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We study the effects of robot exposure on worker flows in 16 European countries between 2000-2017. Overall, we find small negative effects on job separations and small positive effects on job findings. Labour costs are shown to be a major driver of cross-country differences: the effects of robot exposure are generally larger in absolute terms in countries with low or average levels of labour costs than in countries with high levels of labour costs. These effects are particularly pronounced for workers in occupations intensive in routine manual or routine cognitive tasks, but are insignificant in occupations intensive in non-routine cognitive tasks. For young and old workers in countries with low levels of labour costs, robot exposure had a beneficial effect on transitions. Our results imply that robot adoption increased employment and reduced unemployment most in the European countries with low or average levels of labour costs.

Gemeinsamer Workshop der Arbeitsgruppe „Soziale Sicherung im Wandel“ und der Kompetenzfelder „Erwerbsbeteiligung, Armut und Sozialpolitik“ und „Bildung vor und im Erwerbsleben“

Die von der Bundesregierung geplante Kindergrundsicherung sieht finanzielle Leistungen vor. Darüber hinaus können weitere Maßnahmen Kinder und Familien unterstützen. Hierzu zählen ein einfacherer Zugang zu staatlichen Leistungen sowie kind- und familienbezogenen Diensten, eine Stärkung der Infrastruktur bei Betreuungseinrichtungen und Schulen sowie die Förderung von Bildung und Teilhabe. Der Workshop thematisiert diese Aspekte, die über die Transferzahlungen für Familien hinausgehen, mit zwei Vorträgen.

Familiale Armutslagen, soziale Teilhabe und Zugänge von Kindern und Familien zu Leistungen und sozialer Infrastruktur

Dr. Christina Boll, Deutsches Jugendinstitut (DJI), Abteilung „Familie und Familienpolitik“

Der Vortrag beleuchtet die Erscheinungsformen von materieller und sozialer Deprivation von Familien sowie die Zugangshürden bei der Inanspruchnahme von kind- und familienbezogenen Leistungen und Diensten. Er zeigt auf, welche politischen Handlungsfelder sich flankierend zu einer ausreichenden materiellen Versorgung für ein gutes Aufwachsen von Kindern ergeben.

Auswirkungen von Sachleistungen und Unterstützungsmaßnahmen für benachteiligte Kinder und Jugendliche

Dr. Malte Sandner, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Forschungseinheit „Bildung, Qualifizierung und Erwerbsverläufe“

Die aktuelle Diskussion über die Einführung einer Kindergrundsicherung schließt Unterstützungsleistungen für die Bildung und Teilhabe von Kindern ein. In der Forschungseinheit „Bildung, Qualifizierung und Erwerbsverläufe“ befassen sich zwei Projekte mit diesem Themenkomplex. Das Projekt „Corona und Du“ (CoDu) fragt, wie sich ein kostenfreies Online-Nachhilfeangebot und die Bereitstellung von E-Book-Readern für benachteiligte Familien auf den Schulerfolg auswirken. Das Projekt „Pro Kind“ untersucht die Wirksamkeit einer aufsuchenden Unterstützungsmaßnahme im Rahmen der sog. Frühen Hilfen. Der Vortrag stellt Ergebnisse aus beiden Projekten vor und diskutiert sie vor dem Hintergrund der Kindergrundsicherung.

Gemeinsamer Workshop der Arbeitsgruppe „Soziale Sicherung im Wandel“ und der Kompetenzfelder „Erwerbsbeteiligung, Armut und Sozialpolitik“ und „Bildung vor und im Erwerbsleben“

Die von der Bundesregierung geplante Kindergrundsicherung sieht finanzielle Leistungen vor. Darüber hinaus können weitere Maßnahmen Kinder und Familien unterstützen. Hierzu zählen ein einfacherer Zugang zu staatlichen Leistungen sowie kind- und familienbezogenen Diensten, eine Stärkung der Infrastruktur bei Betreuungseinrichtungen und Schulen sowie die Förderung von Bildung und Teilhabe. Der Workshop thematisiert diese Aspekte, die über die Transferzahlungen für Familien hinausgehen, mit zwei Vorträgen.

