Migration und Integration
Bei dem Thema Einwanderung nach Deutschland gilt es auch die Bedingungen einer gelingenden Integration von Zugewanderten in Gesellschaft, Bildung und Arbeit zu untersuchen. Die Arbeitsmarktforschung beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, wie die Integration in das Bildungs- und Ausbildungssystem, der Zugang zum Arbeitsmarkt sowie die Bedingungen der sozialen Teilhabe und kulturellen Integration verbessert werden können.
Aktuelle Studien zeigen zudem, dass Deutschland angesichts seiner demographischen Herausforderungen dringend auf Zuwanderung angewiesen ist. Inwiefern kann Zuwanderung der Schrumpfung und Alterung des Erwerbspersonenpotenzials entgegenwirken? Welche Entwicklungen in der nationalen und europäischen Einwanderungspolitik begünstigen die Einwanderung von Erwerbspersonen und Fachkräften? Die hier zusammengestellte Literatur bietet einen aktuellen und umfassenden Überblick über den Themenkomplex Migration und Integration.
Literatur zum Thema Flucht und Asyl finden Sie in unserer IAB-Infoplattform Fluchtmigrantinnen und -migranten - Bildung und Arbeitsmarkt.
Zurück zur Übersicht- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
- Einwanderungspolitik
- Auswirkungen von Migration
- Wanderungsmotivation und Rückwanderung
- Arbeitslosigkeit und Arbeitsmarktpolitik
- Qualifikation, Bildung und Beschäftigung
- Integration und soziale Teilhabe
- internationale Aspekte
- Personengruppen
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Literaturhinweis
Defying the Odds: Remittances During the COVID-19 Pandemic (2021)
Kpodar, Kangni R.; Mlachila, Montfort; Gammadigbe, Vigninou; Quayyum, Saad N.;Zitatform
Kpodar, Kangni R., Montfort Mlachila, Saad N. Quayyum & Vigninou Gammadigbe (2021): Defying the Odds: Remittances During the COVID-19 Pandemic. (IMF working paper 2021,186), Washington, DC, 35 S.
Abstract
"This paper provides an early assessment of the dynamics and drivers of remittances during the COVID-19 pandemic, using a newly compiled monthly remittance dataset for a sample of 52 countries, of which 16 countries with bilateral remittance data. The paper documents a strong resilience in remittance flows, notwithstanding an unprecedent global recession triggered by the pandemic. Using the local projection approach to estimate the impulse response functions of remittance flows during Jan 2020-Dec 2020, the paper provides evidence that: (i) remittances responded positively to COVID-19 infection rates in migrant home countries, underscoring its role as an important automatic stabilizer; (ii) stricter containment measures have the unintended consequence of dampening remittances; and (iii) a shift from informal to formal remittance channels due to travel restrictions appears to have also played a role in the surge in formal remittances. Lastly, the size of the fiscal stimulus in host countries is positively associated with remittances as the fiscal response cushions the economic impact of the pandemic." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
EU mobile workers: A challenge to public finances?: Contribution for informal ECOFIN, Bucharest, 5-6 April, 2019 (2019)
Alcidi, Cinzia; Gros, Daniel;Zitatform
Alcidi, Cinzia & Daniel Gros (2019): EU mobile workers: A challenge to public finances? Contribution for informal ECOFIN, Bucharest, 5-6 April, 2019. Brüssel, 32 S.
Abstract
"This contribution analyses recent trends in labour mobility within the EU and considers the challenges it generates in sending countries. It finds that mobile workers abroad can make a significant contribution to the GDP of their host countries and that the incomes of mobile citizens abroad can be of considerable benefit to those who stayed at home.
However, large-scale (net) emigration could have negative effects on the source country. Negative effects of outward mobility can arise through brain drain and when emigration erodes the tax base, making it more difficult for governments to finance current expenditure and to service (a large) public debt. Within the EU, the evidence of brain drain appears limited to southern euro area countries. The negative impact of the erosion of the tax base through emigration is mitigated by lower expenditure needs and additional VAT revenues on the expenditure financed by remittances. For high debt countries, population ageing exacerbated by mobility, rather than mobility alone, is the main issue for debt sustainability.
A key finding is that with ongoing reductions in wage gaps, in the future, differences in structural factors may be more important than (after-tax) income in the decision to emigrate. States which struggle the most to enhance the quality of the life of their citizens, through effective public spending and provision of high quality public goods, may experience the largest outflows of workers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
Rücküberweisungen durch Migrantinnen und Migranten: finanzmarktbezogene Gründe und wirtschaftliche Folgen (2018)
Baas, Timo;Zitatform
Baas, Timo (2018): Rücküberweisungen durch Migrantinnen und Migranten: finanzmarktbezogene Gründe und wirtschaftliche Folgen. In: Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung, Jg. 87, H. 3, S. 151-164. DOI:10.3790/vjh.87.3.151
Abstract
"Rücküberweisungen von Migrantinnen und Migranten in ihre Heimatländer (Remittances) haben in den letzten Jahren stark an Bedeutung gewonnen. Remittances werden hierbei auch verwendet, um Beschränkungen bei der Finanzierung einer Selbstständigkeit oder beim Immobilienerwerb zu umgehen. Aufgrund der zunehmenden Migration aus Ländern, die zwar entwickelte Finanzmärkte, aber auch Kreditbeschränkungen oder eine Kreditklemme aufweisen, dürfte der Umfang der Rücküberweisungen von Migrantinnen und Migranten aus Deutschland in ihre Heimatländer noch zunehmen. Wir zeigen in einem dynamischen angewandten Gleichgewichtsmodell, dass Rücküberweisungen für Deutschland zweierlei bedeuten, zum einen wird die Exportwirtschaft begünstigt, zum anderen geht der inländische Konsum und damit der Konsum nicht handelbarer Güter zurück. Entsprechend ist ein Anstieg der Beschäftigung im Verarbeitenden Gewerbe zu erwarten, aber auch ein Rückgang der Arbeitskräftenachfrage im arbeitsintensiven Dienstleistungsbereich zu befürchten." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Let their knowledge flow: The effect of returning refugees on export performance in the former Yugoslavia (2018)
Zitatform
Bahar, Dany, Andreas Hauptmann, Cem Özgüzel & Hillel Rapoport (2018): Let their knowledge flow. The effect of returning refugees on export performance in the former Yugoslavia. (CESifo working paper 7371), München, 37 S.
Abstract
"During the early 1990s Germany received over half a million Yugoslavian refugees fleeing war. By 2000, many of these refugees, who were under temporary protection, had been repatriated. We exploit this historical episode to provide causal evidence on the role that migrants play explaining export performance in global markets after returning to their home country. We find that the elasticity of exports to return migration is between 0.1 to 0.24 in industries where migrants were employed during their stay in Germany. In order to deal with endogeneity we use historic exogenous rules of allocation of asylum seekers across different German states to construct an instrumental variable for the treatment. The results are mostly driven by knowledge-intensive industries, and by workers in occupations intensive in analytical and managerial skills." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Hauptmann, Andreas; -
Literaturhinweis
Social skills, workplaces and social remittances: A case of post-accession migrants (2018)
Grabowska, Izabela;Zitatform
Grabowska, Izabela (2018): Social skills, workplaces and social remittances: A case of post-accession migrants. In: Work, employment and society, Jg. 32, H. 5, S. 868-886. DOI:10.1177/0950017017719840
Abstract
"This article examines how the social skills of migrants are moulded in workplaces and employment-related situations. It surveys literature on social skills, workplaces, social remittances and relational learning. It devotes attention to destination workplaces as spaces where people who left their comfort zones experience disjuncture between origin and destination. This can bring insights, noticing differences and making comparisons. On return to their workplaces in their origin countries, migrants are able to reflect upon and eventually remit these experiences, packaged as social remittances. Three categories of social skill were distilled from biographical interviews with returnees to Poland: (1) the capability for cross-cultural communication; (2) the capability for dealing with emotional labour; (3) the capability for taking initiative and acting independently. The study analysed situations of disjuncture as a result of migration which led to learning, non-learning and alienation. By bringing migration to the forefront, we consider social skills as social remittances." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Immigrant networks and remittances: Cheaper together? (2017)
Aparicio-Fenoll, Ainhoa; Kuehn, Zoë;Zitatform
Aparicio-Fenoll, Ainhoa & Zoë Kuehn (2017): Immigrant networks and remittances. Cheaper together? (Carlo Alberto notebooks 497), Turin, 34 S.
