Bedingungsloses und solidarisches Grundeinkommen – Konzepte in der Diskussion
Trotz günstiger Beschäftigungslage laufen Langzeitarbeitslose immer noch Gefahr, den Anschluss an den ersten Arbeitsmarkt zu verlieren. Zudem gibt es die Sorge, dass sich diese Entwicklung durch den technologischen Wandel noch verstärken wird. Wäre ein bedingungsloses Grundeinkommen die richtige Antwort? Kann ein solidarisches Grundeinkommen das Bürgergeld nach SGB II weiterentwickeln oder sogar ablösen? Dieses Themendossier stellt wissenschaftliche Literatur zum Thema zusammen und wirft einen Blick auf die aktuelle Diskussion.
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Literaturhinweis
Basic Income and Labor Supply: Evidence from an RCT in Germany (2025)
Bernhard, Sarah ; Schupp, Jürgen ; Bohmann, Sandra; Kasy, Maximilian ; Schwerter, Frederik; Fiedler, Susann;Zitatform
Bernhard, Sarah, Sandra Bohmann, Susann Fiedler, Maximilian Kasy, Jürgen Schupp & Frederik Schwerter (2025): Basic Income and Labor Supply. Evidence from an RCT in Germany. (CESifo working paper 11940), München, 45 S.
Abstract
"How does basic income (a regular, unconditional, guaranteed cash transfer) impact labor supply? We show that in search models of the labor market with income effects, this impact is theoretically ambiguous: Employment and job durations might increase or decrease, match surplus might be shifted to workers or employers, and worker surplus might be reallocated between wages and job amenities. We thus turn to empirical evidence to study this impact. We conducted a pre-registered RCT in Germany, starting 2021, where recipients received 1200 Euro/month for three years. We draw on both administrative and survey data, and find no extensive margin (employment) response, and no impact on on job transitions from either non-employment or employment. We do find a small statistically insignificant intensive margin shift to parttime employment, which implies an excess burden (reduction of government revenues) of ca 7.5% of the transfer. We furthermore observe a small increase of enrollment in training or education." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Fewer obligations for welfare recipients, more social and economic activities? Results from an experiment with less conditional welfare regimes (2025)
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Betkó, János, Niels Spierings, Maurice Gesthuizen & Peer Scheepers (2025): Fewer obligations for welfare recipients, more social and economic activities? Results from an experiment with less conditional welfare regimes. In: Journal of Social Policy, Jg. 54, H. 2, S. 374-391. DOI:10.1017/S0047279423000545
Abstract
"This article presents results of a Dutch randomized experiment, challenging the ‘workfare’ paradigm, which is dominant in many countries. We study whether social assistance (SA) schemes with fewer conditions and more autonomy for recipients stimulate valuable but often overlooked unpaid socio-economic activities (USEA), which are not classified as work. In the qualitative part of the mixed method study, we generated new hypotheses stating that particularly recipients who are older, higher educated, have a migration background, have relatively poor health, or have young children, will spend more time on USEA in less conditional and more autonomous regimes. The quantitative part of the study, where two experimental conditions are compared with the usual treatment of SA recipients, does not show convincing average treatment effects, but does reveal that a less conditional and more autonomy-oriented SA scheme translates into more USEA for older people, people with a migration background and people with relatively poor mental health." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Pilotprojekt Grundeinkommen: kein Rückzug vom Arbeitsmarkt, aber bessere mentale Gesundheit (2025)
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Bohmann, Sandra, Susann Fiedler, Max Kasy, Jürgen Schupp & Frederik Schwerter (2025): Pilotprojekt Grundeinkommen: kein Rückzug vom Arbeitsmarkt, aber bessere mentale Gesundheit. In: DIW-Wochenbericht, Jg. 92, H. 15, S. 221-229. DOI:10.18723/diw_wb:2025-15-1
Abstract
"Im Juni 2021 startete in Deutschland ein groß angelegtes Feldexperiment zum bedingungslosen Grundeinkommen. Zwei in diesem Wochenbericht zusammengefasste Studien untersuchen, wie sich bedingungslose Geldtransfers in Höhe von monatlich 1200 Euro über einen Zeitraum von drei Jahren auf das Ausgaben- und Arbeitsmarktverhalten sowie auf verschiedene Indikatoren der mentalen Gesundheit und des subjektiven Wohlbefindens auswirkten. Die 107 Teilnehmenden sparten rund ein Drittel der Geldzahlungen und damit mehr als doppelt so viel wie die aus 1580 Personen bestehende Vergleichsgruppe. Knapp acht Prozent der Geldzahlungen gaben sie für wohltätige Zwecke oder zur Unterstützung von Familien- und Freundes-Netzwerken aus. Die Teilnehmenden zogen sich weder aus dem Arbeitsmarkt zurück noch reduzierten sie signifikant ihre geleisteten Arbeitsstunden. Die Zahlungen führten jedoch zu einer signifikanten Verbesserung der mentalen Gesundheit und einem Anstieg der allgemeinen Lebenszufriedenheit sowie weiterer Indikatoren des Wohlbefindens. Die Ergebnisse liefern einen evidenzbasierten Baustein zur Versachlichung der sozialpolitisch relevanten Debatte von bedingungslosen Geldzahlungen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Cash Transfers, Mental Health and Agency: Evidence from an RCT in Germany (2025)
Zitatform
Bohmann, Sandra, Susann Fiedler, Maximilian Kasy, Jürgen Schupp & Frederik Schwerter (2025): Cash Transfers, Mental Health and Agency: Evidence from an RCT in Germany. (CESifo working paper 11989), München, 37 S.
