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An empty factory hall can be seen in the background. In the foreground you can see the left half of the body of a man in blue work overalls, who has a hard hat tucked under his arm.

How Substitutable Are Workers? – Evidence from Worker Deaths

In this IAB-Discussion Paper Simon Jäger and Jörg Heining analyze unexpected worker deaths, which, on average, raise the remaining workers’ wages and retention probabilities.

Drawing on administrative data from Germany, we analyze 34,000 unexpected worker deaths, which, on average, raise the remaining workers’ wages and retention probabilities. The average effect masks substantial heterogeneity: Coworkers in the same occupation as the deceased see positive wage effects; coworkers in other occupations experience wage decreases when a high-skilled or specialized worker dies. Our findings imply substantial replacement costs, which are larger in thin markets and when skills are specialized.

IAB-Discussion Paper 26/2022