Digitale Arbeitswelt – Chancen und Herausforderungen für Beschäftigte und Arbeitsmarkt
Der digitale Wandel der Arbeitswelt gilt als eine der großen Herausforderungen für Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. Wie arbeiten wir in Zukunft? Welche Auswirkungen hat die Digitalisierung auf Beschäftigung und Arbeitsmarkt? Welche Qualifikationen werden künftig benötigt? Wie verändern sich Tätigkeiten und Berufe?
Diese Infoplattform dokumentiert Forschungsergebnisse zum Thema Arbeit 4.0 in den verschiedenen Wirtschaftsbereichen.
- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
- Gesamtbetrachtungen/Positionen
- Arbeitsformen, Arbeitszeit und Gesundheit
- Qualifikationsanforderungen und Berufe
- Arbeitsplatz- und Beschäftigungseffekte
- Wirtschaftsbereiche
- Arbeits- und sozialrechtliche Aspekte
- Bundesländer
- andere Länder/ internationaler Vergleich
- Besondere Personengruppen
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Literaturhinweis
Are they coming for us? Industrial robots and the mental health of workers (2024)
Zitatform
Abeliansky, Ana Lucia, Matthias Beulmann & Klaus Prettner (2024): Are they coming for us? Industrial robots and the mental health of workers. In: Research Policy, Jg. 53, H. 3. DOI:10.1016/j.respol.2024.104956
Abstract
"How does the increasing use of robots affect the mental health of workers? To investigate this question, we combine individual mental health data from the German Socioeconomic Panel with data on the stock of robots in 14 manufacturing sectors provided by the International Federation of Robotics for the period 2002–2018. Using mediation analysis andan instrumental variable approach, we find that higher robot intensity is associated with deteriorating mental health, an effect that is mainly driven by worries about job security and a lower sense of achievement on the job. A heterogeneity analysis reveals that higher robot intensity has particularly severe negative effects on the mental health of workers close to retirement, in low-skilled occupations and performing routine jobs. Women and men are affected similarly, as are workers of all educational levels. Our results indicate the presence of hidden (health) costs of automation that policymakers need to address." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Organisational inhibition and promotion of flexible working in digitalised work environments (2024)
Zitatform
Abendroth, Anja-Kristin & Mareike Reimann (2024): Organisational inhibition and promotion of flexible working in digitalised work environments. In: New Technology, Work and Employment, Jg. 39, H. 1, S. 39-62. DOI:10.1111/ntwe.12275
Abstract
"Work-related use of digital information and communication technology (ICT) is not restricted to specific working sites and times. For employees, this can involve opportunities for flexible working, that is, having control over when and where to work. Applying an organisational comparative perspective, we examined whether adherence to the ideal worker norm inhibits and adherence to family-friendliness promotes flexible working as a consequence of ICT use. Linked employer–employee survey data from large German work organisations revealed that employees worked more flexibly in time and place due to work-related ICT use when supervisory work-life support was common. Mixed evidence is provided for the prevalence of ideal worker norm expectations. We conclude that work-life support in the organisation is a required complementary practice of flexible working for employees, promoting its dissemination." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Are we yet sick of new technologies? The unequal health effects of digitalization (2024)
Zitatform
Arntz, Melanie, Sebastian Findeisen, Stephan Maurer & Oliver Schlenker (2024): Are we yet sick of new technologies? The unequal health effects of digitalization. (CEP discussion paper / Centre for Economic Performance 1984), London, 52 S.
Abstract
"This study quantifies the relationship between workplace digitalization, i.e., the increasing use of frontier technologies, and workers' health outcomes using novel and representative German linked employer-employee data. Based on changes in individual-level use of technologies between 2011 and 2019, we find that digitalization induces similar shifts into more complex and service-oriented tasks across all workers but exacerbates health inequality between cognitive and manual workers. Unlike more mature, computer-based technologies, frontier technologies of the recent technology wave substantially lower manual workers' subjective health and increase sick leave, while leaving cognitive workers unaffected. We provide evidence that the effects are mitigated in firms that provide training and assistance in the adjustment process for workers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Weiterführende Informationen
auch erschienen als: Working Papers 19, University of Konstanz -
Literaturhinweis
Displaced or depressed? Working in automatable jobs and mental health (2024)
Zitatform
Blasco, Sylvie, Julie Rochut & Benedicte Rouland (2024): Displaced or depressed? Working in automatable jobs and mental health. In: Industrial Relations online erschienen am 04.01.2024. DOI:10.1111/irel.12356
Abstract
"Automation may destroy jobs and change the labor demand structure, thereby potentially impacting workers' mental health. Implementing propensity score matching on French individual survey data, we find that working in an automatable job is associated with a 3 pp increase in the probability of suffering from mental disorders. Fear of automation through fear of job loss, expectation of a required change in skills, and fear of unwanted job mobility seem to be relevant channels to explain the findings." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Digital Technologies and Firms' Employment and Training (2024)
Zitatform
Caselli, Mauro, Edwin Fourrier-Nicolai, Andrea Fracasso & Sergio Scicchitano (2024): Digital Technologies and Firms' Employment and Training. (CESifo working paper 11056), München, 63 S.
Abstract
"This study examines the causal influence of digital technologies, specifically operational (ODT) and information digital technologies (IDT), on firms' employment structure using Italian firm-level data. It employs a unique empirical approach, constructing instrumental variables based on predetermined employment composition and global technological progress, proxied by patents. Findings indicate that IDT investment positively affects employment, favoring a skilled, IT-competent workforce, as supported by firms' training and recruitment plans. Conversely, ODT investment does not significantly alter total employment but skews the workforce towards temporary contracts. The study contributes methodologically by distinguishing between ODT and IDT and highlighting nuanced employment dynamics within firms." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Wishing for More: Technological Change, the Rise of Involuntary Part-Time Employment and the Role of Active Labour Market Policies (2024)
Zitatform
Doorn, Lars Van & Olaf van Vliet (2024): Wishing for More: Technological Change, the Rise of Involuntary Part-Time Employment and the Role of Active Labour Market Policies. In: Journal of Social Policy, Jg. 53, H. 3, S. 751-771. DOI:10.1017/S0047279422000629
Abstract
"Technological change has squeezed the demand for middle-skill jobs, which typically involve routine-intense tasks. This squeeze has coincided with an increase in the number of part-time working individuals who wish to work more hours. We argue that these two trends are linked. Due to the decline of middle-skill employment, medium-educated workers shift into low-skill employment, increasing the supply of labor for jobs in this segment of the labor market. This pushes those dependent on these jobs to accept part-time jobs, even if these involve fewer hours than they prefer. To empirically assess this claim, we analyze involuntary part-time employment across 16 European countries between 1999 and 2010. Our analysis confirms that a decline in middle-skill employment is associated with an increase in involuntary part-time employment at the bottom end of the labor market. This finding implies that the automation of routine-intense labour worsens employment possibilities in this segment of the labor market. However, we show that training and job creation schemes mitigate this effect. These programs cushion competition either by providing medium-educated workers with the necessary skills to shift into high-skill jobs or by increasing employment possibilities. Thus, governments have the tools to support workers facing challenges in the knowledge economy." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The effects of automation in the apparel and automotive sectors and their gender dimensions (2024)
Fana, Marta ; Tejani, Sheeba; Kucera, David; Esquivel, Valeria; Bárcia De Mattos, Fernanda; Anzolin, Guendalina;Zitatform
Fana, Marta, Fernanda Bárcia De Mattos, Valeria Esquivel, Guendalina Anzolin, David Kucera & Sheeba Tejani (2024): The effects of automation in the apparel and automotive sectors and their gender dimensions. (JRC science for policy report 136639), Brüssel, 66 S.
Abstract
"This report is the final output of a research project investigating the effects of automation on employment in the automotive, apparel and footwear industries in five countries, namely Germany, Indonesia, Mexico, Romania, and Spain. The main objective of this project has been to improve our understanding of how ongoing processes of technological upgrading, particularly automation, impact women's and men's employment and work in these industries. Our findings suggest that, in the short term, close to the introduction of new automation technology, the impact on employment takes the form of reassignment of workers directly involved in automated processes to other positions, tasks, and occupations. This study also explored the impact of automation in terms of work organization and working conditions. Across the case studies, it emerged that the adoption of automation technologies has reduced heavy and repetitive tasks and improved health and safety for workers directly concerned by automation. Another interesting and related common finding is the reduction of workers' autonomy who are now subject to more standardization of tasks together with an ongoing process of deskilling of operators. Finally, in the apparel and footwear sector, we did not find evidence of defeminisation at the establishment level as well as the automotive factories remains highly male-dominated. Cultural norms and stereotypes which influence not only the jobs women and men apply to and get hired for, but also which training and education they engage in, contribute to this gender segregation in both sectors." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Basiswissen BWL: New Work (2024)
Hillebrecht, Steffen;Zitatform
Hillebrecht, Steffen (2024): Basiswissen BWL: New Work. In: Das Wirtschaftsstudium, Jg. 53, H. 3, S. 227-228.
