Happiness – wie Glück, Arbeit und Einkommen zusammenhängen
Das Streben nach Glück ist ein zentrales Element im Leben, wobei das individuelle Wohlbefinden sowohl persönliche als auch gesellschaftliche Ursachen hat. Welchen Einfluss haben Wirtschaftsentwicklung, Einkommen, der berufliche Werdegang oder Arbeitslosigkeitserfahrungen auf das Glücksempfinden eines Menschen? Die IAB-Infoplattform bietet hierzu aktuelle Literatur.
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Literaturhinweis
Zwischen Glücksjagd und Sinnsuche in der Arbeitswelt (2014)
Hardering, Friedericke;Zitatform
Hardering, Friedericke (2014): Zwischen Glücksjagd und Sinnsuche in der Arbeitswelt. In: Sozialwissenschaften und Berufspraxis, Jg. 37, H. 2, S. 175-187.
Abstract
"Im Folgenden wird zunächst auf die soziologische Erforschung von Glücksvorstellungen der Arbeit eingegangen. Anschließend werden verschiedene subjektive Bezugnahmen auf Glücksvorstellungen vorgestellt, die aus Interviews mit freiwilligen BerufswechslerInnen rekonstruiert wurden. Da diese Gruppe durch den beruflichen Wechsel eine erhöhte Reflexivität im Hinblick auf eigene Erwartungen an die Arbeit aufweist, lassen sich Deutungen und Eigentheorien darüber, welche Glücksvorstellungen sich für die InterviewpartnerInnen als tragfähig erwiesen haben und welchen Vorstellungen vom Glück sie folgen, gut rekonstruieren. Insgesamt zielt der Beitrag darauf ab, die eigensinnigen Aneignungen und Reaktualisierungen von Glücksvorstellungen in der Arbeit abzubilden, um so den Blick auf individuell genutzte Handlungsspielräume und Ressourcen zu richten und zudem einen konzeptionellen Beitrag zur Systematisierung gegenwärtiger Glücksvorstellungen der Arbeit zu leisten." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Happiness and work (2014)
Krause, Annabelle;Zitatform
Krause, Annabelle (2014): Happiness and work. (IZA discussion paper 8435), Bonn, 12 S.
Abstract
"The relationship between happiness and work is subject to an ever growing empirical literature in economics. The analyses are mostly based on large-scale survey data to measure subjective well-being. Whereas one large strand of research investigates the effect of job loss and becoming unemployed, another field of study focuses on the determinants of job satisfaction evolving around employment conditions, self-employment, and potential public sector satisfaction premiums. A smaller part of the literature investigates potential driving effects of happiness on labor market outcomes. This article will give an overview about the most significant subareas of research and the empirical literature in economics to date." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Economic approaches to understanding change in happiness (2014)
Zitatform
Powdthavee, Nattavudh & Alois Stutzer (2014): Economic approaches to understanding change in happiness. (IZA discussion paper 8131), Bonn, 24 S.
Abstract
"Are people condemned to an inherent level of experienced happiness? A review of the economic research on subjective well-being gives reason to the assessment that happiness can change. First, empirical findings clearly indicate that people are not indifferent to adverse living conditions when reporting their subjective well-being as observed for limited freedom of choice, low levels of democratization, unemployment, low income, etc. Second, considering people's adaptation to life events and (external) conditions reveals substantial heterogeneity in the speed as well as the degree of reversion. Together, the evidence suggests that reported subjective well-being is a valuable complementary source of information about human well-being and the phenomenon of adaptation. Many challenges, of course, remain. First, we are only at the beginning of understanding variation in the process of adaptation. The modeling of happiness over the life course promises a productive perspective. Second, adaptation might well pose a challenge to individual decision-making when people are not good in predicting it. Third, adaptation might have great consequences for public policy and the idea of social welfare maximization depending on how fast and slow adapting people are treated." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Richer in money, poorer in relationships and unhappy?: time series comparisons of social capital and well-being in Luxembourg (2014)
Sarracino, Francesco;Zitatform
Sarracino, Francesco (2014): Richer in money, poorer in relationships and unhappy? Time series comparisons of social capital and well-being in Luxembourg. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 115, H. 2, S. 561-622. DOI:10.1007/s11205-012-0223-5
Abstract
"The worrying decline of social capital (Putnam in Bowling alone: the collapse and revival of American community. Simon and Schuster, New York, 2000) and the disappointing trends of subjective well-being characterising the US (Easterlin in Nations and households in economic growth. Academic Press, New York, 1974; Easterlin and Angelescu in Happiness and growth the world over: time series evidence on the happiness income paradox, 2009; Easterlin et al. in Proc Natl Acad Sci 107:22463 - 22468, 2010) raise urgent questions for modern societies: is the erosion of social capital a feature of the more developed and richer countries or is it rather a characteristic aspect of the American society? To test the hypothesis that the erosion of social capital and declining well-being are not a common feature of richer countries, present work focuses on Luxembourg. The main results are: (1) the erosion of social capital is not a legacy of the richest countries in the world; (2) between 1999 and 2008, people in Luxembourg experienced a substantial increase in almost every proxy of social capital; (3) both endowments and trends of social capital and subjective well-being differ significantly within the population. Migrants participate less in social relationships and report lower levels of well-being; (4) the positive relationship between trends of subjective well-being and social capital found in previous literature is confirmed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
How was life?: global well-being since 1820 (2014)
Zanden, Jan Luiten van; Baten, Joerg; Mira d¿Ercole, Marco; Timmer, Marcel; Rijpma, Auke; Smith, Conal;Zitatform
Zanden, Jan Luiten van, Joerg Baten, Marco Mira d¿Ercole, Auke Rijpma, Conal Smith & Marcel Timmer (Hrsg.) (2014): How was life? Global well-being since 1820. Paris, 269 S. DOI:10.1787/9789264214262-en
Abstract
"Die Lebensqualität der Menschen hat sich seit dem frühen 20. Jahrhundert in großen Teilen der Welt verbessert. Gerade in jüngerer Zeit haben sich die Lebensbedingungen in den Ländern rund um den Globus stärker angeglichen als das Bruttoinlandsprodukt pro Kopf. Mit einer Ausnahme, den Ländern südlich der Sahara.
Die Studie 'How Was Life? - Global Well-being since 1820' bietet zum ersten Mal systematische Erkenntnisse über langfristige Trends in Gesundheit, Bildung, sozialer Gleichheit, Umwelt oder persönlicher Sicherheit. Die historischen Daten erstrecken sich von inflationsbereinigten Löhnen über das BIP, die Lebenserwartung, Bildungsabschlüsse, Größe (als Maß für physisches Wohlbefinden und Ernährung), Sicherheit, politische Institutionen, die Umwelt bis hin zur Ungleichheit in Bezug auf Einkommen und zwischen den Geschlechtern." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)Weiterführende Informationen
Deutschsprachige Zusammenfassung -
Literaturhinweis
Predicting the trend of well-being in Germany: how much do comparisons, adaptation and sociability matter? (2013)
Bartolini, Stefano; Bilancini, Ennio; Sarracino, Francesco;Zitatform
Bartolini, Stefano, Ennio Bilancini & Francesco Sarracino (2013): Predicting the trend of well-being in Germany. How much do comparisons, adaptation and sociability matter? In: Social indicators research, Jg. 114, H. 2, S. 169-191. DOI:10.1007/s11205-012-0142-5
Abstract
"Using longitudinal data from the German Socio-Economic Panel, we estimate the variation of subjective well-being experienced by Germans over the last two decades testing the role of some of the major correlates of people's well-being. Our results suggest that the variation of Germans' well-being between 1996 and 2007 is well predicted by changes over time of income, demographics and social capital. The increase in social capital predicts the largest positive change in subjective well-being. Income growth, also predicts a substantial change in subjective well-being, but it is compensated for about three fourths by the joint negative predictions due to income comparison and income adaptation. Finally, we find that aging of the population predicts the largest negative change in subjective well-being. This result appears to hinge on the large loss of satisfaction experienced by individuals in old age." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The drivers of happiness inequality: suggestions for promoting social cohesion (2013)
Zitatform
Becchetti, Leonardo, Riccardo Massari & Paolo Naticchioni (2013): The drivers of happiness inequality. Suggestions for promoting social cohesion. (IZA discussion paper 7153), Bonn, 34 S.
Abstract
"This paper identifies and quantifies the contribution of a set of covariates in affecting levels and over time changes of happiness inequality. Using a decomposition methodology based on RIF regression, we analyse the increase in happiness inequality observed in Germany between 1992 and 2007, using the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP) database, deriving the following findings. First, trends in happiness inequality are mainly driven by composition effects, while coefficient effects are negligible. Second, among composition effects, education has an inequality-reducing impact, while the increase in unemployment contributes to the rise in happiness inequality. Third, the increase in average income has a reducing impact on happiness inequality, while the raise in income inequality cannot be considered as a driver of happiness inequality trends. A clear cut policy implication is that policies enhancing education and economic performance contribute to reduce happiness inequality and the potential social tensions arising from it." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Happy working mothers? Investigating the effect of maternal employment on life satisfaction (2013)
Zitatform
Berger, Eva M. (2013): Happy working mothers? Investigating the effect of maternal employment on life satisfaction. In: Economica, Jg. 80, H. 317, S. 23-43. DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0335.2012.00932.x
Abstract
"This paper analyses the effect of non-participation and part-time employment compared to full-time employment on life satisfaction of mothers in Germany. Using data from the SOEP and applying fixed-effects panel estimations, the results show that mothers in family-related non-participation and mothers employed part-time are less satisfied than mothers employed full-time. The direct and the indirect effect - due to foregone household income - each account for about half of the total effect. I attribute the found negative effects on the institutional and social conditions in Germany that prevent many mothers from reconciling (full-time) employment with motherhood." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Inequality and happiness: when perceived social mobility and economic reality do not match (2013)
Bjørnskov, Christian; Gehring, Kai; Dreher, Axel; Schnellenbach, Jan; Fischer, Justina A.V.;Zitatform
Bjørnskov, Christian, Axel Dreher, Justina A.V. Fischer, Jan Schnellenbach & Kai Gehring (2013): Inequality and happiness. When perceived social mobility and economic reality do not match. In: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, Jg. 91, H. July, S. 75-92. DOI:10.1016/j.jebo.2013.03.017
Abstract
"We argue that perceived fairness of the income generation process affects the association between income inequality and subjective well-being, and that there are systematic differences in this regard between countries that are characterized by a high or, respectively, low level of actual fairness. Using a simple model of individual labor market participation under uncertainty, we predict that high levels of perceived fairness cause higher levels of individual welfare, and lower support for income redistribution. Income inequality is predicted to have a more favorable impact on subjective well-being for individuals with high fairness perceptions. This relationship is predicted to be stronger in societies that are characterized by low actual fairness. Using data on subjective well-being and a broad set of fairness measures from a pseudo micro-panel from the WVS over the 1990 - 2008 period, we find strong support for the negative (positive) association between fairness perceptions and the demand for more equal incomes (subjective well-being). We also find strong empirical support for the predicted differences in individual tolerance for income inequality, and the predicted influence of actual fairness." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Can governments boost people's sense of well-being?: the impact of selected labour market and health policies on life satisfaction (2013)
Boarini, Romina; Comola, Margherita; Manchin, Robert; Keulenaer, Femke de; Smith, Conal;Zitatform
Boarini, Romina, Margherita Comola, Femke de Keulenaer, Robert Manchin & Conal Smith (2013): Can governments boost people's sense of well-being? The impact of selected labour market and health policies on life satisfaction. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 114, H. 1, S. 105-120. DOI:10.1007/s11205-013-0386-8
Abstract
"There is strong evidence that subjective well-being measures capture in a reliable way specific components of well-being that other non-subjective measures miss. The question of whether subjective well-being is policy amenable is however still largely unexplored in the research. This paper sheds some light on this issue, by looking at the impact of selected labour market and health policies on subjective well-being, using well-being data from the Gallup World Poll on the 34 OECD countries. The paper finds that the generosity of unemployment benefits and the strictness employment protection legislation affects positively life satisfaction, while out-of-pocket health expenses significantly reduce subjective well-being." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Are you happy while you work? (2013)
Zitatform
Bryson, Alex & George MacKerron (2013): Are you happy while you work? (CEP discussion paper 1187), London, 25 S.
Abstract
"Recent work in psychology and economics has investigated ways in which individuals experience their lives. This literature includes influences on individuals' momentary happiness. We contribute to this literature using a new data source, Mappiness (www.mappiness.org.uk), which permits individuals to record their wellbeing via a smartphone. The data contain more than a million observations on tens of thousands of individuals in the UK, collected since August 2010. We explore the links between individuals' wellbeing measured momentarily at random points in time and their experiences of paid work. We explore variation in wellbeing within-individual over time having accounted for fixed unobservable differences across people. We quantify the effects of working on individuals' affect relative to other activities they perform. We consider the effects of working on two aspects of affect: happiness and relaxation. We find paid work is ranked lower than any of the other 39 activities individuals engage in, with the exception of being sick in bed. Although controlling for other factors, including person fixed effects, reduces the size of the association its rank position remains the same and the effect is still equivalent to a 7-8% reduction in happiness relative to circumstances in which one is not working. Paid work has a similar though slightly larger negative impact on being relaxed. However, precisely how unhappy or anxious one is while working depends on the circumstances. Wellbeing at work varies significantly with where you work (at home, at work, elsewhere); whether you are combining work with other activities; whether you are alone or with others; and the time of day or night you are working." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The objective benefits of subjective well-being (2013)
De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel; Diener, Ed; Tay, Louis; Xuereb, Cody;Zitatform
De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel, Ed Diener, Louis Tay & Cody Xuereb (2013): The objective benefits of subjective well-being. (CEP discussion paper 1236), London, 35 S.
