Springe zum Inhalt

Dossier

Niedriglohnarbeitsmarkt

Der Ausbau des Niedriglohnsektors sollte Ende der 1990er Jahre die hohe Arbeitslosigkeit reduzieren. Als Niedriglohn gilt ein Arbeitsentgelt, das trotz Vollzeitbeschäftigung keine angemessene Existenzsicherung gewährleistet – die OECD definiert den ihn als einen Bruttolohn, der unterhalb von zwei Dritteln des nationalen Medianbruttolohns aller Vollzeitbeschäftigten liegt. Betroffen von Niedriglöhnen sind überdurchschnittlich häufig Personen ohne beruflichen Abschluss, jüngere Erwerbstätige und Frauen.
Bietet der Niedriglohnsektor eine Chance zum Einstieg in den Arbeitsmarkt oder ist er eine Sackgasse? Das IAB-Themendossier erschließt Informationen zum Forschungsstand.

Zurück zur Übersicht
Ergebnisse pro Seite: 20 | 50 | 100
im Aspekt "Lateinamerika"
  • Literaturhinweis

    Social upgrading in globalized production: the case of the textile and clothing industry (2015)

    Gimet, Céline; Guilhon, Bernard; Roux, Nathalie;

    Zitatform

    Gimet, Céline, Bernard Guilhon & Nathalie Roux (2015): Social upgrading in globalized production. The case of the textile and clothing industry. In: International Labour Review, Jg. 154, H. 3, S. 303-327. DOI:10.1111/j.1564-913X.2015.00244.x

    Abstract

    "Vertical specialization generated by the international fragmentation of production within global networks is driven not only by comparative advantage, but also by the locational decisions of lead firms which determine the role and bargaining power of local producers in their value chain. This study examines the consequences of such specialization in textiles and clothing for 26 labour-abundant countries from 1990 to 2007. Fixed effects regressions based on panel data reveal that the industry does not always reap the benefits of the resulting international trade integration. Rather, the authors observe a negative relationship between vertical specialization and relative real wages in the textile and clothing industry." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

    mehr Informationen
    weniger Informationen
  • Literaturhinweis

    Low-paid employment in Brazil (2012)

    Fontes, Adriana; Berg, Janine ; Pero, Valéria;

    Zitatform

    Fontes, Adriana, Valéria Pero & Janine Berg (2012): Low-paid employment in Brazil. In: International Labour Review, Jg. 151, H. 3, S. 193-219. DOI:10.1111/j.1564-913X.2012.00145.x

    Abstract

    "While low pay is prevalent in developing countries, the issue has not been studied in depth. To help fill this gap, the authors use panel data on six Brazilian metropolitan areas for the years 2002 - 09 to investigate the incidence, permanence and profile of low-paid employment. Over the period, low-paid work declined from 24.4 to 21.5 per cent of total wage employment. As in high-income countries, the probability of being low-paid was greater for women, non-whites, younger workers and those with fewer years of education. A mobility analysis shows that job experience improved labour market prospects, even for low-paid wage earners." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

    mehr Informationen
    weniger Informationen
  • Literaturhinweis

    Minimum wages and employment: a review of evidence from the new minimum wage research (2007)

    Neumark, David ; Wascher, William;

    Zitatform

    Neumark, David & William Wascher (2007): Minimum wages and employment. A review of evidence from the new minimum wage research. (IZA discussion paper 2570), Bonn, 156 S.

    Abstract

    "We review the burgeoning literature on the employment effects of minimum wages - in the United States and other countries - that was spurred by the 'new minimum wage research' beginning in the early 1990's. The wide range of existing estimates makes it difficult for us to draw broad generalizations about the implications of the new minimum wage research. Clearly, no consensus now exists about the overall effects on low-skilled employment of an increase in the minimum wage. However, the oft-stated assertion that this recent research fails to support the traditional view that the minimum wage reduces the employment of low-skilled workers is clearly incorrect. The overwhelming majority of the studies surveyed in this paper give a relatively consistent (although not always statistically significant) indication of negative employment effects of minimum wages. In addition, among the papers we view as providing the most credible evidence, almost all point to negative employment effects. Moreover, the evidence tends to point to disemployment effects of minimum wages in the United States as well as many other countries. Two potentially more important conclusions emerge from our review. First, we see very few - if any - cases where a study provides convincing evidence of positive employment effects of minimum wages, especially from studies that focus on broader groups (rather than a narrow industry) for which the competitive model predicts disemployment effects. Second, when researchers focus on the least-skilled groups most likely to be adversely affected by minimum wages, we regard the evidence as relatively overwhelming that there are stronger disemployment effects for these groups." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

    mehr Informationen
    weniger Informationen

Aspekt auswählen:

Aspekt zurücksetzen