Abstract
"New Work ist das Bemühen, Arbeit anders als bislang zu organisieren, anders mit ihr umzugehen und ihr neuen Sinn zu verleihen. (vgl. Väth, S.41 ff.; vgl. Rehfeld). Der Begriff reflektiert zugleich die neuen Anforderungen, die sich durch die neue Arbeitswelt, insbesondere durch die Globalisierung, die Digitalisierung, neue Arten der Zusammenarbeit und durch die künstliche Intelligenz (KI) ergeben. Richtig umgesetzt kann New Work zu einem Kulturwandel im Unternehmen führen." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku, © Lange Verlag)
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Literaturhinweis
Robots, meaning, and self-determination (2024)
Zitatform
Nikolova, Milena, Femke Cnossen & Boris Nikolaev (2024): Robots, meaning, and self-determination. In: Research Policy, Jg. 53, H. 5. DOI:10.1016/j.respol.2024.104987
Abstract
"This paper is the first to examine the impact of robotization on work meaningfulness, autonomy, competence, and relatedness, which are essential to motivation and well-being at work. Using surveys of workers and robotization data for 14 industries in 20 European countries spanning 2005–2021, we find a consistent negative impact of robotization on perceived work meaningfulness and autonomy. Using instrumental variables, we find that doubling robotization leads to a 0.9 % decrease in work meaningfulness and a 1 % decline in autonomy. To put this in perspective, if the robotization levels of the top 5 industry were to match those of the leading industry in terms of robot adoption in 2020 (equivalent to a 7.5-fold increase), it would result in a decline of 6.8 % in work meaningfulness and 7.5 % in autonomy. The link between robotization, competence, and relatedness is also negative but less robust. We also examine how tasks, skills, and socio-demographic characteristics moderate the main relationships. We find that workers with routine tasks experience an even greater negative effect of robotization in terms of declines in their autonomy, competence, and relatedness. However, we also discover that utilizing computers as tools for independent work can help workers maintain a sense of autonomy, competence, and relatedness in industries and job roles that adopt robots. Our results highlight that by deteriorating work meaningfulness and self-determination, robotization can impact work life above and beyond its consequences for employment and wages." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Boundary Work Tactics and Their Effects on Information and Communication Technology Use After Hours and Recovery (2024)
Zitatform
Reinke, Kathrin, Lisa Niederkrome & Sandra Ohly (2024): Boundary Work Tactics and Their Effects on Information and Communication Technology Use After Hours and Recovery. In: Journal of Personnel Psychology, Jg. 23, H. 1, S. 36-48. DOI:10.1027/1866-5888/a000335
Abstract
"With an increasing use of work-related technologies after hours and mobile working, boundaries between work and personal life domains blur more and more, impairing recovery. Qualitative studies have shown that individuals use various boundary work tactics to actively manage their work–nonwork boundaries. However, it remains largely unknown how the use of such tactics contributes to recovery. This research differentiates types of availability-related boundary work tactics and organizes them according to their underlying motives: preventive, restrictive, and rejecting tactics. The results of a cross-sectional study (N = 249) and a validation study (N = 175) support the proposed motive-oriented structure of tactics and show differential prediction of psychological detachment and relaxation. Implications for practice and future research are discussed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2023 Hogrefe Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The job demands-resources model as a theoretical lens for the bright and dark side of digitization (2024)
Scholze, Alexander; Hecker, Achim;Zitatform
Scholze, Alexander & Achim Hecker (2024): The job demands-resources model as a theoretical lens for the bright and dark side of digitization. In: Computers in Human Behavior, Jg. 155. DOI:10.1016/j.chb.2024.108177
Abstract
"With digitization continuing to reshape work environments, organizations must confront the challenges of comprehending its “bright side” and “dark side” effects. A growing imperative exists to comprehend how digitization affects employee well-being and to create sustainable health-centric workplaces. The established Job Demands-Resources model offers a pertinent theoretical framework for gaining fresh insights into alterations in job demands and resources caused by digitization. This study extends the Job Demands-Resources model to include digital job demands and resources by utilizing a sample of 898 white-collar employees. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling was employed to investigate digitization's interrelationships and dependencies within an organizational context. The results confirm that the Job Demands-Resources model offers a holistic approach to investigating the concrete effects of the “dark side" and “bright side" of digitization in a concrete work scenario and to classify them in a theoretically structured way. This study offers starting points for the future design of workplaces and strategies for organizations to harness the positive aspects of digitization while concurrently mitigating the psychological stress on employees." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
New Work(Load)?: Gestaltungsansätze für selbstorganisierte Formen der Arbeitsorganisation (2023)
Ahlers, Elke;Zitatform
Ahlers, Elke (2023): New Work(Load)? Gestaltungsansätze für selbstorganisierte Formen der Arbeitsorganisation. (WSI policy brief 78), Düsseldorf, 15 S.
Abstract
"Ziel dieses Policy Briefs ist, die veränderten Arbeitskulturen der digitalen Arbeitswelt und die dadurch entstehenden Arbeitsbelastungen aufzuzeigen. Kapitel 2 gibt dazu einen einführenden Überblick. Im Anschluss daran wird auch das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen Selbstorganisation, Eigenverantwortung, Leistung und den entstehenden sozialen und gesundheitlichen Risiken thematisiert (Kapitel 3). Darauf aufbauend werden passende Gestaltungsansätze Guter Arbeit (Kapitel 4) sowie ein partizipationsorientiertes Betriebliches Gesundheitsmanagement (Kapitel 6) skizziert. Zusammenfassend werden in einem Fazit Gestaltungsnotwendigkeiten aufgezeigt" (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Mutualism, class composition, and the reshaping of worker organisation in platform work and the gig economy (2023)
Zitatform
Alberti, Gabriella & Simon Joyce (2023): Mutualism, class composition, and the reshaping of worker organisation in platform work and the gig economy. In: Global Labour Journal, Jg. 14, H. 3, S. 220-235. DOI:10.15173/glj.v14i3.5332
Abstract
"This article contributes an understanding of mutualism as a foundational element in emergent worker collectivism. We challenge mainstream institutionalist accounts in industrial relations, especially from the Global North, that downplay processes of bottom-up regeneration of working-class organization. We discuss compositional accounts of class formation and examine previous understandings of mutualism, then apply our conceptual framework to evidence from international literature and our own research on platform work in Italy and the UK. Three important themes emerge in understanding worker self-organization: the demographics of the workforce, including migration backgrounds and social ties beyond the workplace; the existence of social relations in the ethnic/political/local community; and the relevance of free spaces of resource sharing and recomposition in the absence of a fixed place of work. We conclude that an understanding of mutualism can help to grasp emergent solidarities among new groups of workers within and beyond both platform work and trade unions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
How new ways of working during COVID-19 affect employee well-being via technostress, need for recovery, and work engagement (2023)
Zitatform
Andrulli, Rémi & Ruud Gerards (2023): How new ways of working during COVID-19 affect employee well-being via technostress, need for recovery, and work engagement. In: Computers in Human Behavior, Jg. 139. DOI:10.1016/j.chb.2022.107560
Abstract
"COVID-19 led to a surge in employees experiencing New Ways of Working (NWW), as many had to work from home supported by ICT. This paper studies how experiencing NWW during COVID-19 affected job-related affective well-being (JAWS) for a sample of employees of the Dutch working population. Hypotheses are tested using Preacher and Hayes' (Behav Res Methods 40 (3):879–891, 2008) bootstrap method, including technostress, need for recovery and work engagement as serial mediators. The results show that higher levels of NWW relate to higher JAWS, to more feelings of positive well-being (PAWS), and less feelings of negative well-being (NAWS). Much of these relations is indirect, via reduced technostress and need for recovery, and increased work engagement. Distinguishing the separate facets of NWW and their relations to PAWS/NAWS, the results show that NWW facets management of output, access to colleagues and access to information directly relate to less negative well-being. However, as the NWW facet time- and location-independent work negatively relates to feelings of positive well-being, NWW as a bundle of facets is not a set-and-forget strategy. Therefore, this study recommends that NWW be supplemented with regular monitoring of employees' well-being, technostress, need for recovery and work engagement." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Does Robotization Affect Job Quality?: Evidence from European Regional Labour Markets (2023)
Zitatform
Antón, José-Ignacio, Enrique Fernández-Macías & Rudolf Winter-Ebmer (2023): Does Robotization Affect Job Quality? Evidence from European Regional Labour Markets. In: Industrial Relations, Jg. 62, H. 3, S. 233-256. DOI:10.1111/irel.12324
Abstract
"Whereas there are recent papers on the effect of robot adoption on employment and wages, there is no evidence on how robots affect non-monetary working conditions. We explore the impact of robot adoption on several domains of non-monetary working conditions in Europe over the period 1995–2005 combining information from the World Robotics Survey and the European Working Conditions Survey. In order to deal with the possible endogeneity of robot deployment, we employ an instrumental variables strategy, using the robot exposure by sector in other developed countries as an instrument. Our results indicate that robotization has a negative impact on the quality of work in the dimension of work intensity and no relevant impact on the domains of physical environment or skills and discretion." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Technostress and Job Performance: Understanding the Negative Impacts and Strategic Responses in the Workplace (2023)
Atrian, Armita; Ghobbeh, Saleh;Zitatform
Atrian, Armita & Saleh Ghobbeh (2023): Technostress and Job Performance: Understanding the Negative Impacts and Strategic Responses in the Workplace. (arXiv papers), 13 S.