Abstract
"We estimate the causal effects of immigrant networks on individuals' remittance sending behavior for migrants from many different countries residing in Spain. Our methodology addresses typical issues that arise when estimating network effects: reverse causality, common unobserved factors, and self-selection. In particular, we instrument the size of networks by predicting the number of migrants in each location using the location's accessibility by distinct methods of transportation and information about how migrants from each country arrived in Spain. Our findings show that immigrants from above-average remitting countries remit more if they live in larger networks. Testing for mechanisms of network effects, we also find that these migrants are more likely to send remittances via bank transfers, which suggests that large networks of individuals who remit a lot might be better at sharing information about cheaper remittance channels (bank transfers compared to money orders in post offices or agencies). In line with this hypothesis, we find that due to network effects migrants shy away from the most expensive remittance channels, potentially freeing resources for additional remittances. Furthermore, cost spreads between the most expensive and cheapest providers are lower for countries characterized by high remittances and stronger networks, suggesting that network effects might be competition-enhancing." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Remittances as a shield to vulnerable households in Macedonia: the case when the instrument is not strictly exogenous (2017)
Petreski, Marjan; Tumanoska, Despina; Petreski, Blagica;Zitatform
Petreski, Marjan, Blagica Petreski & Despina Tumanoska (2017): Remittances as a shield to vulnerable households in Macedonia. The case when the instrument is not strictly exogenous. In: International migration, Jg. 55, H. 1, S. 20-36. DOI:10.1111/imig.12279
Abstract
"The objective of this article is to investigate whether remittances sent to Macedonia have a role to play for shielding vulnerable households, by highlighting the importance of a strictly exogenous instrument in an IV context. Results suggest that remittance-receiving households have, on average, a 20.1 per cent lower vulnerability than non-receiving ones. However, if one has a reasonable belief that vulnerability and the instrument are determined simultaneously, or are directly correlated due to the existence of a third unobservable factor, then the shielding effect of remittances for vulnerable households remains up to the ninth percentage of direct influence and with a reducing magnitude, and then disappears." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Remittances and the brain drain: evidence from microdata for Sub-Saharan Africa (2016)
Bredtmann, Julia; Otten, Sebastian; Martínez Flores, Fernanda;Zitatform
Bredtmann, Julia, Fernanda Martínez Flores & Sebastian Otten (2016): Remittances and the brain drain. Evidence from microdata for Sub-Saharan Africa. (CReAM discussion paper 2016,27), London, 43 S.
Abstract
"Research on the relationship between high-skilled migration and remittances has been limited by the lack of suitable microdata. We create a unique cross-country dataset by combining household surveys from five Sub-Saharan African countries that enables us to analyze the effect of migrants' education on their remittance behavior. Having comprehensive information on both ends of the migrant-origin household relationship and employing household fixed effects specifications that only use within-household variation for identification allows us to address the problem of unobserved heterogeneity across migrants' origin households. Our results reveal that migrants' education has no significant impact on the likelihood of sending remittances. Conditional on sending remittances, however, high-skilled migrants send significantly higher amounts of money to their households left behind. This effect holds for the sub-groups of internal migrants and migrants in non-OECD countries, while it vanishes for migrants in OECD destination countries once characteristics of the origin household are controlled for." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Remittance behaviours of foreigners in Italy (2016)
Zitatform
Busetta, Annalisa, Valeria Cetorelli & Manuela Stranges (2016): Remittance behaviours of foreigners in Italy. In: International migration, Jg. 54, H. 2, S. 98-118. DOI:10.1111/imig.12213
Abstract
"This article investigates the determinants of remittance behaviours among foreigners in Italy and intends to gain a better understanding of the temporal pattern of remittances. The analysis is based on data from the 2009 'Italian Statistics on Income and Living Conditions of Households with Foreigners'. The decisions on whether to remit and how much to remit are separately yet simultaneously estimated using a zero-inflated beta regression model. The findings reveal that remittances are driven by a mix of altruistic and self-interest motives that may persist for many years. Many covariates included in the model have a different effect on the propensity to remit and on the relative amount of remittances. We find some evidence that the average propensity to remit follows an M-shaped trajectory over time. However, the model specification including only time and time squared proves that the inverted-U shape trajectory, well-established in the literature, still remains a better choice in terms of parsimoniousness and flexibility. Among those who remit, time since migration does not have any significant effect on the normalized amount remitted." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The impact of remittances from Canada's seasonal workers programme on Mexican farms (2016)
Carvajal Gutiérrez, Lidia; Johnson, Thomas G.;Zitatform
Carvajal Gutiérrez, Lidia & Thomas G. Johnson (2016): The impact of remittances from Canada's seasonal workers programme on Mexican farms. In: International Labour Review, Jg. 155, H. 2, S. 297-314. DOI:10.1111/j.1564-913X.2014.00022.x
Abstract
"Based on a survey of participants in Canada's Seasonal Agricultural Workers Program, the authors' three-stage least squares estimation of a simultaneous equation model finds that migrants' remittances enhance on-farm investments in Mexico, which, in turn, increase farm income. Remittances are also found to have a positive influence on non-farm income in Mexico, by giving respondents the possibility of starting a new business and diversifying their investments. These results support the hypothesis underlying the 'new economics of labour migration' that remittances contribute to economic development by relaxing the credit constraint on the investment function of family farms." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Social remittances and intra-EU mobility: non-financial transfers between U.K. and Poland (2016)
Grabowska, Izabela; Garapich, Michal P.;Zitatform
Grabowska, Izabela & Michal P. Garapich (2016): Social remittances and intra-EU mobility. Non-financial transfers between U.K. and Poland. In: Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, Jg. 42, H. 13, S. 2146-2162. DOI:10.1080/1369183X.2016.1170592
Abstract
"The massive rise in intra-European Union (EU) mobility in recent decades has spawned several important social and cultural phenomena that are still not covered by academic research. Social remittances - the transfer of ideas, practices, codes of behaviours, values and norms between the place of origin and destination are an important aspect of social change and modernity and they are still to be explored and documented. However, not all migrants acquire, transfer and implement them in the same way. Ongoing acts of resistance, imitation and innovation are involved, so that some migrants become 'ordinary agents of change' in their local microcosms, while others may contest that change. Tracing these processes in a transnational perspective through a three-year transnational multi-sited qualitative longitudinal research, this article offers an in-depth look at the consequences of human mobility within the enlarged EU." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Remittances and informal work (2016)
Zitatform
Ivlevs, Artjoms (2016): Remittances and informal work. In: International journal of manpower, Jg. 37, H. 7, S. 1172-1190. DOI:10.1108/IJM-08-2015-0117
Abstract
"Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of remittances on informal employment in the migrants' countries of origin, looking both at the remittance-receiving and non-migrant households.
Design/methodology/approach: Using data from a large survey conducted in six transition economies of Eastern Europe and Central Asia, the determinants of three labour market outcomes - not working, working formally and working informally - are estimated in a multinomial probit model. The endogeneity of remittances is dealt with instrumental variables following the two-stage residual inclusion technique. To assess possible impact of remittances on non-migrant households, conditional correlations between the labour market outcomes of non-migrant households and the region-level share of remittance receivers are obtained.
