Corona und Care – zur Aufteilung von Erwerbs- und Sorgearbeit in den Familien
Welche Auswirkungen hat die Corona-Krise auf die Verteilung von Erwerbs- und Sorgearbeit in Deutschland? Ist in den Familien mit einer Rückkehr zu alten Rollenmustern zwischen den Geschlechtern zu rechnen? Die sogenannte "Retraditionalisierungsthese" von Jutta Allmendinger wird seit Beginn der Corona-Krise diskutiert. Mittlerweile zeigen zahlreiche Studien bezüglich der Rollenverteilung ein differenziertes Bild.
Die Infoplattform bietet einen Überblick zu den Studien und deren Ergebnissen.
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Literaturhinweis
Vergeschlechtlichte Arbeitsteilung in der Corona-Krise als „Backlash“?: Was in der Diskurskoalition zwischen Sozialwissenschaften und Politik thematisiert wird – und was ausgeblendet bleibt (2023)
Krucsay, Brita;Zitatform
Krucsay, Brita (2023): Vergeschlechtlichte Arbeitsteilung in der Corona-Krise als „Backlash“? Was in der Diskurskoalition zwischen Sozialwissenschaften und Politik thematisiert wird – und was ausgeblendet bleibt. In: Momentum Quarterly, Jg. 12, H. 2, S. 84-146. DOI:10.15203/momentumquarterly.vol12.no2.p84-99
Abstract
"Als Folge der Lockdown-Regelungen zur Eindämmung der Corona-Pandemie rückte im Jahr 2020 in Österreich die Familie erstmals als Produzentin „systemrelevanter Leistungen“ ins Licht der öffentlichen Wahrnehmung: Sozialwissenschaftliche und massenmediale Beiträge problematisierten den Widerspruch zwischen der Notwendigkeit und der gesellschaftlichen Bewertung und Sichtbarkeit „privat“ geleisteter und vergeschlechtlichter Reproduktionsarbeit. Der Beitrag rekonstruiert anhand der Karriere des soziologisch geprägten Terminus der „traditionellen Rollenbilder“, wie das potenzielle Konfliktfeld, das sich aus den getroffenen Maßnahmen und der empirisch dokumentierten Überforderung der Betroffenen ergab, diskursiv neutralisiert wurde, indem dessen kritische Stoßrichtung in gängige individualisierende und kapitalismuskompatible Bearbeitungsstrategien eingepasst wurde. Unter Bezug auf Erkenntnisse feministischer Ökonomie und Ideologiekritik wird rekonstruiert, wie unter Krisenbedingungen herrschende Mythen verfestigt werden, und danach gefragt, welche Rolle sozialwissenschaftliche Kritik dabei einnehmen kann." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The effects of Covid-19 on couples’ job tenures: Mothers have it worse (2023)
Zitatform
Lafuente, Cristina, Astrid Ruland, Raül Santaeulàlia-Llopis & Ludo Visschers (2023): The effects of Covid-19 on couples’ job tenures: Mothers have it worse. In: Labour Economics, Jg. 83. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2023.102404
Abstract
"We study the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on the employment contracts and job tenures of couples, and how these are shaped by gender and the presence of children. Using the Spanish Labor Force Survey, we find that women with children have suffered relatively larger losses of higher-duration, permanent jobs since the pandemic than men or women without children. These losses emerge approximately one year after the onset of the pandemic and persist, even though the aggregate male and female employment rate has recovered. Our results point to potential labor market scars, in particular, for mothers, that hide behind standard aggregate employment measures." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2023 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Family care during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Germany: longitudinal evidence on consequences for the well-being of caregivers (2023)
Zitatform
Möhring, Katja, Sabine Zinn & Ulrike Ehrlich (2023): Family care during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Germany: longitudinal evidence on consequences for the well-being of caregivers. In: European Journal of Ageing, Jg. 20, H. 1. DOI:10.1007/s10433-023-00761-2
Abstract
"We examine changes in the well-being of family caregivers during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany, using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) and the SOEP-CoV study. The COVID-19 pandemic posed an extraordinary challenge for family caregivers, as care recipients are a high-risk group requiring special protection, and professional care services were severely cut back. The specific situation of the COVID-19 pandemic allows us to re-examine the caregiver stress process model. Using first difference regression models, we analyse changes in general life satisfaction and depressive symptoms (PHQ-4 score) among family caregivers between 2019 and spring 2020, differentiating by care intensity and duration of the care episode. Caregivers show similar changes in well-being as non-caregivers: a simultaneous increase in depressive symptoms and life satisfaction between 2019 and 2020. However, our results reveal heterogeneity within the group of family caregivers as we find differences according to caregiving dynamics and intensity. Among the group of continuing caregivers, high-intensity caregivers experience a larger increase in life satisfaction, and low-intensity caregivers a smaller increase in life satisfaction, compared to non-caregivers. Our results therefore provide some support for the role enhancement hypothesis for continuing caregivers with high time commitment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Die Situation pflegender Angehöriger im erwerbsfähigen Alter in der COVID-19-Pandemie – Ergebnisse einer Onlinebefragung in Deutschland (2023)
