Wellbeing – wie Lebensqualität, Arbeit und Einkommen zusammenhängen
Das Streben nach Glück ist ein zentrales Element im Leben, wobei das individuelle Wohlbefinden sowohl persönliche als auch gesellschaftliche Ursachen hat. Welchen Einfluss haben Wirtschaftsentwicklung, Einkommen, der berufliche Werdegang oder Arbeitslosigkeitserfahrungen auf die subjektive Lebensqualität eines Menschen?
Dieses Themendossier bietet hierzu aktuelle Literatur und Projekthinweise.
Im Filter „Autorenschaft“ können Sie auf IAB-(Mit-)Autorenschaft eingrenzen.
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Literaturhinweis
Job displacement and subjective well-being: Findings from the American Time Use Survey Well-Being Modules (2018)
Zitatform
Song, Younghwan (2018): Job displacement and subjective well-being: Findings from the American Time Use Survey Well-Being Modules. In: Journal for labour market research, Jg. 52, H. 1, S. 1-13. DOI:10.1186/s12651-018-0249-5
Abstract
"Using matched cross-sectional data drawn from the 2010 and 2012 Displaced Workers Supplements of the Current Population Surveys and the 2010, 2012, and 2013 American Time Use Survey Well-Being Modules, this paper examines the relationship between job displacement and various measures of subjective well-being by sex. Displaced men report lower levels of life evaluation than nondisplaced men due to the differences in employment, marital status and income, whereas displaced women report lower levels of net affect and happiness and increased pain, sadness, and stress than nondisplaced women, but no difference in their life evaluation. Among men, those displaced by layoffs, not by plant closings, express lower levels of life evaluation than those not displaced, but there is no such difference by cause of displacement among women. The negative relationship between job displacement and subjective well-being decreases over time for both men and women." (Author's abstract, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Family, work and well-being: emergence of new issues (2018)
Zitatform
Tammelin, Mia (Hrsg.) (2018): Family, work and well-being. Emergence of new issues. (SpringerBriefs in well-being and quality of life research), Cham: Springer London, 116 S. DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-76463-4
Abstract
"This book analyses the current state-of-the-art research on families, working hours and well-being in Europe, addressing both paid and non-paid work from a family perspective, and introducing emerging issues related to working hours and family life. Further, it discusses the implications of these issues for the well-being of individuals and families. Examining topics such as the division of paid and non-paid work within families, flexibility patterns, the 24/7 society, intensification of work, and the implication of mobile technology for work - family relations, it illustrates how the experiences of working families differ depending on their socio-economic status." (Publisher information, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Happiness at work (2017)
De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel; Ward, George;Zitatform
De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel & George Ward (2017): Happiness at work. (CEP discussion paper 1474), London, 72 S.
Abstract
"Happiness is typically defined by how people experience and evaluate their lives as a whole. Since the majority of people spend much of their lives at work, it is critically important to gain a solid understanding of the role that employment and the workplace play in shaping happiness for individuals and communities around the world. In this paper, we focus largely on the role of work and employment in shaping people's happiness, and investigate how employment status, job type, and workplace characteristics relate to measures of subjective wellbeing." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Modes of employment and identity (2017)
Zitatform
Hetschko, Clemens & Ronnie Schöb (2017): Modes of employment and identity. In: Die Unternehmung. Swiss Journal of Business Research and Practice, Jg. 71, H. 4, S. 369-389., 2017-10-09. DOI:10.5771/0042-059X-2017-4-368
Abstract
"In diesem Beitrag widmen wir uns dem Thema Arbeit aus Sicht der ökonomischen Wohlbefindensforschung. Wir dokumentieren anhand zahlreicher Studien, wie der Erwerbsstatus und das Arbeitsleben das subjektive Wohlbefinden beeinflussen. Im Gegensatz zur traditionellen Arbeitszufriedenheitsforschung basieren diese Studien zumeist auf umfassenden Längsschnittanalysen repräsentativer Daten und widmen sich Indikatoren des Wohlbefindens, die nicht spezifisch auf das Berufsleben abzielen. Im Ergebnis stellt sich heraus, dass insbesondere das Identitätsempfinden von Arbeitnehmern ein wichtiger Kanal ist, durch den Erwerbsstatus und Arbeitsplatzmerkmale das Wohlbefinden beeinflussen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Migrants' pursuit of happiness: An analysis of the effects of adaptation, social comparison and economic integration on subjective well-being on the basis of German panel data for 1990-2014 (2017)
Zitatform