Abstract
"The aim of this paper is to survey the 'hard' evidence on the effects of subjective well-being. In doing so, we complement the evidence on the determinants of well-being by showing that human well-being also affects outcomes of interest such as health, income, and social behaviour. Generally, we observe a dynamic relationship between happiness and other important aspects of our lives, with influence running in both directions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Trading up the happiness ladder (2013)
Dluhosch, Barbara; Horgos, Daniel;Zitatform
Dluhosch, Barbara & Daniel Horgos (2013): Trading up the happiness ladder. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 113, H. 3, S. 973-990. DOI:10.1007/s11205-012-0122-9
Abstract
"How globalization affects subjective happiness is highly disputed. Several studies use an index that amalgamates globalization's different dimensions into a single variable. Unlike previous studies and in order to better illuminate its facets, we adopt a disaggregated perspective on trade (policy) data. Distinguishing actual trade flows and the option value of trade, we find the former to slightly depress happiness, the latter to significantly promote happiness. Segmentation of WVS-data shows that the positive connotation is concentrated in low-income countries still in the process of climbing the income ladder, thus backing the notion of a shift in values." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Inequality of happiness in the U.S.: 1972-2010 (2013)
Dutta, Indranil; Foster, James;Zitatform
Dutta, Indranil & James Foster (2013): Inequality of happiness in the U.S.: 1972-2010. In: Review of Income and Wealth, Jg. 59, H. 3, S. 393-415. DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.2012.00527.x
Abstract
"It is well accepted that a country's GDP may not fully reflect its level of well-being. In recent years, happiness has emerged as an alternative indicator of well-being, and research has mainly focused on determining the level of happiness. While it is important to look at the level, the distribution of happiness is also a salient aspect in any evaluation of inequality. There has been a growing interest in the distribution of happiness, although the ordinal nature of the data makes the use of standard inequality measures problematic. Our paper contributes to the literature by exploring the distributions for the U.S. from 1972 to 2010. Based on new methods developed for ordinal data, we are able to overcome the problems associated with ordinality and obtain unambiguous rankings of happiness distributions. We also compute the level of happiness inequality using existing measures based on median centred approaches. Further, we decompose the median based inequality measures of happiness by gender, race, and region." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Happiness and economic growth: the evidence (2013)
Easterlin, Richard A.;Zitatform
Easterlin, Richard A. (2013): Happiness and economic growth. The evidence. (IZA discussion paper 7187), Bonn, 30 S.
Abstract
"Long term trends in happiness and income are not related; short term fluctuations in happiness and income are positively associated. Evidence for this is found in time series data for developed countries, transition countries, and less developed countries, whether analyzed separately or pooled. Skeptics, who claim that the long term time series trend relationship is positive, are mistaking the short term association for the long term one, or are misguided by a statistical artifact. Some analysts assert that in less developed countries happiness and economic growth are positively related 'up to some point,' beyond which the association tends to become nil, but time series data do not support this view. The most striking contradiction is China where, despite a fourfold multiplication in two decades in real GDP per capita from a low initial level, life satisfaction has not improved." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Testing the tunnel effect: Comparison, age and happiness in UK and German panels (2013)
Zitatform
FitzRoy, Felix R., Michael A. Nolan, Max F. Steinhardt & David Ulph (2013): Testing the tunnel effect: Comparison, age and happiness in UK and German panels. (IZA discussion paper 7452), Bonn, 34 S.
Abstract
"In contrast to previous results combining all ages we find positive effects of comparison income on happiness for the under 45s, and negative effects for those over 45. In the BHPS these coefficients are several times the magnitude of own income effects. In GSOEP they cancel to give no effect of effect of comparison income on life satisfaction in the whole sample, when controlling for fixed effects, and time-in-panel, and with flexible, age-group dummies. The residual age-happiness relationship is hump-shaped in all three countries. Results are consistent with a simple life cycle model of relative income under uncertainty." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Happiness inequality: How much is reasonable? (2013)
Gandelman, Néstor; Porzecanski, Rafael;Zitatform
Gandelman, Néstor & Rafael Porzecanski (2013): Happiness inequality: How much is reasonable? In: Social indicators research, Jg. 110, H. 1, S. 257-269. DOI:10.1007/s11205-011-9929-z
Abstract
"We compute the Gini indexes for income, happiness and various simulated utility levels. Due to decreasing marginal utility of income, happiness inequality should be lower than income inequality. We find that happiness inequality is about half that of income inequality. To compute the utility levels we need to assume values for a key parameter that can be interpreted as a measure of relative risk aversion. If this coefficient is above one, as many economists believe, then a large part of happiness inequality is not related to pecuniary dimensions of life." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Unemployment expectations, excessive pessimism, and news coverage (2013)
Garz, Marcel;Zitatform
Garz, Marcel (2013): Unemployment expectations, excessive pessimism, and news coverage. In: Journal of economic psychology, Jg. 34, H. February, S. 156-168. DOI:10.1016/j.joep.2012.09.007
Abstract
"This study employs monthly survey data and information obtained from media content analyses to investigate the potential link between (negativity in) economic news coverage and the pessimism in German unemployment expectations. For the period from 2001 to 2009, time-series estimates do not indicate a link in the short-run, but the cumulative effects of repeated media coverage affect long-run attitudes. A single negative report has a long-term effect similar to that of a positive one, but the quantitative dominance of negative over positive news causes an asymmetric reaction in unemployment expectations, which promotes pessimism." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Direct evidence on income comparisons and subjective well-being (2013)
Zitatform
Goerke, Laszlo & Markus Pannenberg (2013): Direct evidence on income comparisons and subjective well-being. (SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research at DIW Berlin 549), Berlin, 18 S.
Abstract
"Subjective well-being (SWB) is generally argued to rise with relative income. However, direct evidence is scarce on whether and how intensively individuals undertake income comparisons, to whom they relate, and what they perceive their relative income to be. In this paper, novel data with direct information on income comparison intensity and perceived relative income with respect to predetermined reference groups is used to provide evidence on the relationship between income comparisons and SWB. We find negative correlations between comparison intensity and SWB for co-workers, people in the same occupation and friends. For job-related reference groups income comparisons are mostly upwards and perceiving to earn less than the reference group is negatively correlated with SWB." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The impact of economic crisis on happiness (2013)
Gudmundsdottir, Dora Gudrun;Zitatform
Gudmundsdottir, Dora Gudrun (2013): The impact of economic crisis on happiness. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 110, H. 3, S. 1083-1101. DOI:10.1007/s11205-011-9973-8
Abstract
"There is a common belief that economic crisis will lead to a decrease in subjective wellbeing. Previous studies indicate that income is correlated with happiness and unemployment with unhappiness. The relationship between increased income and happiness is well documented while the impact of decreased income has been less explored. The aim of this paper is to study how the economic downfall in Iceland, followed by reduced income and increased unemployment, affects happiness as well as to explore which groups are most vulnerable to changes in happiness and which are most resilient. The study is a longitudinal, nationally representative postal survey which assessed 5,918 individual's aged 18-79. A total of 4,092 (77.3%) answered again in 2009. The relationship between economic factors and happiness was explored using multiple linear regression to find out how much they explain of the happiness variance and the changes in happiness, together with demographic factors, health and social relationships. Results indicate that income and unemployment did not predict happiness but financial difficulties did. A decrease in happiness was detected after the collapse. The change in happiness from 2007 to 2009 was normally distributed, 40% had the same score in both years and an equal number increased as decreased. The explored factors did not explain the changes in happiness. The economic crisis had a limited affect on happiness. Those with financial difficulties were hardest hit. Changes in happiness need to be studied further since they are not well explained by the factors which influence cross-sectional levels of happiness." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Der Einfluss von Armut und Reichtum auf die Lebenszufriedenheit: eine empirische Analyse mit dem SOEP unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Capability Approach (2013)
Zitatform
Hajek, André (2013): Der Einfluss von Armut und Reichtum auf die Lebenszufriedenheit. Eine empirische Analyse mit dem SOEP unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Capability Approach. München: Utz, 319 S., Anhang.
Abstract
"In dem zweiten Kapitel werden die wesentlichen Begriffe dieser Arbeit näher vorgestellt. Dazu gehören die Termini Lebenszufriedenheit, Armut und Reichtum sowie der Ansatz der Verwirklichungschancen. Die Basis der Operationalisierung von Armuts- und Reichtumsvariablen bildet dabei der Ansatz der Verwirklichungschancen. Welchen Problemen und Fragen man sich dabei in der Praxis stellen muss, wird in dem dritten Kapitel thematisiert. Ein Exkurs zur Kausalität erfolgt danach am Anfang des vierten Kapitels (Kap. 4.1). Dies ist wesentlich, um die Erkenntnisse dieser Arbeit angemessen evaluieren zu können. Anschließend wird der Forschungsstand (wesentliche Theorien der Zufriedenheitsforschung und Einflussfaktoren der Lebenszufriedenheit) vorgestellt. Daraus werden entsprechende Hypothesen abgeleitet. Nachfolgend wird das Fundament für die empirischen Analysen erarbeitet (Vorstellung der Datenbasis, Operationalisierung, methodische Grundlagen). Nach einem anfänglichen Between-Vergleich zwischen Reichen und Nicht-Reichen sowie Armen und Nicht-Armen wird in dem empirischen Abschnitt mithilfe multivariater Analyseverfahren die Entwicklung der Individuen im Zeitverlauf betrachtet.
In Ergänzung zum vierten Kapitel wird im fünften Kapitel gezielt auf die Wirkung der Wahlfreiheit auf die Lebenszufriedenheit eingegangen. Der Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf den Gebieten (1) soziale Exklusion, (2) Arbeitslosigkeit und (3) berufliche Weiterbildung. Über die Ergebnisse dieses Kapitels wird der besondere Nutzen des CA im Kontext der Armuts- und Reichtumsforschung herausgearbeitet.
Das sechste Kapitel berücksichtigt - in Erweiterung zum vierten Kapitel - sowohl potenzielle Antizipation- als auch Adaptationseffekte im ökonometrischen Modell, da derartige Effekte in der bisherigen Zufriedenheitsforschung beobachtet wurden. Dadurch kann die Effektdauer eingeschätzt werden. Beleuchtet wird im siebten Kapitel indessen das komplexe Zusammenwirken der Lebenszufriedenheit mit der Gesundheit, dem Einkommen und dem Erwerbsstatus bzw. der beruflichen Autonomie.
Im Anschluss daran wird im achten Kapitel der Frage nachgegangen: Wie tangiert makroökonomische Einkommensungleichheit die Individuen im Lande? Daran knüpft die Frage an, ob dieser Einfluss der Ungleichheit auf die Zufriedenheit zwischen den Gruppen der Einkommensarmen und Einkommensreichen differiert. Abschließend werden die einzelnen Ergebnisse im neunten Kapitel zusammengefasst und bewertet. Dies wird von einem Ausblick begleitet. Dieser weist auf künftige, bedeutende Fragestellungen hin." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku) -
Literaturhinweis
Are Americans really less happy with their incomes? (2013)
Kapteyn, Arie; Soest, Arthur van; Smith, James P.;Zitatform
Kapteyn, Arie, James P. Smith & Arthur van Soest (2013): Are Americans really less happy with their incomes? In: Review of Income and Wealth, Jg. 59, H. 1, S. 44-65. DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4991.2012.00532.x
Abstract
"Recent economic research on international comparisons of subjective well-being suffers from several important biases due to the potential incomparability of response scales within and across countries. In this paper we concentrate on self-reported satisfaction with income in two countries: the Netherlands and the U.S. The comparability problem is addressed by using anchoring vignettes. We find that in the raw data, Americans appear decidedly less satisfied with their income than the Dutch. It turns out however that after response scale adjustment based on vignettes, the distribution of satisfaction in the two countries is essentially identical. In addition, we find that the within-country cross-sectional effect of income on satisfaction - a key parameter in the recent debate in the economic literature - is significantly underestimated, especially in the U.S., when differences in response scales are not taken into account." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Economic freedom, money and happiness: why deregulation matters beyond its wealth enhancing effect (2013)
Zitatform
Knoll, Bodo, Hans Pitlik & Martin Rode (2013): Economic freedom, money and happiness. Why deregulation matters beyond its wealth enhancing effect. In: CESifo DICE report, Jg. 11, H. 2, S. 35-42.
Abstract
"For a long time economic happiness research has focused on the question: 'Does money make people happy?' In recent years, some researchers have broadened the scope of this question by asking if (economic) events and situations can have effects that go beyond pure pecuniary effects. Periods of unemployment are detrimental for subjective well-being to a far greater extent than the loss of labor income and the reduced consumption levels of the unemployed. Institutions matter for two reasons: (1) Free markets are an important determinant of growth, thereby contributing to life satisfaction via higher income levels. (2) In addition, ideology, risk aversion and freedom of choice as a value in itself may explain why positive or negative effects on life satisfaction remain even after controlling for the individual income position. These non-pecuniary effects seem to be unequally distributed within societies. Further research is needed to address endogeneity issues and to fully understand some of the paradoxical results that have emerged from previous empirical studies." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Short-run and long-run causalities between happiness, income and unemployment in Japan (2013)
Lee, Chew Ging; Lee, Cassey; Ng, Pek Kim;Zitatform
Lee, Chew Ging, Pek Kim Ng & Cassey Lee (2013): Short-run and long-run causalities between happiness, income and unemployment in Japan. In: Applied Economics Letters, Jg. 20, H. 18, S. 1636-1639. DOI:10.1080/13504851.2013.829195
Abstract
"This article examines the short-run and long-run causal interactions between happiness and two economic variables in Japan, namely, unemployment and income. Results suggest that whilst more rapid economic growth and lower levels of unemployment are important in raising people's well-being in the short run, it is the relative growth performance of the economy that matters in the long run." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Glücksfaktor Arbeit: was bestimmt unsere Lebenszufriedenheit? (2013)
Neumann, Michael; Schmidt, Jörg;Zitatform
Neumann, Michael & Jörg Schmidt (2013): Glücksfaktor Arbeit. Was bestimmt unsere Lebenszufriedenheit? (Roman-Herzog-Institut. Diskussion 21), München, 27 S.