Abstract
"Mental health and wellbeing are unequally distributed in high-income countries, disadvantaging low-income individuals. Unconditional, regular, and guaranteed cash transfers may help address this inequality by promoting financial security and agency. We conducted a preregistered RCT in Germany, where treated participants received monthly payments of EUR 1,200 for three years. Cash transfers improve mental health and wellbeing. These effects are substantively large and robust. Cash transfers also improve perceived autonomy, savings, prosocial giving, time with friends, and sleep. Our findings suggest that cash transfers improve mental health and wellbeing if they empower agency and meaningful life changes." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Basic income in crisis? (Hard) lessons from the pandemic (2025)
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De Wispelaere, Jurgen, Joe Chrisp & Leticia Morales (2025): Basic income in crisis? (Hard) lessons from the pandemic. In: Global Policy, Jg. 16, H. 1, S. 167-174. DOI:10.1111/1758-5899.13461
Abstract
"This short paper reflects on the key lessons we can learn from the political debate around and policy experimentation with (emergency) basic income schemes in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. While the pandemic crisis initially seems to have opened up a policy window for introducing a basic income as a crisis instrument, theoretical arguments and empirical observations strongly suggest the reliance of some basic income advocates on crisis events, such as the pandemic, to push forward their policy ideas involves wishful thinking rather than political reality. A feasible roadmap towards introducing basic income requires the hard work of raising public awareness, constructing broad constituencies, and building robust political coalitions rather than waiting for the next crisis to come around the corner." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Welfare versus Work Paradox (2025)
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Iacono, Roberto (2025): The Welfare versus Work Paradox. In: PLoS ONE, Jg. 20. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0321564
Abstract
"How can countries balance work incentives and access to welfare without violating the principle that work shall always be strictly preferred to welfare? In a context in which wages stagnate or drop, and benefit levels are reduced due to austerity measures, the welfare versus work paradox arises. This research shows analytically that when both wages and benefits approach the subsistence level, welfare becomes preferable to work, violating the work incentive principle. The policy implication of this result is that, to maintain the validity of the work incentive principle, minimum wages must be kept above the subsistence threshold." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
How basic income influences daily occupations: A scoping review (2025)
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Johansson, Marie, Anita Björklund Carlstedt & Inger Jansson (2025): How basic income influences daily occupations: A scoping review. In: Journal of occupational science, S. 1-21. DOI:10.1080/14427591.2025.2501946
Abstract
"The International Labor Organization forecasts an increase in unemployment and precarious work. These conditions entail occupational injustices through restricting engagement in daily occupations that are crucial for health and well-being. Basic income has been suggested as a possible solution for the forecast scenario. This scoping review explored how basic income influences daily occupations. Literature was searched through databases PRIMO, Social Science Database, Scopus ABI/INFORM, CINAHL, and AMED. Nine books, articles, and reports were identified, and included in a qualitative content analysis. Inductive content analysis revealed four main categories: Daily survival ensured, Another standard of living, Taking care and taking part, and Outlook for the future. The findings revealed the impact of unconditional basic income on both structural and contextual factors influencing daily occupations in terms of securing daily survival, improved performance of daily occupations, increased care and social engagement, and raised hope through opportunities to choose and plan for the future. Basic income may thus have the potential to promote occupational justice. This review contributes to occupational science with knowledge about how unconditional basic income can enhance opportunities to both choose meaningful occupations and reject deleterious and precarious occupations." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