Findings: Both correlational and instrumental variable analyses suggest that that receiving remittances increases the likelihood of working informally. At the regional level, high prevalence of remittances is associated with a higher likelihood of informal work among the non-migrant households. Migration and remittances may thus be contributing to informal employment in migration-sending countries.
Research limitations/implications: The empirical analysis is based on cross-sectional data, which do not allow isolating the effects of unobserved respondent heterogeneity. To deal with this issue, future research could use panel data.
Originality/value: The study explicitly considers the effects of remittances on formal and informal employment of remittances receivers as well as people who do not receive remittances. It advances the understanding of what drives informality in developing and transition economies." (Author's abstract, © Emerald Group) ((en))Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: IZA discussion paper , 10196 -
Literaturhinweis
Remittances and informal work (2016)
Zitatform
Ivlevs, Artjoms (2016): Remittances and informal work. (IZA discussion paper 10196), Bonn, 27 S.
Abstract
"This paper studies the effects of remittances on informal employment in the migrants' countries of origin, looking both at the remittance-receiving and non-migrant households. Using data from the Social Exclusion Survey, conducted in six transition economies in 2009, I find that receiving remittances increases the likelihood of working informally. At the regional level, high prevalence of remittances is associated with a higher likelihood of informal work among non-migrant households. Migration and remittances may thus be contributing to informal employment in migration-sending countries." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Effects of workers' remittances and its volatility on economic growth in South Asia (2016)
Jawaid, Syed Tehseen; Raza, Syed Ali;Zitatform
Jawaid, Syed Tehseen & Syed Ali Raza (2016): Effects of workers' remittances and its volatility on economic growth in South Asia. In: International migration, Jg. 54, H. 2, S. 50-68. DOI:10.1111/imig.12151
Abstract
"This study investigates the effect of workers' remittances and its volatility on economic growth of five South Asian countries by employing long time series data from 1975 to 2009. Cointegration results confirm a significant positive long run relationship between remittances and economic growth in India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal, but a significant negative relationship in Pakistan. Conversely, the volatility of workers' remittances has a negative and significant effect on economic growth in Pakistan, Indian, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, but a negative but insignificant impact in Nepal. All sensitivity analyses confirm that the results are robust. A less volatile inflow of workers' remittances is growth-enhancing for all countries. It is suggested that policy makers should make policies to reduce the transaction cost to welcome remittances into the region. Furthermore, countries like Pakistan should make the policies to discourage voluntary unemployment." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Bilateral real exchange rates and migration (2016)
Zitatform
Keita, Sekou (2016): Bilateral real exchange rates and migration. In: Applied Economics, Jg. 48, H. 31, S. 2937-2951., 2015-09-24. DOI:10.1080/00036846.2015.1133893
Abstract
"Migrants who move across borders are, to a large extent, motivated by the prospect of earning higher incomes at destination, which can be partly transferred back to their countries of origin via remittances. This suggests that the real exchange rate can influence the incentives to migrate, as it determines the purchasing power of expected income in terms of the currency of the origin country. This article investigates empirically how bilateral real exchange rate fluctuations influence international migration flows. To do so, we build a dataset of 30 OECD destination countries and 165 origin countries over the period 1980 - 2011 and estimate an equation derived from a micro-founded random utility maximization model that allows for unobserved heterogeneity between migrants and non-migrants. Our results show that migration flows are highly responsive to bilateral real exchange rates: A 10% real appreciation of the currency of the destination country is associated with an 18.2 - 19.4% increase in migration flows." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Income inequality in host countries and remittances: a discussion of the determinants of portuguese emigrants' remittances (2016)
Mourao, Paulo Reis;Zitatform
Mourao, Paulo Reis (2016): Income inequality in host countries and remittances. A discussion of the determinants of portuguese emigrants' remittances. In: International migration, Jg. 54, H. 5, S. 136-149. DOI:10.1111/imig.12270
Abstract
"The evolution of income inequality in host countries affects the migrants working there. As a significant number of these migrants do not earn high incomes, this evolution tends to significantly affect migrants' abilities to send money back to their home countries. We test this hypothesis considering the evolution of income inequality in 59 countries with Portuguese emigrants through observations from 1996 to 2014. Using the system generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator, we found that an increase in income inequality leads to fewer remittances per emigrant. We also controlled income inequality with several determinants of remittances, including the real GDP per capita, unemployment rate, education skills, and the self-employment rates of the host countries." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Migrants' remittances: channelling globalization (2015)
Zitatform
Anghel, Remus Gabriel, Matloob Piracha & Teresa Randazzo (2015): Migrants' remittances. Channelling globalization. (IZA discussion paper 9516), Bonn, 25 S.
Abstract
"In the past twenty years the ever-growing levels of migrants' remittances made state agencies, international organizations, scholars and practitioners to increasingly consider remittances as one of the main engines to promote globalization and growth in the developing world. By transferring home large amounts of money, information, ideas and practices, migrants and migrant organizations are often seen as able to produce significant changes in countries and localities of origin. Focusing on cases from former socialist countries and around the world, this paper discusses the main debates surrounding the effects and uses of migrant remittances. Furthermore, using different case studies from Europe and Asia, the paper addresses the notion of social remittances, namely the transfers of ideas, practices and norms between societies of origin and destination. It highlights the ideas and practices migrants transfer home, the types of social norms it generates, and the extent to which migration produces transformations in countries of origin." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The economics of immigration (2015)
Zitatform
