Mindestlohn
Seit Inkrafttreten des Mindestlohngesetzes am 1. Januar 2015 gilt ein allgemeingültiger flächendeckender Mindestlohn in Deutschland. Lohnuntergrenzen gibt es in beinahe allen europäischen Staaten und den USA. Die Mindestlohn-Gesetze haben das Ziel, Lohn-Dumping, also die nicht verhältnismäßige Bezahlung von Arbeitnehmerinnen und Arbeitnehmern, zu verhindern.
Dieses Themendossier dokumentiert die Diskussion rund um die Einführung des flächendeckenden Mindestlohns in Deutschland und die Ergebnisse empirischer Forschung der zu flächendeckenden und branchenspezifischen Mindestlöhnen. Mit dem Filter „Autorenschaft“ können Sie auf IAB-(Mit-)Autorenschaft eingrenzen.
- Grundsätzliches zum flächendeckenden Mindestlohn
- Auswirkungen des flächendeckenden Mindestlohns auf
- Auswirkungen des flächendeckenden Mindestlohns auf Personengruppen
- Ausnahmen vom flächendeckenden Mindestlohn u.a. für
- Ausweichreaktionen auf Mindestlöhne in Deutschland
- Bundesländer
- Branchenspezifische Mindestlöhne und deren Auswirkungen auf
- Mindestlohn in anderen Ländern
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Literaturhinweis
Minimum Wages, Efficiency, and Welfare (2025)
Zitatform
Berger, David, Kyle Herkenhoff & Simon Mongey (2025): Minimum Wages, Efficiency, and Welfare. In: Econometrica, Jg. 93, H. 1, S. 265-301. DOI:10.3982/ecta21466
Abstract
"Many argue that minimum wages can prevent efficiency losses from monopsony power. We assess this argument in a general equilibrium model of oligopsonistic labor markets with heterogeneous workers and firms. We decompose welfare gains into an efficiency component that captures reductions in monopsony power and a redistributive component that captures the way minimum wages shift resources across people. The minimum wage that maximizes the efficiency component of welfare lies below $8.00 and yields gains worth less than 0.2% of lifetime consumption. When we add back in Utilitarian redistributive motives, the optimal minimum wage is $11 and redistribution accounts for 102.5% of the resulting welfare gains, implying offsetting efficiency losses of −2.5%. The reason a minimum wage struggles to deliver efficiency gains is that with realistic firm productivity dispersion, a minimum wage that eliminates monopsony power at one firm causes severe rationing at another. These results hold under an EITC and progressive labor income taxes calibrated to the U.S. economy." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Minimum wage and employment in the U.S.: an application of Bayesian quantile kink regression (2025)
Zitatform
Chan, Marc K. & Akbar Zamanzadeh (2025): Minimum wage and employment in the U.S.: an application of Bayesian quantile kink regression. In: Econometric Reviews, Jg. 44, H. 6, S. 673-695. DOI:10.1080/07474938.2025.2451339
Abstract
"We examine whether the employment effects of minimum wage depend on unknown tipping points in the labor market. We apply a continuous threshold regression model—regression kink with unknown thresholds—to U.S. state-level panel data in 1993–2016 to estimate the tipping point and quantile employment effects. Overall, we find that the marginal effect is near-zero or mildly negative below the tipping point, and it is considerably more negative above it. The tipping occurs at 50–55% of the state’s median wage among women and 40–45% among men. Simulations of minimum wage reforms reveal nonlinear and asymmetric employment effects." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Divergent Paths: Differential Impacts of Minimum Wage Increases on Individuals with Disabilities (2025)
Zitatform
Clemens, Jeffrey, Melissa D. Gentry & Jonathan Meer (2025): Divergent Paths: Differential Impacts of Minimum Wage Increases on Individuals with Disabilities. (NBER working paper / National Bureau of Economic Research 33437), Cambridge, Mass, 39 S.
Abstract
"We analyze the differential effects of minimum wage increases on individuals with disabilities using data from the American Community Survey and leveraging state-level minimum wage variation during the 2010s. We find that large minimum wage increases significantly reduce employment and labor force participation for individuals of all working ages with severe disabilities. These declines are accompanied by a downward shift in the wage distribution and an increase in public assistance receipt. By contrast, we find no employment effects for all but young individuals with either non-severe disabilities or no disabilities. Our findings highlight important heterogeneities in minimum wage impacts, raising concerns about labor market policies' unintended consequences for populations on the margins of the labor force." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Do minimum wage increases induce changes in work behavior for people with disabilities? Evidence from the AbilityOne program (2025)
Zitatform
Kim, Jiyoon, Michael Levere & Ellen Magenheim (2025): Do minimum wage increases induce changes in work behavior for people with disabilities? Evidence from the AbilityOne program. In: Labour Economics, Jg. 92. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2024.102663
Abstract
"We provide the first evidence on the effects of minimum wage increases on labor market outcomes for people with disabilities. We use a novel dataset consisting of quarterly data on employment, earnings, and hours for workers at nonprofit firms that participate in the federal AbilityOne program. The nonprofits in this program are offered advantages in government contracting, though must primarily employ workers with disabilities. Using recent local variation in minimum wage changes, we find that increasing the minimum wage does not affect employment outcomes for workers with disabilities in this specific context, with precisely estimated null effects. However, these nonprofits respond along non-employment related margins after relatively large minimum wage increases." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Minimum Wage Laws and Job Search (2025)
Zitatform
Melo, Vitor C., Christopher Kaiser, David Neumark, Liya Palagashvili & Michael D. Farren (2025): Minimum Wage Laws and Job Search. (NBER working paper / National Bureau of Economic Research 33433), Cambridge, Mass, 37 S.
