Happiness – wie Glück, Arbeit und Einkommen zusammenhängen
Das Streben nach Glück ist ein zentrales Element im Leben, wobei das individuelle Wohlbefinden sowohl persönliche als auch gesellschaftliche Ursachen hat. Welchen Einfluss haben Wirtschaftsentwicklung, Einkommen, der berufliche Werdegang oder Arbeitslosigkeitserfahrungen auf das Glücksempfinden eines Menschen? Die IAB-Infoplattform bietet hierzu aktuelle Literatur.
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Literaturhinweis
An analysis of well-being in retirement: the role of pensions, health, and 'voluntariness' of retirement (2012)
Bender, Keith A.;Zitatform
Bender, Keith A. (2012): An analysis of well-being in retirement. The role of pensions, health, and 'voluntariness' of retirement. In: The Journal of Socio-Economics, Jg. 41, H. 4, S. 424-433. DOI:10.1016/j.socec.2011.05.010
Abstract
"This paper examines a wide range of determinants of retiree well-being of retirees. Using data from the 2000 Health and Retirement Study, increases in economic factors such as income lead to higher wellbeing, although relative income has a larger effect than absolute income. The strongest predictors are the voluntariness of entering retirement, pension characteristics, and health. Retirees 'forced' to retire or have defined contribution pensions or bad health have significantly lower well-being. The results suggest a more nuanced approach in addressing retiree well-being than just a focus on the economic well-being of retirees." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Satisfaction with job and income among older individuals across European countries (2012)
Bonsang, Eric; Soest, Arthur van;Zitatform
Bonsang, Eric & Arthur van Soest (2012): Satisfaction with job and income among older individuals across European countries. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 105, H. 2, S. 227-254. DOI:10.1007/s11205-011-9879-5
Abstract
"Using data on individuals of age 50 and older from 11 European countries, we analyze two economic aspects of subjective well-being of older Europeans: satisfaction with household income, and job satisfaction. Both have been shown to contribute substantially to overall well-being (satisfaction with life or happiness). We use anchoring vignettes to correct for potential differences in response scales across countries. The results highlight a large variation in self-reported income satisfaction, which is partly explained by differences in response scales. When differences in response scales are eliminated, the cross-country differences are quite well in line with differences in an objective measure of purchasing power of household income. There are common features in the response scale differences in job satisfaction and income satisfaction. French respondents tend to be critical in both assessments, while Danish and Dutch respondents are always on the optimistic end of the spectrum. Moreover, correcting for response scale differences decreases the cross-country association between satisfaction with income and job satisfaction among workers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
How education enhances happiness: comparison of mediating factors in four East Asian countries (2012)
Chen, Wan-chi;Zitatform
Chen, Wan-chi (2012): How education enhances happiness. Comparison of mediating factors in four East Asian countries. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 106, H. 1, S. 117-131. DOI:10.1007/s11205-011-9798-5
Abstract
"Educational philosophers contend that education enhances autonomy and thus happiness, but empirical studies rarely explore the positive influence of education on happiness. Based on the previous finding that being better connected to the outside world makes people happy, this study examines the possibility that how well an individual connects to the world accounts for the positive association between education and happiness. Analyzing survey data from four East Asian countries, we find a common pattern among Japan, Taiwan and South Korea. Although both monetary and non-monetary factors play a role in explaining the relationship between education and higher reports of happiness, monetary factor is relatively unimportant whereas non-monetary factors, such as interpersonal network and degree of cosmopolitanism, account for a significant part of the association between education and happiness. China is exceptional due to its relative importance of personal income in accounting for happiness. In short, individuals who receive more education have more extensive social networks as well as greater involvement with the wider world; these life conditions are positively related with happiness. By enhancing one's ability and propensity to connect with the wider social world, education may improve an individual's subjective well-being." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Revisiting the structure of subjective well-being in middle-aged adults (2012)
Chmiel, Magda; Brunner, Martin; Martin, Romain; Schalke, Daniela;Zitatform
Chmiel, Magda, Martin Brunner, Romain Martin & Daniela Schalke (2012): Revisiting the structure of subjective well-being in middle-aged adults. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 106, H. 1, S. 109-116. DOI:10.1007/s11205-011-9796-7
Abstract
"Subjective well-being is a broad, multifaceted construct comprising general satisfaction with life, satisfaction with life domains (health, family, people, free time, self, housing, work, and finances), positive affect, and negative affect. Drawing on representative data from middle-aged adults (N = 738), the authors used three different structural models to analyze the interrelationships among these facets of subjective well-being. In a top-down model, a single factor representing global subjective well-being explained the correlations found among the more specific facets of subjective well-being and exerted the strongest influence on general satisfaction with life, satisfaction with health, and satisfaction with finances. In a bottom-up model, satisfaction with the latter two domains had the strongest effect on global subjective well-being. The authors discuss the implications of their findings for research on subjective well-being." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Happiness, habits and high rank: comparisons in economic and social life (2012)
Zitatform
Clark, Andrew E. (2012): Happiness, habits and high rank. Comparisons in economic and social life. (SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research at DIW Berlin 452), Berlin, 40 S.