Familiale Armutslagen, soziale Teilhabe und Zugänge von Kindern und Familien zu Leistungen und sozialer Infrastruktur

Dr. Christina Boll, Deutsches Jugendinstitut (DJI), Abteilung „Familie und Familienpolitik“

Der Vortrag beleuchtet die Erscheinungsformen von materieller und sozialer Deprivation von Familien sowie die Zugangshürden bei der Inanspruchnahme von kind- und familienbezogenen Leistungen und Diensten. Er zeigt auf, welche politischen Handlungsfelder sich flankierend zu einer ausreichenden materiellen Versorgung für ein gutes Aufwachsen von Kindern ergeben.

Auswirkungen von Sachleistungen und Unterstützungsmaßnahmen für benachteiligte Kinder und Jugendliche

Dr. Malte Sandner, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Forschungseinheit „Bildung, Qualifizierung und Erwerbsverläufe“

Die aktuelle Diskussion über die Einführung einer Kindergrundsicherung schließt Unterstützungsleistungen für die Bildung und Teilhabe von Kindern ein. In der Forschungseinheit „Bildung, Qualifizierung und Erwerbsverläufe“ befassen sich zwei Projekte mit diesem Themenkomplex. Das Projekt „Corona und Du“ (CoDu) fragt, wie sich ein kostenfreies Online-Nachhilfeangebot und die Bereitstellung von E-Book-Readern für benachteiligte Familien auf den Schulerfolg auswirken. Das Projekt „Pro Kind“ untersucht die Wirksamkeit einer aufsuchenden Unterstützungsmaßnahme im Rahmen der sog. Frühen Hilfen. Der Vortrag stellt Ergebnisse aus beiden Projekten vor und diskutiert sie vor dem Hintergrund der Kindergrundsicherung.

This paper examines age-specific individual preferences for the legal retirement age. Based on a theoretical model we develop the hypothesis that retirees prefer a higher legal retirement age than workers, whereby just retired individuals prefer the highest retirement age. We corroborate the hypothesis empirically with a fuzzy regression discontinuity design and show that just retired individuals are indeed most in favor of an increasing retirement age. We conclude that in aging societies the political feasibility of raising the legal retirement age increases. This result is of political relevance especially with regard to the expected retirement wave of the baby boomer generation.

In Evicted, Princeton sociologist and MacArthur “Genius” Matthew Desmond follows eight families in Milwaukee as they each struggle to keep a roof over their heads. Hailed as “wrenching and revelatory” (The Nation), “vivid and unsettling” (New York Review of Books), Evicted transforms our understanding of poverty and economic exploitation while providing fresh ideas for solving one of twenty-first-century America’s most devastating problems. Its unforgettable scenes of hope and loss remind us of the centrality of home, without which nothing else is possible.

We evaluate two policies that provide financial incentives for re-employment of job seekers at risk of long-term unemployment: (i) a re-employment voucher that incentivizes a specialized third party to match the job seeker with an employer; and (ii) a re-employment bonus that incentivizes the job seeker directly. We combine administrative records and data generated by an experimental implementation of these policies in northern Italy during 2017-2018 and involving more than 10,000 job seekers. Each policy is no less effective than conventional job search assistance. We argue that a dual voucher-bonus system based on self-selection would be cost effective.

Jointly organized with DGS

Jointly organized with: Spatial Mobility Working Group of the Urban and Regional Sociology Section of the German Sociological Association (DGS)

In the context of the digital transformation driven by COVID-19-induced changes in the labor market, educational system, and society in general, processes of spatial mobility are as relevant as ever. For instance, the widespread use of telework is decoupling individuals’ and households’ decisions about where to live and where to work. COVID-19 and lockdowns changed perceptions of what constitutes desirable and appropriate places to work, study, and live.

The influx of refugees into European countries following 2015 entailed many newcomers whose decisions about where to work and where to live are shaping their host countries in many respects. Research on refugees’ spatial mobility within host countries is therefore indispensable, especially in light of current events following the military conflict in Ukraine.