Abstract
"Arbeit - genauer Erwerbsarbeit - ist ein zentraler Bestandteil unseres Lebens und nimmt somit auch Einfluss auf unsere Lebenszufriedenheit. Diese Erkenntnis ist zwar nicht neu. Die überwiegende Anzahl der Fachpublikationen zum Thema Lebenszufriedenheit fokussierte bislang aber auf andere Lebensbereiche und Personengruppen, wie etwa Studenten, Kinder und Menschen mit gesundheitlichen Problemen (Erdogan et al., 2012). Dies scheint überraschend, da wir doch einen großen Anteil unserer Lebenszeit im Beruf verbringen und sich dies nachhaltig auf unsere Zufriedenheit auswirken dürfte. Der Blick auf andere Lebensbereiche zeigt, dass diese ebenfalls eine wichtige Rolle spielen, darunter vor allem die eigene Gesundheit oder die Familie. Wie also muss mein Arbeitsplatz aussehen, um mich glücklicher und zufriedener zu machen? Kann ich mir das Glück gewissermaßen 'erarbeiten'? Die vorliegende Publikation trägt vorhandene Literatur zu diesen Fragen zusammen und ergänzt sie um eigene Auswertungen aus dem Sozio-oekonomischen Panel (SOEP). Aufgrund der Komplexität der Forschungsfrage ist der vorliegende Beitrag wie folgt gegliedert:
Zunächst wird in Kapitel 2 die Bedeutung des Arbeitsumfelds im Zusammenspiel mit anderen Lebensbereichen aufgezeigt. Zudem werden im internationalen Vergleich und nach der Art der Erwerbsform differenziert einige zusammengefasste Befunde erläutert. Im Anschluss daran beleuchtet Kapitel 3 beispielhaft einige für die allgemeine Lebenszufriedenheit wesentliche Aspekte der Arbeit, von denen unter Bezug auf die vorliegende Literatur erwartet werden kann, dass sie einen maßgeblichen Einfluss auf die Lebenszufriedenheit haben (ohne den Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit zu erheben). Kapitel 4 zieht die resultierenden Schlussfolgerungen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku) -
Literaturhinweis
Does migration make you happy?: a longitudinal study of internal migration and subjective well-being (2013)
Zitatform
Nowok, Beata, Maarten van Ham, Allan M. Findlay & Vernon Gayle (2013): Does migration make you happy? A longitudinal study of internal migration and subjective well-being. In: Environment and Planning. A, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Jg. 45, H. 4, S. 986-1002. DOI:10.1068/a45287
Abstract
"The majority of quantitative studies on the consequences of internal migration focus almost exclusively on the labour-market outcomes and the material well-being of migrants. We investigate whether individuals who migrate within the UK become happier after the move than they were before, and whether the effect is permanent or transient. Using life-satisfaction responses from twelve waves of the British Household Panel Survey and employing a fixed-effects model, we derive a temporal pattern of migrants' subjective well-being around the time of the migration event. Our findings make an original contribution by revealing that, on average, migration is preceded by a period when individuals experience a significant decline in happiness for a variety of reasons, including changes in personal living arrangements. Migration itself causes a boost in happiness, and brings people back to their initial levels. The research contributes, therefore, to advancing an understanding of migration in relation to set-point theory. Perhaps surprisingly, long-distance migrants are at least as happy as short-distance migrants despite the higher social and psychological costs involved. The findings of this paper add to the pressure to retheorize migration within a conceptual framework that accounts for social well-being from a life-course perspective." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Does unemployment hurt less if there is more of it around?: a panel analysis of life satisfaction in Germany and Switzerland (2013)
Zitatform
Oesch, Daniel & Oliver Lipps (2013): Does unemployment hurt less if there is more of it around? A panel analysis of life satisfaction in Germany and Switzerland. In: European Sociological Review, Jg. 29, H. 5, S. 955-967. DOI:10.1093/esr/jcs071
Abstract
"This article examines the existence of a habituation effect to unemployment: Does the subjective well-being of unemployed people decline less if unemployment is more widespread? The underlying idea is that unemployment hysteresis may operate through a sociological channel: if many people in the community lose their job and remain unemployed over an extended period, the psychological cost of being unemployed diminishes, and the pressure to accept a new job declines. We analyse this question with individual-level data from the German socio-economic panel (1984 - 2010) and the Swiss household panel (2000 - 2010). Our fixed-effects estimates show no evidence for a mitigating effect of high surrounding unemployment on the subjective well-being of the unemployed. Becoming unemployed hurts as much when regional unemployment is high as when it is low. Likewise, the strongly harmful impact of being unemployed on well-being neither wears off over time, nor do repeated episodes of unemployment make it any better. It thus appears doubtful that an unemployment shock becomes persistent because the unemployed becomes used to, and hence reasonably content with, being without a job." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Happiness and satisfaction with work commute (2013)
Olsson, Lars E.; Gärling, Tommy; Friman, Margareta; Ettema, Dick; Fujii, Satoshi;Zitatform
Olsson, Lars E., Tommy Gärling, Dick Ettema, Margareta Friman & Satoshi Fujii (2013): Happiness and satisfaction with work commute. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 111, H. 1, S. 255-263. DOI:10.1007/s11205-012-0003-2
Abstract
"Research suggests that for many people happiness is being able to make the routines of everyday life work, such that positive feelings dominate over negative feelings resulting from daily hassles. In line with this, a survey of work commuters in the three largest urban areas of Sweden show that satisfaction with the work commute contributes to overall happiness. It is also found that feelings during the commutes are predominantly positive or neutral. Possible explanatory factors include desirable physical exercise from walking and biking, as well as that short commutes provide a buffer between the work and private spheres. For longer work commutes, social and entertainment activities either increase positive affects or counteract stress and boredom. Satisfaction with being employed in a recession may also spill over to positive experiences of work commutes." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Work hours and well being: an investigation of moderator effects (2013)
Pereira, Maria C.; Coelho, Filipe;Zitatform
Pereira, Maria C. & Filipe Coelho (2013): Work hours and well being. An investigation of moderator effects. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 111, H. 1, S. 235-253. DOI:10.1007/s11205-012-0002-3
Abstract
"The relationship between work hours and subjective well being is marked by contradictory findings, thereby implying that it is far from being completely understood. A study of moderator effects can help explain variations in results across studies and, thus, overcome inconsistencies in past research. Accordingly, the current study aims to enlighten the relationship between work hours and well being by investigating how a number of variables moderate this relationship. To develop the research hypotheses concerning the moderator effects, this study relies mostly on social identity theory. Overall, the results suggest that work hours, per se, do not have a significant relationship with individual well being. Rather, their effects seem to depend on a number of issues, namely concerned with individuals' objective characteristics, as well as their social identities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Income comparisons, income adaptation, and life satisfaction: how robust are estimates from survey data? (2013)
Pfaff, Tobias;Zitatform
Pfaff, Tobias (2013): Income comparisons, income adaptation, and life satisfaction. How robust are estimates from survey data? (SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research at DIW Berlin 555), Berlin, 44 S.
Abstract
"Theory suggests that subjective well-being is affected by income comparisons and adaptation to income. Empirical tests of the effects often rely on self-constructed measures from survey data. This paper shows that results can be highly sensitive to simple parameter changes. Using large-scale panel data from Germany and the UK, I report cases where plausible variations in the underlying income type substantially affect tests of the relationship between life satisfaction, income rank, reference income, and income adaptation. Models simultaneously controlling for income and income rank as well as models with a number of income lags are prone to imperfect multicollinearity with consequences for the precision and robustness of estimates. When testing relative-income effects, researchers should be aware that reference income constructed as average of a rather arbitrarily defined reference group and reference income predicted from Mincer-type earnings equations are two approaches that can produce inconsistent results, and that are probably not as reliable and valid as previously assumed. The analysis underlines the importance of robustness checks and regression diagnostics, two routines that are often not carried out diligently in empirical research." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Austria's well-being goes beyond GDP (2013)
Röhn, Oliver; Gönenc, Rauf; Boarini, Romina; Beer, Christian;Zitatform
Röhn, Oliver, Rauf Gönenc, Christian Beer & Romina Boarini (2013): Austria's well-being goes beyond GDP. (OECD Economics Department working papers 1079), Paris, 58 S. DOI:10.1787/5k422133hjnv-en
Abstract
"Austria enjoys strong material well-being and high quality of life. Steady convergence with top GDP per capita levels translated into decisive improvements in household disposable incomes while significant redistribution has ensured low income inequality and poverty. This has been combined with gains in leisure time, especially time spent in retirement, low unemployment, high environmental standards, rising life expectancy, a well-functioning social support network and high subjective well-being. This performance was achieved with a unique combination of supportive conditions for a dynamic business sector, priority for family based care, a wide supply of public services, and a well-functioning social partnership. Particularly remarkable for a small open economy has been the degree of stability, which may have contributed to Austria's high quality of life. However, a number of weaknesses also exist. Older, unskilled and in particular people with migrant background, have lower labour market attachments. Outcomes in education and health care are subject to inequalities. Family services are still mainly carried out by women, who have closed the gap in education attainment with men but face tensions between work and family responsibilities and a high wage gap. The gaps experienced by people with migrant background are in several dimensions larger than in the average OECD country. This Working Paper relates to the 2013 OECD Economic Survey of Austria (https://www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/austria-2013.htm)." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The new stylized facts about income and subjective well-being (2013)
Zitatform
Sacks, Daniel W., Betsey Stevenson & Justin Wolfers (2013): The new stylized facts about income and subjective well-being. (CESifo working paper 4067), München, 14 S.
Abstract
"In recent decades economists have turned their attention to data that asks people how happy or satisfied they are with their lives. Much of the early research concluded that the role of income in determining well-being was limited, and that only income relative to others was related to well-being. In this paper, we review the evidence to assess the importance of absolute and relative income in determining well-being. Our research suggests that absolute income plays a major role in determining well-being and that national comparisons offer little evidence to support theories of relative income. We find that well-being rises with income, whether we compare people in a single country and year, whether we look across countries, or whether we look at economic growth for a given country. Through these comparisons we show that richer people report higher well-being than poorer people; that people in richer countries, on average, experience greater well-being than people in poorer countries; and that economic growth and growth in well-being are clearly related. Moreover, the data show no evidence for a satiation point above which income and well-being are no longer related." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: IZA discussion paper , 7105 -
Literaturhinweis
The interplay between educational achievement, occupational success, and well-being (2013)
Zitatform
Samuel, Robin, Manfred Max Bergman & Sandra Hupka-Brunner (2013): The interplay between educational achievement, occupational success, and well-being. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 111, H. 1, S. 75-96. DOI:10.1007/s11205-011-9984-5
Abstract
"Many studies have examined the effect of life events, education, and income on well-being. Conversely, research concerning well-being as a predictor of life course outcomes is sparse. Diener's suggestion 'to inquire about the effects of well-being on future behavior and success' has, with some exceptions, not yet come to fruition. This article contributes to this body of research. We conceptualize and analyze the interplay between educational achievement, occupational success, and well-being as a complex process. The relationship between these domains is examined drawing on a structure-agency framework derived from Bourdieu and Social Comparison Theory. Social comparison between adolescents and their parents is suggested to be the mechanism explaining the effects of successful and unsuccessful intergenerational transmission of educational achievement and occupational success on well-being. It is further argued that well-being may serve as an individual resource by fostering educational and occupational outcomes. Panel data from the Transition from Education to Employment (TREE) project, a Swiss PISA 2000 follow-up study, was used. The interplay between well-being and successful and unsuccessful intergenerational transfer of educational attainment was analyzed in an autoregressive cross-lagged mixture model framework. Social comparison was found to be related to well-being, while well-being proved to significantly increase the probability of successful intergenerational transfer of educational attainment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Determinants of subjective well-being in high and low income countries: do happiness equations differ across countries? (2013)
Sarracino, Francesco;Zitatform
Sarracino, Francesco (2013): Determinants of subjective well-being in high and low income countries. Do happiness equations differ across countries? In: The Journal of Socio-Economics, Jg. 42, H. February, S. 51-66. DOI:10.1016/j.socec.2012.11.006
Abstract
Die Bedeutung sozialer Beziehungen für das subjektive Wohlbefinden der Menschen in Industrie- und Entwicklungsländern ist Gegenstand dieser Untersuchung. Hierzu wurden Daten des World Value Survey für den Zeitraum 1980 bis 2001 mittels Regressionsanalysen und Oaxaca-Dekomposition ausgewertet. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass das soziale Kapital sowohl in armen als auch in reichen Ländern entscheidend für das subjektive Wohlbefinden ist. Hierzu zählen soziale Beziehungen zu Arbeitskollegen, in religiösen Gruppen, bei ehrenamtlichen Tätigkeiten und in der Freizeit. (IAB)
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Literaturhinweis
Subjective well-being and income: is there any evidence of satiation? (2013)
Stevenson, Betsey; Wolfers, Justin;Zitatform
Stevenson, Betsey & Justin Wolfers (2013): Subjective well-being and income. Is there any evidence of satiation? (CESifo working paper 4222), München, 25 S.
Abstract
"Many scholars have argued that once 'basic needs' have been met, higher income is no longer associated with higher in subjective well-being. We assess the validity of this claim in comparisons of both rich and poor countries, and also of rich and poor people within a country. Analyzing multiple datasets, multiple definitions of 'basic needs' and multiple questions about well-being, we find no support for this claim. The relationship between wellbeing and income is roughly linear-log and does not diminish as incomes rise. If there is a satiation point, we are yet to reach it." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Subjective well-being and income: is there any evidence of satiation? (2013)
Stevenson, Betsey; Wolfers, Justin;Zitatform
Stevenson, Betsey & Justin Wolfers (2013): Subjective well-being and income. Is there any evidence of satiation? (IZA discussion paper 7353), Bonn, 26 S.
Abstract
"Many scholars have argued that once 'basic needs' have been met, higher income is no longer associated with higher in subjective well-being. We assess the validity of this claim in comparisons of both rich and poor countries, and also of rich and poor people within a country. Analyzing multiple datasets, multiple definitions of 'basic needs' and multiple questions about well-being, we find no support for this claim. The relationship between wellbeing and income is roughly linear-log and does not diminish as incomes rise. If there is a satiation point, we are yet to reach it." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Soziales Wohlbefinden in Deutschland nur schwach ausgeprägt: Untersuchungen zum subjektiven Wohlbefinden mittels eines aggregierten Indexes (2013)
Weick, Stefan;Zitatform
Weick, Stefan (2013): Soziales Wohlbefinden in Deutschland nur schwach ausgeprägt. Untersuchungen zum subjektiven Wohlbefinden mittels eines aggregierten Indexes. In: Informationsdienst Soziale Indikatoren H. 49, S. 12-15.
