Happiness – wie Glück, Arbeit und Einkommen zusammenhängen
Das Streben nach Glück ist ein zentrales Element im Leben, wobei das individuelle Wohlbefinden sowohl persönliche als auch gesellschaftliche Ursachen hat. Welchen Einfluss haben Wirtschaftsentwicklung, Einkommen, der berufliche Werdegang oder Arbeitslosigkeitserfahrungen auf das Glücksempfinden eines Menschen? Die IAB-Infoplattform bietet hierzu aktuelle Literatur.
Zurück zur Übersicht-
Literaturhinweis
Unemployment and well-being in Europe. The effect of country unemployment rate, work ethics and family ties (2011)
Mikucka, Malgorzata;Zitatform
Mikucka, Malgorzata (2011): Unemployment and well-being in Europe. The effect of country unemployment rate, work ethics and family ties. (LISER working papers 2011,14), Esch-sur-Alzette, 36 S.
Abstract
"Subjective well-being literature shows that higher unemployment rate corresponds to lower psychological cost of own unemployment. The goal of the paper is to deepen the understanding of this regularity by investigating the role played by the work ethics and the strength of family ties. I analyze the European Values Study data (2008) for 36 countries using multilevel regression methodology. First, starting from the “stigma hypothesis” I postulate that higher unemployment rate is associated with weaker work values, which correspond to less social pressure and feeling of guilt, in turn lowering the psychological cost of own unemployment. This is only partly supported by the data: whereas stronger work values lower the well-being of unemployed, the country work ethics has no effect. According to the second hypothesis, stronger family ties raise the well-being of the unemployed. This prediction is confirmed: people living in countries with stronger family ties and those declaring stronger norms for family support suffer less from being unemployed. However, the strength of family ties does not mediate the link between unemployment rate and effect of own unemployment. Moreover, weaker family ties contribute to lower well-being of unemployed in western Europe." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Does a better job match makes women happier?: work orientations, work-care choices and subjective well-being in Germany (2011)
Muffels, Ruud; Kemperman, Bauke;Zitatform
Muffels, Ruud & Bauke Kemperman (2011): Does a better job match makes women happier? Work orientations, work-care choices and subjective well-being in Germany. (SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research at DIW Berlin 361), Berlin, 36 S.
Abstract
"The study examines the effects of work orientations and work-leisure choices alongside the effect of genes or personality traits on subjective well-being (SWB). The former effects are assumed to be mediated by the match between women's preferred and actual number of working hours indicating labor market and time constraints. Data come from 24 waves of the German (SOEP) Household Panel (1984-2007). Random and fixed-effect panel regression models are estimated. Work orientations and work-leisure choices indeed matter for women's SWB but the effects are strongly mediated by the job match especially for younger birth cohorts and higher educated women. Therefore, apart from the impact of genes or personality traits preferences and choices as well as labor market and time constraints matter significantly for the well-being of women, providing partial support to the role (scarcity-expansion) theory and the combination pressure thesis while at the same time challenging set-point theory." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Subjective well-being and aggregate unemployment: further evidence (2011)
Zitatform
Ochsen, Carsten (2011): Subjective well-being and aggregate unemployment. Further evidence. In: Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Jg. 58, H. 5, S. 634-655. DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9485.2011.00562.x
Abstract
"According to the literature, individual well-being is negatively related to aggregate unemployment. This study examines whether the distribution of aggregate unemployment by duration affects well-being, in addition to the level of unemployment. Different explanations are provided to indicate how the shares of short-term (up to 3 months) and long-term (more than 1 year) unemployed people could affect the well-being of the employed and unemployed. Using data from almost 300,000 individuals from 11 EU countries, we find significant effects of both shares on life satisfaction. Among the unemployed, for example, we find a U-shaped effect of the distribution of aggregate unemployment by duration on subjective well-being, which compensates to some extent for the negative effect of the unemployment rate." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Happiness in Europe: cross-country differences in the determinants of satisfaction with main activity (2011)
Zitatform
Pedersen, Peder J. & Torben Dall Schmidt (2011): Happiness in Europe. Cross-country differences in the determinants of satisfaction with main activity. In: The Journal of Socio-Economics, Jg. 40, H. 5, S. 480-489. DOI:10.1016/j.socec.2010.10.004
Abstract
"Data in the European Community Household Panel are used to analyse the impact on self-reported satisfaction from a number of economic and demographic variables. The paper contributes to the ongoing discussion of the relationship between life satisfaction and income utilizing also the panel property of the data. We find an impact from the level of income only for a group of Southern European countries. For the same group of countries the difference between individual and average change in income has a significant impact on satisfaction. For all countries in the panel we find a significant impact from the change in the individual income situation over the last year. We find a strong impact from changes in labour force status and a strong negative impact on satisfaction from being unemployed and a somewhat weaker impact from being outside the labour force. Further, the level of and change in self-reported health has a strong impact on satisfaction." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Multidimensional well-being at the top: evidence for Germany (2011)
Zitatform
Peichl, Andreas & Nico Pestel (2011): Multidimensional well-being at the top. Evidence for Germany. (SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research at DIW Berlin 425), Berlin, 17 S.