Abstract
"This study delves into the increasingly pertinent issue of technostress in the workplace and its multifaceted impact on job performance. Technostress, emerging from the rapid integration of technology in professional settings, is identified as a significant stressor affecting employees across various industries. The research primarily focuses on the ways in which technostress influences job performance, both negatively and positively, depending on the context and individual coping mechanisms. Through a blend of qualitative and quantitative methodologies, including surveys and in-depth interviews, the study examines the experiences of employees from diverse sectors. It highlights how technostress manifests in different forms: from anxiety and frustration due to constant connectivity to the pressure of adapting to new technologies. The paper also explores the dual role of technology as both a facilitator and a hindrance in the workplace. Significant findings indicate that technostress adversely impacts job performance, leading to decreased productivity, diminished job satisfaction, and increased turnover intentions. However, the study also uncovers that strategic interventions, such as training programs, supportive leadership, and fostering a positive technological culture, can mitigate these negative effects. These interventions not only help in managing technostress but also in harnessing the potential of technology for enhanced job performance. Furthermore, the research proposes a model outlining the relationship between technostress, coping mechanisms, and job performance. This model serves as a framework for organizations to understand and address the challenges posed by technostress. The study concludes with recommendations for future research, particularly in exploring the long-term effects of technostress and the efficacy of various coping strategies." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Coworking Atmospheres: On the Interplay of Curated Spaces and the View of Coworkers as Space-acting Subjects (2023)
Bernhardt, Alexandra;Zitatform
Bernhardt, Alexandra (2023): Coworking Atmospheres. On the Interplay of Curated Spaces and the View of Coworkers as Space-acting Subjects. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 475 S.
Abstract
"The study by Alexandra Bernhardt deals with coworking spaces and their atmospheres. In addition to a comprehensive consideration of the role of atmospheres, the special significance of community in the context of these work spaces is examined in more detail. Two case studies in urban coworking spaces form the core of the investigation, following a qualitative research design oriented towards ethnography and a plurality of methods. In the context of the analysis, on the one hand, what constitutes coworking in everyday life and thus the new communality at work is considered: relevant practices and rituals, spatial arrangements and atmospheres are elaborated in their composition. On the other hand, coworkers, their spatial actions, and the attitudes associated with them come into closer focus: It is shown how users access coworking spaces as work and community spaces and what role atmospheres play. In addition, social entities are highlighted that are taken up by coworkers in relation to their coworking space and that help shape everyday coworking space life. Tensions that arise from the coexistence of community and service logic are also uncovered, and how they are dealt with is examined in more detail." (Publisher information, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Weiterführende Informationen
Inhaltsverzeichnis -
Literaturhinweis
Burnout im Homeoffice: Auswirkungen von Arbeitsanforderungen und Arbeitsressourcen im Homeoffice auf Burnout und Schlafqualität (2023)
Bogodistov, Yevgen; Schweigkofler, Mirjam; Moormann, Jürgen;Zitatform
Bogodistov, Yevgen, Jürgen Moormann & Mirjam Schweigkofler (2023): Burnout im Homeoffice: Auswirkungen von Arbeitsanforderungen und Arbeitsressourcen im Homeoffice auf Burnout und Schlafqualität. In: Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft, Jg. 77, H. 3, S. 375-389. DOI:10.1007/s41449-023-00373-7
Abstract
"Die Zahl der Abwesenheiten von Mitarbeitenden aufgrund von Burnout steigt mit jedem Jahr weiter an. Gleichzeitig hat sich aufgrund der Corona-Pandemie der Trend zum Homeoffice als neue Arbeitsform massiv verstärkt. Für Unternehmen entsteht daraus die Notwendigkeit, ihre Mitarbeitenden darin zu unterstützen, mit diesen Veränderungen umzugehen. In dem vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Auswirkungen von Arbeitsanforderungen (Job Demands) und Arbeitsressourcen (Job Resources) im Homeoffice auf Burnout und Schlafqualität untersucht. Die empirischen Ergebnisse, die mittels einer Online-Umfrage erhoben wurden, zeigen, dass die Arbeitsanforderungen zum Auftreten von persönlichem und arbeitsbezogenem Burnout beitragen, während die Arbeitsressourcen keinen Effekt auf die Linderung von Burnout haben. Die Studie zeigt zudem, dass ein arbeitsbezogener Burnout das Risiko eines persönlichen Burnouts erhöht. Persönlicher Burnout erhöht die Schlaflosigkeit, während arbeitsbezogener Burnout die Schlaflosigkeit nur indirekt beeinflusst. Arbeitsanforderungen und Arbeitsressourcen erhöhen die Schlafprobleme nicht direkt; allerdings verschärfen die Arbeitsanforderungen indirekt (über Burnout) die Schlaflosigkeit. Die in dieser Arbeit gewonnenen Ergebnisse bilden den Grundstein für zukünftige Studien zum Themenbereich Neue Arbeitsformen, Burnout und Schlafqualität." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Digitalisierung aus Beschäftigtensicht: Fehlende Mitgestaltung, belastender Zusatzaufwand, mangelnde Wertschätzung (2023)
Carls, Kristin; Splett, Barbara; Gehrken, Hinrich; Thamm, Lukas; Kuhlmann, Martin;Zitatform
Carls, Kristin, Hinrich Gehrken, Martin Kuhlmann, Barbara Splett & Lukas Thamm (2023): Digitalisierung aus Beschäftigtensicht. Fehlende Mitgestaltung, belastender Zusatzaufwand, mangelnde Wertschätzung. In: WSI-Mitteilungen, Jg. 76, H. 2, S. 83-92. DOI:10.5771/0342-300X-2023-2-83
Abstract
"Auf Basis von qualitativen und quantitativen Daten aus vergleichenden Fallstudien werden Beschäftigtenwahrnehmungen von betrieblichen Digitalisierungsprozessen im Hinblick auf Arbeits- und Gesundheitswirkungen analysiert und Ansatzpunkte für eine gesundheitsförderliche Gestaltung von Digitalisierungsprozessen formuliert. Folgende Befunde stehen dabei im Mittelpunkt: Digitalisierung produziert nicht vorrangig neue, sondern verschärft vor allem bestehende körperliche, umgebungs- und leistungsbezogene Belastungen. Grund hierfür sind in erster Linie betriebliche Gestaltungsdefizite in Form fehlender Mitgestaltungsmöglichkeiten der Beschäftigten und eines nicht ausreichend an den Arbeitsprozess angepassten Technikeinsatzes. Diese Konstellation ist nicht nur für das Wohlbefinden der Beschäftigten belastend ; sie führt außerdem zu Missachtungserfahrungen bezogen auf subjektive Anerkennungs- und Gestaltungsansprüche. Für eine gesundheitsförderlichere Gestaltung von Digitalisierungsprozessen ist es somit zentral, dass institutionalisierte Organisationsformen für Technikmitgestaltung geschaffen und so ein unmittelbarer Arbeitsbezug von Gestaltungsprozessen hergestellt werden." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
ChatGPT, Cobots & Co: Wie neue Automatisierungstechnologien die Arbeitswelt verändern (2023)
Zitatform
Dicks, Alexander, Martin Ehlert, Insa Grüttgen, Benjamin Schulz & Basha Vicari (2023): ChatGPT, Cobots & Co. Wie neue Automatisierungstechnologien die Arbeitswelt verändern. In: WZB-Mitteilungen H. 180, 2023-05-10.