Wiegelmann, Henrik ; Wolf-Ostermann, Karin; Seibert, Kathrin ; Rothgang, Heinz ; Domhoff, Dominik ; Hess, Moritz ; Stolle, Claudia ; Preuß, Benedikt ; Schmidt, Annika; Heinze, Franziska ;Zitatform
Wiegelmann, Henrik, Moritz Hess, Dominik Domhoff, Franziska Heinze, Annika Schmidt, Kathrin Seibert, Claudia Stolle, Benedikt Preuß, Heinz Rothgang & Karin Wolf-Ostermann (2023): Die Situation pflegender Angehöriger im erwerbsfähigen Alter in der COVID-19-Pandemie – Ergebnisse einer Onlinebefragung in Deutschland. In: Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz, Jg. 66, H. 3, S. 265-274. DOI:10.1007/s00103-023-03659-7
Abstract
"Die Folgen der COVID-19-Pandemie haben verschiedene Personengruppen vor große Herausforderungen gestellt; eine dieser Gruppen sind pflegende Angehörige. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht, welche Veränderungen die Pandemie für pflegende Angehörige mit sich gebracht hat und in welchem Ausmaß sich Lebensqualität und Pflegebelastung subgruppenspezifisch verändert haben." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag)
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Literaturhinweis
Working from home, work-family conflict, and the role of gender and gender role attitudes (2023)
Zitatform
Yucel, Deniz & Heejung Chung (2023): Working from home, work-family conflict, and the role of gender and gender role attitudes. In: Community, work & family, Jg. 26, H. 2, S. 190-221. DOI:10.1080/13668803.2021.1993138
Abstract
"Previous studies have shown that societal norms around gender roles can shape gender-based outcomes of working from home. This paper extends these findings to see how individuals’ gender role attitudes can moderate the relationship between working from home and work–family conflict, but again with varying outcomes for men and women. We use data from around 3150 employees who participated in wave 10 (2017–2018) of the German Family Panel Survey (pairfam). Results suggest that compared to employees with fixed work locations, those who work from home report higher levels of family-to-work conflict, but not higher work-to-family conflict. Positive associations between working from home and both types of work – family conflict are found only for women, not for men. Specifically, the positive association between working from home and family-to-work conflict is mainly present among women with traditional gender role attitudes, while the positive association between working from home and work-to-family conflict is mainly present among women with egalitarian gender role attitudes. No such variation, however, was found for men. This study highlights the importance of taking gender and gender role attitudes into account when examining the consequences of working from home." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Arbeit-Familie-Konflikt und psychische Beanspruchung im Homeoffice während der COVID-19-Pandemie: Die moderierende Rolle der Resilienz (2023)
Zimber, Andreas;Zitatform
Zimber, Andreas (2023): Arbeit-Familie-Konflikt und psychische Beanspruchung im Homeoffice während der COVID-19-Pandemie. Die moderierende Rolle der Resilienz. In: Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie, Jg. 67, H. 4, S. 188-200. DOI:10.1026/0932-4089/a000409
Abstract
"Aus früheren Studien ist bekannt, dass die Arbeit im Homeoffice zu einem Arbeit-Familie-Konflikt mit negativen Beanspruchungsfolgen beitragen kann. Nach den Annahmen des Job-Demands-Resources-Modells können persönliche Ressourcen das individuelle Beanspruchungsrisiko abschwächen. Diese Annahme wurde am Beispiel der Resilienz in einer online-Querschnittserhebung während der 3. Corona-Welle in Deutschland bei N=142 Beschäftigten im Zusammenhang mit der Arbeit im Homeoffice überprüft. Untersucht wurden Irritation und Vitalität als abhängige Variablen, Arbeit-Familie-Konflikt als unabhängige Variable und Resilienz als potenzieller Moderator. Es wurde angenommen, dass resilientere Personen weniger Irritation infolge von Arbeit-Familie-Konflikten im Homeoffice erleben. Eine Moderatoranalyse bestätigte den postulierten Interaktionseffekt. Die Resilienz stellt beim Umgang mit Arbeit-Familie-Konflikten im Homeoffice somit eine relevante persönliche Ressource dar. Praktische Implikationen für die Personalentwicklung und betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung werden diskutiert." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, © 2023 Hogrefe Verlag)