Abstract
"This paper employs a multidimensional approach for the measurement of well-being at the top of the distribution using German SOEP micro data. Besides income as traditional indicator for material wellbeing, we include health as a proxy for nonmaterial quality of life as well as self-reported satisfaction with life as dimensions. We find that one third of the German population is well-off in at least one dimension but only one percent in all three dimensions simultaneously. While the distribution of income has become more concentrated at the top, the concentration at the top of the multidimensional well-being distribution has decreased over time. Moreover, health as well as life satisfaction contribute quite substantially to multidimensional wellbeing at the top which has important policy implications." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Quality of life in Europe: empirical evidence (2011)
Zitatform
Poggi, Ambra, Giulia Bizzotto, Francesco Devicienti, Patrik Vesan & Claudia Villosio (2011): Quality of life in Europe. Empirical evidence. (Walqing working paper 2011-04), Moncalieri, 58 S.
Abstract
In dem Bericht werden neuere Daten über die Lebensqualität der europäischen Bevölkerung aus den Jahren 2006 und 2007 dargestellt und kommentiert. Insbesondere die Einkommensverhältnisse sowie die Lebensbedingungen von Berufstätigen werden dabei herangezogen. Es werden insgesamt vier Typen der Lebensqualität analysiert: (1) Materielles Wohlbefinden, (2) Soziale Integration, (3) Gesundheitliches Wohlbefinden und (4) Subjektives Wohlbefinden. Die Zufriedenheit hängt in sehr starkem Maße vom Arbeitsstatus ab. Arbeitslose gehören erwartungsgemäß in allen vier Kategorien zu den Verlierern. (IAB)
-
Literaturhinweis
If happiness is relative, against whom do we compare ourselves?: implications for labour supply (2011)
Pérez-Asenjo, Eduardo;Zitatform
Pérez-Asenjo, Eduardo (2011): If happiness is relative, against whom do we compare ourselves? Implications for labour supply. In: Journal of population economics, Jg. 24, H. 4, S. 1411-1442. DOI:10.1007/s00148-010-0322-z
Abstract
"This paper addresses two important issues: the nature of the reference group to which individuals compare themselves, and the implications of social comparisons for labour supply. It identifies age as the main characteristic defining the reference group. Race, sex and religion are other relevant features in its determination. It provides micro-level evidence that social comparisons influence the hours an individual works. Specifically, if her income is lower than her reference group income, she will work more. It also shows that for males, white people and people living in rural areas the effect of relative income on both happiness and labour supply is greater." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
The relation between life satisfaction and the material situation: a re-evaluation using alternative measures (2010)
Zitatform
Christoph, Bernhard (2010): The relation between life satisfaction and the material situation. A re-evaluation using alternative measures. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 98, H. 3, S. 475-499. DOI:10.1007/s11205-009-9552-4
Abstract
Eines der überraschendsten Forschungsergebnisse ist der schwache Zusammenhang zwischen der materiellen Situation eines Individuums und seinem subjektiven Wohlbefinden. In jüngster Zeit wurde deshalb verstärkt danach gefragt, ob das Einkommen als Indikator für die materielle Situation ausreichend ist. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird gezeigt, dass unter Einbeziehung alternativer Maße für die materielle Situation der Zusammenhang zwischen der materiellen Situation und subjektiven Wohlbefinden wohl doch stärker ausfällt. Der Autor gibt einen Überblick über verschiedene Ansätze zur Messung der materiellen Situation und schlägt die Anwendung eines sogenannten Deprivations-Ansatzes aus der Armutsforschung vor. Er argumentiert, dass sich dieser besser als Einkommen oder Vermögen zur Analyse des genannten Zusammenhangs eignet. Diese Hypothese wird anhand von drei verschiedenen deutschen Datensätzen überprüft. Es zeigt sich, dass in allen Fällen Deprivations-Maße besser zur Erklärung von Unterschieden im subjektiven Wohlbefinden geeignet sind. Da beide Ansätze unterschiedliche Aspekte der materiellen Situation aufzeigen, wird eine Kombination beider Ansätze als Alternative vorgeschlagen. (IAB)
-
Literaturhinweis
Boon or bane? Others' unemployment, well-being and job insecurity (2010)
Zitatform
Clark, Andrew, Andreas Knabe & Steffen Rätzel (2010): Boon or bane? Others' unemployment, well-being and job insecurity. In: Labour economics, Jg. 17, H. 1, S. 52-61. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2009.05.007
Abstract
"The social norm of unemployment suggests that aggregate unemployment reduces the well-being of the employed, but has a far smaller effect on the unemployed. We use German panel data to reproduce this standard result, but then suggest that the appropriate distinction may not be between employment and unemployment, but rather between higher and lower levels of labour-market security, at least for men. Men with good job prospects, both employed and unemployed, are strongly negatively affected by regional unemployment. However, insecure employed men and poor-prospect unemployed men are less negatively, or even positively, affected. There is however no clear relationship for women. We analyse labour-market inequality and unemployment hysteresis in the light of our results." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
-
Literaturhinweis
Work and well-being (2010)
Zitatform
Clark, Andrew E. (2010): Work and well-being. In: CESifo DICE report, Jg. 8, H. 4, S. 17-21.