Abstract
"Künstliche Intelligenz und Automatisierung werden zur Zeit heftig diskutiert. Wie können diese neuen Technologien und Anwendungen Menschen bei ihrer Arbeit unterstützen? Werden Arbeitsplätze durch KI ersetzt? Die Angst vor Arbeitsplatzverlust durch Digitalisierung und vor Fremdbestimmung ist eine weit verbreitete Sorge. Ziel der hier vorgestellten Studie ist es herauszufinden, wie weit digitale Assistenzsysteme verbreitet sind, wer sie nutzt und wie sich das auf verschiedene Beschäftigtengruppen auswirkt." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Ähnliche Treffer
also released in English -
Literaturhinweis
Digital Nomads: Toward a Future Research Agenda (2023)
Zitatform
Dreher, Nick & Anna Triandafyllidou (2023): Digital Nomads: Toward a Future Research Agenda. (Working papers / Toronto Metropolitan University 2023,04), Toronto, 27 S.
Abstract
"As pandemic lockdowns forced many traditional office workers to work from home, a subset of these workers left their countries of employment altogether to join a growing movement of location-independent transnational digital workers. These digital nomads have captured the imagination of mainstream and social media, which have promulgated images of laptop laden millennials from the Global North working within sight of a beach in Bali one month and from an Airbnb in a hip Buenos Aires neighborhood the next. Despite the media attention, academic scholarship on this topic is limited. What does exist appears primarily in the business and management literature, especially journals focused on information technology (IT) and tourism, as well as the sociological subfield of leisure studies. To date, scholars of migration have barely engaged with the topic, despite the subliterature on lifestyle migration providing a valuable theoretical antecedent to discussions of digital nomadism. This paper offers a critical overview of what is known about digital nomadism so far and argues that migration scholars should seriously consider this topic in the years ahead. Theoretical frameworks and methodological approaches from migration scholarship could help to better understand what digital nomadism means for the future of work and the social contract between citizen and nation-state. There are also important implications for the nomadlands — the destinations where these remote workers temporarily reside. The recent appearance of over 30 digital nomad visas is one early sign of destination countries considering a policy response." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Working Remotely?: Selection, Treatment, and the Market for Remote Work (2023)
Emanuel, Natalia; Harrington, Emma;Zitatform
Emanuel, Natalia & Emma Harrington (2023): Working Remotely? Selection, Treatment, and the Market for Remote Work. (Staff reports / Federal Reserve Bank of New York 1061), New York, NY, 95 S.
Abstract
"How does remote work affect productivity and how productive are workers who choose remote jobs? We estimate both effects in a U.S. Fortune 500 firm's call centers that employed both remote and on-site workers in the same jobs. Prior to COVID-19, remote workers answered 12 percent fewer calls per hour than on-site workers. When the call centers closed due to COVID-19, the productivity of formerly on-site workers declined by 4 percent relative to already-remote workers, indicating that a third of the initial gap was due to a negative treatment effect of remote work. Yet an 8 percent productivity gap persisted, indicating that the majority of the productivity gap was due to negative worker selection into remote work. Difference-in-differences designs also indicate that remote work degraded call quality— particularly for inexperienced workers—and reduced workers' promotion rates. In a model of the market provision of remote work, we find that firms were in a prisoner's dilemma: all firms would have gained from offering comparable remote and on-site jobs, but any individual firm was loathe to attract less productive workers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Job Satisfaction and the Digital Transformation of the Public Sector: The Mediating Role of Job Autonomy (2023)
Zitatform
Fleischer, Julia & Camilla Wanckel (2023): Job Satisfaction and the Digital Transformation of the Public Sector: The Mediating Role of Job Autonomy. In: Review of Public Personnel Administration online erschienen am 12.01.2023, S. 1-22. DOI:10.1177/0734371X221148403
Abstract
"Worldwide, governments have introduced novel information and communication technologies (ICTs) for policy formulation and service delivery, radically changing the working environment of government employees. Following the debate on work stress and particularly on technostress, we argue that the use of ICTs triggers “digital overload” that decreases government employees’ job satisfaction via inhibiting their job autonomy. Contrary to prior research, we consider job autonomy as a consequence rather than a determinant of digital overload, because ICT-use accelerates work routines and interruptions and eventually diminishes employees’ freedom to decide how to work. Based on novel survey data from government employees in Germany, Italy, and Norway, our structural equation modeling (SEM) confirms a significant negative effect of digital overload on job autonomy. More importantly, job autonomy partially mediates the negative relationship between digital overload and job satisfaction, pointing to the importance of studying the micro-foundations of ICT-use in the public sector." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Digitalization Boost of the Covid‐19 Pandemic and Changes in Job Quality (2023)
Zitatform
Friedrich, Teresa Sophie & Basha Vicari (2023): The Digitalization Boost of the Covid‐19 Pandemic and Changes in Job Quality. In: Social Inclusion, Jg. 11, H. 4, S. 274-286., 2023-09-18. DOI:10.17645/si.v11i4.7082
Abstract
"The Covid‐19 pandemic caused a digitalization boost, mainly through the rise of telework. Even before the pandemic, advancing digital transformation restructured the way of working and thereby changed the quality of jobs—albeit at a different pace across occupations. With data from the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS), we examine how job quality and the use of digital technologies changed during the first pandemic year in different occupations. Building on this, we analyze change score models to investigate how increased workplace digitalization connects to changes in selected aspects of employees’ subjective job quality. We find only a weak association between the digitalization boost in different occupational fields and the overall decrease in subjective job quality. However, telework—as one aspect of digitalization—is connected to a smaller decrease in work–family reconciliation and conformable working hours. Thus, it may buffer some detrimental pandemic effects on job quality. In addition, telework is connected to increased information overload, creating a new burden for specific employee groups." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
A machine learning approach for assessing labor supply to the online labor market (2023)
Fung, Esabella;Zitatform
Fung, Esabella (2023): A machine learning approach for assessing labor supply to the online labor market. (MPRA paper / University Library of Munich 118844), München, 28 S.
Abstract
"The online labor market, comprised of companies such as Upwork, Amazon Mechanical Turk, and their freelancer workforce, has expanded worldwide over the past 15 years and has changed the labor market landscape. Although qualitative studies have been done to identify factors related to the global supply to the online labor market, few data modeling studies have been conducted to quantify the importance of these factors in this area. This study applied tree-based supervised learning techniques, decision tree regression, random forest, and gradient boosting, to systematically evaluate the online labor supply with 70 features related to climate, population, economics, education, health, language, and technology adoption. To provide machine learning explainability, SHAP, based on the Shapley values, was introduced to identify features with high marginal contributions. The top 5 contributing features indicate the tight integration of technology adoption, language, and human migration patterns with the online labor market supply." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Artificial Intelligence and Workers' Well-Being (2023)
Zitatform
Giuntella, Osea, Johannes König & Luca Stella (2023): Artificial Intelligence and Workers' Well-Being. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 16485), Bonn, 43 S.
Abstract
"This study explores the relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) and workers' well-being and mental health using longitudinal survey data from Germany (2000-2020). We construct a measure of individual exposure to AI technology based on the occupation in which workers in our sample were first employed and explore an event study design and a difference-in-differences approach to compare AI-exposed and non-exposed workers. Before AI became widely available, there is no evidence of differential pre-trends in workers' well-being and concerns about their economic futures. Since 2015, however, with the increasing adoption of AI in firms across Germany, we find that AI-exposed workers have become less satisfied with their life and job and more concerned about job security and their personal economic situation. However, we find no evidence of a significant impact of AI on workers' mental health, anxiety, or depression." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als SOEPpapers 1194, DIW Berlin -
Literaturhinweis
Mental Stress and Strain Assessment in Digital Work: The Measurement Instrument MESTAT for Employees and Leaders (2023)
Hagemann, Vera ; Hesenius, Marc; Meinecke, Jonathan; Schaper, Martina; Klumpp, Matthias; Ruiner, Caroline; Debbing, Christina;Zitatform
Hagemann, Vera, Jonathan Meinecke, Martina Schaper, Christina Debbing, Caroline Ruiner, Matthias Klumpp & Marc Hesenius (2023): Mental Stress and Strain Assessment in Digital Work. The Measurement Instrument MESTAT for Employees and Leaders. In: Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie, Jg. 67, H. 1, S. 16-30. DOI:10.1026/0932-4089/a000387
Abstract
"Bei der Digitalisierung von Arbeitsplätzen stehen Unternehmen vor der Herausforderung, eine potenzielle Zunahme der mentalen Arbeitsbelastung für Mitarbeitende und Führungskräfte zu analysieren, zu bewerten und zu mindern. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, ein Instrument zur Bewertung von psychischer Belastung und Beanspruchung in digitalen Arbeitskontexten sowie den damit verbundenen Entwicklungsprozess und die Validierung vorzustellen. Basierend auf einer Literatur- und Instrumentenanalyse und einer Interviewstudie wurde ein Bewertungsinstrument entwickelt und in zwei Studien validiert (N = 245; N = 279), was letztendlich zu einem Instrument mit 139 Items führte: 27 Items zu demografischen Aspekten und 112 Items, die auf fünf Kategorien verteilt sind (Arbeitsaufgabe und -tätigkeit, Arbeitsablauf und Organisation, Arbeitsumgebung, Organisationsklima und persönliche Einstellung). Um die Validität des Instruments zu demonstrieren, wurde ein Strukturgleichungsmodell basierend auf dem Job Demands-Resources-Modell berechnet. Das daraus resultierende Instrument ist universell einsetzbar und kann nicht nur von HR-Personal angewendet werden." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, © 2021 Hogrefe Verlag)
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Literaturhinweis
Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung auf die Arbeit und Gesundheit von Beschäftigten im Freistaat Thüringen: Ergebnisse der Befragung durch das Interventionsprojekt "Digitale Arbeit erfolgreich gesund gestalten" (2023)
Hoppe, Annika;Zitatform
Hoppe, Annika (2023): Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung auf die Arbeit und Gesundheit von Beschäftigten im Freistaat Thüringen. Ergebnisse der Befragung durch das Interventionsprojekt "Digitale Arbeit erfolgreich gesund gestalten". (Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Schriften 01/2023), Jena, 104 S.