What role do young people believe Universal Basic Income can play in supporting their mental health? (2025)
Johnson, Elliott A.; Webster, Hannah; Pickett, Kate E. ; Morrison, James; Johnson, Matthew T.; Nettle, Daniel ; Mathers, Alice; Thorold, Riley;Zitatform
Johnson, Elliott A., Hannah Webster, James Morrison, Riley Thorold, Alice Mathers, Daniel Nettle, Kate E. Pickett & Matthew T. Johnson (2025): What role do young people believe Universal Basic Income can play in supporting their mental health? In: Journal of Youth Studies, Jg. 28, H. 1, S. 175-194. DOI:10.1080/13676261.2023.2256236
Abstract
"The proportion of 16- to 24-year-olds in England reporting a longstanding mental health condition increased almost 10-fold between 1995 and 2014. Studies demonstrate an association between income and anxiety and depression, with bi-directional effects. There is also emerging evidence that cash transfers may mitigate, prevent or delay those conditions. This article presents qualitative data exploring the relationship between income and anxiety and depression and the prospective impact of Universal Basic Income (UBI) as a public health measure. Data was gathered from citizen engagement workshops with 28 young people aged 14–22 from Bradford, England. We present four findings: (i) participants believe that the current work and welfare system has a detrimental impact on their mental health; (ii) most participants believe that UBI would have positive impacts on their mental health by virtue of reducing financial strain; (iii) most participants appear to favor a UBI scheme with larger payments than have traditionally been proposed; (iv) participants believe that there are non-financial benefits of UBI, such as reduction in stigma." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Challenging the Justice of a Basic Income Policy When Focusing on the Homeless Population: A Case Study on Germany (2025)
Löffler, Verena;Zitatform
Löffler, Verena (2025): Challenging the Justice of a Basic Income Policy When Focusing on the Homeless Population: A Case Study on Germany. In: Basic Income Studies, S. 1-51. DOI:10.1515/bis-2024-0004
Abstract
"In a given society, those who are least advantaged would allegedly benefit the most from receiving a basic income. However, the merits of such a policy are generally debated according to the effects on society as a whole, not specifically on the most marginalized; thus, the potential benefits of a basic income for marginalized groups is unclear. To address this gap, I identify homeless people in Germany as the least advantaged and assess how this group would be impacted by a basic income based on real libertarian, liberal egalitarian, and republican theories of justice. Specifically, I show how introducing a basic income would affect the homeless population in Germany in terms of income, self-respect, and power. While a basic income could increase most of the homeless population ’s income and improve communal relations, the stigma attached to homelessness will only decrease insofar as the basic income policy helps people exit homelessness. Moreover, a basic income would decrease power imbalances between the homeless population and state agencies, but the policy’s effects on relations between homeless persons and fellow citizens, particularly landlords, are ambiguous. This article contributes to the theoretical discussion on a basic income, providing a new concern about whether such a policy is fair to the homeless population. Moreover, this article is relevant in practice, as the discussed effects may prompt avenues for designing future social policies that address the homeless population as the most vulnerable group in modern welfare states." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
(How) Would You Continue Working? A Comparison of Responses to the Lottery Question and a Basic Income Question (2025)
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Posch, Melina, Joachim Hüffmeier, Ali Cevik, Juliane John & Hannes Zacher (2025): (How) Would You Continue Working? A Comparison of Responses to the Lottery Question and a Basic Income Question. In: Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie, Jg. 69, H. 1, S. 1-14. DOI:10.1026/0932-4089/a000434
Abstract
