) compiled for 2014, the article begins by providing an overview of the structure of STEs in France (section 2). It then analyzes the specific uses and effects of STEs in the fields of employment, health care, and pensions. In particular, it shows, first of all, how STEs have constituted a privileged instrument for circumventing certain institutional features such as high levels of minimum wage and of social security contributions in the field of employment (section 3). Second, it also shows that STEs have been used to quietly divert resources away from the earmarked social security funds and into collective private insurance funds, thus fueling their development, in the case of health care and pensions (section 4). Lastly, the article engages with the notion of the 'social division of welfare' (Titmuss, 1958) by considering some of the distributional effects of fiscal welfare in France (section 5), before concluding (section 6)." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Optimal unemployment insurance and international risk sharing (2019)
Zitatform
Moyen, Stéphane, Nikolai Stähler & Fabian Winkler (2019): Optimal unemployment insurance and international risk sharing. In: European Economic Review, Jg. 115, H. June, S. 144-171. DOI:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2019.03.004
Abstract
"We discuss how cross-country unemployment insurance can be used to improve international risk sharing. We use a two-country business cycle model with incomplete financial markets and frictional labor markets where the unemployment insurance scheme operates across both countries. Cross-country insurance through the unemployment insurance system can be achieved without affecting unemployment outcomes. The Ramsey-optimal policy however prescribes a more countercyclical replacement rate when international risk sharing concerns enter the unemployment insurance trade-off. We calibrate our model to Eurozone data and find that optimal stabilizing transfers through the unemployment insurance system are sizable and mainly stabilize consumption in the periphery countries, while optimal replacement rates are countercyclical overall. Moreover, we find that debt-financed national policies are a poor substitute for fiscal transfers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: Deutsche Bundesbank. Discussion paper , 2016,33 -
Literaturhinweis
The performance of the Australian welfare system in a time of neoliberal economic reform (2019)
Zitatform
Tapper, Alan (2019): The performance of the Australian welfare system in a time of neoliberal economic reform. In: Social policy and administration, Jg. 53, H. 5, S. 641-660. DOI:10.1111/spol.12417
Abstract
"'Neoliberalism', both as a body of theory and as a set of policies and practices, is commonly seen as unsympathetic, even antagonistic, to the welfare state. In the period from the mid-1980s to the global financial crisis of 2007 - 08, Australia underwent very considerable 'neoliberal' economic policy reform. What happened to the Australian welfare system and to Australia's socioeconomic egalitarianism in this period? To shed light on that question three kinds of trend are tracked. The first is household taxes and social expenditure in both cash and kind, using fiscal incidence analysis where the main metric is 'net benefits'. The second is economic inequality, as measured by the distribution of incomes and wealth. The third is the performance of the labor market, as measured by earned incomes and unemployment rates. The article concludes with an attempt to integrate the evidence collected from these three sources. The general conclusion is that the Australian welfare system did not follow the pessimists' predictions. The welfare system grew in size and redistributive quantum. Wage levels rose strongly, while unemployment rates fell. Overall, income inequality increased to a small extent, though mainly before the full economic reform process was in place, while wealth inequality changed little." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment?: Benefit sanctions in the UK (2018)
Zitatform
Adler, Michael (2018): Cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment? Benefit sanctions in the UK. (Palgrave socio-legal studies), Cham: Springer Palgrave Macmillan, 171 S. DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-90356-9
Abstract
"The book subjects the largely hidden phenomenon of benefit sanctions in the UK to sustained examination and critique. It comprises twelve chapters dealing with the terms 'cruel', 'inhuman' and 'degrading' that are used as a benchmark for assessing benefit sanctions; benefit sanctions as a matter of public concern; the historical development of benefit sanctions in the UK; changes in the scope and severity of benefit sanctions; conditionality and the changing relationship between the citizen and the state; the impact and effectiveness of benefit sanctions; benefit sanctions and administrative justice; the role of law in protecting the right to a social minimum; a comparison of benefit sanctions with court fines; benefit sanctions and the rule of law; and what, if anything, can be done about benefit sanctions. Each chapter ends with a paragraph that attempts to highlight the most salient points in that chapter, and the book ends with a short conclusion in which benefit sanctions are assessed against the chosen benchmark." (Publisher information, © Springer) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Lump-sum severance grants and the duration of unemployment (2018)
Andersson, Josefine;Zitatform
Andersson, Josefine (2018): Lump-sum severance grants and the duration of unemployment. (Working papers / Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy 2018,23), Uppsala, 47 S.