Abstract
"Die vorliegende Veröffentlichung trägt aktuelle Daten und Erkenntnisse zur Auswirkung der Digitalisierung auf die Arbeitswelt und den Gesundheitszustand von Erwerbstätigen im Freistaat Thüringen zusammen. Die Publikation vermittelt einen exemplarischen Überblick über momentane Entwicklungen, Chancen, Herausforderungen und Handlungsfelder, die im Zuge der Digitalisierung ausgemacht werden. Die Erfassung dieser Daten erfolgte anhand eines Online-Fragebogens in einem Zeitraum vom 01. Juni 2021 bis zum 06. September 2021 durch das Interventionsprojekt 'Digitale Arbeit erfolgreich gesund gestalten'. Wie die Daten dieser Erhebung nahelegen, ist die Digitalisierung in der Erwerbsbevölkerung in Thüringen angekommen und führt in diesem Zusammenhang zu gesundheitlichen Veränderungen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Wird die betriebliche Berufsausbildung und Beschäftigung in einer digitalisierten Welt inklusiver?: Aus- und Nebenwirkungen der Digitalisierung für Menschen mit Behinderung auf dem ersten Arbeitsmarkt (2023)
Hähn, Katharina;Zitatform
Hähn, Katharina (2023): Wird die betriebliche Berufsausbildung und Beschäftigung in einer digitalisierten Welt inklusiver? Aus- und Nebenwirkungen der Digitalisierung für Menschen mit Behinderung auf dem ersten Arbeitsmarkt. In: A. Wilmers, M. Achenbach & C. Keller (Hrsg.) (2023): Bildung im digitalen Wandel, S. 135-170. DOI:10.31244/9783830998464.05
Abstract
"In einer immer stärker digitalisierten Welt stellt sich die Frage, inwiefern sich dieser Wandel auf die Inklusion von Menschen mit Behinderung in Ausbildung und Beschäftigung auswirkt. Dieses Critical Review zielt darauf ab, den aktuellen Forschungsstand abzubilden und mögliche Chancen und Hemmnisse zu eruieren. Unter Bezugnahme auf 19 Studien, die zwischen 2017 und 2022 veröffentlicht wurden, werden hierfür Erkenntnisse zu strukturellen Veränderungen von Berufsfeldern und Berufsbildungsangeboten, zu Auswirkungen der digitalen Transformation auf die betriebliche Fachkräftesicherung sowie zur Nutzung assistiver Technologien beleuchtet. Befunde zur Ausbildung und Beschäftigung sehbeeinträchtigter oder blinder Menschen konkretisieren übergreifende Forschungsergebnisse." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Picking with a robot colleague: A systematic literature review and evaluation of technology acceptance in human–robot collaborative warehouses (2023)
Zitatform
Jacob, Frederic, Eric H. Grosse, Stefan Morana & Cornelius J. König (2023): Picking with a robot colleague: A systematic literature review and evaluation of technology acceptance in human–robot collaborative warehouses. In: Computers & Industrial Engineering, Jg. 180. DOI:10.1016/j.cie.2023.109262
Abstract
"Just-in-time delivery, shorter product life cycles, demographic changes, and the Covid-19 pandemic have driven the industrial application of collaborative robots in warehouses. These robots work alongside humans, increasing their productivity and relieving them of repetitive or strenuous tasks. However, human workers can be reluctant to collaborate with robots owing to certain fears; for example, they may be concerned about job loss, stress, expected effort, or risk to physical integrity. These concerns can negatively impact the acceptance of human–robot collaboration (HRC). As the literature on this topic is fragmented, this study analyzes HRC acceptance in warehouses based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. We identify, classify, and analyze studies examining HRC acceptance in warehouses using a systematic literature review methodology. A framework is established to guide the analysis of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, (perceived) occupational safety, psychosocial, and legal and privacy factors. The results indicate the importance of corporate infrastructure and consideration of cognitive factors in particular. The findings of this study will support future research on HRC in warehouses and provide guidance for managers regarding HRC applicability." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Are more automatable jobs less satisfying? (2023)
Zitatform
Jacobs, Arthur, Elsy Verhofstadt & Luc Van Ootegem (2023): Are more automatable jobs less satisfying? (Working paper / Ghent University. Faculty of Economics and Business Administration 2023,1059), Gent, 20 S.
Abstract
"We investigate whether the characteristics which render a job more likely to disappear due to automation also make that job less satisfying. The literature on automation offers convincing reasons in favour of this hypothesis, but it has not been empirically tested before. We use a widely-established, occupation-level measure of automatability and find that more automatable jobs are indeed significantly less satisfying using data from the European Working Conditions Survey. The effect is sizeable and robust to controlling for a wide range of individual-level variables and job-context variables. Our finding suggests that more automatable occupations are less satisfying because of their inherent nature (i.e. the nature of the tasks required for the performance of that occupation). We conduct a mediation analysis and find that the smaller creative intelligence requirement related to automatable occupations is the most important reason for their lower job satisfaction. We discuss to what extent these economy-wide findings translate to the level of the individual worker, in the context of a labor market segmented by education level." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Arbeit und Gesundheit in der Spätmoderne: Betriebliche Prävention im Spannungsfeld zwischen Individualisierung und Top-Down-Struktur (2023)
Zitatform
Jelenko, Marie (2023): Arbeit und Gesundheit in der Spätmoderne. Betriebliche Prävention im Spannungsfeld zwischen Individualisierung und Top-Down-Struktur. (Arbeit und Organisation 12), Bielefeld: Transcript, 280 S. DOI:10.14361/9783839464946
Abstract
"Immer schneller, weiter, mehr! Bei diesem leistungsorientierten Diktum sind arbeitsbezogene Gesundheitsgefahren allgegenwärtig. Sozialpolitisch wird deren Vorbeugung in der betrieblichen Prävention fokussiert, die traditionell an der Unfallverhütung und der männlichen Industriearbeit orientiert ist. Im Kontrast dazu steht die Forderung spätmoderner Dienstleistungsgesellschaften nach mehr Flexibilität und Einsatzbereitschaft. Marie Jelenko untersucht, wie die Bewältigung von erhöhten Anforderungen und das damit verbundene Gesundheitsrisiko auf den Schultern des Individuums abgeladen werden." (Verlagsangaben, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Associations of technostressors at work with burnout symptoms and chronic low-grade inflammation: a cross-sectional analysis in hospital employees (2023)
Kaltenegger, Helena C. ; Becker, Linda; Weigl, Matthias; Quartucci, Caroline; Rohleder, Nicolas; Nowak, Dennis;Zitatform
Kaltenegger, Helena C., Linda Becker, Nicolas Rohleder, Dennis Nowak, Caroline Quartucci & Matthias Weigl (2023): Associations of technostressors at work with burnout symptoms and chronic low-grade inflammation: a cross-sectional analysis in hospital employees. In: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jg. 96, H. 6, S. 839-856. DOI:10.1007/s00420-023-01967-8
Abstract
"Despite the increasing scholarly interest in the phenomenon technostress, associated biological effects on employee health are under-researched. Chronic low-grade inflammation is suggested as a central pathway linking stress experience to disease development. The aim of this study was to assess associations of technology-related work stressors (technostressors) with low-grade inflammation and burnout symptoms." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Qualität der Arbeitsbedingungen von Beschäftigten in Sachsen 2022: Ergebnisse der Befragung zum DGB-Index Gute Arbeit in Sachsen (2023)
Ketzmerick, Thomas; Hosang, Christian;Zitatform
Ketzmerick, Thomas & Christian Hosang (2023): Qualität der Arbeitsbedingungen von Beschäftigten in Sachsen 2022. Ergebnisse der Befragung zum DGB-Index Gute Arbeit in Sachsen. (Forschungsberichte aus dem zsh), Dresden, 43 S.