Bansak, Cynthia, Nicole B. Simpson & Madeline Zavodny (2015): The economics of immigration. Abingdon: Routledge, 338 S.
Abstract
"Economics of Immigration provides students with the tools needed to examine the economic impact of immigration and immigration policies over the past century. Students will develop an understanding of why and how people migrate across borders and will learn how to analyze the economic causes and effects of immigration. The main objectives of the book are for students to understand the decision to migrate; to understand the impact of immigration on markets and government budgets; and to understand the consequences of immigration policies in a global context. From the first chapter, students will develop an appreciation of the importance of immigration as a separate academic field within labor economics and international economics. Topics covered include the effect of immigration on labor markets, housing markets, international trade, tax revenues, human capital accumulation, and government fiscal balances. The book also considers the impact of immigration on what firms choose to produce, and even on the ethnic diversity of restaurants and on financial markets, as well as the theory and evidence on immigrants' economic assimilation. The textbook includes a comparative study of immigration policies in a number of immigrant-receiving and sending countries, beginning with the history of immigration policy in the United States. Finally, the book explores immigration topics that directly affect developing countries, such as remittances, brain drain, human trafficking, and rural-urban internal migration." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Makroökonomische Implikationen von Arbeitsmigration und Migrantentransfers (2015)
Bennöhr, Lars;Zitatform
Bennöhr, Lars (2015): Makroökonomische Implikationen von Arbeitsmigration und Migrantentransfers. (Schriften zur Wirtschaftstheorie und Wirtschaftspolitik 46), Frankfurt am Main: Lang, 194 S. DOI:10.3726/978-3-653-05213-8
Abstract
"Diese Studie untersucht Migration und private Transfers im monetären makroökonomischen Kontext. Anhand theoretischer Modelle wird aufgezeigt, wie sich die Zusammenhänge zwischen dem Migrationsstrom und den damit verbundenen Transferleistungen der Migranten auf der einen Seite und anderen makroökonomischen Kennzahlen wie Inflation, Wechselkurs und Output auf der anderen Seite vor dem Hintergrund verschiedener Modellannahmen darstellen. Bevor die Thematik modelltheoretisch und anhand numerischer Experimente untersucht werden kann, wird zunächst zusammengetragen, was die Literatur an Hilfestellungen hervorgebracht hat, um Migration und Remittances plausibel zu modellieren." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Handbook of the economics of international migration: vol. 1 (2015)
Chiswick, Barry R.; Grossmann, Volker; Miller, Paul W.; Naufal, George S.; Blau, Francine D.; Nijkamp, Peter ; Brown, Richard P.C.; Okonkwo Osili, Una; Cadena, Brian C.; Orcutt Duleep, Harriet; Chiswick, Barry R.; Orrenius, Pia; Cohen-Goldner, Sarit; Ortega, Francesc ; Duncan, Brian; Ours, Jan C. van; Fairlie, Robert W.; Paulson, Anna L.; Ferrer, Ana; Poot, Jacques ; Glitz, Albrecht; Pozo, Susan; Gregory, R.G.; Rica, Sara de la; Hatton, Timothy J.; Simpson, Nicole B.; Kahn, Lawrence M. ; Smith, James P.; Lofstrom, Magnus; Spang, Mikael; Martin, Philip ; Sparber, Chad ; Bevelander, Pieter; Sweetman, Arthur; Brunow, Stephan ; Trejo, Stephen J.; Chiswick, Carmel U.; Vargas-Silva, Carlos; Dustmann, Christian; Williamson, Jeffrey G.; Ferrie, Joseph P.; Worswick, Christopher; Bedard, Kelly; Zavodny, Madeline ; Kohler, Wilhelm ; Antecol, Heather; McDonald, James Ted; Amuedo-Dorantes, Catalina; Chin, Aimee; Bodvarsson, Örn B.; Miller, Paul W.; Cortes, Kalena E.; Jimenez-Soto, Eliana; Felbermayr, Gabriel ; Görlach, Joseph-Simon; Adserà, Alícia; Lucas, Robert E.B.; Abdul-Razzak, Nour;Zitatform
Grossmann, Volker, Paul W. Miller, George S. Naufal, Francine D. Blau, Peter Nijkamp, Richard P.C. Brown, Una Okonkwo Osili, Brian C. Cadena, Harriet Orcutt Duleep, Barry R. Chiswick, Pia Orrenius, Sarit Cohen-Goldner, Francesc Ortega, Brian Duncan, Jan C. van Ours, Robert W. Fairlie, Anna L. Paulson, Ana Ferrer, Jacques Poot, Albrecht Glitz, Susan Pozo, R.G. Gregory, Sara de la Rica, Timothy J. Hatton, Nicole B. Simpson, Lawrence M. Kahn, James P. Smith, Magnus Lofstrom, Mikael Spang, Philip Martin, Chad Sparber, Pieter Bevelander, Arthur Sweetman, Stephan Brunow, Stephen J. Trejo, Carmel U. Chiswick, Carlos Vargas-Silva, Christian Dustmann, Jeffrey G. Williamson, Joseph P. Ferrie, Christopher Worswick, Kelly Bedard, Madeline Zavodny, Wilhelm Kohler, Heather Antecol, James Ted McDonald, Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes, Aimee Chin, Örn B. Bodvarsson, Kalena E. Cortes, Eliana Jimenez-Soto, Gabriel Felbermayr, Joseph-Simon Görlach, Alícia Adserà, Robert E.B. Lucas & Nour Abdul-Razzak, Chiswick, Barry R. & Paul W. Miller (Hrsg.) (2015): Handbook of the economics of international migration. Vol. 1. (Handbooks in economics), Burlington: Elsevier, 1658 S.
Abstract
- Migration Theory
Örn B. Bodvarsson, Nicole B. Simpson, Chad Sparber (3-51)
- Two Centuries of International Migration
Joseph P. Ferrie, Timothy J. Hatton (55-88)
Cameo 1 - World Migration in Historical Perspective: Four Big Issues
Jeffrey G. Williamson (89-101)
- The Adjustment of Immigrants in the Labor Market
Harriet Orcutt Duleep (105-182)
- The Human Capital (Schooling) of Immigrants in America
James P. Smith (183-210)
- International Migration and the Economics of Language
Barry R. Chiswick, Paul W. Miller (183-210)
- Immigrants and Immigrant Health
Heather Antecol, Kelly Bedard (271-314)
- Immigrants and Demography: Marriage, Divorce, and Fertility
Alícia Adserà, Ana Ferrer 315-374
Cameo 2 - Immigrants and Religion
Carmel U. Chiswick (375-385)
- Immigrants' Access to Financial Services and Asset Accumulation
Nour Abdul-Razzak, Una Okonkwo Osili, Anna L. Paulson (387-442)
- From Aliens to Citizens: The Political Incorporation of Immigrants
Pieter Bevelander, Mikael Spång (443-488)
- Selective Out-Migration and the Estimation of Immigrants' Earnings Profiles
Christian Dustmann, Joseph-Simon Görlach (489-533)
- High-Skilled Immigration in a Globalized Labor Market
James Ted McDonald, Christopher Worswick (537-583)
- The Refugee/Asylum Seeker
Aimee Chin, Kalena E. Cortes (585-658)
- Undocumented Immigration and Human Trafficking
Pia Orrenius, Madeline Zavodny (659-716)
- Guest or Temporary Foreign Worker Programs
Philip Martin (717-773)
Index ( 775-790)
- Immigration and the Distribution of Incomes
Francine D. Blau, Lawrence M. Kahn (793-843)
- The Fiscal Impact of Immigrants: Taxes and Benefits
Carlos Vargas-Silva (845-875)
- Immigration and Entrepreneurship
Robert W. Fairlie, Magnus Lofstrom (845-875)
- Migration, International Trade, and Capital Formation: Cause or Effect?
Gabriel Felbermayr, Volker Grossmann, Wilhelm Kohler (913-1025)
- The Impact of International Migration on Economic Growth in the Global Economy
Stephan Brunow, Peter Nijkamp, Jacques Poot (1027-1075)
- Migration and Remittances
Richard P.C. Brown, Eliana Jimenez-Soto (1077-1140)
- Immigration: What About the Children and Grandchildren?