Abstract
"Das subjektive Wohlbefinden hat viele Aspekte, die sich, zumindest nicht vollständig, mit einer einzelnen Maßzahl erfassen lassen. Glück und Zufriedenheit - das Eingebundensein in die Gesellschaft sowie das Gefühl ein erfülltes Leben zu führen - gelten als Merkmale des subjektiven Wohlbefindens, die zwar von der Persönlichkeit, aber auch wesentlich von den sozialstrukturellen, kulturellen, politischen und wirtschaftlichen Voraussetzungen in einem Land und nicht zuletzt von individuellen Erwartungen abhängen. Das subjektive Wohlbefinden ist kein Abbild der objektiven Situation und wird von sozialen Vergleichen und Präferenzen beeinflusst, steht aber in Europa dennoch mit dem Lebensstandard in einem deutlichen Zusammenhang. Untersuchungen zum subjektiven Wohlbefinden im nationalen und internationalen Rahmen basieren überwiegend auf der Survey-Frage zur Zufriedenheit mit dem Leben allgemein, die auf eine übergreifende Bewertung des eigenen subjektiven Wohlbefindens abzielt. Alternativ, aber auch ergänzend wird die Nutzung von aggregierten Indizes vorgeschlagen (Diener, 2000). Messfehler sollen durch die Verwendung einer größeren Anzahl von Items reduziert und zudem die Untersuchung einzelner Komponenten des subjektiven Wohlbefindens ermöglicht werden." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Income comparison, income formation, and subjective well-being: new evidence on envy versus signaling (2013)
Welsch, Heinz; Kühling, Jan;Zitatform
Welsch, Heinz & Jan Kühling (2013): Income comparison, income formation, and subjective well-being. New evidence on envy versus signaling. (SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research at DIW Berlin 552), Berlin, 24 S.
Abstract
"Drawing on the distinction between envy and signaling effects in income comparison, this paper uses 307,465 observations for subjective well-being and its covariates from Germany, 1990-2009, to study whether the nature of income comparison has changed in the process of economic development, and how such changes are related to changes in the nature of income formation. By conceptualizing a person's comparison income as the income predicted by an earnings equation, we find that, while in 1990-1999 envy has been the dominant concern in West Germany and signaling the dominant factor in East Germany, income comparison was non-existing in 2000-2009. We also find that the earnings equation reflects people's ability more accurately in the second than in the first period. Together, these findings suggest that comparing one's income with people of the same ability is important only when ability is insufficiently reflected in own income." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Well-being over the life span: semiparametric evidence from British and German longitudinal data (2013)
Wunder, Christoph; Küchenhoff, Helmut; Wiencierz, Andrea; Schwarze, Johannes;Zitatform
Wunder, Christoph, Andrea Wiencierz, Johannes Schwarze & Helmut Küchenhoff (2013): Well-being over the life span. Semiparametric evidence from British and German longitudinal data. In: The Review of Economics and Statistics, Jg. 95, H. 1, S. 154-167. DOI:10.1162/REST_a_00222
Abstract
"This paper applies semiparametric regression models using penalized splines to investigate the profile of well-being over the life span. Using data from the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) and the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP), the analysis shows a common, and quite similar, age-specific pattern of life satisfaction for both Britain and Germany that can be characterized by three age stages. The evidence suggests that the U-shaped profile is a good approximation of decreasing and increasing well-being in the first and second stage. After people reached their late 60s, however, a decline in well-being is found in the third stage." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Third European quality of life survey: quality of life in Europe: Impacts of the crisis (2012)
Anderson, Robert; Dubois, Hans; Leončikas, Tadas; Sandor, Eszter;Zitatform
Anderson, Robert, Hans Dubois, Tadas Leončikas & Eszter Sandor (2012): Third European quality of life survey. Quality of life in Europe: Impacts of the crisis. Dublin, 163 S. DOI:10.2806/42471
Abstract
"What determines life satisfaction and happiness? How do we value our social situation and immediate surroundings? How has this changed with the economic crisis? For the third wave of the European Quality of Life survey, 35,500 Europeans in all EU Member States were interviewed, in an effort to gain insights to these questions. This overview report presents findings and trends and shows that the impacts of the recession are indeed noticeable and measurable in some areas, while in others there are more long-term developments to be observed. While overall life satisfaction levels have not changed much, optimism about the future and trust in institutions have declined markedly in those countries most affected by the downturn. And groups that were already vulnerable - the long-term unemployed, older people in central and eastern Europe and single parents - report the highest levels of material deprivation and dissatisfaction with their life situation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Weiterführende Informationen
Executive Summary -
Literaturhinweis
An analysis of well-being in retirement: the role of pensions, health, and 'voluntariness' of retirement (2012)
Bender, Keith A.;Zitatform
Bender, Keith A. (2012): An analysis of well-being in retirement. The role of pensions, health, and 'voluntariness' of retirement. In: The Journal of Socio-Economics, Jg. 41, H. 4, S. 424-433. DOI:10.1016/j.socec.2011.05.010
Abstract
"This paper examines a wide range of determinants of retiree well-being of retirees. Using data from the 2000 Health and Retirement Study, increases in economic factors such as income lead to higher wellbeing, although relative income has a larger effect than absolute income. The strongest predictors are the voluntariness of entering retirement, pension characteristics, and health. Retirees 'forced' to retire or have defined contribution pensions or bad health have significantly lower well-being. The results suggest a more nuanced approach in addressing retiree well-being than just a focus on the economic well-being of retirees." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Satisfaction with job and income among older individuals across European countries (2012)
Bonsang, Eric; Soest, Arthur van;Zitatform
Bonsang, Eric & Arthur van Soest (2012): Satisfaction with job and income among older individuals across European countries. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 105, H. 2, S. 227-254. DOI:10.1007/s11205-011-9879-5
Abstract
"Using data on individuals of age 50 and older from 11 European countries, we analyze two economic aspects of subjective well-being of older Europeans: satisfaction with household income, and job satisfaction. Both have been shown to contribute substantially to overall well-being (satisfaction with life or happiness). We use anchoring vignettes to correct for potential differences in response scales across countries. The results highlight a large variation in self-reported income satisfaction, which is partly explained by differences in response scales. When differences in response scales are eliminated, the cross-country differences are quite well in line with differences in an objective measure of purchasing power of household income. There are common features in the response scale differences in job satisfaction and income satisfaction. French respondents tend to be critical in both assessments, while Danish and Dutch respondents are always on the optimistic end of the spectrum. Moreover, correcting for response scale differences decreases the cross-country association between satisfaction with income and job satisfaction among workers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
How education enhances happiness: comparison of mediating factors in four East Asian countries (2012)
Chen, Wan-chi;Zitatform
Chen, Wan-chi (2012): How education enhances happiness. Comparison of mediating factors in four East Asian countries. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 106, H. 1, S. 117-131. DOI:10.1007/s11205-011-9798-5
Abstract
"Educational philosophers contend that education enhances autonomy and thus happiness, but empirical studies rarely explore the positive influence of education on happiness. Based on the previous finding that being better connected to the outside world makes people happy, this study examines the possibility that how well an individual connects to the world accounts for the positive association between education and happiness. Analyzing survey data from four East Asian countries, we find a common pattern among Japan, Taiwan and South Korea. Although both monetary and non-monetary factors play a role in explaining the relationship between education and higher reports of happiness, monetary factor is relatively unimportant whereas non-monetary factors, such as interpersonal network and degree of cosmopolitanism, account for a significant part of the association between education and happiness. China is exceptional due to its relative importance of personal income in accounting for happiness. In short, individuals who receive more education have more extensive social networks as well as greater involvement with the wider world; these life conditions are positively related with happiness. By enhancing one's ability and propensity to connect with the wider social world, education may improve an individual's subjective well-being." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Revisiting the structure of subjective well-being in middle-aged adults (2012)
Chmiel, Magda; Brunner, Martin; Martin, Romain; Schalke, Daniela;Zitatform
Chmiel, Magda, Martin Brunner, Romain Martin & Daniela Schalke (2012): Revisiting the structure of subjective well-being in middle-aged adults. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 106, H. 1, S. 109-116. DOI:10.1007/s11205-011-9796-7
Abstract
"Subjective well-being is a broad, multifaceted construct comprising general satisfaction with life, satisfaction with life domains (health, family, people, free time, self, housing, work, and finances), positive affect, and negative affect. Drawing on representative data from middle-aged adults (N = 738), the authors used three different structural models to analyze the interrelationships among these facets of subjective well-being. In a top-down model, a single factor representing global subjective well-being explained the correlations found among the more specific facets of subjective well-being and exerted the strongest influence on general satisfaction with life, satisfaction with health, and satisfaction with finances. In a bottom-up model, satisfaction with the latter two domains had the strongest effect on global subjective well-being. The authors discuss the implications of their findings for research on subjective well-being." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Happiness, habits and high rank: comparisons in economic and social life (2012)
Zitatform
Clark, Andrew E. (2012): Happiness, habits and high rank. Comparisons in economic and social life. (SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research at DIW Berlin 452), Berlin, 40 S.
Abstract
"The role of money in producing sustained subjective well-being seems to be seriously compromised by social comparisons and habituation. But does that necessarily mean that we would be better off doing something else instead? This paper suggests that the phenomena of comparison and habituation are actually found in a considerable variety of economic and social activities, rendering conclusions regarding well-being policy less straightforward." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Does education affect happiness?: evidence for Spain (2012)
Cunado, Juncal; Gracia, Fernando Perez de;Zitatform
Cunado, Juncal & Fernando Perez de Gracia (2012): Does education affect happiness? Evidence for Spain. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 108, H. 1, S. 185-196. DOI:10.1007/s11205-011-9874-x
Abstract
"In this paper, we study the impact of education on happiness in Spain using individual-level data from the European Social Survey, by means of estimating ordinal logit models. We find both direct and indirect effects of education on happiness. First, we find an indirect effect of education on happiness through income and labour status. That is, we find that people with a higher education level have higher income levels and a higher probability of being employed, and thus, report higher levels of happiness. Second, and after controlling by income, labour status, and other socio-economic variables, we find that education has a positive (and direct) impact on happiness. We interpret this result as evidence of a 'self-confidence' or 'self-estimation' effect from acquiring knowledge. Finally, we find that the direct impact of education on happiness does not depend of the level of education (primary, secondary, or tertiary)." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Individual well-being in a dynamic perspective (2012)
D'Ambrosio, Conchita; Frick, Joachim R.;Zitatform
D'Ambrosio, Conchita & Joachim R. Frick (2012): Individual well-being in a dynamic perspective. In: Economica, Jg. 79, H. 314, S. 284-302. DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0335.2011.00896.x
Abstract
"We explore the determinants of individual wellbeing as measured by self-reported levels of satisfaction with income and life. Making use of the German Socio-Economic Panel, we provide empirical evidence for wellbeing depending on absolute and relative income levels in a dynamic framework where status and signal effects play a role. This finding holds after controlling for other factors in a multivariate setting. The main novelty is the consideration of dynamic aspects: the individual's own history and the relative income performance with respect to other society members play major roles in the assessment of individual wellbeing." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Inequality of wellbeing: a multidimensional approach (2012)
Decancq, Koen; Lugo, María Ana;Zitatform
Decancq, Koen & María Ana Lugo (2012): Inequality of wellbeing. A multidimensional approach. In: Economica, Jg. 79, H. 316, S. 721-746.
Abstract
"An important aspect of multidimensional wellbeing distributions is the correlation between different dimensions. We propose two indices for measuring multidimensional inequality, derived from two underlying social evaluation functions. These functions aggregate both across dimensions and across individuals. The social evaluation functions differ only with respect to the sequencing of aggregation. Aggregating first across dimensions is more attractive since it allows the inequality index to depend on the correlation between dimensions. We illustrate both indices, and the impact of correlation sensitivity, using Russian household data between 1995 and 2005 for four dimensions of wellbeing: expenditure, health, schooling and housing quality." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
A "happiness test" for the new measures of national well-being: how much better than GDP are they? (2012)
Delhey, Jan; Kroll, Christian;Zitatform
Delhey, Jan & Christian Kroll (2012): A "happiness test" for the new measures of national well-being. How much better than GDP are they? (Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung. Discussion papers SP 1 2012-201), Berlin, 28 S.
Abstract
"Across the globe there is growing skepticism about the usefulness of GDP as a measure of national well-being. Consequently, several alternative quality-of-life (QOL) measures were developed which either aim at healing the GDP, complementing it, or replacing it. This chapter portrays some of these new measures and puts them to a 'happiness test': compared to the GDP, are the new QOL measures better able to capture what makes people happy and satisfied with their lives? Using data for 34 OECD societies, we can show that from a happiness perspective, there is - surprisingly - little wrong with the GDP, and most alternative QOL measures do not outperform GDP. Yet, one measure actually does a better job: the OECD's Better Life Index which is particularly effective when it comes to predicting subjective well-being in the richest OECD countries. In sum, the chapter demonstrates that a happiness perspective can add important insights along the way to facilitate the search for a new, widely accepted, internationally comparable measure of well-being." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Does self-employment contribute to national happiness? (2012)
El Harbi, Sana; Grolleau, Gilles;Zitatform
El Harbi, Sana & Gilles Grolleau (2012): Does self-employment contribute to national happiness? In: The Journal of Socio-Economics, Jg. 41, H. 5, S. 670-676. DOI:10.1016/j.socec.2012.06.001
Abstract
"Recent studies showed that self-employment impacts individual happiness either positively or negatively. Rather than considering the happiness effects at the individual level, we assess whether self-employment effects spread and impact the domestic happiness beyond the involved individuals. We distinguish a direct effect of self-employment on life satisfaction and an indirect effect through the impact of self-employment on per capita income and the subsequent impact of income on life satisfaction. Using panel data analysis for 15 OECD countries over a period of 18 years, we investigate empirically whether countries with higher levels of self-employment are happier, by disentangling the two previously mentioned effects. We remedy the potential endogeneity problem when estimating the indirect effect by instrumenting the self-employment rate. The main finding is a significant and negative direct effect which is larger in magnitude than the indirect effect, resulting in an overall negative effect of self-employment on the domestic happiness." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Exploring determinants of subjective wellbeing in OECD countries: evidence from the World Value Survey (2012)
Fleche, Sarah; Smith, Conal; Sorsa, Piritta;Zitatform
Fleche, Sarah, Conal Smith & Piritta Sorsa (2012): Exploring determinants of subjective wellbeing in OECD countries. Evidence from the World Value Survey. (OECD statistics working paper 2012,01), Paris, 41 S. DOI:10.1787/5k9ffc6p1rvb-en
Abstract
"The paper explores issues with assessing wellbeing in OECD countries based on self-reported life satisfaction surveys in a pooled regression over time and countries, at the country level and the OECD average. The results, which are in line with previous studies of subjective wellbeing, show that, apart from income, the state of health, not being unemployed, and social relationships are particularly important for wellbeing with only some differences across countries. The results also show that cultural differences are not major drivers of differences in life satisfaction. Correlations between the rankings of measures of life satisfaction and other indicators of wellbeing such as the Human Development Index and Better Life Index are also relatively high. Measures of subjective wellbeing can play an important part in informing policy makers of progress with wellbeing in general, or what seems to matter for wellbeing - health, being employed and social contacts - beyond income." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: OECD Economics Department working papers , 921 -
Literaturhinweis
Unhappiness and job finding (2012)
Gielen, Anne C.; Ours, Jan C. van;Zitatform
Gielen, Anne C. & Jan C. van Ours (2012): Unhappiness and job finding. (IZA discussion paper 6320), Bonn, 32 S.