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Literaturhinweis
Transitions to parenthood, flexible working and time-based work-to-family conflicts: A gendered life course and organisational change perspective (2022)
Zitatform
Abendroth, Anja-Kristin (2022): Transitions to parenthood, flexible working and time-based work-to-family conflicts: A gendered life course and organisational change perspective. In: Journal of Family Research, Jg. 34, H. 4, S. 1033-1055. DOI:10.20377/jfr-730
Abstract
"Objective: This study investigates how flexitime and flexiplace moderate the consequences of transitions to parenthood for time-based work-to-family conflicts for women and men, and whether the normalisation of their use in organisations additionally contributes to reducing work-to-family conflicts. Background: Although flexible working has been described as a resource for better aligning demands in the domains of work and family, the findings of previous - mainly cross-sectional – research on its consequences for work–family conflict are inconsistent. Method: Individual fixed effects analyses were conducted using linked employer-employee panel data for 1,973 partnered men and 1575 partnered women in 132 large work organisations in Germany. Results: Time-based work-to-family conflicts after transition to parenthood increased for men but decreased for women. This can be explained by women reducing their working hours. However, work-to-family conflicts remained rather stable despite of the transition to parenthood among women who used flexitime. This can partly be explained by their weaker work-to-family conflicts already before the transition as well as to adjustments in work investments being less common among them. There is some evidence that the normalisation of flexitime and flexiplace in the organisation is associated with fewer work-to-family conflicts among women and men. Conclusion: Flexitime seems to be not an additional but an alternative resource to decrease the likelihood of more frequent time-based work-to-family conflicts after transition to parenthood among women. The normalization of flexible working depicts organizational change towards more family-friendliness." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Has the COVID-19 pandemic changed gender- and parental-status-specific differences in working from home? Panel evidence from Germany (2022)
Abendroth, Anja-Kristin ; Müller, Dana ; Carstensen, Tanja; Hipp, Lena ; Sauermann, Armin; Lott, Yvonne ;Zitatform
Abendroth, Anja-Kristin, Yvonne Lott, Lena Hipp, Dana Müller, Armin Sauermann & Tanja Carstensen (2022): Has the COVID-19 pandemic changed gender- and parental-status-specific differences in working from home? Panel evidence from Germany. In: Gender, work & organization, Jg. 29, H. 6, S. 1991-2011., 2022-03-12. DOI:10.1111/gwao.12836
Abstract
"Has COVID-19 changed gender- and parental-status-specific differences in working from home? To answer this question, we used data from the Institute for Employment Research High-Frequency Online Personal Panel collected in Germany in the early stages of the pandemic (May - August 2020). Regression analyses revealed changes in pre-pandemic gender- and parental-status-specific differences in remote working - not only when strict social distancing measures were in place, but also after they were lifted: Fathers were no longer more likely than childless men and women to work remotely, and women were no longer more likely than men to work more hours from home when using this arrangement. Further, the results suggest that cultural barriers in organizations to working from home - which were especially prevalent for mothers before the pandemic - have decreased." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Homeoffice während der Corona-Pandemie und darüber hinaus – Potenziale für erwerbstätige Eltern (2022)
Alberg, Ivonne; Zöll, Madita; Opolony, Steffen; Yilmaz, Beyza; Oppers, Jacqueline Désirée; Kirsten, Julia; Schorr, Sabrina; Klammer, Ute; Brunoni, Cecilia; Shishkova, Mirena;Zitatform
Alberg, Ivonne, Cecilia Brunoni, Julia Kirsten, Ute Klammer, Steffen Opolony, Jacqueline Désirée Oppers, Sabrina Schorr, Mirena Shishkova, Beyza Yilmaz & Madita Zöll (2022): Homeoffice während der Corona-Pandemie und darüber hinaus – Potenziale für erwerbstätige Eltern. (IAQ-Report 2022-04), Duisburg ; Essen, 24 S. DOI:10.17185/duepublico/75860
Abstract