Arthur Sweetman, Jan C. van Ours (1141-1193)
- The Labor Market Integration and Impacts of US Immigrants
Brian C. Cadena, Brian Duncan, Stephen J. Trejo (1197-1259)
- Regional Studies: Latin America and the Caribbean
Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes, Susan Pozo (1261-1302)
- Immigration in Europe: Trends, Policies, and Empirical Evidence
Sara de la Rica, Albrecht Glitz, Francesc Ortega (1303-1362)
- Immigrants in Israel
Sarit Cohen-Goldner (1363-1420)
- The Two-Step Australian Immigration Policy and its Impact on Immigrant Employment Outcomes
R.G. Gregory (1363-1420)
- African Migration
Robert E.B. Lucas (1445-1596)
- The Economics of Migration in the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries
George S. Naufal (1597-1640) -
Literaturhinweis
How do migrants save?: evidence from the British Household Panel Survey on temporary and permanent migrants versus natives (2015)
De Arcangelis, Giuseppe; Joxhe, Majlinda;Zitatform
De Arcangelis, Giuseppe & Majlinda Joxhe (2015): How do migrants save? Evidence from the British Household Panel Survey on temporary and permanent migrants versus natives. In: IZA journal of migration, Jg. 4, S. 1-23. DOI:10.1186/s40176-015-0034-y
Abstract
"This paper investigates the saving behavior of migrants in the UK across different dimensions, i.e., comparing temporary versus permanent migrants and migrants versus natives. Established theoretical predictions show that migrants save more when they plan to stay in the destination only temporarily as target savers. Our empirical evidence takes into account the contemporaneous choice of savings and remittances. Moreover, when comparing the saving profiles of both natives and migrants, we uncover the weight of observable socio-economic characteristics other than income and wealth. We use the British Household Panel Survey for the period 1991-2008. The estimation results confirm that temporary migrants have a propensity to save 26 per cent higher than permanent migrants in UK. We also introduce an index of financial capability adjusted for income as an explanatory variable and, when employing the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition for the Tobit model of saving choice, migrants are more affected by observable social-economic characteristics than natives." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
A global view of cross-border migration (2015)
Zitatform
Di Giovanni, Julian, Andrei A. Levchenko & Francesc Ortega (2015): A global view of cross-border migration. In: Journal of the European Economic Association, Jg. 13, H. 1, S. 168-202. DOI:10.1111/jeea.12110
Abstract
"This paper evaluates the global welfare impact of observed levels of migration using a quantitative multi-sector model of the world economy calibrated to aggregate and firm-level data. Our framework features cross-country labor productivity differences, international trade, remittances, and a heterogeneous workforce. We compare welfare under the observed levels of migration to a no-migration counterfactual. In the long run, natives in countries that received a lot of migration -- such as Canada or Australia -- are better off due to greater product variety available in consumption and as intermediate inputs. In the short run, the impact of migration on average welfare in these countries is close to zero, while the skilled and unskilled natives tend to experience welfare changes of opposite signs. The remaining natives in countries with large emigration flows -- such as Jamaica or El Salvador -- are also better off due to migration, but for a different reason: remittances. The welfare impact of observed levels of migration is substantial, at about 5% to 10% for the main receiving countries and about 10% in countries with large incoming remittances." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Remittances and the wage impact of immigration (2015)
Olney, William W.;Zitatform
Olney, William W. (2015): Remittances and the wage impact of immigration. In: The Journal of Human Resources, Jg. 50, H. 3, S. 694-727. DOI:10.3368/jhr.50.3.694
Abstract
"This paper examines how the outflow of remittances affect the wages of native workers. The model shows that the wage impact of immigration depends on the competing effects of an increase in labor market competition and an increase in the consumer base. Immigrant remittances provide a unique way of isolating this latter effect because they reduce the consumer base but not the workforce. The predictions of the model are tested using an unusually rich German data set that has detailed information on remittances and wages. As expected, the results indicate that a 1 percent increase in remittances depress the wages of native workers by 0.06 percent. Furthermore, remittances predominantly affect workers in nontraded industries that are more reliant on domestic consumption." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Measuring remittances through surveys: methodological and conceptual issues for survey designers and data analysts (2014)
Zitatform
Brown, Richard, Jørgen Carling, Sonja Fransen & Melissa Siegel (2014): Measuring remittances through surveys. Methodological and conceptual issues for survey designers and data analysts. In: Demographic Research, Jg. 31, S. 1243-1274. DOI:10.4054/DemRes.2014.31.41
Abstract
"Background: The accurate measurement of migrant remittances is central to understanding both the dynamics and the consequences of migration. Empirical studies rely on survey data about remittances, which are difficult to collect in a precise and reliable form.
Objective: We explore the complexities and the challenges associated with the design of surveys on migrants' remittances, drawing upon our experiences over a number of studies in which we compiled and analysed data on migrants' remittances across a wide range of countries and contexts. Our goal is not to prescribe specific solutions, but rather to raise awareness of key methodological choices and their implications, not only among those engaged in survey design, but also among analysts who rely on data collected by others.
Methods: We specify a number of definitional, methodological, and conceptual issues the researcher must address before embarking on the task of survey and questionnaire design. These include the need to take into account the various forms that remittances may take, the different channels through which they are transferred, the parties and relationships which could be involved, and the differences in the perspectives of senders and recipients, and of individuals and households. We also examine the implications of survey issues related to the sensitivity and the reliability of responses.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that both survey designers and analysts who are relying on survey data collected by others should (1) be aware of the specific methodological choices involved in collecting survey data about remittances; and (2) set priorities that reflect (a) the substantive objective of the study, (b) the particular context at hand, and (c) the value of generating results comparable to those of surveys in other contexts." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
Do low-skilled migrants contribute more to home country income?: evidence from South Asia (2014)
Cooray, Arusha;Zitatform
Cooray, Arusha (2014): Do low-skilled migrants contribute more to home country income? Evidence from South Asia. In: The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy, Jg. 14, H. 3, S. 1185-1212. DOI:10.1515/bejeap-2013-0102
Abstract
"A recursive system is employed to investigate the indirect effect of out-migration on gross domestic product (GDP) through remittances in South Asia, namely Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Out-migration is further disaggregated by skill level and country of destination (Middle East and other), and their effects on GDP through remittances are examined. The results suggest that migration and remittances have an important significant effect on the GDP of the countries under study. Of the skill categories, the unskilled category has the largest robust indirect effect on GDP. The effects of migration on GDP by country of destination suggest that migration to the Middle East has a robust and significant impact on GDP. There is some evidence of a combination between the altruistic and self-interested motives of migrants' to remit." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Evidence on policies to increase the development impacts of international migration (2014)
McKenzie, David; Yang, Dean;Zitatform
McKenzie, David & Dean Yang (2014): Evidence on policies to increase the development impacts of international migration. (CReAM discussion paper 2014,38), London, 50 S.
Abstract
"International migration offers individuals and their families the potential to experience immediate and large gains in their incomes, and offers a large number of other positive benefits to the sending communities and countries. However, there are also concerns about potential costs of migration, including concerns about trafficking and human rights, a desire for remittances to be used more effectively, and concerns about externalities from skilled workers being lost. As a result there is increasing interest in policies which can enhance the development benefits of international migration and mitigate these potential costs. We provide a critical review of recent research on the effectiveness of these policies at three stages of the migration process: pre-departure, during migration, and directed towards possible return. The existing evidence base suggests some areas of policy success: bilateral migration agreements for countries whose workers have few other migration options, developing new savings and remittance products that allow migrants more control over how their money is used, and some efforts to provide financial education to migrants and their families. Suggestive evidence together with theory offers support for a number of other policies, such as lowering the cost of remittances, reducing passport costs, offering dual citizenship, and removing exit barriers to migration. Research offers reasons to be cautious about some policies such as enforcing strong rights for migrants like high minimum wages. Nevertheless, we find the evidence base to be weak for many policies, with no reliable research on the impact of most return migration programs, nor for whether countries should be trying to induce communal remitting through matching funds." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Ukrainian labour migration and remittances in the Czech Republic (2014)
Strielkowski, Wadim; Weyskrabova, Blanka;Zitatform
Strielkowski, Wadim & Blanka Weyskrabova (2014): Ukrainian labour migration and remittances in the Czech Republic. In: Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie. Journal of Economic and Social Geography, Jg. 105, H. 1, S. 30-45. DOI:10.1111/tesg.12052
Abstract
"Our paper analyses Ukrainian migration and remittances in the Czech Republic using the data from a Ukrainian Migration Project (UMP) survey. Due to its advantageous geographical location in the heart of Europe, the Czech Republic attracts the considerable part of foreign labour among all Central and Eastern European countries (CEE), with Ukrainian workers being the largest group. Our results reveal that the main determinants of Ukrainian labour migration in the Czech Republic are demographic and economic, while the human capital turns out to be insignificant. We also find that the majority of the remittances earned in the Czech Republic go to the construction of houses in Ukraine. Our findings of determinants and motives of migration and remittances might help policy-makers on both sides of the migration corridor to formulate proper policies aiming at enhancing the Ukrainian remittance transfers from CEECs and ameliorating the quality of life in Ukraine." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Intra-EU migration from Slovakia: an evaluation of new economics of labour migration and migrant networks theories (2013)
Zitatform
Bahna, Miloslav (2013): Intra-EU migration from Slovakia. An evaluation of new economics of labour migration and migrant networks theories. In: European Societies, Jg. 15, H. 3, S. 388-407. DOI:10.1080/14616696.2012.707669
Abstract
"This paper focuses on migration from Slovakia in the context of migration from the 10 countries which became European Union members in May 2004. While on the aggregate level these migration flows confirm the basic assumptions of the neoclassic migration theory, this study tests if insights from the new economics of labour migration (NELM) and migrant network theory are confirmed by those movements. Contrary to Mexico US migration, such theory evaluation is rather rare in European migration research which is probably caused by the requirement of detailed and reliable datasets. We try to overcome this inconvenience by using Labour Force Survey data. Those data include the necessary information about the households of migrants that can be used to test for predicted interactions. We show on post 2004 labour migration from Slovakia that foreign employment of a household member creates remittance flows and, as expected by the NELM theory, improves the income situation of the household. However, remittances are produced only if the migrating household members are in the position of parents. This finding has consequences for remittance estimations as most of the post accession migration are single young migrants. The existence of intra- and trans-generational migrant networks is also confirmed by our multivariate analysis. While both types of network effects are gender specific, the gender factor seems to be stronger in the case of transgenerational networks. Besides the strong and significant influence of networks that increase the odds of migration to a destination where migrant family members are present, we found preliminary evidence of a 'culture of migration' in the households of migrants." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Migration from the Eastern Partnership Countries to the European Union - options for a better future: costs and benefits of labour mobility between the EU and the Eastern Partnership Countries. Final report (2013)
Zitatform
Barbone, Luca, Martin Kahanec, Lucia Kureková & Klaus F. Zimmermann (2013): Migration from the Eastern Partnership Countries to the European Union - options for a better future. Costs and benefits of labour mobility between the EU and the Eastern Partnership Countries. Final report. (IZA research report 55), Bonn, 46 S.