Abstract
Zwei Forschungsfragen bezüglich Arbeit und Zufriedenheit werden in dem Beitrag diskutiert. Zum einen wird der Zusammenhang zwischen Arbeitsmarktstatus und Zufriedenheit thematisiert. Ist die subjektive Zufriedenheit von Arbeitslosen geringer als die Zufriedenheit von abhängig Beschäftigten? Und ist die subjektive Zufriedenheit von Selbständigen höher als die Zufriedenheit von abhängig Beschäftigten? Sind Rentner zufrieden mit ihrem Berufsausstieg? Wird der Erwerbsstatus freiwillig gewählt oder spielen Zwänge eine Rolle? Zweites Thema ist der Zusammenhang zwischen Arbeitsplatzmerkmalen und Zufriedenheit. Arbeitsplatzqualität wird hier nicht nur als eine objektiv messbare Größe betrachtet, sondern auch in ihrer subjektiven Dimension. Berücksichtigt man diese Heterogenität bei der Bewertung von Arbeit, dann lassen sich auch die Unterschiede in der Bewertung des Berufsausstiegs erklären: Die Zufriedenheit hängt hier sowohl von der Art der Arbeit als auch von der Zukunftsperspektive ab. (IAB)
-
Literaturhinweis
International differences in well-being (2010)
Diener, Ed; Arora, Raksha; Kapteyn, Arie; Helliwell, John; Krilla, Amy; Kahneman, Daniel; Veenhoven, Ruut; Barrington-Leigh, Chris; Clark, Andrew E. ; Krueger, Alan B.; Di Tella, Rafael; Layard, R.; Fischler, Claude; MacCulloch, Robert; Graham, Carol; Mayraz, G.; Harter, James K.; Nickell, S.; Huang, Haifang; Oishi, Shigehiro; Chattopadhyay, Soumya; Picon, Mario; Easterlin, Richard A.; Sawangfa, Onnicha; Harris, Anthony; Schkade, David A.; Ingleheart, Ronald F.; Smith, James P.; Fortson, Jane; Tortora, Robert; Deaton, Angus; Tov, William; Helliwell, John F.; Soest, Arthur van;Zitatform
Diener, Ed, John Helliwell & Daniel Kahneman (Hrsg.) (2010): International differences in well-being. (Series in positive psychology), Oxford: Oxford University Press, 489 S.
Abstract
"This is a major compendium of the principles and practice of well-being research explaining international differences in well-being. It combines psychology, political science, and economics to examine the well-being of nations. This book draws together the latest work from scholars around the world using subjective well-being data to understand and compare well-being across countries and cultures. Starting from many different vantage points, the authors reached a consensus that many measures of subjective well-being, ranging from life evaluations through emotional states, based on memories and current evaluations, merit broader collection and analysis. Using data from the Gallup World Poll, the World Values Survey, and other internationally comparable surveys, the authors document wide divergences among countries in all measures of subjective well-being, The international differences are greater for life evaluations than for emotions. Despite the well-documented differences in the ways in which subjective evaluations change through time and across cultures, the bulk of the very large international differences in life evaluations are due to differences in life circumstances rather than differences in the way these differences are evaluated." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Wohlstandsmessung durch Indikatoren zur Lebenszufriedenheit (2010)
Erber, Georg;Zitatform
Erber, Georg (2010): Wohlstandsmessung durch Indikatoren zur Lebenszufriedenheit. In: Wirtschaftsdienst, Jg. 90, H. 12, S. 831-839.