Abstract
"Im Jahr 2022 wurde im Auftrag des Freistaates Sachsen zum siebten Mal eine Aufstockung der jährlichen Befragung für den DGB-Index Gute Arbeit realisiert, um einen detaillierteren Einblick in die Beschäftigungs- und Arbeitssituation im Land zu gewinnen. Die Befragung ermöglicht Aussagen zu den wahrgenommenen Arbeitsbedingungen aus Sicht der sächsischen Beschäftigten sowie den Vergleich mit den Ergebnissen für Deutschland. Auf dieser Grundlage können Fortschritte und Handlungsbedarfe im Sinne von guter Arbeit identifiziert werden. Der Gesamtindex Gute Arbeit setzt sich aus drei Teilindizes zusammen: Ressourcen (z.B. Einfluss- und Weiterbildungsmöglichkeiten), Belastungen (z.B. durch körperliche und psychische Anforderungen) sowie Einkommen und Sicherheit (einschließlich der Bewertung des erwarteten Rentenniveaus). Die Teilindizes basieren auf insgesamt 42 Einzelmerkmalen der subjektiv eingeschätzten Arbeitsqualität . Die im DGB-Index Gute Arbeit abgebildete Arbeitsqualität in Sachsen liegt bereits seit 2020 auf einem deutlich höheren Niveau als in den Jahren zuvor. Dies hat sich auch im Jahr 2022 fortgesetzt, dabei wurde der leichte Rückgang vom Vorjahr wieder aufgeholt. Die Entwicklung verlief in Deutschland, Ostdeutschland und Sachsen weitgehend parallel. Dabei blieb auch die regionale Abstufung bestehen, mit etwas besseren Bewertungen in Deutschland insgesamt und geringeren Indexwerten in Ostdeutschland. Sachsen liegt nach wie vor unter den ostdeutschen Mittelwerten. Die Unterschiede sind im Wesentlichen durch regionale Differenzen der Wirtschafts- und Beschäftigungsstruktur verursacht." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Caring in the Gig Economy: A Relational Perspective of Decent Work (2023)
Zitatform
Khan, Maria Hameed, Jannine Williams, Penny Williams & Robyn Mayes (2023): Caring in the Gig Economy: A Relational Perspective of Decent Work. In: Work, Employment and Society online erschienen am 25.05.2023, S. 1-21. DOI:10.1177/09500170231173586
Abstract
"The rapidly expanding gig economy has been criticized for creating precarious and indecent working conditions. These critiques draw on decent work debates centred on employment classification, regulation and platform fairness, with less focus on the interactions between workers, platforms and clients, which are central to the experience of platform-mediated work. This article adopts a worker-centric relational perspective to explore decent work in the gig economy. Drawing on the experiences of workers in platform-mediated domestic care work, the insights from this study highlight the importance of social interactions and relationships, using an ethics of care lens, to elucidate how relational aspects shape workers? experiences. The findings reveal platform workers centre mutuality of interests, responsiveness and reciprocity, attentiveness and solidarity to maintain a balance of care (care-for-self and care-for-others) when negotiating platform-mediated care work. This article contributes relationality as a key dimension of decent work currently overlooked in studies exploring gig work arrangements." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The impacts of remote work on employee well-being and gender equality (2023)
Kol, Cemre; Kurt, Beliz;Zitatform
Kol, Cemre & Beliz Kurt (2023): The impacts of remote work on employee well-being and gender equality. (MPRA paper / University Library of Munich 117683), München, 22 S.
Abstract
"Covid-19 lockdowns resurfaced the dynamics that influence the distribution of household duties and reinforced gender disparity due to the domestic roles of women. We analyzed the effects of remote work on work efficacy and satisfaction of employees in terms of gender equality in Turkey. The primary data gathered from the authors' survey have been compared to unique e-survey of Eurofound for Italy. The methodology of this research has displayed a regression analysis to find the impact of remote work on the remote workers of Turkey by using the data collected from our online survey. It has been found that the satisfaction and wellbeing of employees have been reduced by the effects of remote work. Women in comparison to men, in particular, have reported higher levels of work quality and efficacy while reporting lower levels of satisfaction during remote work period." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Entkoppelte Arbeitswelten: Betriebliche Arbeitsorganisationen und neue Intermediäre im Strukturwandel postindustrieller und virtueller Arbeitsgesellschaften (2023)
Zitatform
Krause, Ina (2023): Entkoppelte Arbeitswelten. Betriebliche Arbeitsorganisationen und neue Intermediäre im Strukturwandel postindustrieller und virtueller Arbeitsgesellschaften. (Arbeit und Organisation 6), Bielefeld: Transcript, 330 S. DOI:10.14361/9783839459423
Abstract
"Die Strukturen der industriell geprägten Arbeitsgesellschaft werden durch den zunehmenden Einsatz automatisierter und digitaler Technologien sowie den Ausbau der Infrastruktur des Internets maßgeblich verändert. Gleichzeitig lässt sich eine intensive Flexibilisierung vertrauter Strukturen betriebszentrierter Organisationsformen von Beschäftigung beobachten. Ina Krause beschreibt einzelne Dynamiken auf der gesellschaftlichen Mesoebene und trägt damit zur Debatte über die nachhaltige Gestaltung der digitalen und virtuellen Arbeitsgesellschaft in Deutschland bei." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, © Transcript)
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Literaturhinweis
Can welfare states buffer technostress? Income and technostress in the context of various OECD countries (2023)
Zitatform
Lauterbach, Ann S., Tobias Tober, Florian Kunze & Marius R. Busemeyer (2023): Can welfare states buffer technostress? Income and technostress in the context of various OECD countries. In: PLoS ONE, Jg. 18. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0295229
Abstract
"Many workers are experiencing the downsides of being exposed to an overload of information and communication technology (ICT), highlighting the need for resources to cope with the resulting technostress. This article offers a novel cross-level perspective on technostress by examining how the context of the welfare state influences the relationship between income and technostress. Showing that individuals with higher income experience less technostress, this study argues that the welfare state represents an additional coping resource, in particular in the form of unemployment benefits. Since unemployment benefits insure income earners in the case of job loss, the negative effect of income on technostress should increase with higher levels of unemployment generosity. In line with these expectations, empirical results based on original survey data collected in collaboration with the OECD show that the impact of income on technostress varies across welfare state contexts. Implications for public health and policymakers are being discussed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Telework quality and employee well-being: Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy (2023)
Zitatform
Miglioretti, Massimo, Andrea Gragnano, Silvia Simbula & Marco Perugini (2023): Telework quality and employee well-being: Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. In: New Technology, Work and Employment, Jg. 38, H. 3, S. 548-571. DOI:10.1111/ntwe.12263
Abstract
"The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) forced organisations to implement intensive telework for many of their workers overnight. This scenario was completely new, and the emergency caused by COVID-19 created the possibility of experimenting with new ways of working with an unknown impact on employee well-being. Drawing on previous literature, we defined a model of telework quality consisting of the following four core domains: agile offices within organisations, functional remote workstations, flex-time and engaging management. We identified two high-quality and low-quality telework profiles using latent profile analysis on a data sample of 2295 insurance and financial sector employees. Demographic, occupational and procedural characteristics were associated with the probability of being in the positive or negative profiles. Our results showed that employees' emotional exhaustion and work engagement levels were related to telework quality. This study suggests that organisations need to consider the quality of telework to effectively adopt new ways of working that foster employee well-being." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The link between computer use and job satisfaction: The mediating role of job tasks and task discretion (2023)