Abstract
"It is puzzling that people feel quite unhappy when they become unemployed, while at the same time active labor market policies are needed to bring unemployed back to work more quickly. Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel, we investigate whether there is indeed such a puzzle. First, we find that nearly half of the unemployed do not experience a drop in happiness, which might explain why at least some workers need to be activated. In addition to that, we find that even though unemployed who experience a drop in happiness search more actively for a job, it does not speed up their job finding. Apparently, there is no link between unhappiness and the speed of job finding. Hence, there is no contradiction between unemployed being unhappy and the need for activation policies." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Life satisfaction among Turkish and Moroccan immigrants in the Netherlands: the role of absolute and relative income (2012)
Gokdemir, Ozge; Dumludag, Devrim;Zitatform
Gokdemir, Ozge & Devrim Dumludag (2012): Life satisfaction among Turkish and Moroccan immigrants in the Netherlands. The role of absolute and relative income. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 106, H. 3, S. 407-417. DOI:10.1007/s11205-011-9815-8
Abstract
"Social Indicators Research May 2012, Volume 106, Issue 3, pp 407-417 Life Satisfaction Among Turkish and Moroccan Immigrants in the Netherlands: The Role of Absolute and Relative Income Ozge Gokdemir, Devrim Dumludag ... show all 2 hide ' Download PDF (179 KB) ' View Article Abstract In this paper we investigate the role of several socio-economic and non-economic factors such as absolute and relative income, education and religion to explain the differences of happiness levels of Turkish and Moroccan Immigrants in the Netherlands by using ordered logit model. We focus on members of the Moroccan and Turkish communities, as these are the two largest non-EU immigrant communities in the Netherlands. Our findings reveal that Moroccans, although they have lower income levels and higher unemployment rates than Turkish immigrants, their happiness level is higher than the Turkish immigrants. In order to understand this dilemma a questionnaire survey was performed to 111 Turkish and 96 Moroccan immigrants in Rotterdam, Amsterdam, Den Haag, Utrecht and Arnhem in 2010. The main purpose is to investigate how reference group's self-reported life satisfaction is related to the level of absolute income; the level of relative income and other socio-economic factors. The main findings are that for Turkish sample relative income is significantly and negatively correlated with life satisfaction whereas, both absolute income (positively) and relative income (negatively) are significantly correlated with life satisfaction for Moroccan case." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Subjective well-being: keeping up with the perception of the Joneses (2012)
Guven, Cahit; Sorensen, Bent E.;Zitatform
Guven, Cahit & Bent E. Sorensen (2012): Subjective well-being. Keeping up with the perception of the Joneses. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 109, H. 3, S. 439-469. DOI:10.1007/s11205-011-9910-x
Abstract
"Using data from the US General Social Survey 1972-2004, we study the role of perceptions and status in self-reported happiness. Reference group income negatively relates to own happiness and high perceptions about own relative income, quality of dwelling, and social class relate positively and very significantly to happiness. Perceptions about income and status matter more for females, and for low income, conservative, more social, and less trusting individuals. Dwelling perceptions matter more for males, and for middle income, married, conservative, more social, and less trusting individuals." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Geschlechtsspezifisches Arbeitsmarktverhalten, Verdienste und Wohlbefinden im Familienkontext (2012)
Zitatform
Heineck, Guido & Joachim Möller (2012): Geschlechtsspezifisches Arbeitsmarktverhalten, Verdienste und Wohlbefinden im Familienkontext. In: H. Bertram & M. Bujard (Hrsg.) (2012): Zeit, Geld, Infrastruktur - zur Zukunft der Familienpolitik (Soziale Welt. Sonderband, 19), S. 209-230, 2011-04-28.
Abstract
"Zunächst analysieren wir auf Grundlage eines großen Mikrodatensatzes, der Stichprobe der Integrierten Erwerbsbiographien (SIAB), geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede in Beschäftigungsformen, Arbeitszeiten und in Verdiensten im längerfristigen Vergleich. Danach wenden wir uns den ökonomischen Auswirkungen von familienbedingten Erwerbsunterbrechungen zu und führen hierzu eine Kohortenanalyse durch. Im Anschluss daran untersuchen wir auf Grundlage des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP), inwieweit individuelle Arbeitszeitformen, -präferenzen sowie Flexibilitätsmaße mit Job- und Lebenszufriedenheit von (Ehe-)Partnern mit Kindern zusammenhängen." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Möller, Joachim; -
Literaturhinweis
Das Glück bei der Arbeit: über Flow-Zustände, Arbeitszufriedenheit und das Schaffen attraktiver Arbeitsplätze (2012)
Kaudelka, Karin; Hien, Wolfgang; Hofmann, Josephine; Harzer, Claudia; Thomä, Dieter; Schuh, Sebastian C.; Binswanger, Mathias; Schlichtenberger, Clara; Dick, Rolf van; Krauß, Harald; Creusen, Utho; Popp, Reinhold; Kilger, Gerhard; Ruch, Willibald;Zitatform
Kaudelka, Karin & Gerhard Kilger (Hrsg.) (2012): Das Glück bei der Arbeit. Über Flow-Zustände, Arbeitszufriedenheit und das Schaffen attraktiver Arbeitsplätze. (Sozialtheorie), Bielefeld: Transcript, 150 S.
Abstract
"'Glück bei der Arbeit' - gibt es das überhaupt? Warum ist Arbeitszufriedenheit nicht nur wichtig für Arbeitnehmer und Unternehmen, sondern auch für die Gesellschaft? Wie schafft man Arbeitsplätze, die zum Erfolgsfaktor werden? Dieses Buch liefert substanzielle Antworten mit Hilfe einer interdisziplinären Rundschau aus philosophischer und psychologischer Sicht, u.a. mit Erkenntnissen aus der Glücksforschung und Arbeitswissenschaft. Die Beiträge zeigen: Arbeit muss nicht nur Last, sondern kann auch Lust sein." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Reich und zufrieden? Theorie und Empirie zur Beziehung von Wohlstand und Lebenszufriedenheit (2012)
Zitatform
Keuschnigg, Marc & Tobias Wolbring (2012): Reich und zufrieden? Theorie und Empirie zur Beziehung von Wohlstand und Lebenszufriedenheit. In: Berliner Journal für Soziologie, Jg. 22, H. 2, S. 189-216. DOI:10.1007/s11609-012-0183-2
Abstract
"Die komplexe Beziehung von Einkommen und Lebenszufriedenheit kann auf verschiedene moderierende Einflüsse zurückgeführt werden. Dazu zählen die Befriedigung materieller Grundbedürfnisse, soziale Vergleiche und Gewöhnungsprozesse. Diese Teilerklärungen werden mit Daten des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (1992 - 2008) sowie einer eigens durchgeführten Erhebung in München geprüft. Alle drei Mechanismen erweisen sich für die Erklärung des nichtlinearen Zusammenhangs zwischen Einkommen und Lebenszufriedenheit als empirisch relevant. Oberhalb einer Schwelle von ca. 800 EURO monatlich verfügbarem Einkommen steigern Wohlstandsverbesserungen die Lebenszufriedenheit nur noch unwesentlich. Dieser Befund bietet sich daher für eine empirisch angeleitete Definition von Reichtum an. Überdies haben Einkünfte aus Vermögensbeständen keinen nennenswerten Einfluss auf das Wohlbefinden. Die Bedeutung von Einkommensvergleichen zeigt sich schwach in Bezug auf nachbarschaftliche Referenzwerte und deutlich stärker in Bezug auf spezifische Referenzgruppen wie Durchschnittsbürger oder Kollegen, nicht aber in Bezug auf Verwandte oder Freunde. Die Panelergebnisse stützen die Hypothesen zu Anspruchsniveau und Gewöhnung. Hierbei zeigt sich, dass Einkommensverluste die Lebenszufriedenheit stärker beeinflussen als -gewinne, ein Ergebnis, das insbesondere für Bessergestellte, nicht aber für Arme gilt." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Partnership, gender roles and the well-being cost of unemployment (2012)
Zitatform
Knabe, Andreas, Ronnie Schöb & Joachim Weimann (2012): Partnership, gender roles and the well-being cost of unemployment. (CESifo working paper 3932), München, 29 S.
Abstract
"We use the differences between life satisfaction and emotional well-being of employed and unemployed persons to analyze how a person's employment status affects cognitive well-being. Our results show that unemployment has a negative impact on cognitive, but not on affective well-being, which we interpret as a loss in identity utility. Living in a partnership strengthens the loss in identity utility of men, but weakens that of women. Unemployment of a person's partner reduces the identity loss of unemployed men, but raises it for women. These results suggest that the unemployed's feeling of identity is affected by traditional gender roles, while this does not seem to be the case for the affective part of their subjective well-being." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Income comparisons among neighbours and satisfaction in East and West Germany (2012)
Knies, Gundi;Zitatform
Knies, Gundi (2012): Income comparisons among neighbours and satisfaction in East and West Germany. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 106, H. 3, S. 471-489. DOI:10.1007/s11205-011-9818-5
Abstract
"A series of studies have suggested that changes in others' income may be perceived differently in post-transition and capitalist societies. This paper draws on the German Socio-economic Panel Study (SOEP) matched with micro-marketing indicators of population characteristics in very tightly drawn neighbourhoods to investigate whether reactions to changes in their neighbours' income divide the German nation. We find that the neighbourhood income effect for West Germany is negative (which is in line with the 'relative income' hypothesis) and slightly more marked in neighbourhoods that may be assumed to be places where social interactions between neighbours take place. In contrast, the coefficients on neighbourhood income in East Germany are positive (which is consistent with the 'signalling' hypothesis), but statistically not significant. This suggests not only that there is a divide between East and West Germany, but also that neighbours may not be a relevant comparison group in societies that have comparatively low levels of neighbouring." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Don't worry, be happy? Happiness and reemployment (2012)
Krause, Annabelle;Zitatform
Krause, Annabelle (2012): Don't worry, be happy? Happiness and reemployment. (IZA discussion paper 7107), Bonn, 31 S.
Abstract
"Subjective well-being is primarily treated as an outcome variable in the economic literature. However, is happiness also a driver of behavior and life's outcomes? Rich survey data of recent entrants into unemployment in Germany show that a significant inverted U-shaped relationship exists between residual happiness and an unemployed individual's future reemployment probability and the reentry wage. Residual life satisfaction displays higher (or lower) satisfaction levels than would be predicted by a number of socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. This paper is the first to show that happiness is mainly a predictor for self-employment and less for standard reemployment. Related findings suggest that happiness matters for male unemployed, and the concept of locus of control is able to explain part of the effect. If reemployment and higher wages are considered desirable outcomes for the unemployed individual and society, the shape of the effect suggests an optimal level of happiness, which is not necessarily the highest." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Getting older and getting happier with work: an information-processing explanation (2012)
Luchman, Joseph N.; Kaplan, Seth A.; Dalal, Reeshad S.;Zitatform
Luchman, Joseph N., Seth A. Kaplan & Reeshad S. Dalal (2012): Getting older and getting happier with work. An information-processing explanation. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 108, H. 3, S. 535-552. DOI:10.1007/s11205-011-9892-8
Abstract
"Job attitudes and subjective well-being (SWB) have important relationships with one another. Moreover, job attitudes and, to an extent, SWB are related to chronological age. Owing to a 'graying' workforce in industrialized countries, uncovering how age influences job attitudes is increasingly important. The present work explores the effects of cognitive-aging research on the item response process during attitude measurement. Research finds that older individuals attend selectively to positive affective experiences and weigh affective experiences more heavily during judgment than younger individuals. Based on cognitive-aging research, we propose an item-response process and hypothesize that chronological age results in a specific form of measurement non-equivalence. Our hypothesis is tested on 2 different samples of university employees, across 3 different job attitudes rooted in emotional experiences. Results indicate age-related measurement non-equivalence across all 3 attitudes such that older employees report more positive job attitudes than younger employees even when controlling for the latent attitude construct. Our findings suggest caution in interpreting of age-satisfaction correlations, focusing greater attention on understanding item response processes of older versus younger individuals and increased attention to job-related emotional experience for older employees." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Becoming (un)employed and life satisfaction: asymmetric effects and potential omitted variable bias in empirical happiness studies (2012)
Maennig, Wolfgang; Wilhelm, Markus;Zitatform
Maennig, Wolfgang & Markus Wilhelm (2012): Becoming (un)employed and life satisfaction. Asymmetric effects and potential omitted variable bias in empirical happiness studies. In: Applied Economics Letters, Jg. 19, H. 17, S. 1719-1722. DOI:10.1080/13504851.2011.652775
Abstract
"Becoming unemployed has negative effects on life satisfaction; a transition from unemployment to employment, however, has stronger positive effects in absolute terms. The asymmetry of the nonpecuniary effect indicates a potential 'omitted variable bias' in previous empirical happiness studies." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Migrant's pursuit of happiness: The impact of adaptation, social comparison and relative deprivation: evidence from a 'natural' experiment (2012)
Zitatform
Melzer, Silvia Maja & Ruud J. Muffels (2012): Migrant's pursuit of happiness: The impact of adaptation, social comparison and relative deprivation. Evidence from a 'natural' experiment. (SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research at DIW Berlin 448), Berlin, 36 S.
Abstract
"The German reunification, which several economists have called a 'natural' experiment, provides the unique possibility to inquire the impact of migration on subjective well-being (SWB). The main goal of the research is to assessing the impact of adaptation, social comparison and relative deprivation on the change in SWB associated with moving from Eastern to Western Germany after the German reunification in 1989. We suspect that the gains or losses in subjective well-being after migration are affected by the way migrants adapt to their new economic conditions, by with whom migrants compare themselves (that is, their reference group), their former peers in the East or their new peers in the West, and how well they integrate into the new society, that means whether they are relatively deprived with respect to earnings or not. We estimate fixed- and random-effects Generalized Least Square panel regression models. Our results indicate a positive and lasting effect of migration on SWB, although it is strongly suppressed by dissatisfaction resulting from the comparison of migrants' income with the incomes of their former peers in East Germany and the relatively higher earnings of their new peers in West Germany. Moreover, our analyses provide an explanation for the increase of SWB associated with an increase in income found in East Germany after the reunification; a deviation from the Easterlins' paradox." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Zum Glück wachsen: Sieben Weisheiten zu Wachstum, Wohlstand und Wohlbefinden (2012)
Neumann, Michael;Zitatform
Neumann, Michael (2012): Zum Glück wachsen: Sieben Weisheiten zu Wachstum, Wohlstand und Wohlbefinden. (Roman-Herzog-Institut. Diskussion 20), München, 32 S.