"The introduction of a basic income (BI) is a controversial topic. A key psychological question is whether most employees would stop or, as suggested by lottery question research, continue working. We addressed this question through two surveys with 268 and 640 employees, examining their plans regarding working if they won the lottery (lottery question) or received a monthly BI (BI question) as well as their reasons for continuing to work. More than 90 % (Study 1) and more than 80 % (Study 2) of respondents planned to continue working in both scenarios. In response to the BI question, more participants indicated they would continue working as before and fewer planned to pursue a different kind of work or to stop working. Financial reasons to continue working were reported more frequently in response to the BI question. Our findings suggest that the generalizability of lottery question research to the BI is limited, which necessitates specific research on the BI." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Anreizkompatibilität eines Grundeinkommens (2025)
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Prinz, Aloys L. (2025): Anreizkompatibilität eines Grundeinkommens. In: Ordo : Jahrbuch für die Ordnung von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, Jg. 74, H. 1, S. 68-101. DOI:10.1515/ordo-2025-2006
Abstract
"Die Diskussion um eine bedingungsloses Grundeinkommen hat wieder an Fahrt gewonnen. Neben theoretischen Analysen der Arbeitsanreizeffekte stehen neuerdings Simulationen und Experimente als Methoden zur Erweiterung der Kenntnisse über die Wirkungen eines bedingungslosen Grundeinkommens zur Verfügung. In diesem Beitrag wird die Analyse der Anreizeffekte über diejenigen auf das Arbeitsangebot hinaus auf die Zeitallokation ausgedehnt. Insbesondere wird auf die Bedeutung der Befähigung (Capabilities) der Personen und Haushalte hinsichtlich der Zeitverwendung hingewiesen, die für eine effektive und effiziente Zeitallokation erforderlich ist. Darüber hinaus werden die Ergebnisse einer aktuellen Simulationsstudie und des finnischen Grundeinkommensexperimentes hinsichtlich der Anreizeffekte von Grundeinkommensvarianten diskutiert." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, © De Gruyter)
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Literaturhinweis
Macroeconomic Observations on Paying for and Funding Universal Basic Income (2025)
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Sawyer, Malcolm (2025): Macroeconomic Observations on Paying for and Funding Universal Basic Income. In: Basic Income Studies, Jg. 19, H. 2, S. 227-252. DOI:10.1515/bis-2023-0032
Abstract
"The paper undertakes macroeconomic analysis of Universal Basic Income (UBI). It focuses on issues of paying for and the funding of universal basic income. A number of proposals are examined and the limitations of borrowing and money creation for the funding of UBI are indicated. It is generally argued that funding of UBI should be examined in terms of funding through taxation. The effects of UBI on employment and national output and the macroeconomic limits on the scale on UBI in terms of work force participation and tax rates are investigated." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
(Un)conditional Basic Income and Participation Income: A Review of Its Micro- and Macro-Economic Effects (2025)
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Somers, Melline A., Ruud J. A. Muffels & Annemarie Künn-Nelen (2025): (Un)conditional Basic Income and Participation Income: A Review of Its Micro- and Macro-Economic Effects. In: De Economist, Jg. 173, H. 1, S. 205-244. DOI:10.1007/s10645-024-09447-1
Abstract
"This paper reviews 41 studies on the micro and macro-economic effects of (Un)conditional Basic Income (UBI/CBI), Negative Income Tax, and Participation Income related programs in middle- and high-income countries. These programs aim to provide a Guaranteed Minimum Income either for the population at large or for specific groups such as the unemployed. Compared to previous review studies in the field, it advances by examining the broader (un)intended effects on income, (mental) health, subjective well-being and social outcomes. We find that recent US/Canada studies re-estimating the negative labor supply effects found in older studies report much lower and even insignificant estimates. The studies on European programmes and experiments show slightly more positive but still mostly insignificant labor supply effects. However, more positive and significant effects on subjective well-being, mental health, and trust were found, particularly in recent European studies. Similar effects were observed in recent Canadian and US studies." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Poverty constructions and discursive strategies employed by participants in the Finnish Basic Income Experiment (2025)
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Tarkiainen, Laura, Helena Blomberg & Christian Kroll (2025): Poverty constructions and discursive strategies employed by participants in the Finnish Basic Income Experiment. In: Discourse & society, Jg. 36, H. 3, S. 422-438. DOI:10.1177/09579265241284649