Melzer, Silvia Maja & Ruud J. Muffels (2017): Migrants' pursuit of happiness. An analysis of the effects of adaptation, social comparison and economic integration on subjective well-being on the basis of German panel data for 1990-2014. In: Migration studies, Jg. 5, H. 2, S. 190-215. DOI:10.1093/migration/mnx021
Abstract
"German reunification provides a unique opportunity to investigate the effects of migration on subjective well-being (SWB) on the basis of longitudinal pre- and post-migration data. Our main goal is to assess the effects of adaptation, social comparison and economic integration on the change in SWB associated with migration from eastern to western Germany after the German reunification of 1990. We expect that gains or losses in SWB after migration are influenced by how migrants adapt to their new economic conditions, with whom they compare themselves and how well they integrate economically (as indicated by their relative income position) into the new society. We estimate fixed-effects generalized least squares regressions using Socio-Economic Panel data for the period 1990 - 2014. The results indicate a positive and strong effect of migration on SWB, both for men and women, which results in part from the higher incomes migrants earn in the new society. In line with the Easterlin paradox, our results show that general income increases do not generate equivalent gains in SWB because of processes of adaptation and social comparison. For migrating men the increase in SWB is diminished significantly by a dissatisfaction resulting from comparing their income with that of their new peers in western Germany and that of their former peers in eastern Germany. The change in SWB of migrating women and men is much more dependent on social comparison than on economic integration." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
How far reaches the power of personality? Personality predictors of terminal decline in well-being (2017)
Zitatform
Mueller, Swantje, Jenny Wagner, Gert G. Wagner, Nilam Ram & Denis Gerstorf (2017): How far reaches the power of personality? Personality predictors of terminal decline in well-being. (SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research at DIW Berlin 944), Berlin, 56 S.
Abstract
"Personality is a powerful predictor of central life outcomes, including subjective well-being. Yet, we still know little about how personality manifests in the very last years of life when well-being typically falls rapidly. Here, we investigate whether the Big Five personality traits buffer (or magnify) terminal decline in well-being beyond and in interaction with functioning in key physical and social domains. We applied growth models to up to 10-year longitudinal data from 629 now deceased participants in the nation-wide German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP; age at death: M = 76 years; SD = 11). Lower neuroticism and higher conscientiousness were each uniquely associated with higher late-life well-being one year prior to death. At the same time, participants low in neuroticism experienced steeper terminal well-being declines. Similarly, individuals high in agreeableness and women high in extraversion reported higher well-being far away from death, but experienced more severe terminal decline, such that personality-related differences in well-being were not discernible anymore at one year prior to death. Interaction effects further revealed that individuals suffering from disability benefit less from higher levels of conscientiousness, while openness to experience appeared particularly beneficial for the less educated. We conclude that in the context of often severe late-life health challenges that accompany the last years of life, adaptive personality-related differences continue to be evident and sizeable for some traits, but appear to diminish and even reverse in direction for other traits. We discuss possible underlying mechanisms and practical implications." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Ungleichheit und Zufriedenheit: Anmerkungen zur Ungleichheitsdebatte (2017)
Zitatform
Schöb, Ronnie (2017): Ungleichheit und Zufriedenheit. Anmerkungen zur Ungleichheitsdebatte. In: Ifo Dresden berichtet, Jg. 24, H. 4, S. 32-35.
Abstract
"Befragungen zur Lebenszufriedenheit in Deutschland zeigen einen deutlichen Anstieg der Zufriedenheit in den Jahren 2005 bis 2015. In der gegenwärtigen politischen Diskussion wird dagegen häufig ein Bild gezeichnet, wonach sich immer mehr Menschen abgehängt fühlen und zunehmend Sorgen um die Zukunft machen. Blickt man aber auf die Entwicklung der subjektiven Lebenszufriedenheit in den unterschiedlichen Einkommensgruppen, zeigt sich, dass die Schere zwischen Unzufriedenen und Zufriedenen nicht etwa aufgegangen ist, sondern sich sogar etwas geschlossen hat. Der vorliegende Beitrag ergründet mögliche Ursachen dieser gegensätzlichen Wahrnehmung." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Subjective well-being and income: a compromise between Easterlin paradox and its critiques (2017)
Zitatform
Yasar, Rusen (2017): Subjective well-being and income: a compromise between Easterlin paradox and its critiques. (Economics. Discussion papers 2017-113), Kiel, 25 S.