Abstract
"A large theoretical literature on job search predicts that a higher minimum wage will increase the number of job seekers for affected jobs, which can lead to more job creation and higher employment. This paper uses novel data on job search in all U.S. states to examine the effect of minimum wage increases on the number of job seekers for low-skilled positions. We find no evidence that higher minimum wages increase job search for low-skilled jobs. Instead, the evidence suggests that higher minimum wages decrease the number of workers seeking employment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Employment effects of minimum wage indexing: Establishment evidence from Oregon restaurants (2025)
Zitatform
Miller, Stephen, Gary A. Wagner & Alicia Plemmons (2025): Employment effects of minimum wage indexing: Establishment evidence from Oregon restaurants. In: Economic Inquiry, S. 1-34. DOI:10.1111/ecin.13284
Abstract
"Though 18 states will index their minimum wage to the Consumer Price Index by 2025, few studies have examined indexing's differential employment effects. Leveraging a period of stability in minimum wages (2000–2007) and two distinct national geocoded databases of establishments, we explore how indexing affected employment in Oregon restaurants, one of the earliest indexing states (2003). Nearest-neighbor matching is used as a preprocessing step before regression, pairing individual restaurants in Oregon to restaurants with similar characteristics in states where the minimum wage was unchanged. We find evidence that establishment employment falls 3.6% after indexing, implying an employment elasticity of −0.18." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Minimum Wage Effects and Monopsony Explanations (2025)
Zitatform
Wiltshire, Justin, Carl McPherson, Michael Reich & Denis Sosinskiy (2025): Minimum Wage Effects and Monopsony Explanations. In: Journal of labor economics, S. 1-46. DOI:10.1086/735551
Abstract
"We present the first causal analysis of a seven-year run-up of minimum wages to $15. Using a novel stacked county-level synthetic control estimator and data on fast-food restaurants, we find substantial pay growth and no disemployment. Our results hold among lower-wage counties and counties without local minimum wages. Minimum wage increases reduce Separation rates and raise wages faster than prices at McDonald’s stores; both findings imply a monopsonistic labor market with declining rents. In the tight post-pandemic labor market, when laborsupply becomes more elastic, we find positive employment effects. These become larger and statistically significant after addressing pandemic-response confounds." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Minimum Wage Employment Effects and Labor Market Concentration (2024)
Zitatform
Azar, José, Emiliano Huet-Vaughn, Ioana Marinescu, Bledi Taska & Till von Wachter (2024): Minimum Wage Employment Effects and Labor Market Concentration. In: The Review of Economic Studies, Jg. 91, H. 4, S. 1843-1883. DOI:10.1093/restud/rdad091
Abstract
"This paper shows that more highly concentrated labor markets experience more positive employment effects of the minimum wage. In the most concentrated labor markets, employment rises following a minimum wage increase. The paper establishes its main findings by studying the effects of local minimum wage increases on a key low-wage retail sector, and using data on labor market concentration that covers the entirety of the U.S. with fine spatial variation at the occupation level. The results carry over to the fast-food sector and the entire low-wage labor market and are robust to using proxies of labour market concentration available for a broader range of industries, such as the number of establishments and population density. A model of oligopsonistic competition can explain these effects: there is more room to increase wages in high-concentration areas where wages tend to be further below marginal productivity. These findings provide evidence supporting monopsonistic wage setting as an explanation for the near-zero minimum wage employment effect documented in prior work." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Federal minimum wage expansion to homecare workers: Employment and income effects (2024)
Dao, Ngoc;Zitatform
Dao, Ngoc (2024): Federal minimum wage expansion to homecare workers: Employment and income effects. In: Labour Economics, Jg. 87. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2024.102511
Abstract
"The rapid growth of the home care industry coincides with increases in the proportion of the population over 65 years of age and more likely to need assistance with basic daily activities due to illness or disability. Yet, the growth in home care use has been accompanied by concerns about the quality of the care provided. Higher wages and better legal protection might improve the quality of home health care services. This study examines the 2013 Home Care Rule promulgated by the Department of Labor, which added home care workers to the groups covered under the federal minimum wage with minimum hourly and overtime rates. The results show large effects (7–9 %) on part-time employment increase, small effects on work hour reduction (by 2–4 %), and nonnegative effect on overall employment level following the expansion. Despite the decline in hours worked, there is no negative impact on earnings among homecare workers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Voluntary Minimum Wages (2024)
Zitatform
Derenoncourt, Ellora & David Weil (2024): Voluntary Minimum Wages. (NBER working paper / National Bureau of Economic Research 32546), Cambridge, Mass, 90 S.
Abstract
"Recent wage growth at the bottom of the earnings distribution in the U.S. has reversed a decades-long trend of widening wage inequality. Numerous state and local minimum wage increases have overtaken an effectively non-binding federal minimum, and robust labor demand in the post-pandemic recovery drove wage growth in the low-wage sector. An increasingly pervasive phenomenon over this same period (2014-2023) is the use of company-wide, voluntary minimum wages (VMWs) by private employers, including some of the largest U.S. retailers. We use anonymized payroll data for thousands of firms collected by a major credit bureau to study the effects of these policies on large retailers' own wages and employment, as well as spillover effects onto other employers in shared labor markets, variously defined. Using stacked event studies centered around multiple VMW events and a continuous treatment variable defined as the gap between local area wages and the company minimum, we find that VMWs result in sizable wage increases and reductions in turnover at the companies that implemented them. Turning to wages at other companies, including those connected to the large retailer by worker flows, we estimate precise, economically negligible spillover effects. Despite the decline in separations from companies with voluntary minimums, overall hiring rates at connected employers do not decline, consistent with substitutability across new hires. Although voluntary minimum wage policies have affected over 3 million jobs among the largest retailers, their impact on the broader labor market is limited." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Own-Wage Elasticity: Quantifying the Impact of Minimum Wages on Employment (2024)
Dube, Arindrajit; Zipperer, Ben;Zitatform
Dube, Arindrajit & Ben Zipperer (2024): Own-Wage Elasticity: Quantifying the Impact of Minimum Wages on Employment. (NBER working paper / National Bureau of Economic Research 32925), Cambridge, Mass, 61 S.
