Abstract

With the war in Ukraine, the topic of migration and gender is (again) present in the public media. Especially at the beginning of the coverage of Russia's war of aggression, images of women with children in need of care dominated, seeking protection in Ukraine's neighboring countries and EU member states, including Germany. The EU's decision to apply the so-called mass influx directive for the first time is associated with new social inequalities in regard to other groups of immigrants, including racial exclusion at border crossings.Due to the increased relevance of activating integration policy for different immigrant groups, not only in Germany, policies started to focus on labor market integration of female and male refugees and the participation of refugee girls and boys in education and training. The labor market integration of refugees is also associated with the discourse on a shortage of skilled workers, the Skilled Worker Immigration Act that came into force in 2020, and the reform proposals currently being discussed by the German government that may increase the chances of migrant women and men entering the German labor market. For female migrants, integration into the labor market after moving usually takes more time than for male migrants. The visible differences in migration circumstances and integration trajectories of immigrant men and women highlight the need for gender-specific research. In addition to occupational and labor market perspectives, there are multiple research gaps on the relationship between gender and migration.