Abstract
"This study presents a summary of the findings and recommendations stemming from the project entitled 'Costs and Benefits of Labour Mobility between the EU and the Eastern Partnership Countries' for the European Commission (...). In this Final Paper, we first summarize the evidence on costs and benefits of migration specifically for EaP and EU countries. We find that (i) the balance of costs and benefits is positive for both sending and receiving countries; (ii) costs can be reduced, and benefits maximized, by the use of appropriate policies that facilitate mobility and integration of migrants and their families, and that help manage the economic consequences of large remittance flows; (iii) labour migrants from the EaP countries could help the member states of the European Union to fill skills gaps at all levels over the next few years, as the demographic transition intensifies in Europe. As a result of the analysis and findings of this project, we propose a gradual liberalisation of mobility between the European Union and the Eastern Partnership countries as a first-best policy alternative." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Labour migration and social networks participation in southern mozambique (2013)
Gallego, Juan M.; Mendola, Mariapia;Zitatform
Gallego, Juan M. & Mariapia Mendola (2013): Labour migration and social networks participation in southern mozambique. In: Economica, Jg. 80, H. 320, S. 721-759. DOI:10.1111/ecca.12031
Abstract
"This paper investigates how social networks in poor developing settings are affected by migration. Using a unique household survey from southern Mozambique, we test the role of labour mobility in shaping participation in groups and interhousehold cooperation by migrant-sending households in village economies at origin. We find that migration cum remittances boosts household engagement in community-based social networks. Our findings are robust to alternative definitions of social interaction and to endogeneity concerns, suggesting that stable migration ties and higher income stability through remittances may decrease participation constraints and increase household commitment in cooperative arrangements in migrant-sending communities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Remittances and occupational outcomes of the household members left-behind (2013)
Zitatform
Piracha, Matloob, Teresa Randazzo & Florin Vadean (2013): Remittances and occupational outcomes of the household members left-behind. (IZA discussion paper 7582), Bonn, 25 S.
Abstract
"This paper analyses the role of remittances and migration on the occupational outcomes of the household members left behind in Tajikistan. Using the control function approach, we show that, contrary to some existing evidence, there is no 'dependency' effect of remittances. Our results show that remittances received by households in Tajikistan have an important contribution to generate employment opportunities for those remaining in the country. This is likely to have a positive impact on the growth and development in Tajikistan. The results obtained are likely to have policy implications for other developing countries as well." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Remittances and migration intentions of the left-behind (2013)
Zitatform
Piracha, Matloob & Amrita Saraogi (2013): Remittances and migration intentions of the left-behind. (IZA discussion paper 7779), Bonn, 39 S.
Abstract
"Migration and the consequent flow of remittances are like a double-edged sword; while keeping many out of poverty, they can also result in further brain drain and demographic imbalance for the country. Using a large household survey data from Moldova and employing simultaneous equations model we show that there exists a dual causality between receipt of remittances by non-migrants and their migration intentions. Moreover, we add a novel element to the empirical literature by being the first to be able to specify the mechanism behind the link between remittances and migration. We find evidence that remittances not only relieve credit constraints in the home country but also act as a signalling device of success in the host country. These results provide a fresh outlook on the role of remittances in shaping migration flows in the migrant sending countries." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Barriers for successful capitalization on returning migrants: international comparative working paper (2013)
Schroth, Jan;Zitatform
Schroth, Jan (2013): Barriers for successful capitalization on returning migrants. International comparative working paper. Leipzig, 21 S.
Abstract
"The International comparative working paper on barriers for successful capitalization of returning migrants has been conducted by IOM International Organization for Migration in Prague.
The paper summarizes the activities and outputs of the research phase of the Re-Turn project, to give useful recommendations for the realization of the different pilot actions. In particular, the outcomes of the paper are focused on the identification of barriers and the needs for policy intervention. In summary it helps to answer these crucial questions:
- What problems do returnees face?
- What barriers make return migration difficult?
- What can we learn for the project's WP4 activities (development of tools, methods and service concepts for supporting capitalization on return migration) and for policy measures in general?
- How can we help return migrants and businesses in home regions?" (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
Gender, educational attainment, and the impact of parental migration on children left behind (2012)
Antman, Francisca M.;Zitatform
Antman, Francisca M. (2012): Gender, educational attainment, and the impact of parental migration on children left behind. In: Journal of population economics, Jg. 25, H. 4, S. 1187-1214. DOI:10.1007/s00148-012-0423-y
Abstract
"Estimation of the causal effect of parental migration on children's educational attainment is complicated by the fact that migrants and nonmigrants are likely to differ in unobservable ways that also affect children's educational outcomes. This paper suggests a novel way of addressing this selection problem by looking within the family to exploit variation in siblings' ages at the time of parental migration. The basic assumption underlying the analysis is that parental migration will have no effect on the educational outcomes of children who are at least 20 years old because they have already completed their education. Their younger siblings, in contrast, may still be in school, and thus will be affected by the parental migration experience. The results point to a statistically significant positive effect of paternal US migration on education for girls, suggesting that pushing a father's US migration earlier in his daughter's life can lead to an increase in her educational attainment of up to 1 year relative to delaying migration until after she has turned 20 years old. In contrast, paternal domestic migration has no statistically significant effect on educational attainment for girls or boys, suggesting that father absence does not play a major role in determining children's educational outcomes. Instead, these results suggest that the marginal dollars from US migrant remittances appear to enable families to further educate their daughters. Thus, policymakers should view international migration as a potential pathway by which families raise educational attainments of girls in particular." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The macroeconomic impact of remittances: a sending country perspective (2012)
Zitatform
Baas, Timo & Silvia Maja Melzer (2012): The macroeconomic impact of remittances. A sending country perspective. (Norface migration discussion paper 2012-21), London, 30 S.
Abstract
"Using data for Germany, we analyze the impact of migration and remittances by developing an open-economy general equilibrium model with heterogeneous households. Within the model, the flows of remittances depend on the altruism of households. Households with higher altruism coefficient derive a higher utility from consumption of distant household members. Estimating the interrelation between household characteristic and remittances, we are able to derive altruism coefficients for different types of households. Applying the coefficients to our model, we show that remittances affect the macroeconomy primarily through the real exchange rate channel. Stronger remittances outflows depreciate the real exchange rate and give incentives to reallocate resources from the non-tradable towards tradable goods sectors. In the case of Germany, this translates into a converse dutch disease phenomenon." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Synthesis report: Supply of remigrants and demand of businesses (2012)
Borsic, Darja; Pasic, Polona;Zitatform
Borsic, Darja & Polona Pasic (2012): Synthesis report: Supply of remigrants and demand of businesses. Leipzig, 20 S.