Abstract
"The own-wage elasticity (OWE) of employment estimated using minimum wage increases provides an economically meaningful measure of the policy on jobs. We discuss how to interpret the magnitude of the OWE, including in terms of welfare and under alternative models of the labor market. We present a comprehensive set of OWE estimates from 88 studies and introduce an regularly updated repository of the estimates---https://economic.github.io/owe---an up-to-date snapshot of the existing literature for scholars and policymakers. We find that most studies to date suggest a fairly modest impact of minimum wages on jobs: the median OWE estimate of 72 studies published in academic journals is -0.13, which suggests that only around 13 percent of the potential earnings gains from minimum wage increases are offset due to associated job losses. Estimates published since 2010 tend to be closer to zero." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Parental Labor Supply: Evidence from Minimum Wage Changes (2024)
Zitatform
Godøy, Anna, Michael Reich, Jesse Wursten & Sylvia Allegretto (2024): Parental Labor Supply. Evidence from Minimum Wage Changes. In: The Journal of Human Resources, Jg. 59, H. 2, S. 416-442. DOI:10.3368/jhr.1119-10540r2
Abstract
"We analyze effects of the minimum wage on the labor supply of parents of young children. Distributional difference-in-differences and event-study models document a sharp rise in employment rates of single mothers with children ages zero to five following minimum wage increases. Effects are concentrated among jobs paying close to the minimum wage. We find corresponding drops in the probability of staying out of the labor force to care for family members. Results are consistent with simple labor supply models in which childcare costs create barriers to employment. Minimum wage increases then enable greater labor force participation and reduce child poverty." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Local minimum wage laws, boundary discontinuity methods, and policy spillovers (2024)
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Jardim, Ekaterina, Mark C. Long, Robert Plotnick, Jacob Vigdor & Emma Wiles (2024): Local minimum wage laws, boundary discontinuity methods, and policy spillovers. In: Journal of Public Economics, Jg. 234. DOI:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2024.105131
Abstract
"We use geographically precise longitudinal employment data documenting worker job-to-job mobility to study policy spillovers in the context of three local minimum wage increases. Estimated spillover impacts on wages and hours are statistically significant, geographically diffuse, and sufficient to create concern regarding interpretation of results even using not-immediately-adjacent regions as controls. Spillover effects appear less concerning with smaller interventions or those adopted in smaller jurisdictions. The boundary discontinuity method of causal inference may yield misleading results if a policy’s impacts do not stop at the border of the implementing jurisdiction." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The effects of minimum wages on youth employment, unemployment, and income: Minimum wages reduce entry-level jobs, training, and lifetime income (2024)
Zitatform
Kalenkoski, Charlene Marie (2024): The effects of minimum wages on youth employment, unemployment, and income. Minimum wages reduce entry-level jobs, training, and lifetime income. (IZA world of labor 243,2), Bonn, 10 S. DOI:10.15185/izawol.243.v2
Abstract
"Empirische Studien belegen, dass Mindestlöhne die Beschäftigungschancen für junge Geringqualifizierte reduzieren. Zwar profitieren diejenigen, die einen Job finden, von höheren Einstiegslöhnen. Für arbeitslose Jugendliche wird der Arbeitsmarkteinstieg dagegen schwerer, was zu langfristigen Einkommenseinbußen führt. Das Lebenseinkommen sinkt zusätzlich aufgrund mangelnder betrieblicher Qualifizierungsangebote. Auszubildende sollten daher vom Mindestlohn ausgenommen sein. Durch staatliche Unterstützung in Form von Geld- oder Sachleistungen ließe sich ungelernten Jugendlichen effektiver helfen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Income assistance programs and population health – The dual impact of minimum wages and the earned income tax credit (2024)
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Lenhart, Otto & Kalyan Chakraborty (2024): Income assistance programs and population health – The dual impact of minimum wages and the earned income tax credit. In: Economics Letters, Jg. 234. DOI:10.1016/j.econlet.2023.111508
Abstract
"In this study, we provide new evidence on the interaction of state-level minimum wages and Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) laws on several measures of population health. Using data from the National Vital Statistics Reports between 1999 and 2018, we estimate difference-in-differences models to evaluate the dual impact of minimum wages and the EITC on various causes of mortality, such as suicides, motor accidents and assaults. While several researchers have examined the health effects of both these policies separately, few studies have examined the potential interaction effects of these policies. Specifically, while previous work has provided evidence that both minimum wages and the EITC can reduce suicide rates, our study contributes to the literature by showing that the policies have a positive dual impact on population health. We find that a $1 increase in minimum wages reduces death rates due to suicides and assaults by 3.8 percent and 15.2 percent in states with EITC laws, respectively. In contrast, we show that minimum wages do not impact these outcomes in states without state-level EITC laws." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The minimum wage and cross-community crime disparities (2024)
Zitatform
Li, Li & Haoming Liu (2024): The minimum wage and cross-community crime disparities. In: Journal of Population Economics, Jg. 37. DOI:10.1007/s00148-024-01023-w
Abstract
"This study examines the heterogeneous impacts of minimum wages, which could affect low-income workers' earnings and employment opportunities, on crime rates across neighboring communities. Using geo-tagged reported crime incident data from 18 major U.S. cities, we find that minimum wage increases reduce violent crime rates notably more in low-income communities than in high-income ones. On average, a one-dollar real minimum wage increase narrows the disparity in quarterly violent crime rates between low- and high-income communities by 12%. The impact varies considerably across different types of cities. The income effect resulting from raising the minimum wage is the main contributing factor." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Unintended workplace safety consequences of minimum wages (2024)
Zitatform
Liu, Qing, Ruosi Lu, Stephen Teng Sun & Meng Zhang (2024): Unintended workplace safety consequences of minimum wages. In: Journal of Public Economics, Jg. 239. DOI:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2024.105247
Abstract
"We investigate the unintended impact of minimum wage increases on workplace safety. Using establishment-level data from the United States and a cohort-based stacked difference-in-differences design, we find that large increases in minimum wages have significant adverse effects on workplace safety. Our findings indicate that, on average, a large minimum wage increase results in a 4.6 percent increase in the total case rate. Event study estimates show that this adverse effect persists in the medium run. Furthermore, we find a more salient effect for firms more likely to be financially constrained or subject to a higher labor market rigidity in firing workers. We provide suggestive evidence that small minimum wage increases might reduce injury rates, highlighting the potential heterogeneity in the impact of minimum wage changes. We do not find evidence that capital-labor substitution could be behind the findings." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Economics of Gender-Specific Minimum Wage Legislation (2024)
Marchingiglio, Riccardo; Poyker, Mikhail;Zitatform
Marchingiglio, Riccardo & Mikhail Poyker (2024): The Economics of Gender-Specific Minimum Wage Legislation. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 17016), Bonn, 79 S.