Abstract
"Wie gut ist das BIP als Gradmesser für Wohlbefinden tatsächlich? Geht Wachstum notwendiger Weise mit steigender Ressourcenverwendung einher? Stimmt die Behauptung, dass Einkommensungleichheit in einem Land zu geringerer Lebenszufriedenheit führt? Das RHI geht diesen 'Weisheiten' auf den Grund. Die Themengebiete, die uns Menschen direkt betreffen, scheinen prädestiniert für eine große Varianz an Meinungen und für die Entstehung von Mythen und vermeintlichen 'Weisheiten'. Das Roman Herzog Institut geht mit der Diskussion sieben von diesen 'Weisheiten' auf den Grund. Es werden empirische Untersuchungen herangezogen, mit denen sich Bestätigungen oder Widerlegungen dieser Weisheiten ergeben. Gleichzeitig finden Sie in dieser Publikation Verweise auf die Ausführungen der RHI-Experten, die gemeinsam zum Themenauftakt 'Wachstum, Wohlstand, Wohlbefinden' bei einem interdisziplinären Workshop am RHI diskutiert haben." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Unemployment and happiness (2012)
Ohtake, Fumio;Zitatform
Ohtake, Fumio (2012): Unemployment and happiness. In: Japan labor review, Jg. 9, H. 2, S. 59-74.
Abstract
"Are unemployed people unhappier than employed people? To answer this question, this paper presents an extensive review of previous overseas studies and conducts an empirical analysis of the determinants of happiness in Japan. The main result in this study is consistent with that of previous studies; even when the income level and other individual characteristics are held constant, unemployment reduces people's happiness. This conclusion, if it is true, suggests that under budget constraints, to create jobs rather than to redistribute wealth to the unemployed may be more effective to raise people's levels of subjective well-being (happiness)." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Income and well-being across European provinces (2012)
Okulicz-Kozaryn, Adam;Zitatform
Okulicz-Kozaryn, Adam (2012): Income and well-being across European provinces. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 106, H. 2, S. 371-392. DOI:10.1007/s11205-011-9812-y
Abstract
"The majority of studies investigate the effect of income on life satisfaction at either individual or country level. This study contributes with analysis at the (sub-national) province level across West European countries. I use a unique dataset Eurobarometer 44.2 Bis that is representative of province populations in a multilevel model. Provinces are defined according to The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics at second level (NUTS II). Living conditions measured by regional income increase life satisfaction beyond personal income and national income. There is larger life satisfaction inequality between the rich and the poor in poor provinces than in rich provinces. Personal income matters more for life satisfaction in poor provinces than in rich provinces." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Income inequality and its consequences for life satisfaction: what role do social cognitions play? (2012)
Schneider, Simone M.;Zitatform
Schneider, Simone M. (2012): Income inequality and its consequences for life satisfaction. What role do social cognitions play? In: Social indicators research, Jg. 106, H. 3, S. 419-438. DOI:10.1007/s11205-011-9816-7
Abstract
"While it is generally agreed that income inequality affects an individual's well-being, researchers disagree on whether people living in areas of high income disparity report more or less happiness than those in more equal environments, thereby indicating the need to study how and why income inequality matters to the individual's well-being. Findings on group-specific reaction patterns to income inequality further fuel this need. Alesina et al. (2004) argue that a preference for inequality and the perception of the possibility of social mobility account for the indistinct relationship between income inequality and subjective well-being. Combining this hypothesis with previous research on social cognition and drawing on social justice theory, this paper aims to demonstrate the mediating nature of perceptions of income inequality. It argues that the perceived legitimacy of distributive outcomes and procedures contributes to how income inequalities affect individuals and their sense of well-being. The empirical analysis is based on data from the International Social Justice Project, developed from face-to-face interviews with a representative sample of the German population. Using structural equation modeling, the paper finds structural biases in the perception of income inequality. The paper concludes that subjective well-being is a product of the individual's perception and legitimating processes. The results indicate that social cognition is a useful tool for studies of income inequality and subjective well-being." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Alt aber glücklich: Führt eine schrumpfende und alternde Bevölkerung zu weniger Wohlstand? (2012)
Sievert, Stephan; Klingholz, Reiner;Zitatform
Sievert, Stephan & Reiner Klingholz (2012): Alt aber glücklich: Führt eine schrumpfende und alternde Bevölkerung zu weniger Wohlstand? (Berlin-Institut für Bevölkerung und Entwicklung. Discussion paper 07), Berlin, 23 S.
Abstract
"Die Alterung und die Schrumpfung der Gesellschaft führen in Deutschland dazu, dass der Wirtschaft in Zukunft weniger potenzielle Arbeitskräfte zur Verfügung stehen als bisher. Bis 2050 dürfte die Zahl der Personen im erwerbsfähigen Alter von 53,5 auf 38,6 Millionen Menschen sinken. Der Anteil der wirtschaftlich Abhängigen, also der Kinder und insbesondere der Ruheständler, an der Gesamtbevölkerung wird im gleichen Zeitraum deutlich steigen. Im Umkehrschluss bedeutet dies, dass der materielle Wohlstand unserer Gesellschaft von einem immer kleiner werdenden Teil der Bevölkerung erwirtschaftet werden muss und folglich bei gleichbleibender Leistung jedes Einzelnen abnehmen würde. Doch ist dies wirklich so? In den vergangenen dreieinhalb Jahrzehnten ist die eingesetzte Arbeit in Deutschland bereits relativ konstant geblieben, und das Wirtschaftswachstum fußte einzig und allein auf Produktivitätszuwächsen. Letztere können auch weiterhin für eine wachsende Wirtschaft sorgen, sind jedoch ebenfalls nicht immun gegen demografische Veränderungen. So dürfte die Alterung der Gesellschaft mittelfristig die Kapitalaustattung der Erwerbstätigen senken und könnte ohne politische Reformen auch die totale Faktorproduktivität negativ beeinflussen, die ausdrückt, wie effizient die vorhandenen Produktionsfaktoren Arbeit und Kapital genutzt werden. Letzteres wäre dann der Fall, wenn ältere Arbeitnehmer weniger produktiv und innovativ wären als jüngere, worauf verschiedene Studien hindeuten. Ob dies in Zukunft so bleibt, wird sich zeigen. Unzweifelhaft ist jedoch, dass der demografische Wandel das Wirtschaftswachstum unter sonst gleichen Bedingungen dämpft. Dies bedeutet freilich nicht, dass die Wirtschaft in einer schrumpfenden Gesellschaft zwangsläufig schrumpfen muss." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The psychology of quality of life: hedonic well-being, life satisfaction, and eudaimonia (2012)
Sirgy, M. Joseph;Zitatform
Sirgy, M. Joseph (2012): The psychology of quality of life. Hedonic well-being, life satisfaction, and eudaimonia. (Social indicators research series 50), Dordrecht: Springer London, 622 S.
Abstract
"The updated edition of this popular book covers up-to-date research on hedonic well-being (emotional well-being, positive/negative affect, affective dimension of happiness, etc.), life satisfaction (subjective well-being, perceived quality of life, subjective well-being, and cognitive dimension of happiness), and eudaimonia (psychological well-being, self-actualization, self-realization, growth, mental health, character strengths, etc.).
The book is divided in six major sections. Part 1 begins with a chapter that covers much of the history and philosophical foundations of the psychology of quality of life in terms of three major pillars: hedonic well-being, life satisfaction, and eudaimonia. This part also covers much of the research that has successfully made distinctions among these three major constructs and its varied dimensions. To establish to the importance of the topic (the psychology of quality of life), this part also covers much of the literature on the positive benefits of hedonic well-being, life satisfaction, and eudaimonia on the individual, the community, organizations, and society at large. Part 2 focuses on capturing much of research dealing with the effects of objective reality (objective factors grounded in real, environmental conditions) on hedonic well-being, life satisfaction, and eudaimonia. Specifically, this part captures the quality-of-life literature related to biological and health-related effects, income effects, other demographic effects, effects of personal activities, and socio-cultural effects. Part 3 shifts gears to focus on the effects of subjective reality on hedonic well-being, life satisfaction, and eudaimonia. In this context, the book reviews research on personality effects, effects of affect and cognition, effects of beliefs and values, effects of goals, self-concept effects, and social comparison effects. Part 4 focuses on quality-of-life research that is domain specific. That is, the book covers the research on the psychology of life domains in general and delves in some depth to describe research on work well-being, residential well-being, material well-being, social well-being, health well-being, leisure well-being, and the well-being of other life domains of lesser salience. Part 5 focuses on covering much of the psychology of quality-of-life literature dealing with specific populations such as the elderly, women, children and youth, and specific countries. Part 6 is essentially an epilogue. This part discusses a variety of theories proposed by quality-of-life scholars designed to integrate much of the literature on the psychology of quality of life. The last chapter covers the author's own integrative theory." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
Job characteristics and subjective well-being in Australia: a capability approach perspective (2012)
Suppa, Nicolai;Zitatform
Suppa, Nicolai (2012): Job characteristics and subjective well-being in Australia. A capability approach perspective. (Ruhr economic papers 388), Essen, 27 S. DOI:10.4419/86788443
Abstract
"Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht empirisch den Effekt von Job-Eigenschaften auf subjektives Wohlbefinden, wobei der Capability-Ansatz als konzeptioneller Rahmen dient. Zunächst wird ein Messmodell für vier latente Job-Eigenschaften mittels einer konfirmatorischen Faktoranalyse vorgestellt. In einem zweiten Schritt wird dann der Einfluss von Job-Eigenschaften auf die Lebens- und Jobzufriedenheit, mittels australischer Paneldaten, untersucht. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass (i) die vier latenten Job-Eigenschaften valide Konstrukte darstellen, (ii) positive Job-Eigenschaften die Lebens- und Jobzufriedenheit signifikant erhöhen, (iii) Job-Eigenschaften die mit Arbeitslosigkeit einhergehende Unzufriedenheit teilweise erklären können und (iv) dass das Kontrollieren unbeobachteter Heterogenität in derartigen Untersuchungen von zentraler Bedeutung ist." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Gender differences in subjective well-being in and out of management positions (2012)
Trzcinski, Eileen; Holst, Elke;Zitatform
Trzcinski, Eileen & Elke Holst (2012): Gender differences in subjective well-being in and out of management positions. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 107, H. 3, S. 449-463. DOI:10.1007/s11205-011-9857-y
Abstract
"This study used data from the German Socio-economic Panel to examine gender differences in the extent to which self-reported subjective well-being was associated with occupying a high-level managerial position in the labour market, compared with employment in non-leadership, non-high-level managerial positions, unemployment, and non-labour market participation. Our results indicated that a clear hierarchy exists for men in term of how status within the labour market was associated with subjective life satisfaction. Unemployed men were the least satisfied, followed by men who were not in the labour market, while men in leadership positions reported the highest level of subjective life satisfaction. For women, no statistically significant differences were observed among women in high-level managerial positions, women who worked in non-high-level positions, and women who specialized in household production, with no market work. Only women who were unemployed reported lower levels of life satisfaction, compared with women in other labour-market statuses. Our results lend evidence to the contention that men can 'have it all', but women must still choose between career and family in Germany. We argue that interventions need to address how the non-pecuniary rewards associated with high-level managerial and leadership positions can be increased for women. Such policies would also likely serve to mitigate the 'pipeline' problem concerning the number of women who are available to move into high positions in the private sector." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Well-being in Germany: GDP and unemployment still matter (2012)
Vatter, Johannes;Zitatform
Vatter, Johannes (2012): Well-being in Germany. GDP and unemployment still matter. (RatSWD working paper 196), Berlin, 31 S.
Abstract
"This paper examines regional differences in subjective well-being (SWB) in Germany. Inferential statistics indicate a diminishing but still significant gap between East and West Germany, but also differing levels of SWB within both parts. The observed regional pattern of life satisfaction reflects macroeconomic fundamentals, where labor market conditions play a dominant role. Differing levels of GDP and economic growth have contributed rather indirectly to regional well-being such that the years since the German reunification can be considered as a period of joyless growth. Approximately half of the 'satisfaction gap' between East and West Germany can be attributed to differing macroeconomic conditions. Moreover, we argue that it is advisable for governments to collect more data on aspects that presumably influence the well-being of society. For example, it is highly probable that reliable data on regional income inequality would lead to several important and influential studies. This, in turn, can help to design indicators for those characteristics which are known for affecting SWB. In total, we do not perceive any fundamental caveat for using data on SWB in order to measure welfare directly, at least within culturally and linguistically homogenous regions. To reduce statistical uncertainty, however, it would be helpful to include subjective information of this kind into larger cross-sectional surveys such as common census data." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Country-specific life satisfaction effects of unemployment: does labour market policy matter? (2012)
Wulfgramm, Melike;Zitatform
Wulfgramm, Melike (2012): Country-specific life satisfaction effects of unemployment. Does labour market policy matter? (ZeS-Arbeitspapier 2012/07), Bremen, 32 S.