Abstract
"The well-known positive relationship between the unemployment benefit level and unemployment duration can be separated into two potential sources; a moral hazard effect, and a liquidity effect pertaining to the increased ability to smooth consumption. The latter is a socially optimal response due to credit and insurance market failures. These two effects are difficult to separate empirically, but the social optimality of an unemployment insurance policy can be evaluated by studying the effect of a non-distortionary lump-sum severance grant on unemployment durations. In this study, I evaluate the effects on unemployment duration and subsequent job quality of a lump-sum severance grant provided to displaced workers, by means of a Swedish collective agreement. I use a regression discontinuity design, based on the strict age requirement to be eligible for the grant. I find that the lump-sum grant has a positive effect on the probability of becoming unemployed and the length of the completed unemployment duration, but no effect on subsequent job quality. My analysis also indicates that spousal income is important for the consumption smoothing abilities of displaced workers, and that the grant may have a greater effect in times of more favorable labor market conditions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Inequality and market integration: direct effects and policy implications in EMU (2018)
Zitatform
Bertola, Giuseppe (2018): Inequality and market integration. Direct effects and policy implications in EMU. In: CESifo forum, Jg. 19, H. 2, S. 3-8.
Abstract
"This article focuses on the implications of international economic integration for inequality among each nation's citizens; and for national policies that influence inequality in politico-economic equilibrium. Empirically, the closer economic integration implied by EMU was associated, on average, with higher intra-country inequality. Around that trend, member countries' inequality indicators display wide swings that are correlated with country-specific average income changes, and are largely symmetric before and after the crisis. Simple theoretical mechanisms can explain these phenomena as a straightforward implication of EMU's institutional configuration. While unsurprising in hindsight, higher inequality is problematic, and not what European citizens expected from EMU. Market integration and policy competition may well improve efficiency and help to achieve economic growth objectives, but their inequality implications make it more difficult to achieve political stability and social cohesion at the member country level. This article reviews the message conveyed by the data, refers to broader evidence, while outlining theoretical explanations of the facts, and concludes by discussing their institutional and political relevance." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Euro Area unemployment insurance at the time of zero nominal interest rates (2018)
Zitatform
Claveres, Guillaume & Jan Stráský (2018): Euro Area unemployment insurance at the time of zero nominal interest rates. (OECD Economics Department working papers 1498), Paris, 28 S. DOI:10.1787/99b92f5b-en
Abstract
"The discussion about a fiscal stabilisation capacity as a way of providing more fiscal integration in the euro area has strengthened in the aftermath of the European sovereign debt crisis. Among the instruments that can be used for temporary macroeconomic stabilisation in the presence of both asymmetric and area-wide shocks, a euro area unemployment insurance scheme has attracted increased attention. We build a two-region DSGE model with supply, demand and labour market frictions and introduce in it an area-wide unemployment insurance scheme that is entitled to borrow in financial markets. The model is calibrated to the euro area core and periphery data. For a country-specific negative demand shock hitting the periphery, we find the scheme to reduce the drop in Periphery output by about one fifth and the drop in union output by about a third. The scheme is effective when some households are cut from financial markets, and even more so when the national government also loses market access." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Towards a European Labour Authority: Mandate, main tasks and open questions (2018)
Zitatform
Cremers, Jan (2018): Towards a European Labour Authority. Mandate, main tasks and open questions. (Politik für Europa #2017plus), Brüssel, 15 S.
Abstract
"This study explores problems in the area of cross-border labour mobility and suggests that fair working conditions in the Single Market could be enhanced by the establishment of a European Labour Authority.
- The main problem is that the competence of national authorities to control and enforce national labour standards ends at the border. Thus, new forms of regulatory arbitrage, regime shopping and the evasion of existing labour standards cannot be effectively monitored and sanctioned.