Abstract
"Despite rising popularity of subjective well-being (SWB) as a proxy for utility, its relationship with income is still unresolved. Against the background of debates around the 'Easterlin paradox', this paper seeks a compromise between two positions: one that insists on individual relative income, and one that finds similarity between individual and aggregate levels. Proposing a model which puts the emphasis on the interaction between individual and aggregate-level factors, it argues that the effect of relative income on SWB varies across countries as a function of average income, in addition to a relatively small direct effect of the latter, in partial agreement with the two major positions. The model is tested cross-sectionally on the data from the latest wave of World Values Survey. The results from hierarchical mixed-effect models confirm the main argument. But further examination reveals that there is still unaccounted variation especially in middle-income economies." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
How's life? 2017: measuring well-being (2017)
Zitatform
(2017): How's life? 2017. Measuring well-being. (How's life? 04), Paris, 458 S. DOI:10.1787/how_life-2017-en
Abstract
"Alle zwei Jahre stellt die OECD die Frage: Wie ist das Leben? Wie steht es um Einkommen und Beschäftigung, aber auch Wohnen, Gesundheit, Bildung, den sozialen Zusammenhalt oder die Work-Life-Balance? Die aktuelle Untersuchung zeigt: In den letzten zehn Jahren hat sich die Lebensqualität in vielen Bereichen verbessert, doch es gibt auch rückläufige Entwicklungen und vor allem Unterschiede nach Geschlecht und Bildungsniveau.
Die OECD-Studie 'How's Life? 2017' analysiert mithilfe von 50 international vergleichbaren Indikatoren jenseits des Bruttoinlandsprodukts die Lebensbedingungen der Menschen in den 35 OECD- und sechs Partnerländern. Ein Kapitel befasst sich mit der Situation von Migranten. Ein weiteres Kapitel präsentiert die Ergebnisse der einzelnen Länder." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)Weiterführende Informationen
Hier finden Sie die deutsche Zusammenfassung -
Literaturhinweis
Top incomes and human well-being around the world (2016)
Zitatform
Burkhauser, Richard V., Jan-Emmanuel De Neve & Nattavudh Powdthavee (2016): Top incomes and human well-being around the world. (CEP discussion paper 1400), London, 57 S.
Abstract
"The share of income held by the top 1 percent in many countries around the world has been rising persistently over the last 30 years. But we continue to know little about how the rising top income shares affect human well-being. This study combines the latest data to examine the relationship between top income share and different dimensions of subjective well-being. We find top income shares to be significantly correlated with lower life evaluation and higher levels of negative emotional well-being, but not positive emotional well-being. The results are robust to household income, individual's socio-economic status, and macroeconomic environment controls." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Can workfare programs offset the negative effect of unemployment on subjective well-being? (2016)
Zitatform
Crost, Benjamin (2016): Can workfare programs offset the negative effect of unemployment on subjective well-being? In: Economics Letters, Jg. 140, H. March, S. 42-47. DOI:10.1016/j.econlet.2015.12.007
Abstract
"Previous research suggests that unemployment negatively affects indicators of mental health and well-being, but it remains unclear whether active labor market policy can offset this effect. This paper examines a workfare program that was a key part of Germany's active labor market policy for over 30 years. Fixed effects panel estimates suggest that participation in the workfare program offset most, though not all, of the negative effect of unemployment on subjective life satisfaction. Robustness tests find no evidence that this estimate is due to non-parallel time-trends, unobserved shocks in the pre-treatment period, adaptation to unemployment or differences in regional unemployment rates. These results suggest that active labor market policies can help reduce the negative psychological effect of unemployment." (Author's abstract, © 2016 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Vertrauen und emotionale Stabilität als Determinanten von Erfolg und Lebenszufriedenheit (2016)
Ewers, Mara;Zitatform
Ewers, Mara (2016): Vertrauen und emotionale Stabilität als Determinanten von Erfolg und Lebenszufriedenheit. In: IW-Trends, Jg. 43, H. 2, S. 1-89. DOI:10.2373/1864-810X.16-02-06
Abstract