Abstract
"Das Leben aller Bürger wird durch die Ausgestaltung des Wohlfahrtsstaats gerahmt und dies gilt in besonderem Maße für diejenigen, die auf Unterstützung durch den Sozialstaat angewiesen sind. Doch inwiefern lassen sich die Unterschiede im subjektiven Wohlbefinden von europäischen Arbeitslosen durch die nationale Ausgestaltung der Arbeitsmarktpolitik erklären? Dieses Paper untersucht den moderierenden Einfluss der Generosität und des Designs aktiver und passiver Arbeitsmarktpolitik auf die Lebenszufriedenheit der betroffenen Arbeitslosen. Hierzu werden die Umfragedaten von 4 Wellen des European Social Surveys gemeinsam mit arbeitsmarktpolitischen Makrodaten in einer Mehrebenenanalyse untersucht. Während sich der negative Lebenszufriedenheitseffekt von Arbeitslosigkeit in allen Ländern bestätigt, zeigt sich ein überraschend starker moderierender Effekt der Generosität der Arbeitslosenunterstützung: Der nachteilige Effekt von Arbeitslosigkeit verdoppelt sich in Ländern mit eingeschränkten Leistungen im Vergleich zu großzügigeren Ländern beinahe. Hierbei finden sich Hinweise auf nichtpekuniäre sowie Ressourcenmechanismen. Der positive moderierende Effekt der aktiven Arbeitsmarktpolitik stellt sich hingegen als deutlich weniger robust dar." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Deprivation, social exclusion and subjective well-being (2011)
Zitatform
Bellani, Luna & Conchita D'Ambrosio (2011): Deprivation, social exclusion and subjective well-being. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 104, H. 1, S. 67-86. DOI:10.1007/s11205-010-9718-0
Abstract
"This paper aims at investigating empirically the relationship between self-declared satisfaction with life and an individual's well-being as measured by the indices of deprivation and social exclusion proposed in the income distribution literature. Results on European countries show that life satisfaction decreases with an increase in deprivation and exclusion after controlling for individual's income, relative income and other influential factors in a multivariate setting." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Job security and employee well-being: evidence from matched survey and register data (2011)
Zitatform
Böckerman, Petri, Pekka Ilmakunnas & Edvard Johansson (2011): Job security and employee well-being. Evidence from matched survey and register data. In: Labour economics, Jg. 18, H. 4, S. 547-554. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2010.12.011
Abstract
"We examine the effects of establishment- and industry-level labor market turnover on employees' well-being. The linked employer-employee panel data contain both survey information on employees' subjective well-being and comprehensive register-based information on job and worker flows. We test for the existence of compensating wage differentials by explaining wages and job satisfaction with average uncertainties, measured by an indicator for a high excessive turnover (churning) rate. The results are consistent with the theory of compensating wage differentials, since high uncertainty increases real wages, but high uncertainty has no effect on job satisfaction while not controlling for wages." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The effect of subsidized employment on happiness (2011)
Crost, Benjamin;Zitatform
Crost, Benjamin (2011): The effect of subsidized employment on happiness. (SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research at DIW Berlin 384), Berlin, 43 S.
Abstract
"While a large body of evidence suggests that unemployment and self-reported happiness are negatively correlated, it is not clear whether this reflects a causal effect of unemployment on happiness and whether subsidized employment can increase the happiness of the unemployed. To close this gap, this paper estimates the causal effect of a type of subsidized employment projects - Germany's Arbeitsbeschaffungsmaßnahmen - on self- reported happiness. Results from matching and fixed effects estimators suggest that subsidized employment has a large and statistically significant positive effect on the happiness of individuals who would otherwise have been unemployed. Detailed panel data on pre- and post-project happiness suggests that this effect can neither be explained by self-selection of happier individuals into employment nor by the higher incomes of the employed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Age, life-satisfaction, and relative income (2011)
Zitatform
Fitzroy, Felix, Michael Nolan & Max Friedrich Steinhardt (2011): Age, life-satisfaction, and relative income. (IZA discussion paper 6045), Bonn, 25 S.
Abstract
"We first confirm previous results with the German Socio-economic Panel, and obtain strong negative effects of comparison income. However, when we split the sample by age, we find quite different results for reference income. The effects on life-satisfaction are positive and significant for those under 46, consistent with Hirschman's (1973) 'tunnel effect', and only negative (and larger than in the full sample) for those over 46, when relative deprivation dominates. Thus for young respondents, reference income's signalling role, indicating potential future prospects, can outweigh relative deprivation effects. Own-income effects are also larger for the older sample, and of greater magnitude than the comparison income effect. In East Germany the reference income effects are insignificant for all age groups." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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auch erschienen als: HWWI research paper , 110 -
Literaturhinweis
Sicherheit macht zufrieden: wie Verunsicherung die Zufriedenheit mit der Arbeit beeinträchtigt (2011)
Hardering, Friedericke; Bergheim, Stefan;Zitatform
Hardering, Friedericke & Stefan Bergheim (2011): Sicherheit macht zufrieden. Wie Verunsicherung die Zufriedenheit mit der Arbeit beeinträchtigt. Frankfurt, M., 33 S.
Abstract
Untersucht werden die Auswirkungen der wahrgenommene Arbeitsplatzunsicherheit auf die Arbeitszufriedenheit. Hierzu werden einschlägige Studien für Deutschland ausgewertet. Arbeitsplatzunsicherheit hängt nicht nur von der eigenen Beschäftigungssituation ab, sondern ebenso von der Einschätzung der Folgen, die eine Kündigung nach sich ziehen kann. Die wahrgenommene Wahrscheinlichkeit des sozialen Abstiegs wie auch die erwarteten Konsequenzen desselben werden wiederum stark durch den sozialen Vergleich beeinflusst. Zudem fliest die aktuelle Konjunkturlage in die wahrgenommene Arbeitsplatzunsicherheit ein. Die Schlussfolgerungen dieser Studie sind: Für mehr Zufriedenheit mit der Arbeit ist nicht nur die Verbesserung der unmittelbaren Arbeitsbedingungen und die Vermeidung von Arbeitslosigkeit wichtig, sondern insbesondere die Verringerung der Arbeitsplatzunsicherheit in der Gesellschaft. Breite Wohlfahrtsmaße sollten neben dem subjektiven Wohlbefinden auch ein Maß für gesellschaftliche Verunsicherung einschließen. Die psychologischen Kosten, die durch Verunsicherung bei 'objektiv' sicher Beschäftigten entstehen, müssen mehr Berücksichtigung finden. (IAB)
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Literaturhinweis
Work to live or live to work? Unemployment, happiness, and culture (2011)
Krause, Annabelle;Zitatform
Krause, Annabelle (2011): Work to live or live to work? Unemployment, happiness, and culture. (IZA discussion paper 6101), Bonn, 20 S.
Abstract
"Happiness drops when individuals become unemployed. The negative impact of the unemployment shock, however, may differ by cultural background. To test the hypothesis of a 'Teutonic work ethic', this paper takes advantage of Switzerland in its cultural diversity. By comparing different cultural groups in the same institutional setting, I empirically test whether such deep psychological traits have an influence on how unemployment is perceived. It is found that unemployment has a significantly negative effect on life satisfaction in Switzerland. I furthermore present evidence which confirms to some extent the hypothesis that Swiss German individuals suffer more from unemployment, although for the most part, these results are without statistical significance. Swiss Germans are additionally found to be happier than their French-speaking compatriots - independent of whether they are unemployed. This difference between Romanic and Germanic cultural backgrounds is in line with previous findings, but deserves further research attention." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Does migration make you happy?: considering the impact of migration on subjective well-being (2011)
Zitatform
Melzer, Silvia Maja (2011): Does migration make you happy? Considering the impact of migration on subjective well-being. In: Journal of Social Research and Policy, Jg. 2, H. 2, S. 73-92., 2011-12-01.
Abstract
"In the field of neoclassical economics, migrants are expected to move to improve their economic situation, but what are the effects of moving on the subjective well-being (SWB) of migrants? Using longitudinal data from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP) (1990-2007), I investigate the influence of migration from Eastern to Western Germany on SWB. The hypotheses in this study are derived from neoclassical economics and from the psychology literature. Following the rational choice framework, I expect that migration improves SWB in the long term. Fixed-effects models distinguish between the effects of unobserved heterogeneity, such as varying personality traits, and migration on SWB. The results reveal that migration has a positive, longterm effect on SWB. In addition, the favorable labor market conditions in Western Germany account for the increasing SWB that is reported by male migrants but does not account for that reported by female migrants." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Unemployment and well-being in Europe. The effect of country unemployment rate, work ethics and family ties (2011)
Mikucka, Malgorzata;Zitatform
Mikucka, Malgorzata (2011): Unemployment and well-being in Europe. The effect of country unemployment rate, work ethics and family ties. (LISER working papers 2011,14), Esch-sur-Alzette, 36 S.
Abstract
"Subjective well-being literature shows that higher unemployment rate corresponds to lower psychological cost of own unemployment. The goal of the paper is to deepen the understanding of this regularity by investigating the role played by the work ethics and the strength of family ties. I analyze the European Values Study data (2008) for 36 countries using multilevel regression methodology. First, starting from the “stigma hypothesis” I postulate that higher unemployment rate is associated with weaker work values, which correspond to less social pressure and feeling of guilt, in turn lowering the psychological cost of own unemployment. This is only partly supported by the data: whereas stronger work values lower the well-being of unemployed, the country work ethics has no effect. According to the second hypothesis, stronger family ties raise the well-being of the unemployed. This prediction is confirmed: people living in countries with stronger family ties and those declaring stronger norms for family support suffer less from being unemployed. However, the strength of family ties does not mediate the link between unemployment rate and effect of own unemployment. Moreover, weaker family ties contribute to lower well-being of unemployed in western Europe." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Does a better job match makes women happier?: work orientations, work-care choices and subjective well-being in Germany (2011)
Muffels, Ruud; Kemperman, Bauke;Zitatform
Muffels, Ruud & Bauke Kemperman (2011): Does a better job match makes women happier? Work orientations, work-care choices and subjective well-being in Germany. (SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research at DIW Berlin 361), Berlin, 36 S.
Abstract
"The study examines the effects of work orientations and work-leisure choices alongside the effect of genes or personality traits on subjective well-being (SWB). The former effects are assumed to be mediated by the match between women's preferred and actual number of working hours indicating labor market and time constraints. Data come from 24 waves of the German (SOEP) Household Panel (1984-2007). Random and fixed-effect panel regression models are estimated. Work orientations and work-leisure choices indeed matter for women's SWB but the effects are strongly mediated by the job match especially for younger birth cohorts and higher educated women. Therefore, apart from the impact of genes or personality traits preferences and choices as well as labor market and time constraints matter significantly for the well-being of women, providing partial support to the role (scarcity-expansion) theory and the combination pressure thesis while at the same time challenging set-point theory." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Subjective well-being and aggregate unemployment: further evidence (2011)
Zitatform
Ochsen, Carsten (2011): Subjective well-being and aggregate unemployment. Further evidence. In: Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Jg. 58, H. 5, S. 634-655. DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9485.2011.00562.x
Abstract
"According to the literature, individual well-being is negatively related to aggregate unemployment. This study examines whether the distribution of aggregate unemployment by duration affects well-being, in addition to the level of unemployment. Different explanations are provided to indicate how the shares of short-term (up to 3 months) and long-term (more than 1 year) unemployed people could affect the well-being of the employed and unemployed. Using data from almost 300,000 individuals from 11 EU countries, we find significant effects of both shares on life satisfaction. Among the unemployed, for example, we find a U-shaped effect of the distribution of aggregate unemployment by duration on subjective well-being, which compensates to some extent for the negative effect of the unemployment rate." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Happiness in Europe: cross-country differences in the determinants of satisfaction with main activity (2011)
Zitatform
Pedersen, Peder J. & Torben Dall Schmidt (2011): Happiness in Europe. Cross-country differences in the determinants of satisfaction with main activity. In: The Journal of Socio-Economics, Jg. 40, H. 5, S. 480-489. DOI:10.1016/j.socec.2010.10.004
Abstract
"Data in the European Community Household Panel are used to analyse the impact on self-reported satisfaction from a number of economic and demographic variables. The paper contributes to the ongoing discussion of the relationship between life satisfaction and income utilizing also the panel property of the data. We find an impact from the level of income only for a group of Southern European countries. For the same group of countries the difference between individual and average change in income has a significant impact on satisfaction. For all countries in the panel we find a significant impact from the change in the individual income situation over the last year. We find a strong impact from changes in labour force status and a strong negative impact on satisfaction from being unemployed and a somewhat weaker impact from being outside the labour force. Further, the level of and change in self-reported health has a strong impact on satisfaction." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Multidimensional well-being at the top: evidence for Germany (2011)
Zitatform
Peichl, Andreas & Nico Pestel (2011): Multidimensional well-being at the top. Evidence for Germany. (SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research at DIW Berlin 425), Berlin, 17 S.
Abstract
"This paper employs a multidimensional approach for the measurement of well-being at the top of the distribution using German SOEP micro data. Besides income as traditional indicator for material wellbeing, we include health as a proxy for nonmaterial quality of life as well as self-reported satisfaction with life as dimensions. We find that one third of the German population is well-off in at least one dimension but only one percent in all three dimensions simultaneously. While the distribution of income has become more concentrated at the top, the concentration at the top of the multidimensional well-being distribution has decreased over time. Moreover, health as well as life satisfaction contribute quite substantially to multidimensional wellbeing at the top which has important policy implications." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Quality of life in Europe: empirical evidence (2011)
Zitatform
Poggi, Ambra, Giulia Bizzotto, Francesco Devicienti, Patrik Vesan & Claudia Villosio (2011): Quality of life in Europe. Empirical evidence. (Walqing working paper 2011-04), Moncalieri, 58 S.