Abstract
"Using full count U.S. census data, we study the impact of early 20th-century state-industry-specific minimum wage laws that primarily targeted female employees. Our triple-difference estimates suggest a null impact of the minimum wage laws, potentially reflecting disemployment effects and the positive selection bias of the workers remaining in the labor force. When comparing county-industry trends between counties straddling state borders, female employment is lower by around 3.1% in affected county-industry cells. We further investigate the implications for own-wage elasticity of labor demand as a function of cross-industry concentration, the channels of substitution between men and women, and heterogeneity by marital status." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Economics of Gender-Specific Minimum Wage Legislation (2024)
Zitatform
Marchingiglio, Riccardo & Michael Poyker (2024): The Economics of Gender-Specific Minimum Wage Legislation. In: Journal of labor economics. DOI:10.1086/733493
Abstract
"Using full count U.S. census data, we study the impact of early 20th-century state-industry-specific minimum wage laws that primarily targeted female employees. Our triple-difference estimates suggest a null impact of the minimum wage laws, potentially reflecting disemployment effects and the positive selection bias of the workers remaining in the labor force. When comparing county-industry Trends between counties straddling state borders, female employment is lower by around 3.1% in affected county-industry cells. We further investigate the implications for own-wage elasticity of labor demand as afunction of cross-industry concentration, the channels of substitution between men and women, and heterogeneity by marital status." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The effects of minimum wages on (almost) everything? A review of recent evidence on health and related behaviors (2024)
Zitatform
Neumark, David (2024): The effects of minimum wages on (almost) everything? A review of recent evidence on health and related behaviors. In: Labour, Jg. 38, H. 1, S. 1-65. DOI:10.1111/labr.12263
Abstract
"I review and assess the evidence on minimum wage effects on health outcomes and health‐related behaviors. The evidence on physical health points in conflicting directions, leaning toward adverse effects. Research on effects on diet and obesity sometimes points to beneficial effects, whereas other evidence indicates that higher minimum wages increase smoking and drinking and reduce exercise (and possibly hygiene). In contrast, there is evidence that higher minimum wages reduce suicides, partly consistent with the evidence of positive or mixed effects on other measures of mental health/depression. Overall, policy conclusions that minimum wages improve health are unwarranted or at least premature." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Do Higher Tipped Minimum Wages Reduce Race, Ethnic, or Gender Earnings Gaps for Restaurant Workers? (2024)
Zitatform
Neumark, David & Emma Wohl (2024): Do Higher Tipped Minimum Wages Reduce Race, Ethnic, or Gender Earnings Gaps for Restaurant Workers? (NBER working paper / National Bureau of Economic Research 32964), Cambridge, Mass, 61 S.
Abstract
"One of the arguments increasingly made to support large minimum wage increases is that they decrease wage or earnings gaps for minorities or women (e.g., Derenoncourt and Montialoux, 2021). The argument is often made with particular reference to higher tipped minimum wages for restaurant workers, because of discrimination in tipping that is immune to equal pay policy requirements. Of course, even if higher tipped minimum wages reduce hourly pay differences between groups, increases in tipped minimum wages can reduce employment or hours among restaurant workers (Neumark and Yen, 2023), and these effects could differ by race and gender, so implications for hourly earnings do not necessarily extend to overall earnings. We estimate the impact of variation in tipped minimum wages – or, equivalently, tip credits – on earnings of restaurant workers (which ignores employment variation but incorporates hours variation). We find that tipped minimum wages raise hourly earnings of women, but not of Blacks or Hispanics. But tipped minimum wages generally do not raise weekly earnings for these groups (because of hours declines for women). In contrast, regular minimum wages boost hourly and weekly earnings of all three groups of restaurant workers, with the effects arising from non-tipped workers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Minimum Wages and the Uptake of Supplemental Security Income (2024)
Zitatform
Regmi, Krishna (2024): Minimum Wages and the Uptake of Supplemental Security Income. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 17074), Bonn, 60 S.
Abstract
"This study investigates whether the minimum wage affects the uptake of Supplemental Security Income (SSI). To disentangle the effect of the minimum wage from underlying macroeconomic conditions, I use a triple-differences-type model that exploits cross-state and temporal differences in the minimum wage and its differential effects on those individuals with and without a high school diploma. The results show that a one percent increase in the minimum wage leads to a 0.33 percent decline in SSI uptake. To substantiate the findings, this study employs an alternative approach, leveraging the discontinuity in minimum wage legislation at state borders by comparing SSI uptake within the contiguous state-border counties. Using this approach yields qualitatively similar findings, corroborating the baseline estimates." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Incentives to Comply with the Minimum Wage in the US and UK (2024)
Zitatform
Stansbury, Anna (2024): Incentives to Comply with the Minimum Wage in the US and UK. (SocArXiv papers), 24 S. DOI:10.31235/osf.io/7kxdw
Abstract
"There is substantial evidence of minimum wage noncompliance in the US and the UK. In this paper, I compile new, comprehensive data on the costs minimum wage violators incur when detected. In both countries, the costs violators face upon detection are often little more than the money they saved by underpaying. To have an incentive to comply under existing penalty regimes, typical US firms would thus have to expect a 47%-83% probability of detection by the DOL, or a 25% probability of a successful FLSA suit. In the UK, typical firms would have to expect a 44%-56% probability of detection. Actual probabilities of detection are substantially lower than this for many firms, and would likely remain so even with realistic increases in enforcement capacity. Improved enforcement alone is thus insufficient: expected penalties must also substantially increase to ensure that most firms have an incentive to comply. (Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality Working Paper)" (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Minimum Wages and Racial Discrimination in Hiring: Evidence from a Field Experiment (2023)
Zitatform
Brandon, Alec, Justin E. Holz, Andrew Simon & Haruka Uchida (2023): Minimum Wages and Racial Discrimination in Hiring: Evidence from a Field Experiment. (Upjohn Institute working paper 389), Kalamazoo, Mich., 90 S. DOI:10.17848/wp23-389
Abstract
"When minimum wages increase, employers may respond to the regulatory burdens by substituting away from disadvantaged workers. We test this hypothesis using a correspondence study with 35,000 applications around ex-ante uncertain minimum wage increases in three U.S. states. Before the increases, applicants with distinctively Black names were 19 percent less likely to receive a callback than equivalent applicants with distinctively white names. Announcements of minimum wage hikes substantially reduce callbacks for all applicants but shrink the racial callback gap by 80 percent. Racial inequality decreases because firms disproportionately reduce callbacks to lower-quality white applicants who benefited from discrimination under lower minimum wages." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Minimum Wages and Poverty: New Evidence from Dynamic Difference-in-Differences Estimates (2023)
Zitatform
Burkhauser, Richard V., Drew McNichols & Joseph J. Sabia (2023): Minimum Wages and Poverty: New Evidence from Dynamic Difference-in-Differences Estimates. (NBER working paper / National Bureau of Economic Research 31182), Cambridge, Mass, 97 S.