"Wie erklären sich Unterschiede im guten und erfolgreichen Leben, wenn man dieses an der Lebens- und Arbeitszufriedenheit, dem Bruttostundenlohn, der Gesundheit und den Ausbildungsjahren festmacht? Erkenntnisse fachübergreifender Forschung von Ökonomen und Psychologen werfen die Frage auf, ob allein ökonomische Präferenzen sowie gesellschaftliche und ökonomische Rahmenbedingungen hierfür verantwortlich sind. Die vorliegende Untersuchung zeigt, dass Ungleichheit auch eine Folge der Entwicklung der Persönlichkeit ist. Ökonomische Präferenzen und Persönlichkeitsmerkmale sind nicht perfekt austauschbar. Vielmehr ergänzen sie sich. Erfolgreiche Bundesbürger in allen untersuchten Lebensbereichen weisen vor allem hohe Werte bei der emotionalen Stabilität und beim Vertrauen auf. Von den Bundesbürgern, die der Aussage 'Im Allgemeinen kann man den Menschen vertrauen' voll zustimmten, geben 72 Prozent eine hohe Lebenszufriedenheit an. Unter allen Deutschen trifft dies nur auf jeden zweiten zu." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Life satisfaction in Germany after reunification: additional insights on the pattern of convergence (2016)
Zitatform
Pfeifer, Christian & Inna Petrunyk (2016): Life satisfaction in Germany after reunification. Additional insights on the pattern of convergence. In: Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik, Jg. 236, H. 2, S. 217-239. DOI:10.1515/jbnst-2015-1010
Abstract
"The authors update previous findings on the total East-West gap in overall life satisfaction and its trend by using data from the German Socio- Economic Panel (SOEP) for the years 1992 to 2013. Additionally, the East-West gap and its trend are separately analyzed for men and women as well as for four birth cohorts. The results indicate that reported life satisfaction is on average significantly lower in East than in West German federal states and that part of the raw East-West gap is due to differences in household income and unemployment status. The conditional East-West gap decreased in the first years after the German reunification and remained quite stable and sizeable since the mid-nineties. The results further indicate that gender differences are small. But the East-West gap is significantly smaller and shows a trend towards convergence for younger birth cohorts." (Author's abstract, © De Gruyter) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Does self-perceptions and income inequality match?: the case of subjective social status (2016)
Zitatform
Poppitz, Philipp (2016): Does self-perceptions and income inequality match? The case of subjective social status. (IMK working paper 173), Düsseldorf, 28 S.
Abstract
"This paper uses subjective social status to test whether individual comparisons are driven by income and wealth, or other dimensions of inequality including education and prestige. Using a cross-sectional data set of 18 European countries and a mixed model with an MCMC estimation method, this work reveals that material factors are just as important as non-material factors. Besides income and wealth, social and cultural capital are important factors to explain the gap between income inequality and the perception of inequality. The most relevant institutions to explain the cross-country differences within Europe are the GDP level, average health and the education system, which also moderates the relevance of wealth on subjective social status." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Are we architects of our own happiness?: the importance of family background for well-being (2016)
Zitatform
Schnitzlein, Daniel D. & Christoph Wunder (2016): Are we architects of our own happiness? The importance of family background for well-being. In: The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy, Jg. 16, H. 1, S. 125-149. DOI:10.1515/bejeap-2015-0037
Abstract
"This paper analyzes whether individuals have equal opportunity to achieve happiness (or well-being). We estimate sibling correlations and intergenerational correlations in self-reported life satisfaction, satisfaction with household income, job satisfaction, and satisfaction with health. We find high sibling correlations for all measures of well-being. The results suggest that family background explains, on average, between 30% and 60% of the inequality in permanent well-being. The influence is smaller when the siblings' psychological and geographical distance from their parental home is larger. Results from intergenerational correlations suggest that parental characteristics are considerably less important than family and community factors." (Author's abstract, © De Gruyter) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The relative income hypothesis: a comparison of methods (2015)
Zitatform
Brown, Sarah, Daniel Gray & Jennifer Roberts (2015): The relative income hypothesis. A comparison of methods. In: Economics letters, Jg. 130, H. May, S. 47-50. DOI:10.1016/j.econlet.2015.02.031
Abstract
"Studies of the relative income hypothesis find positive and negative effects of relative income. To facilitate comparisons we use a large household panel and highlight the sensitivity of the relative income effect to the definition of the reference group and to the estimation strategy employed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Individual troubles, shared troubles: the multiplicative effect of individual and country-level unemployment on life satisfaction in 95 nations (1981 - 2009) (2015)
Zitatform