Zitatform
Minardi, Saverio, Carla Hornberg, Paolo Barbieri & Heike Solga (2023): The link between computer use and job satisfaction: The mediating role of job tasks and task discretion. In: BJIR, Jg. 61, H. 4, S. 796-831. DOI:10.1111/bjir.12738
Abstract
"This study focuses on the consequences of the use of computerized work equipment (hereafter: computer use) on the content and quality of work. It investigates, first, the relationship between computer use and both job tasks and task discretion and, second, their mediating role for the relationship between computer use and job satisfaction. With our German-UK comparison, we contribute to the long-standing debate on the upskilling/de-skilling nature of the use of technology and its repercussions on the quality of work. We analyse data from the Skills and Employment Surveys for the UK and the BIBB/BAuA Employment Surveys for Germany using structural equation modelling. In line with the literature on routine-biased technological change, we show that computers are complementary to the performance of less routine and more abstract cognitive tasks and that this relationship is conducive to a higher level of task discretion and job satisfaction in both countries. Accounting for differences in job tasks performed, we find a negative direct effect of computer use on both task discretion and job satisfaction in the United Kingdom but not in Germany. Our results indicate that the ultimate effect of computer use on both task discretion and job satisfaction depends on the institutional contexts in which technology is introduced." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
What makes work better or worse? An analytical framework (2023)
Murray, Gregor; Gesualdi-Fecteau, Dalia; Levesque, Christian; Roby, Nicolas;Zitatform
Murray, Gregor, Dalia Gesualdi-Fecteau, Christian Levesque & Nicolas Roby (2023): What makes work better or worse? An analytical framework. In: Transfer, Jg. 29, H. 3, S. 305-322. DOI:10.1177/10242589231207967
Abstract
"Dieser Artikel will neue gedankliche Perspektiven zum Thema bessere und schlechtere Arbeit aufzeigen, indem er einen neuen analytischen Rahmen zur Beurteilung der Qualität von Arbeit und ihrer Implikationen entwickelt. Hierzu wird auf eine breite Auswahl an Literatur über Arbeitsplatzqualität zurückgegriffen und darauf hingewiesen, dass wir eine umfassendere Agenda und ein dynamischeres Verständnis von Möglichkeiten brauchen, schlechtere Arbeit besser zu machen. Zu diesem Zweck präsentiert das Autorenteam einen dreidimensionalen Rahmen: Risiko, Autonomie und Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten. Der Rahmen beurteilt bessere und schlechtere Arbeit und welche Möglichkeiten Arbeitnehmer:innen haben, zwischen diesen unterschiedlichen Dimensionen ihres Arbeitslebens zu navigieren. Wir untersuchen sich daraus ergebende Implikationen für Strategien der beteiligten Akteure und für die Wissenschaft, um eine Agenda für bessere Arbeit voranzubringen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Der digitale Wandel eilt voran, die Arbeitsqualität sinkt (2023)
Müller, Nadine;Zitatform
Müller, Nadine (2023): Der digitale Wandel eilt voran, die Arbeitsqualität sinkt. In: Gute Arbeit, Jg. 76, H. 11, S. 8-12.
Abstract
"Die Mehrheit der Beschäftigten hat keinen oder kaum Einfluss auf den Einsatz der digitalen Technik an ihrem Arbeitsplatz. 44 % geben an, ihr Arbeitstempo werde in starkem Maße von der digitalen Technik bestimmt; 36 % arbeiten sogar häufig in dem Gefühl, der digitalen Technik ausgeliefert zu sein. Diese Ergebnisse sind ernüchternd. Sechs Jahre ist es her, dass die Gewerkschaften mit dem DGB-Index Gute Arbeit die Qualität der Arbeitsbedingungen mit Bezug auf die Digitalisierung ermittelt haben: Das Thema war nun endlich auch in der öffentlichen Debatte angekommen. Das war sicher ein Fortschritt. Aber davon abgesehen, ob nun tatsächlich den Entscheidungsträger:innen die Relevanz von Software für unser aller Fortkommen bewusst ist: Wie steht es um die Entwicklung der Arbeitsqualität in der digitalen Transformation?" (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Smart working and the organisation of labour: smart working and internal labor markets (2023)
Owczarek, Dominik; Pańków, Maciej;Zitatform
Owczarek, Dominik & Maciej Pańków (2023): Smart working and the organisation of labour: smart working and internal labor markets. (Quaderno DEM / Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Dipartimento di economia e management 2023,06), Ferrara, 39 S.
Abstract
"The paper aims at providing an overview of the connection between smart working practices and the organization of labor. It attempts to analyse both pre-pandemic and post-pandemic sources to obtain the broadest possible perspective and conclusions, based on well-established scientific theory and evidence. In so doing we first analysis the drivers of remote work, taking into account both the perspective of the organisation (managers) and employees. Second, we investigate the impact of remote work on the efficiency and quality of work from the perspective of the employer. Third we analyze ten case studies covering the motivation to introduce remote work, its impact on working conditions and job satisfaction, development of skills and the role of collective workers representation in setting conditions of remote work. The report is concluded with some final remarks and key takeouts." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Crowd work in STEM-related fields: A window of opportunity from a gender perspective? (2023)
Zitatform
Petroff, Alisa & Jaime Fierro (2023): Crowd work in STEM-related fields: A window of opportunity from a gender perspective? In: Sociology Compass, Jg. 17, H. 3. DOI:10.1111/soc4.13058
Abstract
"After the Global Financial Crisis (2008) many people found new job opportunities on crowd platforms. The COVID-19 crisis reinforced this trend and virtual work is expected to increase. Although the working conditions of individuals engaged on these platforms is an emerging topic, of research, the existing literature tends to overlook the gendered dimension of the gig economy. Following a quantitative approach, based on the statistical analysis of 444 profiles (platform Freelancer.com in Spain and Argentina), we examine the extent to which the gig economy reproduces gender inequalities such as the underrepresentation of women in STEM-related tasks and the gender pay gap. While the findings reveal lower participation of women than men, this gap is not higher in Argentina than in Spain. Moreover, gender variations in hourly wages are not as marked as expected, and such differences disappear once STEM skill levels are controlled for. Asymmetry in individuals' STEM skill level provides a better explanation than gender of the hourly wage differences. This finding opens a window of opportunity to mitigate the classical gender discrimination that women face in technological fields in traditional labor markets. Finally, the paper identifies some issues concerning the methodological bias entailed by the use of an application programming interface in cyber-research, when analyzing gender inequalities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Work from Home: Von der Pandemienotlösung zum Konzept multilokaler Arbeit – Empirische Studie zu den Erfahrungen der Beschäftigten für eine Zukunft der Arbeitswelten an verteilten Orten (2023)
Pfnür, Andreas; Höcker, Martin Christian; Voll, Kyra; Bachtal, Yassien;Zitatform
Pfnür, Andreas, Kyra Voll, Martin Christian Höcker & Yassien Bachtal (2023): Work from Home: Von der Pandemienotlösung zum Konzept multilokaler Arbeit – Empirische Studie zu den Erfahrungen der Beschäftigten für eine Zukunft der Arbeitswelten an verteilten Orten. (Publications of Darmstadt Technical University, Institute for Business Studies (BWL) 138378), Darmstadt: Darmstadt Technical University, Department of Business Administration, Economics and Law, Institute for Business Studies (BWL), 143 S.