Abstract
"Advocates of minimum wage increases have long touted their potential to reduce poverty. This study assesses this claim. Using data spanning nearly four decades from the March Current Population Survey, and a dynamic difference-in-differences approach, we find that a 10 percent increase in the minimum wage is associated with a (statistically insignificant) 0.17 percent increase in the probability of longer-run poverty among all persons. With 95% confidence, we can rule out long-run poverty elasticities with respect to the minimum wage of less than -0.129, which includes central poverty elasticities reported by Dube (2019). Prior evidence suggesting large poverty-reducing effects of the minimum wage are (i) highly sensitive to researcher’s choice of macroeconomic controls, and (ii) driven by specifications that limit counterfactuals to geographically proximate states (“close controls”), which poorly match treatment states’ pre-treatment poverty trends. Moreover, an examination of the post-Great Recession era — which saw frequent, large increases in state minimum wages — failed to uncover poverty-reducing effects of the minimum wage across a wide set of specifications. Finally, we find that less than 10 percent of workers who would be affected by a newly proposed $15 federal minimum wage live in poor families." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Does Wage Theft Vary by Demographic Group? Evidence from Minimum Wage Increases (2023)
Zitatform
Clemens, Jeffrey & Michael R. Strain (2023): Does Wage Theft Vary by Demographic Group? Evidence from Minimum Wage Increases. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 16550), Bonn, 30 S.
Abstract
"Using Current Population Survey data, we assess whether and to what extent the burden of "wage theft" - wage payments below the statutory minimum wage - falls disproportionately on various demographic groups following minimum wage increases. For most racial and ethnic groups at most ages we find that underpayment rises similarly as a fraction of realized wage gains in the wake of minimum wage increases. We also present evidence that the burden of underpayment falls disproportionately on relatively young African American workers and that underpayment increases more for Hispanic workers among the full working-age population." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Effect of Minimum Wage Policies on the Wage and Occupational Structure of Establishments (2023)
Zitatform
Forsythe, Eliza (2023): The Effect of Minimum Wage Policies on the Wage and Occupational Structure of Establishments. In: Journal of labor economics, Jg. 41, H. S1, S. S291-S324. DOI:10.1086/726820
Abstract
"Using establishment-level panel data from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics program, I estimate the effect of minimum wage increases implemented by 10 states in 2014 and 2015. I show that minimum wage increases lead to wage spillovers within establishments. I find little evidence that minimum wage increases induce establishments to reorganize their occupational mix. Finally, I find that minimum wage increases propagate up the management hierarchy, leading to increased wages for supervisors. Nonetheless, I find overall wage inequality decreases within establishments after minimum wage increases." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
To Redistribute or to Predistribute? The Minimum Wage versus Income Taxation When Workers Differ in Both Wages and Working Hours (2023)
Gerritsen, Aart;Zitatform
Gerritsen, Aart (2023): To Redistribute or to Predistribute? The Minimum Wage versus Income Taxation When Workers Differ in Both Wages and Working Hours. (CESifo working paper 10734), München, 53 S.
Abstract
"I consider the case for the minimum wage alongside (optimal) income taxes when workers differ in both wages and working hours, such that a given level of income corresponds to multiple wage rates. The minimum wage is directly targeted at the lowest-wage workers, while income taxes are at most targeted at all low-income workers, regardless of their hourly wage rates. This renders the minimum wage unambiguously desirable in a discrete-type model of the labor market. Desirability of the minimum wage is a priori ambiguous in a continuous-type model of the labor market. Compared to the minimum wage, income taxes are less effective in compressing the wage distribution but more effective in redistributing income. Desirability of the minimum wage depends on this trade-off between the “predistributional advantage” of the minimum wage and the “redistributional advantage” of the income tax. I derive a desirability condition for the minimum wage and write it in terms of empirical sufficient statistics. A numerical application to the US suggests a strong case for a higher federal minimum wage – especially if social preferences for the lowest-wage workers are relatively strong and the wage elasticity of labor demand relatively small." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Minimum Wage, Self-Employment, and the Online Gig Economy (2023)
Glasner, Benjamin;Zitatform
Glasner, Benjamin (2023): The Minimum Wage, Self-Employment, and the Online Gig Economy. In: Journal of labor economics, Jg. 41, H. 1, S. 103-127. DOI:10.1086/719690
Abstract
"This paper estimates the effect of minimum wage increases on work that is not covered by minimum wage laws. I find minimum wage increases in the early 2000s resulted in small reductions in engagement in traditional self-employment. Following the development of the online gig economy in the 2010s, a 10% increase in the minimum wage increased the number of non-employer establishments classified as transportation and warehousing services by approximately 2.7%. The counties most likely to exhibit a positive relationship between the minimum wage and participation in uncovered work are those with low labor market concentration and active Uber marketplaces." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
One Hundred Years of Dynamic Minimum Wage Regulation: Lessons from Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States (2023)
Zitatform
Hamilton, Reg & Matt Nichol (2023): One Hundred Years of Dynamic Minimum Wage Regulation: Lessons from Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States. In: International Labour Review, Jg. 162, H. 3, S. 407-429. DOI:10.1111/ilr.12380
Abstract
"Since the first minimum wage legislation was introduced in Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States in the early 1900s, minimum wage regulation has attracted controversy. Opponents of minimum wage levels rely on market theory, while supporters acknowledge the role of markets in setting the price of labour but justify state intervention based on principles of equity and social good. This article examines how these two ideological positions influenced fixing what is both a crucial cost for business and underpinning of worker and family living standards, and whether effective wage fixing has resulted. Little comparative research exists on the origins, evolution and current systems of minimum wage regulation in the three countries and this article aims to address this gap in the literature." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The effects of minimum wages over the business cycle: the Great Recession (2023)
Zitatform
Hean, Oudom & Nanxin Deng (2023): The effects of minimum wages over the business cycle: the Great Recession. In: International Journal of Manpower, Jg. 44, H. 1, S. 19-36. DOI:10.1108/IJM-07-2021-0402
Abstract
"Purpose: This paper examines disemployment effects of minimum wages during the period 2002–2010. Design/methodology/approach: The authors employ the discontinuity design. Findings: The authors find that minimum wages had a significant negative impact on teen employment before the Great Recession. During the Great Recession, the disemployment effects of minimum wages were insignificant. The finding is consistent with the evolution of firms' market power during the business cycle. Originality/value: The authors attempt to reconcile the debate about the effects of minimum wages on US employment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Emerald Group) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Asymmetric Effect of Wage Floors: A Natural Experiment with a Rising and Falling Minimum Wage (2023)
Huet-Vaughn, Emiliano; Piqueras, Jon;Zitatform
Huet-Vaughn, Emiliano & Jon Piqueras (2023): The Asymmetric Effect of Wage Floors: A Natural Experiment with a Rising and Falling Minimum Wage. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 16684), Bonn, 14 S.