Abstract
"The role of money in producing sustained subjective well-being seems to be seriously compromised by social comparisons and habituation. But does that necessarily mean that we would be better off doing something else instead? This paper suggests that the phenomena of comparison and habituation are actually found in a considerable variety of economic and social activities, rendering conclusions regarding well-being policy less straightforward." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Does education affect happiness?: evidence for Spain (2012)
Cunado, Juncal; Gracia, Fernando Perez de;Zitatform
Cunado, Juncal & Fernando Perez de Gracia (2012): Does education affect happiness? Evidence for Spain. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 108, H. 1, S. 185-196. DOI:10.1007/s11205-011-9874-x
Abstract
"In this paper, we study the impact of education on happiness in Spain using individual-level data from the European Social Survey, by means of estimating ordinal logit models. We find both direct and indirect effects of education on happiness. First, we find an indirect effect of education on happiness through income and labour status. That is, we find that people with a higher education level have higher income levels and a higher probability of being employed, and thus, report higher levels of happiness. Second, and after controlling by income, labour status, and other socio-economic variables, we find that education has a positive (and direct) impact on happiness. We interpret this result as evidence of a 'self-confidence' or 'self-estimation' effect from acquiring knowledge. Finally, we find that the direct impact of education on happiness does not depend of the level of education (primary, secondary, or tertiary)." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Individual well-being in a dynamic perspective (2012)
D'Ambrosio, Conchita; Frick, Joachim R.;Zitatform
D'Ambrosio, Conchita & Joachim R. Frick (2012): Individual well-being in a dynamic perspective. In: Economica, Jg. 79, H. 314, S. 284-302. DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0335.2011.00896.x
Abstract
"We explore the determinants of individual wellbeing as measured by self-reported levels of satisfaction with income and life. Making use of the German Socio-Economic Panel, we provide empirical evidence for wellbeing depending on absolute and relative income levels in a dynamic framework where status and signal effects play a role. This finding holds after controlling for other factors in a multivariate setting. The main novelty is the consideration of dynamic aspects: the individual's own history and the relative income performance with respect to other society members play major roles in the assessment of individual wellbeing." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Inequality of wellbeing: a multidimensional approach (2012)
Decancq, Koen; Lugo, María Ana;Zitatform
Decancq, Koen & María Ana Lugo (2012): Inequality of wellbeing. A multidimensional approach. In: Economica, Jg. 79, H. 316, S. 721-746.
Abstract
"An important aspect of multidimensional wellbeing distributions is the correlation between different dimensions. We propose two indices for measuring multidimensional inequality, derived from two underlying social evaluation functions. These functions aggregate both across dimensions and across individuals. The social evaluation functions differ only with respect to the sequencing of aggregation. Aggregating first across dimensions is more attractive since it allows the inequality index to depend on the correlation between dimensions. We illustrate both indices, and the impact of correlation sensitivity, using Russian household data between 1995 and 2005 for four dimensions of wellbeing: expenditure, health, schooling and housing quality." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
A "happiness test" for the new measures of national well-being: how much better than GDP are they? (2012)
Delhey, Jan; Kroll, Christian;Zitatform
Delhey, Jan & Christian Kroll (2012): A "happiness test" for the new measures of national well-being. How much better than GDP are they? (Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung. Discussion papers SP 1 2012-201), Berlin, 28 S.
