Skip to content

Archives: IAB-Veranstaltungen

The results indicate an important role played by union wage spillovers in lowering wages over the 1980-2010 period.

In this paper we provide new estimates of the impact of unions on nonunion wage setting. We allow the presence of unions to affect nonunion wages both through the typically discussed channel of nonunion firms emulating union wages in order to fend off the threat of unionisation and through a bargaining channel in which nonunion workers use the presence of union jobs as part of their outside option.
We specify these channels in a search and bargaining model that includes union formation and, in our most complete model, the possibility of nonunion  firm responses to the threat of unionisation.

Our results indicate an important role played by union wage spillovers in lowering wages over the 1980-2010 period. We  find de-unionisation can account for 38% of the decline in the mean hourly wage between 1980 and 2010, with two-thirds of that effect being due to spillovers. Both the traditional threat and bargaining channels are operational, with the bargaining channel being more important.

IAB and the Network of European Labour Market Research Institutes (ELMI) organise a policy-oriented conference on `Securing Skilled Workforces in Europe´ in Brussels.

IAB and the Network of European Labour Market Research Institutes (ELMI) organise a policy-oriented conference on 'Securing Skilled Workforces in Europe' in Brussels on October 1st and 2nd, 2024. The event is open to EU policy makers and representatives of the European Commission as well as the Directorates-General.

This lecture examines the patterns and paradoxes in observed educational and labour market attainment of migrants and minorities.

The inequalities faced by immigrants and ethnic minorities are topics of substantial salience across Europe, reflected in an every-growing body of research. Despite the insights shed by this burgeoning literature there remain a number of outstanding debates and puzzles about what leads to better or worse outcomes and the underlying mechanisms.

The UK is an interesting case for illuminating some of these debates and puzzles, due to: the diversity of its immigrant and ethnic minority population, the richness of research base, and certain counter-intuitive findings that are at odds with theoretical expectations as well as evidence from other European countries. It thus has the potential to shed further light on what drives more or less unequal outcomes in different contexts.

Drawing on a range of research from across the last 20-years, in this lecture I examine the patterns and paradoxes in observed educational and labour market attainment of migrants and minorities, with reference to the role of class background, educational aspirations, neighbourhoods and social networks, cohort change and return migration, discrimination and policy to. I explore the gendered differences in such outcomes, and what that implies for our understanding of wider national ‘gender orders’. I reflect on what this body of work can tell us about the factors that shape economic outcomes in different settings, the need for greater attention to both migrant success as well as migrant disadvantage; and I assess the key outstanding questions and implications for future research.

A typical reaction in unemployment insurance (UI) is to impose requirements (backed by sanctions) on the quantity of job search. We evaluate the job seeker’s reaction.

A typical reaction to the moral hazard problem in unemployment insurance (UI) is to impose requirements (backed by sanctions) on the quantity of job search, aimed at ensuring sufficient levels of effort. However, is this the most effective policy strategy? It does neither take into account the intrinsic motivation of the job seeker nor the quality of the targeted search. An alternative policy strategy that encompasses such goals is to focus on job search autonomy.

Exploiting a policy change in a region in Switzerland which followed this aim, we evaluate the job seeker’s reaction to being granted more autonomy. Using rich procedural register data, we document the effects on quantitative effort, scope of search and ultimately on unemployment duration and earnings in the found job.

Our results show that the policy change increased the average duration of unemployment spells in the area by about 8%, while increasing average re-employment earnings by about 3%. Results are heterogenous, a main driver of the variety is the interplay of effort delivery and local labour market conditions, notably tightness. This finding highlights the relevance of search externalities. Furthermore, we provide some evidence of labour demand effects.

Joint work: Patrick Arni, Amelie Schiprowski

The effectiveness of the minimum wage on gender wage differences is examined.