There have been significant methodological advances in recent years, with new data types being used for spatial mobility research. In particular, small-scale neighborhood-level and geolocated data allow for granulated analysis, while digital trace data from smartphones, sensors, or the Internet provide new and unique information. Combining these data with established survey or administrative data opens up promising new avenues for research.

In addition to these topics, the workshop will focus on a broad range of issues related to research on spatial mobilities, including internal migration, commuting, residential multi-locality, student mobility, virtual mobility, and others. Timely research on changing spatial mobility patterns and their implications for existing and emerging social inequalities is crucial. The workshop aims to bring together current research from sociologists, labor economists, demographers, geographers, and scholars from related fields.

A non-exhaustive list of topics is:

  • Spatial mobility in the labor market and the educational system
  • Mobility decisions of the unemployed
  • Gendered and household mobility patterns
  • Spatial mobility and social networks
  • Spatial mobility in the context of neighborhoods
  • (Im-)mobility patterns and mobility decision-making
  • Applications of innovative data sources, like geo-coded, linked, or digital trace data
  • New methods for analyzing spatial mobility

Research on earnings inequalities in heterosexual couples has shown that women tend to earn substantially less than their male partners (e.g.Bianci et al. 1999; Estevez-Abe 2008; Dotti-Sani 2015) and also that these inequalities have been quite consistent over time and resistant to institutional change (Dieckhoff et al. 2020). These inequalities are problematic as they impact women’s future labour market outcomes. We know from existing work that women who earn less than their partner are more likely to drop out of the labour market (Shafer 2011); switch from full-time to part-time (Dieckhoff et al. 2016) and less like to advance their careers (Bröckel et al. 2015). Earnings inequalities in couples are hence not only the result of inequalities in the labour market, they can also further enhance them. It is thus important to understand these inequalities and how these evolve over the life-course. In this effort, we investigate using the German Socio-economic Panel (SOEP) 1992-2018 how earnings inequalities evolve with duration of couple’s cohabiting relationships based on German panel data. We also examine whether different patterns can be observed for different cohorts.

We characterize work hour constraints in the labor market and quantify welfare gains to workers
from moving from their current hours to their optimal hours. There is a firm component
to work hours that explains approximately 27% of the overall variability in hours. Contrary to
predictions from established models of work hours determination, there is virtually no correlation
between worker preference for hours and employer hour requirements. Instead, high-wage
workers are more likely to sort to firms offering more hours even though they have a preference
for fewer hours. Using a revealed preference approach, we find that workers are off their labor
supply curve, on average. The typical worker has an inelastic labor supply and prefers firms
that offer more hours. Workers are willing to trade off 25% of earnings on average to move
from their current employer to an employer that offers the ideal hours, at a given wage level.

​The workshop took place from January 18th to 20th 2023. Read the complete event report.

The IAB’s Graduate School (GradAB) invites young researchers to its 14th interdisciplinary Ph.D. workshop “Perspectives on (Un-)Employment”. The workshop provides an opportunity for graduate students to present their ongoing work in the field of theoretical and empirical labor market research and receive feedback from leading scholars in the discipline. We seek papers that cover any one of the following topics:

  • Labor supply, labor demand and unemployment
  • Evaluation of labor market institutions and policies
  • Education, qualification and job tasks
  • Inequality, poverty and discrimination
  • Gender and family
  • Migration and international labor markets
  • Health and job satisfaction
  • Technological change and digitization
  • The impact of climate change on the labor market
  • Applications of machine learning and big data in labor market research
  • Survey methodology (in labor market research)
  • Data quality (in labor market research)
  • Innovative data collection methods

Call for Papers

Submission

We invite Ph.D. students to submit an extended abstract (maximum of 500 words) or a full (preliminary) paper in pdf format to IAB.PHD-WORKSHOP@iab.de.

  • The submission should include your contact information and CV
  • Please use the format lastname_firstname_paper.pdf
  • Please name up to five keywords (or JEL classification) at the beginning of your submission to categorize your research

Deadline

The deadline for submission is 14 October 2022. We will notify you about whether your paper has been accepted by 8 November 2022.

Travel Costs

For presenters without funding, a limited number of travel grants are available. Please indicate along with your submission whether you would like to apply for a travel grant. We will provide more information about the application with the notifications of acceptance.