Abstract
"Across the globe there is growing skepticism about the usefulness of GDP as a measure of national well-being. Consequently, several alternative quality-of-life (QOL) measures were developed which either aim at healing the GDP, complementing it, or replacing it. This chapter portrays some of these new measures and puts them to a 'happiness test': compared to the GDP, are the new QOL measures better able to capture what makes people happy and satisfied with their lives? Using data for 34 OECD societies, we can show that from a happiness perspective, there is - surprisingly - little wrong with the GDP, and most alternative QOL measures do not outperform GDP. Yet, one measure actually does a better job: the OECD's Better Life Index which is particularly effective when it comes to predicting subjective well-being in the richest OECD countries. In sum, the chapter demonstrates that a happiness perspective can add important insights along the way to facilitate the search for a new, widely accepted, internationally comparable measure of well-being." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Does self-employment contribute to national happiness? (2012)
El Harbi, Sana; Grolleau, Gilles;Zitatform
El Harbi, Sana & Gilles Grolleau (2012): Does self-employment contribute to national happiness? In: The Journal of Socio-Economics, Jg. 41, H. 5, S. 670-676. DOI:10.1016/j.socec.2012.06.001
Abstract
"Recent studies showed that self-employment impacts individual happiness either positively or negatively. Rather than considering the happiness effects at the individual level, we assess whether self-employment effects spread and impact the domestic happiness beyond the involved individuals. We distinguish a direct effect of self-employment on life satisfaction and an indirect effect through the impact of self-employment on per capita income and the subsequent impact of income on life satisfaction. Using panel data analysis for 15 OECD countries over a period of 18 years, we investigate empirically whether countries with higher levels of self-employment are happier, by disentangling the two previously mentioned effects. We remedy the potential endogeneity problem when estimating the indirect effect by instrumenting the self-employment rate. The main finding is a significant and negative direct effect which is larger in magnitude than the indirect effect, resulting in an overall negative effect of self-employment on the domestic happiness." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Exploring determinants of subjective wellbeing in OECD countries: evidence from the World Value Survey (2012)
Fleche, Sarah; Smith, Conal; Sorsa, Piritta;Zitatform
Fleche, Sarah, Conal Smith & Piritta Sorsa (2012): Exploring determinants of subjective wellbeing in OECD countries. Evidence from the World Value Survey. (OECD statistics working paper 2012,01), Paris, 41 S. DOI:10.1787/5k9ffc6p1rvb-en
Abstract
"The paper explores issues with assessing wellbeing in OECD countries based on self-reported life satisfaction surveys in a pooled regression over time and countries, at the country level and the OECD average. The results, which are in line with previous studies of subjective wellbeing, show that, apart from income, the state of health, not being unemployed, and social relationships are particularly important for wellbeing with only some differences across countries. The results also show that cultural differences are not major drivers of differences in life satisfaction. Correlations between the rankings of measures of life satisfaction and other indicators of wellbeing such as the Human Development Index and Better Life Index are also relatively high. Measures of subjective wellbeing can play an important part in informing policy makers of progress with wellbeing in general, or what seems to matter for wellbeing - health, being employed and social contacts - beyond income." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: OECD Economics Department working papers , 921 -
Literaturhinweis
Unhappiness and job finding (2012)
Gielen, Anne C.; Ours, Jan C. van;Zitatform
Gielen, Anne C. & Jan C. van Ours (2012): Unhappiness and job finding. (IZA discussion paper 6320), Bonn, 32 S.
Abstract
"It is puzzling that people feel quite unhappy when they become unemployed, while at the same time active labor market policies are needed to bring unemployed back to work more quickly. Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel, we investigate whether there is indeed such a puzzle. First, we find that nearly half of the unemployed do not experience a drop in happiness, which might explain why at least some workers need to be activated. In addition to that, we find that even though unemployed who experience a drop in happiness search more actively for a job, it does not speed up their job finding. Apparently, there is no link between unhappiness and the speed of job finding. Hence, there is no contradiction between unemployed being unhappy and the need for activation policies." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Life satisfaction among Turkish and Moroccan immigrants in the Netherlands: the role of absolute and relative income (2012)