Abstract
In dem Bericht werden neuere Daten über die Lebensqualität der europäischen Bevölkerung aus den Jahren 2006 und 2007 dargestellt und kommentiert. Insbesondere die Einkommensverhältnisse sowie die Lebensbedingungen von Berufstätigen werden dabei herangezogen. Es werden insgesamt vier Typen der Lebensqualität analysiert: (1) Materielles Wohlbefinden, (2) Soziale Integration, (3) Gesundheitliches Wohlbefinden und (4) Subjektives Wohlbefinden. Die Zufriedenheit hängt in sehr starkem Maße vom Arbeitsstatus ab. Arbeitslose gehören erwartungsgemäß in allen vier Kategorien zu den Verlierern. (IAB)
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Literaturhinweis
If happiness is relative, against whom do we compare ourselves?: implications for labour supply (2011)
Pérez-Asenjo, Eduardo;Zitatform
Pérez-Asenjo, Eduardo (2011): If happiness is relative, against whom do we compare ourselves? Implications for labour supply. In: Journal of population economics, Jg. 24, H. 4, S. 1411-1442. DOI:10.1007/s00148-010-0322-z
Abstract
"This paper addresses two important issues: the nature of the reference group to which individuals compare themselves, and the implications of social comparisons for labour supply. It identifies age as the main characteristic defining the reference group. Race, sex and religion are other relevant features in its determination. It provides micro-level evidence that social comparisons influence the hours an individual works. Specifically, if her income is lower than her reference group income, she will work more. It also shows that for males, white people and people living in rural areas the effect of relative income on both happiness and labour supply is greater." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The relation between life satisfaction and the material situation: a re-evaluation using alternative measures (2010)
Zitatform
Christoph, Bernhard (2010): The relation between life satisfaction and the material situation. A re-evaluation using alternative measures. In: Social indicators research, Jg. 98, H. 3, S. 475-499. DOI:10.1007/s11205-009-9552-4
Abstract
Eines der überraschendsten Forschungsergebnisse ist der schwache Zusammenhang zwischen der materiellen Situation eines Individuums und seinem subjektiven Wohlbefinden. In jüngster Zeit wurde deshalb verstärkt danach gefragt, ob das Einkommen als Indikator für die materielle Situation ausreichend ist. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird gezeigt, dass unter Einbeziehung alternativer Maße für die materielle Situation der Zusammenhang zwischen der materiellen Situation und subjektiven Wohlbefinden wohl doch stärker ausfällt. Der Autor gibt einen Überblick über verschiedene Ansätze zur Messung der materiellen Situation und schlägt die Anwendung eines sogenannten Deprivations-Ansatzes aus der Armutsforschung vor. Er argumentiert, dass sich dieser besser als Einkommen oder Vermögen zur Analyse des genannten Zusammenhangs eignet. Diese Hypothese wird anhand von drei verschiedenen deutschen Datensätzen überprüft. Es zeigt sich, dass in allen Fällen Deprivations-Maße besser zur Erklärung von Unterschieden im subjektiven Wohlbefinden geeignet sind. Da beide Ansätze unterschiedliche Aspekte der materiellen Situation aufzeigen, wird eine Kombination beider Ansätze als Alternative vorgeschlagen. (IAB)
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Literaturhinweis
Boon or bane? Others' unemployment, well-being and job insecurity (2010)
Zitatform
Clark, Andrew, Andreas Knabe & Steffen Rätzel (2010): Boon or bane? Others' unemployment, well-being and job insecurity. In: Labour economics, Jg. 17, H. 1, S. 52-61. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2009.05.007
Abstract
"The social norm of unemployment suggests that aggregate unemployment reduces the well-being of the employed, but has a far smaller effect on the unemployed. We use German panel data to reproduce this standard result, but then suggest that the appropriate distinction may not be between employment and unemployment, but rather between higher and lower levels of labour-market security, at least for men. Men with good job prospects, both employed and unemployed, are strongly negatively affected by regional unemployment. However, insecure employed men and poor-prospect unemployed men are less negatively, or even positively, affected. There is however no clear relationship for women. We analyse labour-market inequality and unemployment hysteresis in the light of our results." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
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Literaturhinweis
Work and well-being (2010)
Zitatform
Clark, Andrew E. (2010): Work and well-being. In: CESifo DICE report, Jg. 8, H. 4, S. 17-21.
Abstract
Zwei Forschungsfragen bezüglich Arbeit und Zufriedenheit werden in dem Beitrag diskutiert. Zum einen wird der Zusammenhang zwischen Arbeitsmarktstatus und Zufriedenheit thematisiert. Ist die subjektive Zufriedenheit von Arbeitslosen geringer als die Zufriedenheit von abhängig Beschäftigten? Und ist die subjektive Zufriedenheit von Selbständigen höher als die Zufriedenheit von abhängig Beschäftigten? Sind Rentner zufrieden mit ihrem Berufsausstieg? Wird der Erwerbsstatus freiwillig gewählt oder spielen Zwänge eine Rolle? Zweites Thema ist der Zusammenhang zwischen Arbeitsplatzmerkmalen und Zufriedenheit. Arbeitsplatzqualität wird hier nicht nur als eine objektiv messbare Größe betrachtet, sondern auch in ihrer subjektiven Dimension. Berücksichtigt man diese Heterogenität bei der Bewertung von Arbeit, dann lassen sich auch die Unterschiede in der Bewertung des Berufsausstiegs erklären: Die Zufriedenheit hängt hier sowohl von der Art der Arbeit als auch von der Zukunftsperspektive ab. (IAB)
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Literaturhinweis
International differences in well-being (2010)
Diener, Ed; Arora, Raksha; Kapteyn, Arie; Helliwell, John; Krilla, Amy; Kahneman, Daniel; Veenhoven, Ruut; Barrington-Leigh, Chris; Clark, Andrew E. ; Krueger, Alan B.; Di Tella, Rafael; Layard, R.; Fischler, Claude; MacCulloch, Robert; Graham, Carol; Mayraz, G.; Harter, James K.; Nickell, S.; Huang, Haifang; Oishi, Shigehiro; Chattopadhyay, Soumya; Picon, Mario; Easterlin, Richard A.; Sawangfa, Onnicha; Harris, Anthony; Schkade, David A.; Ingleheart, Ronald F.; Smith, James P.; Fortson, Jane; Tortora, Robert; Deaton, Angus; Tov, William; Helliwell, John F.; Soest, Arthur van;Zitatform
Diener, Ed, John Helliwell & Daniel Kahneman (Hrsg.) (2010): International differences in well-being. (Series in positive psychology), Oxford: Oxford University Press, 489 S.
Abstract
"This is a major compendium of the principles and practice of well-being research explaining international differences in well-being. It combines psychology, political science, and economics to examine the well-being of nations. This book draws together the latest work from scholars around the world using subjective well-being data to understand and compare well-being across countries and cultures. Starting from many different vantage points, the authors reached a consensus that many measures of subjective well-being, ranging from life evaluations through emotional states, based on memories and current evaluations, merit broader collection and analysis. Using data from the Gallup World Poll, the World Values Survey, and other internationally comparable surveys, the authors document wide divergences among countries in all measures of subjective well-being, The international differences are greater for life evaluations than for emotions. Despite the well-documented differences in the ways in which subjective evaluations change through time and across cultures, the bulk of the very large international differences in life evaluations are due to differences in life circumstances rather than differences in the way these differences are evaluated." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Wohlstandsmessung durch Indikatoren zur Lebenszufriedenheit (2010)
Erber, Georg;Zitatform
Erber, Georg (2010): Wohlstandsmessung durch Indikatoren zur Lebenszufriedenheit. In: Wirtschaftsdienst, Jg. 90, H. 12, S. 831-839.
Abstract
"Das Bruttoinlandsprodukt ist als Maßstab für den Wohlstand einer Gesellschaft unzureichend. Aktuell bemühen sich verschiedene Organisationen, einen Indikator zusammenzustellen, der den Wohlstand besser abbildet. Auf EU-Ebene wurde hierfür ein Indikatorensystem insbesondere auch die 'Satisfaction Adjusted Life Expectancy' (SALY) vorgeschlagen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Women between part-time and full-time work: The influence of changing hours of work on happiness and life-satisfaction (2010)
Zitatform
Gash, Vanessa, Antje Mertens & Laura Romeu Gordo (2010): Women between part-time and full-time work: The influence of changing hours of work on happiness and life-satisfaction. (SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research at DIW Berlin 268), Berlin, 42 S.
Abstract
"This paper asks whether part-time work makes women happy. Previous research on labour supply has assumed that as workers freely choose their optimal working hours on the basis of their innate preferences and the hourly wage rate, outcome reflects preference. This paper tests this assumption by measuring the impact of changes in working-hours on life satisfaction in two countries (the UK and Germany using the German Socio-Economic Panel and the British Household Panel Survey). We find decreases in working-hours bring about positive and significant improvement on well-being for women." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Perceived job insecurity and well-being revisited: towards conceptual clarity (2010)
Geishecker, Ingo;Zitatform
Geishecker, Ingo (2010): Perceived job insecurity and well-being revisited. Towards conceptual clarity. (SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research at DIW Berlin 282), Berlin, 35 S.
Abstract
"This paper analyzes the impact of job insecurity perceptions on individual well- being. In contrast to previous studies, we explicitly take into account perceptions about both the likelihood and the potential costs of job loss and demonstrate that most contributions to the literature suffer from simultaneity bias. When accounting for simultaneity, we find the true unbiased effect of perceived job insecurity to be more than twice the size of naive estimates. Accordingly, perceived job insecurity ranks as one of the most important factors in employees' well-being and can be even more harmful than actual job loss with subsequent unemployment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Happiness and social policy in Europe (2010)
Greve, Bent ; Noll, Heinz-Herbert ; Klein, Carlo; Weick, Stefan; Jordan, Bill; Sirovátka, Tomáš ; Fors, Filip; Zupi, Marco; Cerami, Alfio; Saxonberg, Steven ; Berg, Maarten; Veenhoven, Ruut; Beblavy, Miroslav;Zitatform
Greve, Bent (Hrsg.) (2010): Happiness and social policy in Europe. Cheltenham: Elgar, 221 S.
Abstract
"Happiness has become a central issue in research in recent years. This book brings together researchers from around Europe to present, analyse and discuss the relation between happiness and social policy. Bent Greve demonstrates in this unique book, that research on happiness is important to understand and that the welfare state and social policy is essential in promoting more jobs, social inclusion and to a certain degree also a high level of equality. He highlights that while differences do exist among the countries studied, clearly social policy has a role in increasing happiness in Europe." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Glücksforschung: Stand der Dinge und Bedeutung für die Ökonomik (2010)
Hirata, Johannes;Zitatform
Hirata, Johannes (2010): Glücksforschung. Stand der Dinge und Bedeutung für die Ökonomik. In: (2010): Ordo. Jahrbuch für die Ordnung von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, 61, S. 127-149.
Abstract
"Die moderne Glücksforschung ist über die vergangenen Jahre überaus produktiv gewesen und hat zweifellos einige wertvolle Erkenntnisse zutage gefördert. Dieser Produktivität steht jedoch eine gewisse Orientierungslosigkeit und Heterogenität gegenüber - als Beobachter weiß man gelegentlich nicht so recht, worin denn das übergeordnete Ziel der betriebenen Forschung und die Bedeutung der jeweiligen Forschungsergebnisse bestehen. Ausgehend von einer Untersuchung der Voraussetzungen und Methoden der modernen Glücksforschung werden einige grundlegende Fragen und die mögliche Bedeutung der Glücksforschung für die Ökonomik kritisch erörtert." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
High income improves evaluation of life but not emotional well-being (2010)
Kahneman, Daniel; Deaton, Angus;Zitatform
Kahneman, Daniel & Angus Deaton (2010): High income improves evaluation of life but not emotional well-being. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Jg. 107, H. 38, S. 16489-16493. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1011492107
Abstract
"Recent research has begun to distinguish two aspects of subjective well-being. Emotional well-being refers to the emotional quality of an individual's everyday experience - the frequency and intensity of experiences of joy, stress, sadness, anger, and affection that make one's life pleasant or unpleasant. Life evaluation refers to the thoughts that people have about their life when they think about it. We raise the question of whether money buys happiness, separately for these two aspects of well-being. We report an analysis of more than 450,000 responses to the Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index, a daily survey of 1,000 US residents conducted by the Gallup Organization. We find that emotional well-being (measured by questions about emotional experiences yesterday) and life evaluation (measured by Cantril's Self-Anchoring Scale) have different correlates. Income and education are more closely related to life evaluation, but health, care giving, loneliness, and smoking are relatively stronger predictors of daily emotions. When plotted against log income, life evaluation rises steadily. Emotional well-being also rises with log income, but there is no further progress beyond an annual income of ~$75,000. Low income exacerbates the emotional pain associated with such misfortunes as divorce, ill health, and being alone. We conclude that high income buys life satisfaction but not happiness, and that low income is associated both with low life evaluation and low emotional well-being." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Income, happiness, and the disutility of labour (2010)
Zitatform
Knabe, Andreas & Steffen Rätzel (2010): Income, happiness, and the disutility of labour. In: Economics Letters, Jg. 107, H. 1, S. 77-79. DOI:10.1016/j.econlet.2009.12.032
Abstract
"We re-examined the claim that neglecting the impact of working hours on happiness causes a downward bias in the income - happiness-relationship. Pouwels et al. (2008), using cross-sectional data for Germany, found that controlling for working hours would substantially increase the impact of income on subjective well-being. Replicating their methodology, we find similar results. When we consider a methodology that has currently become standard in the happiness literature, including a panel dataset and the control for individual unobserved heterogeneity by including fixed effects, however, the results change considerably. Using this estimation technique and specifying the impact of working hours in a more flexible, quadratic form that allows for non-monotonic influences, we obtain results that suggest that the impact of working hours on happiness is rather small and exhibits an inverse U-shape. Since the magnitude of the effect of working hours is small, there is no evidence that leaving working hours out of the analysis leads to an underestimation of the income effect." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Second European quality of life survey: living conditions, social exclusion and mental well-being (2010)
Zitatform
Layte, Richard, Bertrand Maitre & Christopher T. Whelan (2010): Second European quality of life survey. Living conditions, social exclusion and mental well-being. Dublin, 83 S.
Abstract
"Over the past two decades, the concept of social exclusion has increasingly replaced the concept of poverty within the EU policy discussion on social vulnerability and disadvantage. It has been shown that unequal access to the labour market and poor living conditions negatively affect social participation and social contact, which in turn impact on the quality of life of Europe's citizens and lead to a sense of social exclusion. The second European Quality of Life Survey (EQLS), conducted by Eurofound in 2007, offers a wide-ranging view of the diverse social realities in Europe today. This report looks at the relationships between living conditions, social exclusion and mental well-being." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Pädagogik des Glücks: wann, wo und wie wir das Glück lernen (2010)
Münch, Joachim; Wyrobnik, Irit;Zitatform
Münch, Joachim & Irit Wyrobnik (2010): Pädagogik des Glücks. Wann, wo und wie wir das Glück lernen. Baltmannsweiler: Schneider-Verl. Hohengehren, 170 S.
Abstract
"Philosophische Abhandlungen zum Glück findet man zuhauf, das Streben nach Glück beschäftigt die Menschen schon seit der Antike. Die Zahl der Publikationen über Bildungstheorien ist ebenso Legion. Dagegen wurde bisher der Zusammenhang von 'Bildung' und 'Glück' eher weniger beachtet. In der vorliegenden 'Pädagogik des Glücks' versuchen Joachim Münch und Irit Wyrobnik diesen Zusammenhang zu erhellen, indem sie der Frage nachgehen, wann, wo und wie wir das Glück lernen können. Auf diese Weise geraten die verschiedenen Lebensabschnitte und Lernorte mit ihren jeweils besonderen Voraussetzungen und Möglichkeiten für Zufriedenheit und Glück in den Blickpunkt. Schließlich wird auch der Frage nachgegangen, wie wir 'Saboteure' des Glücks bekämpfen und 'Tore' zum Glück weit öffnen können." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)