"Die Verlagerung der Arbeit ins Homeoffice traf auf sehr unterschiedliche Ausgangsbedingungen mit entsprechend unterschiedlichen Entwicklungspfaden. Hindernisse und Vorbehalte bezüglich der Arbeit im Homeoffice konnten auf Seiten der Unternehmen wie auch der Arbeitnehmer*innen abgebaut werden. Viele der befragten erwerbstätigen Eltern wünschen sich, auch in Zukunft einen Teil ihrer Erwerbsarbeit im Homeoffice erbringen zu können. Voraussetzungen für gelingendes Homeoffice sind die technische Unterstützung unter Berücksichtigung des Gesundheitsschutzes, Schulungen sowie klare Absprachen bezüglich der Arbeitsaufgaben im Homeoffice." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Childcare and housework during the first lockdown in Austria: Traditional division or new roles? (2022)
Zitatform
Berghammer, Caroline (2022): Childcare and housework during the first lockdown in Austria: Traditional division or new roles? In: Journal of Family Research, Jg. 34, H. 1, S. 99-133. DOI:10.20377/jfr-701
Abstract
"Objective: This study analyses how much time mothers and fathers spent on childcare and housework during and after the first COVID-19 lockdown in Austria (starting in mid-March 2020) and how they distributed that time between themselves. Background: Parents needed to reallocate care work between themselves as, on the one hand, kindergartens and schools closed for two months and, on the other hand, employment-related changes arose, e.g., working from home. The results are discussed in light of major theories that address the division of care work: the time availability approach and gender role theory. Method: This study employs data from the Austrian Corona Panel Project 2020/21, a web-based survey using quota sampling, which started in the second week of the first lockdown (n=372 for respondents in couples with children below age 15). Altogether, seven waves contain information about time spent on childcare and housework; three were conducted during or right after the first lockdown (April and May 2020) and four between June 2020 and February 2021. Linear and logistic regression models were used. Results: Within the whole study period, parents’ total workload (care work and employment) was highest during the first lockdown. The workload was greatest—an average of 15 hours on weekdays—among mothers with children below age six. While mothers shouldered more care work in most families, partners shared tasks equally in around one third of them. Care time depended on employment hours, especially for fathers. Yet, it was higher for mothers with the same level of employment as fathers. Conclusion: The COVID-19-related employment changes led to a rise in arrangements that rarely existed before in Austria, e.g., fathers working part-time. Consequently, some fathers took on new roles, especially when they worked from home (mostly among the higher educated), were non-employed (mostly among the lower educated) or worked part-time. The paper concludes by discussing whether those experiences may permanently result in more egalitarian gender roles." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Protected through Part-time Employment? Labor Market Status, Domestic Responsibilities, and the Life Satisfaction of German Women during the COVID-19 Pandemic (2022)
Zitatform
Bertogg, Ariane, Nevena Kulic & Susanne Strauss (2022): Protected through Part-time Employment? Labor Market Status, Domestic Responsibilities, and the Life Satisfaction of German Women during the COVID-19 Pandemic. In: Social Politics, Jg. 29, H. 4, S. 1236-1260. DOI:10.1093/sp/jxab048
Abstract
"The COVID-19 lockdown measures have challenged individuals to reconcile employment, childcare, and housework. This article addresses whether these challenges have reduced life satisfaction among German women by focusing on their labor market status and drawing upon a topical online survey (Kantar) collected in Germany at two points in time: May 2020 and November 2020. We find that part-time employed women were better protected against a decline in life satisfaction, but only during the first lockdown. Economically inactive women were most likely to experience a decline in life satisfaction during the first lockdown, but least likely during the second lockdown. Life satisfaction has further decreased between the first and the second lockdown, and the likelihood of a decrease has converged for full-time, part-time, and economically inactive women." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Weiterführende Informationen
Hier finden Sie eine Korrektur. -
Literaturhinweis
The Impact Of Covid-19 Lockdown On The Gender Gap In The Italian Labour Market (2022)
Zitatform
Bettin, Giulia, Isabella Giorgetti & Stefano Staffolani (2022): The Impact Of Covid-19 Lockdown On The Gender Gap In The Italian Labour Market. (Quaderno di ricerca / Università Politecnica delle Marche, Dipartimento di scienze economiche e sociali 460), Ancona, 69 S.