Gokdemir, Ozge; Dumludag, Devrim;Zitatform
Gokdemir, Ozge & Devrim Dumludag (2012): Life satisfaction among Turkish and Moroccan immigrants in the Netherlands. The role of absolute and relative income. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 106, H. 3, S. 407-417. DOI:10.1007/s11205-011-9815-8
Abstract
"Social Indicators Research May 2012, Volume 106, Issue 3, pp 407-417 Life Satisfaction Among Turkish and Moroccan Immigrants in the Netherlands: The Role of Absolute and Relative Income Ozge Gokdemir, Devrim Dumludag ... show all 2 hide ' Download PDF (179 KB) ' View Article Abstract In this paper we investigate the role of several socio-economic and non-economic factors such as absolute and relative income, education and religion to explain the differences of happiness levels of Turkish and Moroccan Immigrants in the Netherlands by using ordered logit model. We focus on members of the Moroccan and Turkish communities, as these are the two largest non-EU immigrant communities in the Netherlands. Our findings reveal that Moroccans, although they have lower income levels and higher unemployment rates than Turkish immigrants, their happiness level is higher than the Turkish immigrants. In order to understand this dilemma a questionnaire survey was performed to 111 Turkish and 96 Moroccan immigrants in Rotterdam, Amsterdam, Den Haag, Utrecht and Arnhem in 2010. The main purpose is to investigate how reference group's self-reported life satisfaction is related to the level of absolute income; the level of relative income and other socio-economic factors. The main findings are that for Turkish sample relative income is significantly and negatively correlated with life satisfaction whereas, both absolute income (positively) and relative income (negatively) are significantly correlated with life satisfaction for Moroccan case." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Subjective well-being: keeping up with the perception of the Joneses (2012)
Guven, Cahit; Sorensen, Bent E.;Zitatform
Guven, Cahit & Bent E. Sorensen (2012): Subjective well-being. Keeping up with the perception of the Joneses. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 109, H. 3, S. 439-469. DOI:10.1007/s11205-011-9910-x
Abstract
"Using data from the US General Social Survey 1972-2004, we study the role of perceptions and status in self-reported happiness. Reference group income negatively relates to own happiness and high perceptions about own relative income, quality of dwelling, and social class relate positively and very significantly to happiness. Perceptions about income and status matter more for females, and for low income, conservative, more social, and less trusting individuals. Dwelling perceptions matter more for males, and for middle income, married, conservative, more social, and less trusting individuals." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Geschlechtsspezifisches Arbeitsmarktverhalten, Verdienste und Wohlbefinden im Familienkontext (2012)
Zitatform
Heineck, Guido & Joachim Möller (2012): Geschlechtsspezifisches Arbeitsmarktverhalten, Verdienste und Wohlbefinden im Familienkontext. In: H. Bertram & M. Bujard (Hrsg.) (2012): Zeit, Geld, Infrastruktur - zur Zukunft der Familienpolitik (Soziale Welt. Sonderband, 19), S. 209-230, 2011-04-28.
Abstract
"Zunächst analysieren wir auf Grundlage eines großen Mikrodatensatzes, der Stichprobe der Integrierten Erwerbsbiographien (SIAB), geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede in Beschäftigungsformen, Arbeitszeiten und in Verdiensten im längerfristigen Vergleich. Danach wenden wir uns den ökonomischen Auswirkungen von familienbedingten Erwerbsunterbrechungen zu und führen hierzu eine Kohortenanalyse durch. Im Anschluss daran untersuchen wir auf Grundlage des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP), inwieweit individuelle Arbeitszeitformen, -präferenzen sowie Flexibilitätsmaße mit Job- und Lebenszufriedenheit von (Ehe-)Partnern mit Kindern zusammenhängen." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Möller, Joachim; -
Literaturhinweis
Das Glück bei der Arbeit: über Flow-Zustände, Arbeitszufriedenheit und das Schaffen attraktiver Arbeitsplätze (2012)
Kaudelka, Karin; Hien, Wolfgang; Hofmann, Josephine; Harzer, Claudia; Thomä, Dieter; Schuh, Sebastian C.; Binswanger, Mathias; Schlichtenberger, Clara; Dick, Rolf van; Krauß, Harald; Creusen, Utho; Popp, Reinhold; Kilger, Gerhard; Ruch, Willibald;Zitatform
Kaudelka, Karin & Gerhard Kilger (Hrsg.) (2012): Das Glück bei der Arbeit. Über Flow-Zustände, Arbeitszufriedenheit und das Schaffen attraktiver Arbeitsplätze. (Sozialtheorie), Bielefeld: Transcript, 150 S.