With its introduction in 2015, the national minimum wage intends to benefit primarily low-wage workers in Germany. I examine the effectiveness of the minimum wage on gender wage gaps of full-time workers among the lower half of the wage distribution. Using administrative data, distinct regional differences in the extent of wage differentials and responses to the minimum wage occur. Overall, wage gaps between men and women at the 10th percentile decrease by 2.46 and 6.34 percentage points in the West and East of Germany after 2015. Applying counterfactual wage distributions, I provide new evidence that the introduction of the minimum wage decreases wage differentials by 60% to 95%. Group-specific analyses show various responses on the basis of age, educational level and occupational activity. Counterfactual aggregate Oaxaca-Blinder decompositions indicate a decrease in discriminatory remuneration structures in the West of Germany resulting from the introduced minimum wage.

The authors use employer-employee data to follow US workers' long-run employment flows and earnings after trade liberalization with China.

We use employer-employee data to follow US workers' long-run employment flows and earnings after trade liberalization with China. We find that manufacturing workers in more exposed counties flow disproportionately into low-skill services such as retail and temp agencies, and are more likely to exhibit nominal wage declines after seven years. Formal difference-in-differences analysis reveals that exposure to this shock operates predominantly through workers' local labor market versus industry, that greater upstream exposure via suppliers can offset the adverse impact of own and downstream exposure, and that workers initially employed outside manufacturing generally exhibit relative earnings growth as a result of the liberalization.

The workshop provides an opportunity for graduate students to present their ongoing work in the field of theoretical and empirical labor market research.

The IAB’s Graduate School (GradAB) and the FAU invites young researchers to its 16th interdisciplinary Ph.D. workshop “Perspectives on (Un-)Employment”. The workshop provides an opportunity for graduate students to present their ongoing work in the field of theoretical and empirical labor market research and receive feedback from leading scholars in the discipline. The workshop will focus on but not be limited to empirical research in the following fields:

  • Labor supply, labor demand, and unemployment
  • Evaluation of labor market institutions and policies
  • Education, qualification, and job tasks
  • Wage determination and life-cycle earnings
  • Gender, family, and labor market discrimination
  • Inequality, poverty, and intergenerational mobility
  • Migration and international labor markets
  • Regional labor markets and spatial disparities
  • Impact of technological change, digitalization, and climate change on the labor market

We welcome papers that apply quantitative, qualitative or mixed methods.

This study sheds light on the impact of different types of job retention programs such as short-time work.

This study sheds light on the impact of different types of job retention programs such as short-time work (STW).

We analyze the causal effect of an episode of STW on labor market outcomes up to five years later and compare this to the effects of sudden unemployment episodes. Using data from German Socio-Economic Panel (1992–2022), we employ an event-study approach to analyze the effect of unemployment and STW on career trajectories and unpaid care work.

Results show that workers with periods of short-time work have higher employment and wage stability than workers with periods of unemployment. There are no gender differences in the effects of STW on employment and hours worked.

This paper estimates experimental impacts of a supported work program on employment, earnings, benefit receipt, and other outcomes over a four-year follow-up period.

This paper estimates experimental impacts of a supported work program on employment, earnings, benefit receipt, and other outcomes over a four-year follow-up period.

Case managers addressed employment barriers and provided targeted financial assistance while participants were eligible for 30 weeks of fully subsidized employment. Program access increased employment rates by 21 percent and earnings by 16 percent while participants were receiving services. Though gains attenuated after services stopped, treatment group members experienced lasting improvements in employment stability, job quality, and well-being, and we estimate the program's marginal value of public funds to be in line with other adult workforce programs. Post-program impacts are concentrated among participants who were hired by their host-site employer post-program, suggesting that encouraging employer learning about potential match quality is a key mechanism underlying the program’s impact, and additional descriptive evidence supports this interpretation.

Machine learning methods provide no evidence of treatment effect heterogeneity in a broad sample of job seekers using a rich set of baseline characteristics from a detailed application survey. We conclude that subsidized employment programs with a focus on creating permanent job matches can be beneficial to a wide variety of unemployed workers in the low-wage labor market.