Calvo, Esteban, Christine A. Mair & Natalia Sarkisian (2015): Individual troubles, shared troubles: the multiplicative effect of individual and country-level unemployment on life satisfaction in 95 nations (1981 - 2009). In: Social forces, Jg. 93, H. 4, S. 1625-1653. DOI:10.1093/sf/sou109
Abstract
"Although the negative association between unemployment and life satisfaction is well documented, much theoretical and empirical controversy surrounds the question of how unemployment actually shapes life satisfaction. Previous studies suggest that unemployment may endanger subjective well-being through individual experiences, contextual influences, or a combination of both. Drawing on data from the World and European Values Surveys, National Accounts Official Country Data, Social Security Programs Throughout the World Reports, World Development Indicators, and World Income Inequality databases for 398,533 individuals in 95 nations (1981 - 2009), we use three-level hierarchical linear models to test four competing theory-based hypotheses -- that unemployment shapes life satisfaction through individual, contextual, additive, or multiplicative effects. Our results support a multiplicative interaction between individual- and country-level unemployment. Unemployed individuals are less satisfied than other individuals, and when unemployment rates rise, their satisfaction drops even further below students, homemakers, and employed individuals; retirees, however, become more similar to the unemployed. We discuss these findings in light of previous theoretical models to argue for a model where individual unemployment is understood in the context of diverse labor force statuses and national unemployment rates. We conclude with policy suggestions aiming to address the negative consequences of unemployment through individualized and contextualized plans." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
People typically experience extended periods of relative happiness or unhappiness due to positive feedback loops between LS and variables which are both causes and consequences of LS (2015)
Zitatform
Headey, Bruce & Ruud Muffels (2015): People typically experience extended periods of relative happiness or unhappiness due to positive feedback loops between LS and variables which are both causes and consequences of LS. In: Schmollers Jahrbuch, Jg. 135, H. 1, S. 97-108. DOI:10.3790/schm.135.1.97
Abstract
"Long term panel data enable researchers to construct trajectories of LS for individuals over time. Bar charts of trajectories, and subsequent statistical analysis, show that respondents typically spend multiple consecutive years above and below their own long-term mean level of LS. We attempt to explain these multi-year waves of change by estimating structural equation models with two-way causal links between LS and variables usually treated as causes of LS, including health, frequency of physical exercise and frequency of social activities. Results are interpreted as showing positive feedback loops between these variables and LS, such that gains and losses of LS tend to be reinforced over time." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The unhappily unemployed return to work faster (2015)
Mavridis, Dimitris;Zitatform
Mavridis, Dimitris (2015): The unhappily unemployed return to work faster. In: IZA journal of labor economics, Jg. 4, S. 1-22. DOI:10.1186/s40172-014-0015-z
Abstract
"This paper shows that job loss is associated with a fall in subjective well-being (SWB). It then looks at how this change in SWB predicts job search and unemployment duration. The findings suggest that those who report feeling hurt by unemployment have shorter unemployment durations. Men who report a loss of SWB are also more likely to look for a job, but women's job search is not affected by the SWB loss. These findings confirm the theoretical prediction from job search theory: search effort and unemployment duration are affected by the utility differential between having a job and being unemployed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Happiness and productivity (2015)
Zitatform
Oswald, Andrew J., Eugenio Proto & Daniel Sgroi (2015): Happiness and productivity. In: Journal of Labor Economics, Jg. 33, H. 4, S. 789-822. DOI:10.1086/681096
Abstract
"Some firms say they care about the well-being and 'happiness' of their employees. But are such claims hype or scientific good sense? We provide evidence, for a classic piece rate setting, that happiness makes people more productive. In three different styles of experiment, randomly selected individuals are made happier. The treated individuals have approximately 12% greater productivity. A fourth experiment studies major real-world shocks bereavement and family illness. Lower happiness is systematically associated with lower productivity. These different forms of evidence, with complementary strengths and weaknesses, are consistent with the existence of a causal link between human well-being and human performance." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))