Abstract
"We study the gendered impact of the nationwide lockdown (March-May 2020) due to the Covid-19 pandemic on the Italian labour market. By using Labour Force Survey data on the first three quarters of 2020, we define a Triple Difference-in-Differences (DDD) strategy by exploiting the exact timing of the lockdown implementation. We found that in non essential sectors (treated group) the lockdown enlarged pre-existent gender inequalities in the extensive margin of labour force participation: the probability of job loss got 0.7 p.p. higher among female workers compared to their male counterparts, and this difference was mainly detected during the reopening period rather than in the strict lockdown phase. The probability to benefit from the wage guarantee fund (CIG) was also higher for female compared to male treated workers (3.6 p.p.), both during the lockdown and in the reopening phase. This is a great change with respect to the past, when men had always been more likely to benefit from this measure due to the fact that CIG application was traditionally restricted to male-dominated sectors of employment. On the other hand, no significant gender differences emerged among the treated group either on the intensive margin, in terms of working hours, or in terms of remote working, at least in the medium-term." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Zementiertes Rollenverhalten in der Fürsorge für Kinder, trotz Pandemie – Eine Herausforderung für die Familien- und Gleichstellungspolitik (2022)
Zitatform
Boll, Christina, Dana Müller & Simone Schüller (2022): Zementiertes Rollenverhalten in der Fürsorge für Kinder, trotz Pandemie – Eine Herausforderung für die Familien- und Gleichstellungspolitik. In: Ifo-Schnelldienst, Jg. 75, H. 10, S. 28-33., 2022-09-26.
Abstract
"In der Pandemie wurde deutlich offenbar, wie ungleich familiale Sorgearbeit in Deutschland noch immer verteilt ist. Die familienpolitischen Reformanstrengungen der letzten Jahrzehnte konnten Ungleichheiten nicht in ausreichendem Maße abbauen, und so trugen und tragen vor allem Mütter die zusätzlichen Lasten der Sorgearbeit, die aufgrund der Kita- und Schulschließungen und der krisenhaften Folgezeit entstanden sind. Sie tun dies oftmals zusätzlich zu ihrer Erwerbstätigkeit und mit negativen Folgen für ihre eigenen Karrierechancen, ihre ökonomische Unabhängigkeit und ihre mentale Gesundheit. Moderne Familien- und Gleichstellungspolitik muss die Förderung partnerschaftlicher Aufteilung von Fürsorgearbeit für Kinder mit klugen Instrumenten jetzt dringend voranbringen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Arbeitsangebot in der COVID-19-Krise und Lohnunterschiede zwischen Frauen und Männern in Österreich (2022)
Zitatform
Böheim, René, Marian Fink & Christine Zulehner (2022): Arbeitsangebot in der COVID-19-Krise und Lohnunterschiede zwischen Frauen und Männern in Österreich. (WIFO Research Briefs 2022,05), Wien, 12 S.