Abstract
"The Synthesis Report on Supply of remigrants and demand of businesses brings together results from different activities that were carried out in the analytical part of the Re-Turn project. As information on the phenomenon of return migration is not available from census data or public registries, an online survey was conducted among emigrants and returned migrants from Central European countries. The survey results were then mirrored in a series of workshops with returned migrants in the Re-Turn case study regions.
The overall aim of the Re-Turn project is to provide original knowledge to 'home regions' about efficient ways of capitalizing on return migration. Therefore, also a look on the local labour demand was necessary. Methodologically, we gathered information through expert interviews with representatives of local businesses as well as business intermediaries (e.g. labour office representatives, chambers of trade and commerce, business associations etc.). Additionally, a set of feedback workshops was organized in the Re-Turn case study regions, during which other business representatives commented and discussed the former interview results. A final conclusion discusses the findings and derives some recommendations for the further pilot activities in the Re-Turn project." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
Migrants' international transfers and educational expenditure: empirical evidence from Albania (2012)
Cattaneo, Cristina;Zitatform
Cattaneo, Cristina (2012): Migrants' international transfers and educational expenditure. Empirical evidence from Albania. In: Economics of Transition, Jg. 20, H. 1, S. 163-193. DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0351.2011.00414.x
Abstract
"The primary objective of this article is to cast some light upon the relationship between education expenditure and the volume of remittances sent to Albania from abroad by international migrants. To assess the existence of an education enhancing effect of remittances, an Engel curve framework is used. In addition, quintile regression analysis is employed to investigate whether migrants' remittances have a differentiated effect on various quantiles of the conditional distribution of education consumption. The two main empirical findings are that household income has a positive and well-determined impact on education expenditure, whereas international transfers do not influence education spending." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Split decisions: family finance when a policy discontinuity allocates overseas work (2012)
Zitatform
Clemens, Michael A. & Erwin Tiongson (2012): Split decisions. Family finance when a policy discontinuity allocates overseas work. (IZA discussion paper 7028), Bonn, 52 S.
Abstract
"Labor markets are increasingly global. Overseas work can enrich households but also split them geographically, with ambiguous net effects on decisions about work, investment, and education. These net effects, and their mechanisms, are poorly understood. We study a policy discontinuity in the Philippines that resulted in quasi-random assignment of temporary, partial-household migration to high-wage jobs in Korea. This allows unusually reliable measurement of the reduced-form effect of these overseas jobs on migrant households. A purpose-built survey allows non-experimental tests of different theoretical mechanisms for the reduced-form effect. We also explore how reliably the reduced-form effect could be measured with standard observational estimators. We find large effects on spending, borrowing, and human capital investment, but no effects on saving or entrepreneurship. Remittances appear to overwhelm household splitting as a causal mechanism." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Remittances, migrants' education and immigration policy: theory and evidence from bilateral data (2012)
Docquier, Frederic; Salomone, Sara; Rapoport, Hillel;Zitatform
Docquier, Frederic, Hillel Rapoport & Sara Salomone (2012): Remittances, migrants' education and immigration policy. Theory and evidence from bilateral data. In: Regional science and urban economics, Jg. 42, H. 5, S. 817-828. DOI:10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2012.06.001
Abstract
"We investigate the relationship between remittances and migrants' education both theoretically and empirically, using original bilateral remittance data. At a theoretical level we lay out a model of remittances interacting migrants' human capital with two dimensions of immigration policy: restrictiveness, and selectivity. The model predicts that the relationship between remittances and migrants' education is ambiguous and depends on the immigration policy conducted at destination. The effect of education is more likely to be positive when the immigration policy is more restrictive and less skill-selective. These predictions are then tested empirically using bilateral remittance and migration data and proxy measures for the restrictiveness and selectivity of immigration policies at destination. The results strongly support the theoretical analysis, suggesting that immigration policies determine the sign and magnitude of the relationship between remittances and migrants' education." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Quantifying the impact of highly-skilled emigration on developing countries (2012)
Docquier, Frédéric; Rapoport, Hillel;Zitatform
Docquier, Frédéric & Hillel Rapoport (2012): Quantifying the impact of highly-skilled emigration on developing countries. In: T. Boeri, H. Brücker, F. Docquier & H. Rapoport (Hrsg.) (2012): Brain drain and brain gain : the global competition to attract high-skilled migrants, S. 209-296.
Abstract
"Part II first provides (in Chapter 8) a quantitative assessment of the evolution and spatial distribution of the brain drain using updated data an emigration rates to the OECD by educational attainment. We expand the coverage of the database by introducing non-OECD host countries, study the age of entry structure of skilled emigration, and document the brain drain of scientists and of health-care professionals. In Chapter 9 we review the channels through which skilled emigration can affect the source countries. In particular, recent literature suggests that remittances, return migration, diaspora externalities, and network effects favouring international transactions and technology diffusion, as well as brain gain channels, may compensate the sending countries for their loss of human capital. We divide these channels into 'human capital', 'screening-selection', 'productivity', and 'institutional' channels, and also analyse the links between brain drain and remittances. The development of a simple partial equilibrium model allows us to combine these various channels in an integrated setting. Using numerical experiments and parameters taken from existing empirical studies, we then quantify the costs and gains of the brain drain for developing countries and analyse how these balance out." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Gender and remittances: evidence from Germany (2012)
Holst, Elke; Schäfer, Andrea; Schrooten, Mechthild;Zitatform
Holst, Elke, Andrea Schäfer & Mechthild Schrooten (2012): Gender and remittances. Evidence from Germany. In: Feminist economics, Jg. 18, H. 2, S. 201-230. DOI:10.1080/13545701.2012.692478
Abstract
"This study focuses on gender-specific determinants of remittances in Germany. The conceptual approach considers gender roles and naturalization to be crucial in the immigrant's decision to remit. For the empirical investigation, the authors use data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) study for the years 2001 - 6. The findings show, first, that individual income differences in the country of residence cannot sufficiently explain why foreign national women remit less than men in absolute terms. Second, men who are naturalized citizens remit far less than men who are foreign nationals. Thus, in the group of naturalized German citizens, gender differences in the amount of remittances disappear. This can be explained by the fact that acquisition of citizenship makes family reunification in Germany more likely. Third, network structures in the country of origin might help to explain differences between men and women and between foreign nationals and naturalized citizens in the amount remitted." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Immigration, remittances and business cycles (2012)
Mandelman, Federico S.; Zlate, Andrei;Zitatform
Mandelman, Federico S. & Andrei Zlate (2012): Immigration, remittances and business cycles. In: Journal of monetary economics, Jg. 59, H. 2, S. 196-213. DOI:10.1016/j.jmoneco.2012.01.004
Abstract
"Using data on border enforcement and macroeconomic indicators from the U.S. and Mexico, we estimate a two-country business cycle model of labor migration and remittances. The model matches the cyclical dynamics of unskilled migration, and documents the insurance role of remittances in consumption smoothing. Over the cycle, immigration increases with the expected stream of future wage gains, but it is dampened by a sunk emigration cost. Migration barriers slow the adjustment of the stock of immigrant labor, enhancing the volatility of unskilled wages and remittances. Changes in border enforcement have asymmetric welfare implications for the skilled and unskilled households." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Expats and the Labor Force: The Story of the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries (2012)
Naufal, G.; Genc, I.;Zitatform
Naufal, G. & I. Genc (2012): Expats and the Labor Force. The Story of the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries. (The Economics of the Middle East), New York: Palgrave Macmillan US - Palgrave Macmillan, XVIII, 179 S. DOI:10.1057/9781137117854
Abstract
"An investigation into the labor force in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries primarily focusing on labor migration and remittances. The GCC countries have the highest share of foreign labor in the world. The authors examine the multidimensional aspects of such a large foreign population." (Verlagsangaben)
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Literaturhinweis
Trading on gender: the perversity of Asian labour exports as an economic development strategy (2012)
Rosewarne, Stuart;Zitatform
Rosewarne, Stuart (2012): Trading on gender. The perversity of Asian labour exports as an economic development strategy. In: Work Organisation, Labour and Globalisation, Jg. 6, H. 1, S. 81-94.