Abstract
"Die Arbeitswelt erfährt eine gravierende Transformation. Im Zentrum der Veränderungen steht der Wandel der physischen Organisation der Arbeit. Während in den vergangenen Jahren durch die COVID-19-Pandemie die Arbeit voranging von zu Hause erledigt werden musste, können Wissensarbeitende den Ort ihrer Arbeitserbringung zunehmend freier wählen. Durch die Rückkehr der Beschäftigten in die Büros der Unternehmen, der gleichzeitig anhaltenden Nutzung des Work from Home und des Ausprobierens dritter Arbeitsorte entsteht ein neues Konzept der physischen Arbeitsorganisation: Multilokalität. Diese Studie untersucht anhand der Befragung von 1.136 deutschen Wissensarbeitenden den Status quo des Work from Home, der Arbeit in Büros und an dritten Orten und analysiert vergleichend, wodurch Arbeitserfolg von Beschäftigten an den verschiedenen Orten entsteht. Darüber hinaus werden Change-Management-Prozesse betrachtet, um herauszuarbeiten, welche notwendigen Voraussetzungen geschaffen werden müssen, um den Übergang der eindimensionalen Arbeit im Büro oder zu Hause zu einer multilokalen Arbeitswelt erfolgreich zu vollziehen. Basierend auf einer Diskussion der empirischen Ergebnisse zu den Potenzialen und Herausforderungen der Transformation der Arbeitswelt werden Implikationen für die Notwendigkeiten staatlicher Regulierung, für die Beschäftigten, die Unternehmen und die immobilienwirtschaftlichen Akteure abgeleitet. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen den gigantischen Umfang der Veränderungen, den die multilokale Arbeit in der Arbeitswelt und anderen Bereichen des gesellschaftlichen Lebens, wie beispielsweise dem Verkehr, der Umwelt oder auf den gesellschaftlichen Wohlstand bezogen anstößt. Für die Beschäftigten ist die Freiheit des mobilen Arbeitens nicht mehr wegzudenken. Die Studie zeigt auf, wie sie sich individuell auf die multilokale Arbeit einstellen und Work from Home, Büros und dritte Orte bestmöglich nutzen. Eine weitere zentrale Erkenntnis ist, dass das neue Konzept multilokalen Arbeitens neben dem großen gesellschaftlichen Mehrwert auch in hohem Ausmaß volkswirtschaftliche Potenziale aufweist, welche jedoch noch nicht vollumfänglich realisiert werden. Arbeitgeber erfahren durch den richtigen Einsatz multilokaler Arbeit einen großen Gewinn. Zum einen durch einen höheren Arbeitserfolg und die verbesserte Gesundheit ihrer Beschäftigten, aber auch durch die positive Wirkung auf ihre Attraktivität als Arbeitgeber. Diese Potentiale zu heben ist die Aufgabe des betrieblichen Immobilienmanagements. Um den Herausforderungen einer aufweichenden Unternehmenskultur, der erschwerten Kommunikation zwischen und Steuerung von Mitarbeitenden sowie der ständig notwendigen Abwägung zwischen individuellem und Teamerfolg zu begegnen, benötigen Unternehmen eine individuelle Strategie zur Ausgestaltung des neuen Konzepts verteilter Arbeitsorte. Dabei helfen Investitionen in die Ausstattung bei Work from Home, verbesserte Informationskulturen und Weiterbildungsangebote mobiles Arbeiten erfolgreich zu gestaltet. Nicht zuletzt wird deutlich, dass zukünftig ein veränderter Bedarf an betrieblichen Immobilien vorherrschen wird. Eine Argumentebilanz zur Entscheidungsstützung in der Abwägung zur quantitativen Anpassung von Flächen sowie mögliche Ansätze zur qualitativen Verbesserung von Büros und der Einsatz von dritten Orten als Ergänzung der Bürostrategie geben Hinweis darauf, wie Unternehmen mit ihren Immobilien auf die dynamische Arbeitswelt reagieren können. Abschließend zeigen die Ergebnisse, dass veränderte Flächenbedarfe der Unternehmen Anpassungen der Geschäftsmodelle und Strategien immobilienwirtschaftlicher Akteure erfordern, das Büro der Zukunft zum aktuellen Zeitpunkt, besonders mit Blick auf die Arbeitswelt von morgen, jedoch noch nicht klar skizziert werden kann." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Technostress and work-family interface in the face of COVID-19-related remote work: the moderator role of goals setting and prioritization skills (2023)
Zitatform
Procentese, Fortuna, Flora Gatti & Emiliano Ceglie (2023): Technostress and work-family interface in the face of COVID-19-related remote work: the moderator role of goals setting and prioritization skills. In: Community, work & family online erschienen am 18.08.2023, S. 1-19. DOI:10.1080/13668803.2023.2247147
Abstract
"During the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic, in Italy, a nationwide lockdown required a massive shift to remote work ? that is, from workers? houses. The risk of conflict between work and family domains increased due to the collapse of both into private houses and may have been further burdened due to no training being issued to help workers adjust to these changes in their work activities, producing higher rates of technostress. This study deepens the impact of technostress creators on the conflicts between work and family domains and the role of workers? goal setting and prioritization skills as moderators easing these relationships. Data were gathered from 375 remote workers during the Italian nationwide lockdown using an online questionnaire. Results show that higher scores in technostress creators positively associate with both work-to-family and family-to-work conflicts and the former relationship becomes stronger as workers? planning skills increase. They highlight the need to consider the pitfalls of remote work, as it can also have detrimental effects on workers? family and relational life, and to find a better balance between work and family domains from a systemic perspective." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Grenzgestaltung und Erholungsförderung in digitalen Arbeitswelten: Herausforderungen und Strategien für Beschäftigte und Unternehmen (2023)
Zitatform
Reinke, Kathrin, Claudia Schmeinck, Bernhard Schmitz & Katharina Schneider (2023): Grenzgestaltung und Erholungsförderung in digitalen Arbeitswelten. Herausforderungen und Strategien für Beschäftigte und Unternehmen. (Hans-Böckler-Stiftung. Working paper Forschungsförderung 264), Düsseldorf, 43 S.
Abstract
"In unserer digitalen, flexiblen Arbeitswelt verschwimmen die Grenzen zwischen Arbeits- und Privatleben für viele Berufstätige zunehmend. Dies kann Vorteile mit sich bringen, erschwert jedoch auch das mentale Abschalten von der Arbeit. Dieses Working Paper gibt eine Übersicht zu individuellen Strategien, um Grenzen zwischen Arbeits- und Privatleben zu ziehen. Zudem zeigt das Working Paper anhand einer Interviewanalyse Herausforderungen und Lösungsansätze auf Unternehmensebene auf, um eine humane, gesunde Gestaltung der Arbeit und ihre Abgrenzung zum Privatleben zu gewährleisten." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Is the online gig economy beyond national reach? A European analysis (2023)
Zitatform
Slageren, Jaap van, Andrea M. Herrmann & Koen Frenken (2023): Is the online gig economy beyond national reach? A European analysis. In: Socio-economic review, Jg. 21, H. 3, S. 1795-1821. DOI:10.1093/ser/mwac038
Abstract
"With the emergence of the online gig economy, computer-based jobs can be completed by gig workers around the world. This raises the question whether the labor market for online gigs is truly boundless as distance no longer matters. Based on gravity models, we investigate the effect of geographical, institutional and cultural distance on almost 30 000 platform hirings between 26 European countries. While we find that online gig platforms are used to off-shore work from high- to low-wage countries, the online gig economy is not boundless as gig workers are still preferably hired from geographically close economies. A common language furthermore facilitates hirings between countries. Interestingly, though, differences in formal and informal institutions hardly affect hiring patterns across countries, suggesting that online platforms create their own institutional framework. We conclude that the online gig economy constitutes neither a boundless nor a frictionless labor market, implying that its promise of creating equal access to job opportunities is exaggerated." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Job quality trajectories among baby-boomers in Germany and their consequences for the motivation to work – results from the lidA cohort study (2023)
Zitatform
Stiller, Michael, Nina Garthe & Hans Martin Hasselhorn (2023): Job quality trajectories among baby-boomers in Germany and their consequences for the motivation to work – results from the lidA cohort study. In: Ageing & Society, Jg. 43, S. 1638-1660. DOI:10.1017/S0144686X21001343
Abstract
"In light of a large proportion of older workers leaving the German labour market in the near future, policy makers aim to extend working lives to ensure sustainability of the social security system. In this context, safe and healthy working conditions are considered a precondition for encouraging employment participation. To understand better the role of the work environment in pre-retirement years, we draw upon an established model of five job quality profiles for the German ageing workforce. We explored seven-year profile development and linked selected manual and non-manual job quality trajectories to the motivation to work (MTW) using data from the 2011, 2014 and 2018 assessments of the lidA cohort study (valid N = 2,863). We found that older workers shifted to physically less-demanding profiles. Individual profile stability was prevalent among one-third of the workers. In 2018, there was a higher MTW when job quality remained favourable or improved early, while later improvements were associated with lower MTW. Early deterioration of job quality was associated with lower MTW levels among workers with non-manual trajectories only. The results highlight the dynamic job quality situation of the older German workforce and the importance of adopting a person-centred perspective when investigating working conditions and its effects. They further underline the need to consider quality of work when designing and implementing strategies to extend working lives." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Psychosocial work factors affecting mental health of young workers: a systematic review (2023)
Veen, Malte van ; Oude Hengel, Karen M. ; Ket, Johannes C. F. ; Beek, Allard J. van der ; Schelvis, Roosmarijn M. C. ; Boot, Cécile R. L. ; Bongers, Paulien M.;Zitatform
Veen, Malte van, Karen M. Oude Hengel, Roosmarijn M. C. Schelvis, Paulien M. Bongers, Johannes C. F. Ket, Allard J. van der Beek & Cécile R. L. Boot (2023): Psychosocial work factors affecting mental health of young workers: a systematic review. In: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jg. 96, H. 1, S. 57-75. DOI:10.1007/s00420-022-01907-y
Abstract
"For the general working population, robust evidence exists for associations between psychosocial work exposures and mental health. As this relationship is less clear for young workers, this systematic review aims at providing an overview of the evidence concerning psychosocial work factors affecting mental health of young workers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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