Abstract
"Schätzungen zeigen, dass der geschlechtsspezifische Lohnunterschied mit 12,1% des mittleren Frauenlohnes 2020 niedriger als in den Vorjahren war. Der bereinigte Lohnunterschied blieb mit 6,1% des mittleren Frauenlohnes im Vergleich zum Vorjahr stabil. Im privaten Sektor ist der bereinigte Lohnunterschied von 5,8% auf 6,6% des mittleren Frauenlohnes gestiegen. Ein maßgeblicher Faktor für die beobachteten Lohnunterschiede ist die geringere Berufserfahrung von Frauen. Ein weiterer Faktor sind in den Daten nicht beobachtbare Merkmale wie beispielsweise Unterschiede bei Lohnverhandlungen. Eine detaillierte Untersuchung zeigt negative Effekte der Krise auf das Arbeitsangebot von Frauen und Männern, jedoch keine zusätzlichen Effekte für Eltern." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
How can we become more equal? Public policies and parents' work–family preferences in Germany (2022)
Zitatform
Bünning, Mareike & Lena Hipp (2022): How can we become more equal? Public policies and parents' work–family preferences in Germany. In: Journal of European Social Policy, Jg. 32, H. 2, S. 182-196. DOI:10.1177/09589287211035701
Abstract
"This study examines how public policies affect parents’ preferences for a more egalitarian division of paid and unpaid work. Based on the assumption that individuals develop their preferences within a specific policy context, we examine how changes in three policies affect mothers’ and fathers’ work–family preferences: the availability of high-quality, affordable childcare; the right to return to a full-time job after having reduced hours to part-time and an increase in the number of ‘partner months’ in parental leave schemes. Analysing a unique probability sample of parents with young children in Germany from 2015 (N = 1756), we find that fathers would want to work slightly fewer hours if they had the right to return to a full-time position after working part-time, and mothers would want to work slightly more hours if childcare opportunities were improved. Full-time working parents, moreover, are found to prefer fewer hours independent of the policy setting, while non-employed parents would like to work at least some hours. Last but not least, our analyses show that increasing the number of partner months in the parental leave scheme considerably increases fathers’ preferences for longer and mothers’ preferences for shorter leave. Increasing the number of partner months in parental schemes hence has the greatest potential to increase gender equality." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Plight of Female Employment in Germany under School-Related COVID-19 Control Measures (2022)
Caki, Ezgi;Zitatform
Caki, Ezgi (2022): The Plight of Female Employment in Germany under School-Related COVID-19 Control Measures. (The CoronaNet researchers working paper series 2022,3), München, 28 S.
Abstract
"This study empirically assesses the impact of school closures on women's employment in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study's objective is to determine whether school closures have adversely and disproportionately affected women's careers. It tests the argument that the longer schools remain closed during the pandemic, the more women than men are forced to reduce their working hours, opt for part-time jobs, or ask for paid or unpaid leave, or otherwise lose their jobs. The case study reveals that, even though the German federal state has been granting financial incentives for employment during the pandemic, women remain disproportionately affected by the pandemic-related containment measures, notably school closures. This study's finding that more men were unemployed than women at the apex of the pandemic in Germany can be explained by the already higher number of employed men. Overall, the relationship between the demand for women's part-time work and women not returning to work is stronger and more significant than that of men's part-time work and men not returning to work, meaning that there is a growing demand for non-standard forms of employment, such as part-time work, for women compared to men. Childcare responsibilities, which are increasing due to the pandemic, are threatening women's significant gains for gender equality. Although the empirical assessments present varying results, gender inequality subsists and requires carefully formulated policies with a focus on enhancing gender equality and women's labor force participation during and after the pandemic." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
COVID-19 and a 'Crisis of Care': A Feminist Analysis of Public Policy Responses to Paid and Unpaid Care and Domestic work (2022)
Zitatform
Camilletti, Elena & Zahrah Nesbitt-Ahmed (2022): COVID-19 and a 'Crisis of Care': A Feminist Analysis of Public Policy Responses to Paid and Unpaid Care and Domestic work. In: International Labour Review, Jg. 161, H. 2, S. 195-218. DOI:10.1111/ilr.12354
Abstract