Abstract
"Das Bruttoinlandsprodukt ist als Maßstab für den Wohlstand einer Gesellschaft unzureichend. Aktuell bemühen sich verschiedene Organisationen, einen Indikator zusammenzustellen, der den Wohlstand besser abbildet. Auf EU-Ebene wurde hierfür ein Indikatorensystem insbesondere auch die 'Satisfaction Adjusted Life Expectancy' (SALY) vorgeschlagen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
-
Literaturhinweis
Women between part-time and full-time work: The influence of changing hours of work on happiness and life-satisfaction (2010)
Zitatform
Gash, Vanessa, Antje Mertens & Laura Romeu Gordo (2010): Women between part-time and full-time work: The influence of changing hours of work on happiness and life-satisfaction. (SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research at DIW Berlin 268), Berlin, 42 S.
Abstract
"This paper asks whether part-time work makes women happy. Previous research on labour supply has assumed that as workers freely choose their optimal working hours on the basis of their innate preferences and the hourly wage rate, outcome reflects preference. This paper tests this assumption by measuring the impact of changes in working-hours on life satisfaction in two countries (the UK and Germany using the German Socio-Economic Panel and the British Household Panel Survey). We find decreases in working-hours bring about positive and significant improvement on well-being for women." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Perceived job insecurity and well-being revisited: towards conceptual clarity (2010)
Geishecker, Ingo;Zitatform
Geishecker, Ingo (2010): Perceived job insecurity and well-being revisited. Towards conceptual clarity. (SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research at DIW Berlin 282), Berlin, 35 S.
Abstract
"This paper analyzes the impact of job insecurity perceptions on individual well- being. In contrast to previous studies, we explicitly take into account perceptions about both the likelihood and the potential costs of job loss and demonstrate that most contributions to the literature suffer from simultaneity bias. When accounting for simultaneity, we find the true unbiased effect of perceived job insecurity to be more than twice the size of naive estimates. Accordingly, perceived job insecurity ranks as one of the most important factors in employees' well-being and can be even more harmful than actual job loss with subsequent unemployment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Happiness and social policy in Europe (2010)
Greve, Bent ; Noll, Heinz-Herbert ; Klein, Carlo; Weick, Stefan; Jordan, Bill; Sirovátka, Tomáš ; Fors, Filip; Zupi, Marco; Cerami, Alfio; Saxonberg, Steven ; Berg, Maarten; Veenhoven, Ruut; Beblavy, Miroslav;Zitatform
Greve, Bent (Hrsg.) (2010): Happiness and social policy in Europe. Cheltenham: Elgar, 221 S.
Abstract
"Happiness has become a central issue in research in recent years. This book brings together researchers from around Europe to present, analyse and discuss the relation between happiness and social policy. Bent Greve demonstrates in this unique book, that research on happiness is important to understand and that the welfare state and social policy is essential in promoting more jobs, social inclusion and to a certain degree also a high level of equality. He highlights that while differences do exist among the countries studied, clearly social policy has a role in increasing happiness in Europe." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Glücksforschung: Stand der Dinge und Bedeutung für die Ökonomik (2010)
Hirata, Johannes;Zitatform
Hirata, Johannes (2010): Glücksforschung. Stand der Dinge und Bedeutung für die Ökonomik. In: (2010): Ordo. Jahrbuch für die Ordnung von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, 61, S. 127-149.