Abstract
"In this article, we examine how eighty-one participants in the Finnish Basic Income Experiment discursively construct and make sense of their own and others’ poverty in face-to-face interviews. Using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), we identified three discursive strategies the interviewees use to engage with and challenge culturally dominant poverty discourses. First, poverty was constructed as a tragic experience attributed to external causes beyond individual control, such as precarious labor markets and governmental policies. Second, poverty was managed discursively through explicit and implicit moral judgements about other welfare recipients, which also highlighted the speakers’ own moral values regarding responsibility and self-sufficiency. Third, some interviewees discursively constructed their low-income status as a personal and deliberate choice to live an intentionally modest, sustainable or ‘deviant’ lifestyle. Overall, our results reveal how ideologically controversial sociopolitical experiments create a particular argumentative context in which poverty talk is constructed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Unconditional Endowment and Acceptance of Taxes: A Lab-in-the-Field Experiment on UBI with Unemployed (2025)
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Tena Estrada, Blanca & Nhat Luong (2025): Unconditional Endowment and Acceptance of Taxes: A Lab-in-the-Field Experiment on UBI with Unemployed. In: Basic Income Studies, Jg. 19, H. 2, S. 307-333. DOI:10.1515/bis-2023-0003
Abstract
"A universal basic income (UBI) would be a guaranteed income floor for both the employed and the unemployed, from which economic theory predicts a gain in bargaining power and a disincentive to work. For high earners, the increase in taxes necessary to fund this program would decrease their motivation to earn. To assess these aspects, we conducted a lab-in-the-field experiment at a State Employment Service office in Spain. The unemployed participants received either an initial unconditional endowment, framed under the logic of the solidarity condition of UBI (UBI treatment) – to examine the taxes’ effect – or as a participation fee (FEE) or no initial endowment (NONUBI). Subsequently, they faced one default randomized task from a set of four paid real-effort tasks. To study bargaining power, they could change the task up to three times and/or skip all tasks and conclude the experiment. In the FEE treatment, they yielded the highest earnings. While we did not find a statistically significant difference in earnings between the FEE and the NON-UBI treatments, the UBI differed from the NON-UBI and FEE. A likely reason could be a crowding-out of motivation by the pressure to reciprocate without believing in other participants’ deservingness of the UBI. In addition, the results reveal that females change tasks more frequently than males." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
A modest basic income can benefit a poor majority (2024)
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Amir, Rabah, Felix Fitzroy & Jim Jin (2024): A modest basic income can benefit a poor majority. In: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Jg. 224, S. 537-547. DOI:10.1016/j.jebo.2024.05.019
Abstract
"Given a general utility and income distribution and positive unemployment benefits, we analyze the impact of a universal basic income (UBI) financed by an income tax and reducing unemployment benefits. With extensive margins only and identical fixed costs of work, we show that UBI can benefit a poor majority. Plausible conditions can ensure similar results with different fixed costs. With both extensive and intensive margins but identical fixed costs, a modest UBI can still benefit a poor majority provided the income weighted tax elasticity of labor supply from intensive margins is less than the non-employment rate, which is usually true." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Zeitsouveränität, Neues Normalarbeitsverhältnis und Sozialstaat 4.0 – Plädoyer für ein Lebensarbeitszeitkonto (2024)
Amlinger, Marc; Zimmermann, Eileen; Kellermann, Christian; Markert, Cornelius; Schmidt, Jürgen; Winkler, Mareike; Jacobi, Aljoscha ; Petersen, Benjamin Henry; Neumann, Horst;Zitatform
Amlinger, Marc, Aljoscha Jacobi, Christian Kellermann, Cornelius Markert, Horst Neumann, Benjamin Henry Petersen, Jürgen Schmidt, Mareike Winkler & Eileen Zimmermann (2024): Zeitsouveränität, Neues Normalarbeitsverhältnis und Sozialstaat 4.0 – Plädoyer für ein Lebensarbeitszeitkonto. (IGZA-Arbeitspapier 4), Berlin, 137 S.