Abstract
"'Glück bei der Arbeit' - gibt es das überhaupt? Warum ist Arbeitszufriedenheit nicht nur wichtig für Arbeitnehmer und Unternehmen, sondern auch für die Gesellschaft? Wie schafft man Arbeitsplätze, die zum Erfolgsfaktor werden? Dieses Buch liefert substanzielle Antworten mit Hilfe einer interdisziplinären Rundschau aus philosophischer und psychologischer Sicht, u.a. mit Erkenntnissen aus der Glücksforschung und Arbeitswissenschaft. Die Beiträge zeigen: Arbeit muss nicht nur Last, sondern kann auch Lust sein." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Reich und zufrieden? Theorie und Empirie zur Beziehung von Wohlstand und Lebenszufriedenheit (2012)
Zitatform
Keuschnigg, Marc & Tobias Wolbring (2012): Reich und zufrieden? Theorie und Empirie zur Beziehung von Wohlstand und Lebenszufriedenheit. In: Berliner Journal für Soziologie, Jg. 22, H. 2, S. 189-216. DOI:10.1007/s11609-012-0183-2
Abstract
"Die komplexe Beziehung von Einkommen und Lebenszufriedenheit kann auf verschiedene moderierende Einflüsse zurückgeführt werden. Dazu zählen die Befriedigung materieller Grundbedürfnisse, soziale Vergleiche und Gewöhnungsprozesse. Diese Teilerklärungen werden mit Daten des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (1992 - 2008) sowie einer eigens durchgeführten Erhebung in München geprüft. Alle drei Mechanismen erweisen sich für die Erklärung des nichtlinearen Zusammenhangs zwischen Einkommen und Lebenszufriedenheit als empirisch relevant. Oberhalb einer Schwelle von ca. 800 EURO monatlich verfügbarem Einkommen steigern Wohlstandsverbesserungen die Lebenszufriedenheit nur noch unwesentlich. Dieser Befund bietet sich daher für eine empirisch angeleitete Definition von Reichtum an. Überdies haben Einkünfte aus Vermögensbeständen keinen nennenswerten Einfluss auf das Wohlbefinden. Die Bedeutung von Einkommensvergleichen zeigt sich schwach in Bezug auf nachbarschaftliche Referenzwerte und deutlich stärker in Bezug auf spezifische Referenzgruppen wie Durchschnittsbürger oder Kollegen, nicht aber in Bezug auf Verwandte oder Freunde. Die Panelergebnisse stützen die Hypothesen zu Anspruchsniveau und Gewöhnung. Hierbei zeigt sich, dass Einkommensverluste die Lebenszufriedenheit stärker beeinflussen als -gewinne, ein Ergebnis, das insbesondere für Bessergestellte, nicht aber für Arme gilt." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Partnership, gender roles and the well-being cost of unemployment (2012)
Zitatform
Knabe, Andreas, Ronnie Schöb & Joachim Weimann (2012): Partnership, gender roles and the well-being cost of unemployment. (CESifo working paper 3932), München, 29 S.
Abstract
"We use the differences between life satisfaction and emotional well-being of employed and unemployed persons to analyze how a person's employment status affects cognitive well-being. Our results show that unemployment has a negative impact on cognitive, but not on affective well-being, which we interpret as a loss in identity utility. Living in a partnership strengthens the loss in identity utility of men, but weakens that of women. Unemployment of a person's partner reduces the identity loss of unemployed men, but raises it for women. These results suggest that the unemployed's feeling of identity is affected by traditional gender roles, while this does not seem to be the case for the affective part of their subjective well-being." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Income comparisons among neighbours and satisfaction in East and West Germany (2012)
Knies, Gundi;Zitatform
Knies, Gundi (2012): Income comparisons among neighbours and satisfaction in East and West Germany. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 106, H. 3, S. 471-489. DOI:10.1007/s11205-011-9818-5
Abstract
"A series of studies have suggested that changes in others' income may be perceived differently in post-transition and capitalist societies. This paper draws on the German Socio-economic Panel Study (SOEP) matched with micro-marketing indicators of population characteristics in very tightly drawn neighbourhoods to investigate whether reactions to changes in their neighbours' income divide the German nation. We find that the neighbourhood income effect for West Germany is negative (which is in line with the 'relative income' hypothesis) and slightly more marked in neighbourhoods that may be assumed to be places where social interactions between neighbours take place. In contrast, the coefficients on neighbourhood income in East Germany are positive (which is consistent with the 'signalling' hypothesis), but statistically not significant. This suggests not only that there is a divide between East and West Germany, but also that neighbours may not be a relevant comparison group in societies that have comparatively low levels of neighbouring." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Don't worry, be happy? Happiness and reemployment (2012)
Krause, Annabelle;Zitatform
Krause, Annabelle (2012): Don't worry, be happy? Happiness and reemployment. (IZA discussion paper 7107), Bonn, 31 S.
Abstract
"Subjective well-being is primarily treated as an outcome variable in the economic literature. However, is happiness also a driver of behavior and life's outcomes? Rich survey data of recent entrants into unemployment in Germany show that a significant inverted U-shaped relationship exists between residual happiness and an unemployed individual's future reemployment probability and the reentry wage. Residual life satisfaction displays higher (or lower) satisfaction levels than would be predicted by a number of socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. This paper is the first to show that happiness is mainly a predictor for self-employment and less for standard reemployment. Related findings suggest that happiness matters for male unemployed, and the concept of locus of control is able to explain part of the effect. If reemployment and higher wages are considered desirable outcomes for the unemployed individual and society, the shape of the effect suggests an optimal level of happiness, which is not necessarily the highest." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))