Abstract
"Exploiting a unique natural experiment,we Show the asymmetric effects of a large increase and an equivalent subsequent decrease to a binding minimum wage. Wages in a leading low-wage industry increase as the Minimum wage rises, but do not fall when it is lowered. This boost for low-wage workers' earnings is apparently permanent five years after the policy is revoked, providing novel evidence of hysteresis in wage setting from temporary labor policy. In the first year post repeal this is consistent with downward nominal wage rigidity. But, the elevated earnings persist even in high inflation times, contrary to the prediction from existing work that real wage reductions under high inflation should erode the nominal wage gap relative to unaffected firms. Our findings thus challenge the conventional view that inflation "greases the wheels" of the labor market in the face of downward nominal wage rigidity, and, demonstrate the value of even transitory labor market policy in achieving permanent gains for workers (play it while you got it)." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Effects of the Minimum Wage on the Nonprofit Sector (2023)
Zitatform
Meer, Jonathan & Hedieh Tajali (2023): Effects of the Minimum Wage on the Nonprofit Sector. (NBER working paper / National Bureau of Economic Research 31281), Cambridge, Mass, 37 S.
Abstract
"The nonprofit sector's ability to absorb increases in labor costs differs from the private sector in a number of ways. We analyze how nonprofits are affected by changes in the minimum wage utilizing data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Internal Revenue Service, linked to state minimum wages. We examine changes in reported employment and volunteering, as well as other financial statements such as revenues and expenses. The results from both datasets show a negative impact on employment for states with large statutory minimum wage increases. We observe some evidence for a reduction in the number of nonprofit establishments, fundraising expenses, and revenues from contributions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Effects of Minimum Wages on (Almost) Everything? A Review of Recent Evidence on Health and Related Behaviors (2023)
Zitatform
Neumark, David (2023): The Effects of Minimum Wages on (Almost) Everything? A Review of Recent Evidence on Health and Related Behaviors. (NBER working paper / National Bureau of Economic Research 31191), Cambridge, Mass, 57 S.
Abstract
"The effects of minimum wages on employment, wages, earnings, and incomes, have been studied and debated for decades. In recent years, however, researchers have turned to the effects on a multitude of other behaviors and outcomes – largely related to health. I review and assess the large and growing body of evidence on minimum wage effects on a wide variety of health outcomes and health-related behaviors. The evidence on overall physical health is mixed. The findings on diet and obesity either point to beneficial or null effects, but not negative effects, while other evidence indicates that higher minimum wages increase smoking and reduce exercise. The evidence for mental health is ambiguous, with somewhat more studies finding no impact than finding a positive impact (but none finding a negative impact). And the evidence for suicide points clearly to beneficial effects of higher minimum wages. Studies on family structure and children point in different directions, with evidence that mothers spend more time with children, no clear indication of changes in treatment of children, but declines in children's test scores. The evidence generally points to minimum wages increasing risky behavior (drinking and smoking). Evidence on the effects of minimum wages on crime is mixed. The best evidence on employer-provided health insurance is more adverse, although Medicaid expansions under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) may have mitigated this influence, and there is not clear evidence of greater unmet medical needs. Other evidence suggests that higher minimum wages may affect health adversely via different channels." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Heterogeneous Impact of the Minimum Wage: Implications for Changes in Between- and Within-group Inequality (2023)
Zitatform
Oka, Tatsushi & Ken Yamada (2023): Heterogeneous Impact of the Minimum Wage: Implications for Changes in Between- and Within-group Inequality. In: The Journal of Human Resources, Jg. 58, H. 1, S. 335-362. DOI:10.3368/jhr.58.3.0719-10339R1
Abstract
"Most of the workers who earn at or below the minimum wage are either less educated, young, or female in the United States. We examine the extent to which the minimum wage influences the wage differential among workers with different observed characteristics and the wage differential among workers with the same observed characteristics. Our results suggest that changes in the real value of the minimum wage account in part for the patterns of changes in education, experience, and gender wage differentials and for most of the changes in within-group wage differentials for workers with lower levels of experience." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Minimum Wage Effects Within Census Based Statistical Areas: A Matched Pair Cross-Border Analysis (2023)
Zitatform
Taylor, Garrett C. & James E. West (2023): Minimum Wage Effects Within Census Based Statistical Areas: A Matched Pair Cross-Border Analysis. (NBER working paper / National Bureau of Economic Research 31196), Cambridge, Mass, 14 S.
Abstract
"Using monthly data from major U.S. metropolitan areas that span state borders, we estimate the elasticity of employment with respect to the minimum wage using a difference-in-differences design with continuous treatment in two-digit industries of 71 (Arts, Entertainment and Recreation) and 72 (Accommodation and Food Services). In specifications that control for differences in state sales, personal and corporate income tax rates, we find negative average causal response on the treated (ACRT) in six-digit industries where we expect large numbers of young, entry-level employees, but positive correlations in other industries. Our results illustrate important heterogeneities in minimum wage effects in urban versus rural areas." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Minimum wage effects within Census Based Statistical Areas: A matched pair cross-border analysis (2023)
Zitatform
Taylor, Garrett C. & James E. West (2023): Minimum wage effects within Census Based Statistical Areas: A matched pair cross-border analysis. In: Economics Letters, Jg. 229. DOI:10.1016/j.econlet.2023.111220
Abstract
"Using monthly data from major U.S. metropolitan areas that span state borders, we estimate the elasticity of employment with respect to the minimum wage using a difference-in-differences design with continuous treatment in two-digit industries of 71 (Arts, Entertainment and Recreation) and 72 (Accommodation and Food Services). In specifications that control for differences in state sales, personal and corporate income tax rates, we find a negative average causal response on the treated (ACRT) in six-digit industries where we expect large numbers of young, entry-level employees but positive correlations in other industries. Our results illustrate important heterogeneities in minimum wage effects in urban versus rural areas." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2023 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Racial inequality in frictional labor markets: Evidence from minimum wages (2023)
Zitatform
Wursten, Jesse & Michael Reich (2023): Racial inequality in frictional labor markets: Evidence from minimum wages. In: Labour Economics, Jg. 82. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2023.102344
Abstract