Abstract
"Die Diskussion um die Zukunft der sozialen Sicherung ist in vollem Gange. Wesentliche Triebkräfte sind (alte und neue) Einkommensrisiken sowie neue Anforderungen an Arbeitszeiten, die im Zusammenhang mit der zunehmenden Digitalisierung und Automatisierung von Arbeit stehen. Zentrale Diskursstränge sind dabei die Debatte über die Veränderung des ‚Normalarbeitsverhältnisses‘ und seine Zukunft in einem ,Sozialstaat 4.0‘, sowie die Debatte über ein ‚Bedingungsloses Grundeinkommen‘ (BGE). Im vorliegenden Papier analysieren wir die Entwicklung und Struktur der Sozialen Sicherungs- und der Arbeitszeitsysteme für eine kreative Weiterentwicklung traditioneller und neuer Ansätze zur Grundsicherung. Wir verfolgen die These, dass die heutigen Sozialversicherungen und Sozialhilfesysteme bereits wesentliche Bausteine einer Bürgerversicherung, sowie eines Grundeinkommens und von Lebensarbeitszeitkonten enthalten. Ihre Transformation in universalistische Institutionen zur Grundsicherung, die die selbst gewählten Arbeitsauszeiten finanzieren, kombiniert mit individuellen Freiheitsgraden der Einkommensverbesserung wird vor dem Hintergrund weiterer Produktivitätsgewinne der digitalen Revolution, kürzerer Arbeitszeiten und ‚Neuer Normalarbeitsverhältnisse‘ im 21. Jahrhundert realisierbar" (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
From theory to practice: Designing a European basic income (2024)
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Bollain, Julen, Jordi Arcarons, Daniel Raventos & Lluís Torrens (2024): From theory to practice: Designing a European basic income. In: Poverty & public policy, Jg. 16, H. 4, S. 323-351. DOI:10.1002/pop4.415
Abstract
"Basic income, a periodic cash payment unconditionally delivered to all accredited residents on an individual basis, has garnered a great deal of attention in recent years driven by rising inequalities, the failure of minimum income schemes, labor market transformations, and diverse basic income pilot projects worldwide. However, the successful implementation of a basic income requires a comprehensive and sustained effort. This research contributes to this endeavor by providing an unprecedented microsimulation analysis of the economic feasibility of a European Basic Income (EBI), demonstrating that it can be financed sustainably and equitably without reducing existing tax revenues. The proposed EBI, financed through a reform of the personal income tax and the introduction of common European wealth and greenhouse gas emissions taxes, ensures the material existence of all Europeans and fosters a more egalitarian European Union through its redistributive effects." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Bedingungsloses vs. haushaltstyp- und wohnortabhängiges Grundeinkommen: Simulation verschiedener Reformszenarien für Deutschland (2024)
Bätz, Benjamin; Becker, Susanne ; Isaak, Niklas; Englmann, Frank; Calisse, Frank; Thiele, Jonathan; Jessen, Robin ;Zitatform
Bätz, Benjamin, Susanne Becker, Frank Calisse, Frank Englmann, Niklas Isaak, Robin Jessen & Jonathan Thiele (2024): Bedingungsloses vs. haushaltstyp- und wohnortabhängiges Grundeinkommen: Simulation verschiedener Reformszenarien für Deutschland. In: Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik, Jg. 25, H. 3-4, S. 273-285. DOI:10.1515/pwp-2023-0036
Abstract
"Das Bedingungslose Grundeinkommen (BGE) zählt zu den bekanntesten Vorschlägen für eine Reform der Grundsicherung. Befürworter*innen erhoffen sich eine Vereinfachung des Sozialstaats. Frank Englmann, Robin Jessen, Benjamin Bätz, Susanne Becker, Frank Calisse, Niklas Isaak und Jonathan Thiele zeigen in diesem Beitrag, dass bei Einführung eines Grundeinkommens indes nur eine Auswahl an bestehenden Sozialleistungen wegfallen könnte. Die Autor*innen untersuchen via Mikrosimulation die Verteilungswirkung dreier Reformszenarien bei Einführung eines Grundeinkommens und gleichzeitiger Streichung ausgewählter Sozialleistungen. Die Gegenfinanzierung erfolgt jeweils durch Varianten einer Einkommensteuererhöhung. Wenn man zu erwartende Arbeitsangebotsreaktionen ins Kalkül einbezieht, sind die untersuchten BGE-Reformen nicht finanzierbar – zielgenauere Alternativszenarien, die den jeweiligen Haushaltskontext und die Mietkosten berücksichtigen, hingegen schon. Im Vergleich zum Status quo erfolgt in allen Szenarien eine starke Umverteilung nach unten." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, © De Gruyter)
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Literaturhinweis
Universal Basic Income: A Dynamic Assessment (2024)
Zitatform
Daruich, Diego & Raquel Fernández (2024): Universal Basic Income: A Dynamic Assessment. In: The American economic review, Jg. 114, H. 1, S. 38-88. DOI:10.1257/aer.20221099
Abstract
"Universal basic income (UBI) is an increasingly popular policy proposal, but there is no evidence regarding its longer-term consequences. We find that UBI generates large welfare losses in a general equilibrium model with imperfect capital markets, labor market shocks, and intergenerational linkages via skill formation and transfers. This conclusion is robust to various alternative ways of financing UBI. By using observationally equivalent models that eliminate different sources of endogenous dynamic linkages (equilibrium capital market and parental investment in child skills), we show that the latter are largely responsible for the negative welfare consequences." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))