Abstract
"Die moderne Glücksforschung ist über die vergangenen Jahre überaus produktiv gewesen und hat zweifellos einige wertvolle Erkenntnisse zutage gefördert. Dieser Produktivität steht jedoch eine gewisse Orientierungslosigkeit und Heterogenität gegenüber - als Beobachter weiß man gelegentlich nicht so recht, worin denn das übergeordnete Ziel der betriebenen Forschung und die Bedeutung der jeweiligen Forschungsergebnisse bestehen. Ausgehend von einer Untersuchung der Voraussetzungen und Methoden der modernen Glücksforschung werden einige grundlegende Fragen und die mögliche Bedeutung der Glücksforschung für die Ökonomik kritisch erörtert." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
-
Literaturhinweis
High income improves evaluation of life but not emotional well-being (2010)
Kahneman, Daniel; Deaton, Angus;Zitatform
Kahneman, Daniel & Angus Deaton (2010): High income improves evaluation of life but not emotional well-being. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Jg. 107, H. 38, S. 16489-16493. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1011492107
Abstract
"Recent research has begun to distinguish two aspects of subjective well-being. Emotional well-being refers to the emotional quality of an individual's everyday experience - the frequency and intensity of experiences of joy, stress, sadness, anger, and affection that make one's life pleasant or unpleasant. Life evaluation refers to the thoughts that people have about their life when they think about it. We raise the question of whether money buys happiness, separately for these two aspects of well-being. We report an analysis of more than 450,000 responses to the Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index, a daily survey of 1,000 US residents conducted by the Gallup Organization. We find that emotional well-being (measured by questions about emotional experiences yesterday) and life evaluation (measured by Cantril's Self-Anchoring Scale) have different correlates. Income and education are more closely related to life evaluation, but health, care giving, loneliness, and smoking are relatively stronger predictors of daily emotions. When plotted against log income, life evaluation rises steadily. Emotional well-being also rises with log income, but there is no further progress beyond an annual income of ~$75,000. Low income exacerbates the emotional pain associated with such misfortunes as divorce, ill health, and being alone. We conclude that high income buys life satisfaction but not happiness, and that low income is associated both with low life evaluation and low emotional well-being." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Income, happiness, and the disutility of labour (2010)
Zitatform
Knabe, Andreas & Steffen Rätzel (2010): Income, happiness, and the disutility of labour. In: Economics Letters, Jg. 107, H. 1, S. 77-79. DOI:10.1016/j.econlet.2009.12.032
Abstract
"We re-examined the claim that neglecting the impact of working hours on happiness causes a downward bias in the income - happiness-relationship. Pouwels et al. (2008), using cross-sectional data for Germany, found that controlling for working hours would substantially increase the impact of income on subjective well-being. Replicating their methodology, we find similar results. When we consider a methodology that has currently become standard in the happiness literature, including a panel dataset and the control for individual unobserved heterogeneity by including fixed effects, however, the results change considerably. Using this estimation technique and specifying the impact of working hours in a more flexible, quadratic form that allows for non-monotonic influences, we obtain results that suggest that the impact of working hours on happiness is rather small and exhibits an inverse U-shape. Since the magnitude of the effect of working hours is small, there is no evidence that leaving working hours out of the analysis leads to an underestimation of the income effect." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
-
Literaturhinweis
Second European quality of life survey: living conditions, social exclusion and mental well-being (2010)
Zitatform
Layte, Richard, Bertrand Maitre & Christopher T. Whelan (2010): Second European quality of life survey. Living conditions, social exclusion and mental well-being. Dublin, 83 S.
Abstract
"Over the past two decades, the concept of social exclusion has increasingly replaced the concept of poverty within the EU policy discussion on social vulnerability and disadvantage. It has been shown that unequal access to the labour market and poor living conditions negatively affect social participation and social contact, which in turn impact on the quality of life of Europe's citizens and lead to a sense of social exclusion. The second European Quality of Life Survey (EQLS), conducted by Eurofound in 2007, offers a wide-ranging view of the diverse social realities in Europe today. This report looks at the relationships between living conditions, social exclusion and mental well-being." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Pädagogik des Glücks: wann, wo und wie wir das Glück lernen (2010)
Münch, Joachim; Wyrobnik, Irit;Zitatform
Münch, Joachim & Irit Wyrobnik (2010): Pädagogik des Glücks. Wann, wo und wie wir das Glück lernen. Baltmannsweiler: Schneider-Verl. Hohengehren, 170 S.
Abstract
"Philosophische Abhandlungen zum Glück findet man zuhauf, das Streben nach Glück beschäftigt die Menschen schon seit der Antike. Die Zahl der Publikationen über Bildungstheorien ist ebenso Legion. Dagegen wurde bisher der Zusammenhang von 'Bildung' und 'Glück' eher weniger beachtet. In der vorliegenden 'Pädagogik des Glücks' versuchen Joachim Münch und Irit Wyrobnik diesen Zusammenhang zu erhellen, indem sie der Frage nachgehen, wann, wo und wie wir das Glück lernen können. Auf diese Weise geraten die verschiedenen Lebensabschnitte und Lernorte mit ihren jeweils besonderen Voraussetzungen und Möglichkeiten für Zufriedenheit und Glück in den Blickpunkt. Schließlich wird auch der Frage nachgegangen, wie wir 'Saboteure' des Glücks bekämpfen und 'Tore' zum Glück weit öffnen können." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)