"We provide the first causal analysis of how state and federal minimum wage policies in the U.S. have affected labor market frictions and racial wage gaps. Using stacked event studies, binned difference-in-differences estimators, within-person analyses and classic panel methods, we find that minimum wages increased wages of black workers between 16 and 64% more than among white workers and reduced the overall black-white wage gap by 10% (and by 56% among workers most affected by the policies). Racial differences in initial wages cannot explain this differential effect. Rather, minimum wages expand job opportunities for black workers more than for white workers. We present a model with labor market frictions in which minimum wages expand the job search radius of workers who do not own automobiles and who live farther from jobs. Our causal results using the ACS show that minimum wages increase commuting via automobile among black workers but not among white workers, supporting our model. Minimum wages also reduce racial gaps in separations and hires, further suggesting the policies especially enhance job opportunities for black workers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2023 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The minimum wage and search effort (2022)
Zitatform
Adams, Camilla, Jonathan Meer & CarlyWill Sloan (2022): The minimum wage and search effort. In: Economics Letters, Jg. 212. DOI:10.1016/j.econlet.2022.110288
Abstract
"Labor market search-and-matching models posit supply-side responses to minimum wage increases that may lead to improved matches and lessen or even reverse negative employment effects. Using event study analysis of recent minimum wage increases, we find that these changes do not affect the likelihood of searching, but do lead to transitory spikes in search effort by individuals already looking for work. These results are not driven by changes in the composition of searchers, and are concentrated among the groups most likely to be impacted by the minimum wage and in response to larger minimum wage increases." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2022 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Minimum wage increases and eviction risk (2022)
Zitatform
Agarwal, Sumit, Brent W. Ambrose & Moussa Diop (2022): Minimum wage increases and eviction risk. In: Journal of Urban Economics, Jg. 129. DOI:10.1016/j.jue.2021.103421
Abstract
"We extend the debate on the benefits to increasing the minimum wage by examining the impact on expenses associated with shelter, a previously unexplored area. Our analysis uses a unique data set that tracks household rental payments. Increases in state minimum wages significantly reduce the incidence of renters defaulting on their lease contracts by 1.7 percentage points over three months, relative to similar renters who did not experience an increase in the minimum wage. This represents 10.6% fewer monthly defaults. However, this effect slowly decreases over time as landlords react to wage increases by increasing rents." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2022 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Minimum Wages, Efficiency and Welfare (2022)
Berger, David W.; Mongey, Simon; Herkenhoff, Kyle F.;Zitatform
Berger, David W., Kyle F. Herkenhoff & Simon Mongey (2022): Minimum Wages, Efficiency and Welfare. (NBER working paper 29662), Cambridge, Mass, 84 S. DOI:10.3386/w29662
Abstract
"It has long been argued that a minimum wage could alleviate efficiency losses from monopsony power. In a general equilibrium framework that quantitatively replicates results from recent empirical studies, we find higher minimum wages can improve welfare, but most welfare gains stem from redistribution rather than efficiency. Our model features oligopsonistic labor markets with heterogeneous workers and firms and yields analytical expressions that characterize the mechanisms by which minimum wages can improve efficiency, and how these deteriorate at higher minimum wages. We provide a method to separate welfare gains into two channels: efficiency and redistribution. Under both channels and Utilitarian social welfare weights the optimal minimum wage is $15, but alternative weights can rationalize anything from $0 to $31. Under only the efficiency channel, the optimal minimum wage is narrowly around $8, robust to social welfare weights, and generates small welfare gains that recover only 2 percent of the efficiency losses from monopsony power." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Push or Pull? Measuring the labor supply response to the minimum wage using an individual-level panel (2022)
Zitatform
Boffy-Ramirez, Ernest (2022): Push or Pull? Measuring the labor supply response to the minimum wage using an individual-level panel. In: Applied Economics, Jg. 54, H. 35, S. 4043-4059. DOI:10.1080/00036846.2021.2020713
Abstract
"For individuals in low-wage labour markets, an increase in the minimum wage can theoretically pull them into or push them out of the labour force. If increases raise expected wages beyond reservation wages, marginal individuals could enter the labour force and begin searching for employment. If increases lower expected wages, marginal individuals already in the labour force could exit. Leveraging revised individual identifiers in the U.S. Current Population Survey, this research estimates the contemporaneous effects of minimum wage increases on labour force participation. The use of within-person variation, short individual panels, and flexible controls for time create an empirical strategy that mitigates potential biases from unobserved constant individual-level heterogeneity and time-varying factors. This research finds that minimum wage changes tend to impact the youngest individuals, but there is substantial heterogeneity in responses by age, race/ethnicity, and sex. There is stronger evidence of pull effects amongst young white men and Latinos, and weaker evidence amongst young Black women and older Latinas. Weak evidence of push effects is observed amongst younger white women, younger Latinos, and older Latinas. This research highlights heterogeneous labour force participation responses to further inform our understanding of search behaviour and labour market churn." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Seeing Beyond the Trees: Using Machine Learning to Estimate the Impact of Minimum Wages on Labor Market Outcomes (2022)
Cengiz, Doruk; Dube, Arindrajit; Lindner, Attila S.; Zentler-Munro, David;Zitatform
Cengiz, Doruk, Arindrajit Dube, Attila S. Lindner & David Zentler-Munro (2022): Seeing Beyond the Trees: Using Machine Learning to Estimate the Impact of Minimum Wages on Labor Market Outcomes. In: Journal of labor economics, Jg. 40, H. S1, S. S203-S247. DOI:10.1086/718497
Abstract
"We assess the effect of the minimum wage on labor market outcomes. First, we apply modern machine learning tools to predict who is affected by the policy. Second, we implement an event study using 172 prominent minimum wage increases between 1979 and 2019. We find a clear increase in wages of affected workers and no change in employment. Furthermore, minimum wage increases have no effect on the unemployment rate, labor force participation, or labor market transitions. Overall, these findings provide little evidence of changing search effort in response to a minimum wage increase." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Understanding "wage theft": Evasion and avoidance responses to minimum wage increases (2022)
Zitatform
Clemens, Jeffrey & Michael R. Strain (2022): Understanding "wage theft": Evasion and avoidance responses to minimum wage increases. In: Labour Economics, Jg. 79. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2022.102285
Abstract
"This paper presents strong evidence that minimum wage increases lead to a greater prevalence of subminimum wage payment. Using the Current Population Survey, we estimate that increases in measured underpayment following minimum wage increases average between 12 and 17 percent of realized wage gains. Our baseline analyses focus on workers ages 16 to 25, while additional analyses consider workers ages 16 to 65. In addition, we find that firms and workers comply to a far greater degree with minimum wage increases that are forecastable, modest, and regular than with minimum wage increases enacted through new legislation. We also find evidence that states' enforcement regimes influence the compliance patterns we observe. We interpret these findings as evidence that while minimum wage compliance is the norm, noncompliance is an important, economically nuanced reality in the low-wage labor market." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2022 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Does measurement error explain the increase in subminimum wage payment following minimum wage increases? (2022)