- The author suggests that a European Labour Authority should legitimise and facilitate cross-border cooperation between national competent authorities. The main task should be to solve disputes in case of infringements and breaches related to labour mobility and/or cross-border recruitment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
An unemployment re-insurance scheme for the Eurozone?: Stabilizing and redistributive effects (2018)
Zitatform
Dolls, Mathias (2018): An unemployment re-insurance scheme for the Eurozone? Stabilizing and redistributive effects. Gütersloh, 59 S.
Abstract
"Die Studie 'Stabilisierungs- und Verteilungseffekte einer Arbeitslosenrückversicherung für die Eurozone' hat für den Zeitraum von 2000 bis 2016 die Wirkung einer Rückversicherung für nationale Arbeitslosenversicherungen im Euroraum untersucht. Die Analyse wurde vom ifo Institut im Auftrag der Bertelsmann Stiftung erstellt. Die Studie verwendet Eurostat-Haushaltsmikrodaten der europaweit durchgeführten Arbeitskräfteerhebung und der Gemeinschaftsstatistik über Einkommen und Lebensbedingungen, um die Arbeitsmarktentwicklungen und daraus resultierende Einkommensschwankungen in den heutigen 19 Mitgliedsländern der Eurozone für den Zeitraum 2000-2016 präzise abzubilden. Im Rahmen einer Simulationsanalyse werden die Stabilisierungs- und Verteilungswirkungen einer Arbeitslosenrückversicherung unter der Annahme berechnet, dass diese zu Beginn des Jahres 2000 eingeführt worden wäre. Dabei wird in der empirischen Analyse unterstellt, dass zwei Bedingungen erfüllt sein müssen, bevor eine Hilfszahlung aus der Rückversicherung getätigt wird. Zum einen muss die Arbeitslosenquote in einem Mitgliedsland oberhalb des Durchschnitts der vergangenen Jahre liegen. Zum anderen muss innerhalb eines Jahres ein starker Anstieg der Arbeitslosenquote vorliegen. In der Studie werden Schwellenwerte für die benötigte Veränderungsrate der Arbeitslosenquote von ein und zwei Prozentpunkten betrachtet." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Ähnliche Treffer
Weiterführende Informationen
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Literaturhinweis
Welfare state reforms seen from below: Comparing public attitudes and organized interests in Britain and Germany (2018)
Zitatform
Ebbinghaus, Bernhard & Elias Naumann (Hrsg.) (2018): Welfare state reforms seen from below. Comparing public attitudes and organized interests in Britain and Germany. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 297 S. DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-63652-8
Abstract
"Studying the political economy of welfare state reform, this edited collection focuses on the role of public opinion and organized interests in respect to policy change. It highlights that welfare states are hard pressed to reform in order to cope with ongoing socio-economic and demographic challenges. While public opinion is commonly seen to oppose welfare cuts and organized interests such as trade unions have tended to defend acquired social rights, this book shows that there have been emergent tendencies in favour of reform.
Welfare State Reforms Seen from Below analyses a wide range of social policies affecting healthcare, pensions and the labour market to demonstrate how social groups and interest organizations differ and interact in their approaches to reform. Comparing Britain and Germany, with its two very different welfare states, it provides a European perspective on the changing approaches to welfare." (Publisher information, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
Das Aussetzen von Beschäftigungsverhältnissen als betriebliche Strategie zum Ausgleich von Schwankungen des Personalbedarfs: ein Update (2018)
Zitatform
Eppel, Rainer, Thomas Horvath & Helmut Mahringer (2018): Das Aussetzen von Beschäftigungsverhältnissen als betriebliche Strategie zum Ausgleich von Schwankungen des Personalbedarfs. Ein Update. In: Österreichisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung. Monatsberichte, Jg. 91, H. 11, S. 799-810.