"The COVID-19 pandemic has shone a light on gender inequalities, including increased time women and girls spend caring for household members, and vulnerabilities faced by paid care workers, often women working informally. Using a global database on social protection responses to COVID-19, focusing on social assistance, social insurance and labour market programmes, this paper asks if and how these responses have integrated care considerations. We found that while many countries addressed at least one aspect of care (paid or unpaid), primarily through social assistance measures, very few address both types of care. Implications for the current policy response to COVID-19 (and beyond) from a care lens are discussed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Entgrenzte Flexibilität im Homeoffice: Neuordnungen der alltäglichen Arbeitspraxis, der Geschlechterarrangements und der Betriebsratsarbeit in der Corona-Krise (2022)
Carstensen, Tanja; Krause, Christoph; Matuschek, Ingo; Mierich, Sandra; Kleemann, Frank;Zitatform
Carstensen, Tanja, Christoph Krause, Ingo Matuschek, Frank Kleemann & Sandra Mierich (2022): Entgrenzte Flexibilität im Homeoffice. Neuordnungen der alltäglichen Arbeitspraxis, der Geschlechterarrangements und der Betriebsratsarbeit in der Corona-Krise. In: Arbeit. Zeitschrift für Arbeitsforschung, Arbeitsgestaltung und Arbeitspolitik, Jg. 31, H. 1/2, S. 195-213. DOI:10.1515/arbeit-2022-0011
Abstract
"Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht die Situation von Beschäftigten und Mitbestimmungsgremien im Homeoffice jenseits und in der Corona-Krise. Adressiert wird die Frage, inwiefern das Ausweichen ins Homeoffice als gesteigerte Qualität einer ohnehin flexibilisierten betrieblichen Arbeit zu deuten ist und welche Folgen damit einhergehen. Die Analyse basiert auf 47 Interviews, die seit Januar 2020 im Rahmen von zehn Betriebsfallstudien in den Bereichen Chemie/Pharmazeutik, Metall/Elektro, Nahrungsmittelindustrie und Dienstleistungen erhoben wurden. Die empirischen Befunde verweisen dabei insbesondere auf Herausforderungen in drei Bereichen: alltägliche Arbeitspraxis und Kollegialität, Geschlechterarrangements und Arbeit der betrieblichen Interessenvertretung. Zunächst skizziert der Beitrag die bisherige betriebliche Regelungspraxis orts- und zeitflexibler Arbeit; im Weiteren werden die empirischen Erkenntnisse zu den drei genannten Themenbereichen vorgestellt. Abschließend diskutiert der Beitrag die neue Qualität des Arbeitens als „entgrenzte Flexibilität“." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, © De Gruyter)
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Literaturhinweis
COVID-19, Gender and Labour (2022)
Zitatform
Corsi, Marcella & Ipek Ilkkaracan (2022): COVID-19, Gender and Labour. (GLO discussion paper / Global Labor Organization 1012), Essen, 15 S.
Abstract
"The Covid-19 pandemic has triggered simultaneously a global health crisis and a global economic crisis which have further deepened existing inequalities along several dimensions, including gender. Increasing gender inequalities in paid and unpaid work has been a primary outcome of the pandemic and the associated economic crisis. Given the disproportionate gender division of labor, women were foremost in bearing the brunt of the increased demands on unpaid care work under the lockdown conditions. At the same time, women were also overrepresented in informal employment and service sectors hard-hit by the pandemic resulting in more severe job loss for female workers overall. In many labor markets, women constituted the majority of so-called essential workers, who were protected from job loss yet exposed to increased health risks and prolonged work hours under distressed work conditions. The increasing demand for household production and the unpaid work burden contributed to weakening women's labor market attachment resulting in higher declines in female labor force participation than male. The increased prevalence of teleworking under the pandemic has the potential to provide improved work-life balance conditions, yet at the risk of widening the gender inequalities in the labor market. While these outcomes point to the threat that Covid-19 poses at rolling back the gains achieved in gender equality, the experiences under the pandemic conditions have also contributed to increased awareness around the Globe of the importance of caring labor and care workers, establishing a solid basis for advocacy of gender equal care policies." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Public School Access or Stay-at-Home Partner: Factors Mitigating the Adverse Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Academic Parents (2022)
Zitatform
Deryugina, Tatyana, Olga Shurchkov & Jenna E. Stearns (2022): Public School Access or Stay-at-Home Partner: Factors Mitigating the Adverse Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Academic Parents. (NBER working paper 29668), Cambridge, Mass, 20 S. DOI:10.3386/w29668
Abstract
"The COVID-19 pandemic created unexpected and prolonged disruptions to childcare access. Using survey evidence on time use by academic researchers before and after the pandemic, we analyze the extent to which greater access to either school-based or partner-provided childcare mitigated the severe disruptions to research observed among parents during COVID-19. We find that access to public schools offset the research time loss to a greater extent among mothers of young children relative to fathers, narrowing the emerging post-pandemic gender gap. Having a stay-at-home partner reduced the disruptions to research time equally for both genders." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))