Zitatform
Clemens, Jeffrey & Michael R. Strain (2022): Does measurement error explain the increase in subminimum wage payment following minimum wage increases? In: Economics Letters, Jg. 217. DOI:10.1016/j.econlet.2022.110638
Abstract
"In analyses of minimum wages, positive “ripple effects” and subminimum wages are difficult to distinguish from measurement error. Indeed, prior work posits that a simple, symmetric measurement error process may underlie both phenomena in Current Population Survey data for the full working age population. We show that the population-wide symmetry between spillovers and subminimum wage payment is illusory in that spillovers accrue to older individuals while subminimum wage payment accrues to the young. Symmetric measurement error cannot explain this heterogeneity, which increases the likelihood that both spillovers and subminimum-wage payment are real effects of minimum wage increases rather than artifacts of measurement error." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2022 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
How Important are Minimum Wage Increases in Increasing the Wages of Minimum Wage Workers? (2022)
Zitatform
Clemens, Jeffrey & Michael R. Strain (2022): How Important are Minimum Wage Increases in Increasing the Wages of Minimum Wage Workers? (NBER working paper 29824), Cambridge, Mass, 39 S. DOI:10.3386/w29824
Abstract
"Popular discussion commonly presumes an outsized role for minimum wage increases as a driver of wage increases for minimum wage workers. In this paper, we investigate the accuracy of this presumption using data from the earnings studies of the Current Population Survey (CPS). CPS wage and earnings data enable us to assess the fraction of minimum wage workers who receive a raise within 12 months of their initial appearance as a minimum wage worker. On average from 2010 to 2019, we find that roughly 75 percent of minimum wage workers who remain employed experience a wage increase within 12 months. This fraction is higher during the later years of the sample, when the labor market has been strong, than in the earlier years. The fraction of minimum wage workers receiving wage increases is moderately higher when states enact minimum wage increases than when they do not. We also find that the fraction of minimum wage workers receiving wage increases is correlated with several measures of labor market tightness. Finally, wage gains are quite commonly associated with industry and/or occupation switches. This highlights the importance of career progression for the growth of earnings among entry-level workers. The vast majority of the wage gains realized by minimum wage workers thus appear to be driven by career progression and increases in labor demand. Minimum wage increases play a modest role as a driver of earnings trajectories beyond shaping the initial, typically short-lived, minimum wage job itself." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Minimum Wage and Union Membership among Minimum Wage Workers: Why Do Unions Advocate for Minimum Wage Increases? (2022)
Zitatform
Clemens, Jeffrey & Michael R. Strain (2022): The Minimum Wage and Union Membership among Minimum Wage Workers: Why Do Unions Advocate for Minimum Wage Increases? (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 15685), Bonn, 10 S.
Abstract
"Over the past decade, organized labor has played a significant role in advocating for minimum wage increases. In this paper, we investigate the effects of minimum wage increases on union membership among individuals in minimum wage intensive industries. Consistent with a "freeriding" hypothesis, we find that minimum wage increases predict declines in union membership among low-skilled's most direct beneficiaries. We find no evidence of a change in union membership among high-skilled workers in these industries." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Distributional Impact of the Minimum Wage in the Short and Long Run (2022)
Zitatform
Hurst, Erik, Patrick J. Kehoe, Elena Pastorino & Thomas Winberry (2022): The Distributional Impact of the Minimum Wage in the Short and Long Run. (NBER working paper 30294), Cambridge, Mass, 66 S. DOI:10.3386/w30294
Abstract
"We develop a framework with rich worker heterogeneity, firm monopsony power, and putty-clay technology to study the distributional impact of the minimum wage in the short and long run. Our production technology is disciplined to be consistent with the small estimated employment effects of the minimum wage in the short run and the large estimated elasticities of substitution across inputs in the long run. We find that in the short run, a large increase in the minimum wage has a small effect on employment and therefore increases the labor income of the workers who were earning less than the new minimum wage. In the long run, however, the minimum wage has perverse distributional implications in that it reduces the employment, income, and welfare of precisely the low-income workers it is meant to help. Nonetheless, these long-run effects take time to fully materialize because firms slowly adjust their mix of inputs. Existing transfer programs, such as the earned income tax credit (EITC), are more effective at improving long-run outcomes for workers at the low end of the wage distribution. But combining existing programs with a modest increase in the minimum wage generates even larger welfare gains for low-earning workers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
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Literaturhinweis
What's across the Border? Re-Evaluating the Cross-Border Evidence on Minimum Wage Effects (2022)
Zitatform
Jha, Priyaranjan, David Neumark & Antonio Rodriguez-Lopez (2022): What's across the Border? Re-Evaluating the Cross-Border Evidence on Minimum Wage Effects. (IZA discussion paper 15282), Bonn, 31 S.
Abstract
"Dube, Lester, and Reich (2010) argue that state-level minimum wage variation can be correlated with economic shocks, generating spurious evidence that higher minimum wages reduce employment. Using minimum wage variation within contiguous county pairs that share a state border, they find no relationship between minimum wages and employment in the U.S. restaurant industry. We show that this finding hinges critically on using cross-border counties to define local economic areas with which to control for economic shocks that are potentially correlated with minimum wage changes. We use, instead, multi-state commuting zones, which provide superior definitions of local economic areas. Using the same within-local area research design—but within cross-border commuting zones—we find a robust negative relationship between minimum wages and employment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Why are Low-Wage Workers Signing Noncompete Agreements? (2022)
Zitatform
Johnson, Matthew S. & Michael Lipsitz (2022): Why are Low-Wage Workers Signing Noncompete Agreements? In: The Journal of Human Resources, Jg. 57, H. 3, S. 689-724. DOI:10.3368/jhr.57.3.0619-10274R2
Abstract
"Policymakers are concerned by evidence that noncompete agreements (NCAs) are widely used in low-wage jobs. We show that firms that would otherwise not use NCAs are induced to use one in the presence of frictions to adjusting wages downward. Using a new survey of salon owners, we find that declines in the terms of trade for employees and increases in the minimum wage lead to higher NCA use, but only at firms for which the employee's cost of an NCA likely exceeds the employer's benefit. Furthermore, minimum wage increases have a negative effect on employment only where NCAs are unenforceable." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System) ((en))
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