Abstract
"Um kurzfristige, saison- und nicht saisonbedingte Schwankungen des Arbeitskräftebedarfs auszugleichen, beenden viele Betriebe in Zeiten geringerer Auslastung Beschäftigungsverhältnisse und stellen anschließend bei verbesserter Auftragslage dieselben Arbeitskräfte wieder ein ('temporärer Layoff'). Sie wälzen damit Personalkosten auf die Arbeitslosenversicherung ab, da viele betroffene Arbeitskräfte während der Beschäftigungsunterbrechung arbeitslos vorgemerkt sind und Leistungen aus der Arbeitslosenversicherung beziehen. Diese personalpolitische Flexibilisierungsstrategie wurde bisher kaum thematisiert, spielt jedoch in Österreich seit Jahrzehnten eine bedeutende Rolle. Im Jahr 2017 waren 13,7% aller Beschäftigungsaufnahmen Wiedereinstellungen von temporär Arbeitslosen bei demselben Arbeitgeber innerhalb einer Zeitspanne von einem Jahr. Die registrierte Arbeitslosigkeit während temporärer Layoffs trug mehr als ein Achtel zur registrierten Gesamtarbeitslosigkeit bei. Sie war damit für rund 1 Prozentpunkt der Arbeitslosenquote maßgebend. Die Aussetzung von Beschäftigungsverhältnissen ist mit Kosten für die Arbeitslosenversicherung in einer Größenordnung von rund 500 Mio. EURO pro Jahr verbunden." (Autorenreferat, © WIFO - Österreichisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung)
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Literaturhinweis
Drowned by numbers? Stabilization properties of an EU-wide unemployment insurance system (2018)
Zitatform
Farvaque, Etienne & Florence Huart (2018): Drowned by numbers? Stabilization properties of an EU-wide unemployment insurance system. In: Applied Economics, Jg. 50, H. 38, S. 4153-4181. DOI:10.1080/00036846.2018.1441517
Abstract
"The recent crisis has given rise to proposals for the creation of a European unemployment insurance system. We simulate an EU-wide mechanism under various scenarios, varying methods of financing (common or country-specific contribution rates) and triggers for pay-outs (all time or contingent clauses). We analyse the impact of the system using different measures of stabilization under different fiscal multipliers. A system operating during bad times (periods where the increase in unemployment is large) would reduce GDP growth variability but also growth correlation among member countries. Hence, there is a trade-off between stabilization and synchronization of national business cycles." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Should unemployment insurance be centralized in a state union? (2018)
Fenge, Robert; Friese, Max;Zitatform
Fenge, Robert & Max Friese (2018): Should unemployment insurance be centralized in a state union? (CESifo working paper 6898), München, 25 S.
Abstract
"This paper compares the decentral organization of unemployment insurance in member states of a state union with the central organization at the upper union' level. In a model of two countries the labor force and the firm owners can migrate between the states. Labor markets exhibit unemployment due to trade union's bargaining about the wage rate. In a decentral scenario the states organize independently unemployment insurance and decide about the rate on wages contributed to the insurance budget. Due to open borders they have to take account of migration effects. However, with perfect mobility between the states each government chooses a socially optimal contribution rate such that workers are fully insured against unemployment. In the central scenario the governments overestimate the costs of insurance when bargaining about the contribution rate and observing the common insurance budget of both countries. This leads to a less than socially optimal contribution rate." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Income protection of atypical workers in the event of unemployment in Europe (2018)
Zitatform
Jara, H. Xavier & Alberto Tumino (2018): Income protection of atypical workers in the event of unemployment in Europe. (EUROMOD working paper 2018,18), Cambridge, 32 S.
Abstract
"This paper evaluates the degree of income protection the tax-benefit system provides to atypical workers in the event of unemployment, comparing them to standard employees. Our approach relies on EUROMOD, the EU tax-benefit microsimulation model, to simulate transitions from employment to unemployment for the entire workforce and to compare household financial circumstances before and after the transition. Our results show that coverage rates of unemployment insurance are low among atypical workers. These workers are also significantly more exposed to the risk of poverty than standard employees, both while in work and in the event of unemployment. Our analysis also shows that low-work intensity employees are characterised by higher net replacement rates than other groups. However, this is due to the major role played by the market incomes of other household members. Finally, we show that in countries where selfemployed workers are not eligible for unemployment insurance benefits, extending the eligibility to this group of workers would increase their replacement rates significantly and make them less likely to fall into poverty in the event of unemployment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))