Abstract
"The Philippines, Sri Lanka and Indonesia have promoted female labour migration as a strategy for generating export revenue in the form of income remittances in order to relieve external balance problems and as a source of investment funds. This strategy has relied largely on these countries' exploitation of their comparative advantage in the supply of workers for low-paid service sector work, and especially domestic work, on limited-term work permits and on conditions of employment that leave women vulnerable to a range of abuses. Labour market disadvantage has become institutionalised in this global labour market and, while there has been substantial growth in its scale, the evidence that labour exports provide the basis for delivering and maintaining economic benefits for individuals or the broader economy is questionable." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Remitting behaviour of Turkish migrants: evidence from household data in Germany (2012)
Ulku, Hulya;Zitatform
Ulku, Hulya (2012): Remitting behaviour of Turkish migrants. Evidence from household data in Germany. In: Urban studies, Jg. 49, H. 14, S. 3139-3158. DOI:10.1177/0042098012437747
Abstract
"This paper provides an empirical analysis of the remittances of Turkish migrants using novel data from 589 households in Berlin, which holds the largest Turkish community outside Turkey. The findings suggest that the remittances of Turkish migrants are determined mainly by a combination of self-interest and tempered altruism. Comparison of migrant groups who do and do not intend to return to Turkey shows that those intending to return remit mostly for self-interest and remit larger amounts, while those with no such intention remit mainly due to implicit loan agreement within the family. There is no evidence of pure altruism in any of the samples. In addition, remitters are more likely to increase the amount of remittances where they are to be spent on education and investment. The same relationship does not hold for basic needs." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Remittances and the brain drain revisited: the microdata show that more educated migrants remit more (2011)
Bollard, Albert; McKenzie, David; Morten, Melanie; Rapoport, Hillel;Zitatform
Bollard, Albert, David McKenzie, Melanie Morten & Hillel Rapoport (2011): Remittances and the brain drain revisited. The microdata show that more educated migrants remit more. In: The World Bank Economic Review, Jg. 25, H. 1, S. 132-156. DOI:10.1093/wber/lhr013
Abstract
"Two of the most salient trends in migration and development over the last two decades are the large rise in remittances and in the flow of skilled migrants. However, recent literature based on cross-country regressions has claimed that more educated migrants remit less, leading to concerns that further increases in skilled migration will impede remittance growth. Microdata from surveys of immigrants in 11 major destination countries are used to revisit the relationship between education and remitting behavior. The data show a mixed pattern between education and the likelihood of remitting, and a strong positive relationship between education and amount remitted (intensive margin), conditional on remitting at all (extensive margin). Combining these intensive and extensive margins yields an overall positive effect of education on the amount remitted for the pooled sample, with heterogeneous results across destinations. The microdata allow investigation of why the more educated remit more, showing that the higher income earned by migrants, rather than family characteristics, explains much of the higher remittances." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Remittances, migrants' education and immigration policy: theory and evidence from bilateral data (2011)
Docquier, Frederic; Rapoport, Hillel; Salomone, Sara;Zitatform
Docquier, Frederic, Hillel Rapoport & Sara Salomone (2011): Remittances, migrants' education and immigration policy. Theory and evidence from bilateral data. (IZA discussion paper 6104), Bonn, 30 S.
Abstract
"We investigate the relationship between remittances and migrants' education both theoretically and empirically, using original bilateral remittance data. At a theoretical level we lay out a model of remittances interacting migrants' human capital with two dimensions of immigration policy: restrictiveness, and selectivity. The model predicts that the relationship between remittances and migrants' education is ambiguous and depends on the immigration policy conducted at destination. The effect of education is more likely to be positive when the immigration policy is more restrictive and less skill-selective. These predictions are then tested empirically using bilateral remittance and migration data and proxy measures for the restrictiveness and selectivity of immigration policies at destination. The results strongly support the theoretical analysis, suggesting that immigration policies determine the sign and magnitude of the relationship between remittances and migrants' education." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Remittances and gender: theoretical considerations and empirical evidence (2011)
Holst, Elke; Schrooten, Mechthild; Andrea Schäfer, Andrea;Zitatform
Holst, Elke, Andrea Andrea Schäfer & Mechthild Schrooten (2011): Remittances and gender. Theoretical considerations and empirical evidence. (DIW-Diskussionspapiere 1099), Berlin, 35 S.
Abstract
"In this paper, we focus on network- and gender-specific determinants of remittances, which are often explained theoretically by way of intra-family contracts. We develop a basic formal concept that includes aspects of the transnational network and derive hypotheses from it. For our empirical investigation, we use data from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP) for the years 2001-2006. Our findings show: first, the fact that foreign women remit less money than foreign men can be explained by the underlying transnational network contract. Second, remittances sent by foreigners and naturalized immigrants have at least partly different determinants. Acquiring German citizenship increases the probability of family reunification in the destination country and decreases remittances. Third, the structure of the existing social network in Germany and the network structure in the home country both play important roles in explaining remittances." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: IZA discussion paper , 5472 -
Literaturhinweis
Remittances and gender: theoretical considerations and empirical evidence (2011)
Holst, Elke; Andrea Schäfer, Andrea; Schrooten, Mechthild;Zitatform
Holst, Elke, Andrea Andrea Schäfer & Mechthild Schrooten (2011): Remittances and gender. Theoretical considerations and empirical evidence. (IZA discussion paper 5472), Bonn, 38 S.
Abstract
"In this paper, we focus on network- and gender-specific determinants of remittances, which are often explained theoretically by way of intra-family contracts. We develop a basic formal concept that includes aspects of the transnational network and derive hypotheses from it. For our empirical investigation, we use data from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP) for the years 2001-2006. Our findings show: first, the fact that foreign women remit less money than foreign men can be explained by the underlying transnational network contract. Second, remittances sent by foreigners and naturalized immigrants have at least partly different determinants. Acquiring German citizenship increases the probability of family reunification in the destination country and decreases remittances. Third, the structure of the existing social network in Germany and the network structure in the home country both play important roles in explaining remittances." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: DIW-Diskussionspapiere , 1099 -
Literaturhinweis
Remittances or technological diffusion: which drives domestic gains from brain drain? (2011)
Le, Thanh; Bodman, Philip M.;Zitatform
Le, Thanh & Philip M. Bodman (2011): Remittances or technological diffusion: which drives domestic gains from brain drain? In: Applied Economics, Jg. 43, H. 18, S. 2277-2285. DOI:10.1080/00036840903153838
Abstract
"This article examines the impact of technological diffusion and international migrants' remittances on the economic development of less-developed countries. The hypothesis that skilled workers, living and working overseas, can effectively channel technological knowledge back to their home country, which in turn contributes to that country's economic growth, is tested utilizing data on the stock of high-skilled workers from 50 developing countries working in industrialized countries over the last two decades. Results obtained lend strong support to this hypothesis. In addition, the effect that remittances from workers in developed countries, which are used for investment purposes in developing countries, have on the rate of growth of those developing economies is investigated. Our empirical evidence indicates that this remittance channel exerts a significant, positive impact on growth, although quantitatively the contribution of such investment-oriented remittances in driving sustainable economic development appears to be somewhat smaller than that of more general technological diffusion." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Aspekt auswählen:
Aspekt zurücksetzen
- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
- Einwanderungspolitik
- Auswirkungen von Migration
- Wanderungsmotivation und Rückwanderung
- Arbeitslosigkeit und Arbeitsmarktpolitik
- Qualifikation, Bildung und Beschäftigung
- Integration und soziale Teilhabe
- internationale Aspekte
- Personengruppen