Employment trends in the Free State of Bavaria 2013 : part I: Representative analyses on the basis of the IAB Establishment Panel 2013

Abstract

"At the middle of the year 2013, the total number of employees in comparison to the middle of the year 2012 had risen by 61 thousand persons (+1.0%) according to the IAB Establishment Panel. Here the number of employees subject to social security contributions had increased by 53 thousand (+1.1%). The increase in employment as a whole is almost entirely due to the account of the small and middle-sized establishments. The trend towards a higher share of non-normal working relationships, which has been observed for some time, has decreased and has become unsteady (it oscillates in a cyclical manner at an interval of a year). A very positive assessment of in-house/economic indicators also corresponds with positive expectations with regard to employment. Between 2012 and 2013, the share of employees for simple activities sank from 24 to 22 per cent (the western part of Germany: 23 %). With that, the trend towards a higher share of qualified employees, above all those with a professional qualification, continues once more after several years of stagnation. But, through the - especially in Bavaria - positive development of the total number of employees, the absolute number of employees for simple activities still increased between 2006 and 2013 by 7.0 per cent. 46 per cent of all employees in Bavaria are women, but only a fifth (22%) of the active owners/chairpersons/managing directors are female. The share of part-time employees has risen strongly since 2002, however lately (2013) has sunk by one percentage point to 28 per cent. At 83 per cent, the share of women among the part-time employees is clearly higher than the average in the western and eastern parts of Germany (78 and 75 % respectively). Since 2005, the growth in the part-time segment is mainly due to more substantial part-time work rather than more mini-jobs. At 11 per cent, the share of mini-jobs in comparison to all working relationships in Bavaria is lower than the western German average (13 %). The degree of flexibilisation (share of the non-normal working relationships) equalled 36 per cent in Bavaria in 2013 (previous year: 37%) and in western Germany, as in the year before, 39 per cent. 28 per cent of the establishments and offices in Bavaria (western Germany: 29%) were 'training establishments' in 2013. With very small establishments, the participation in training, the quota of trainees and their training performance (their share of all trainees) has dropped continually. For the new training year 2012/2013, 32 per cent of the establishments with an entitlement to train have offered 142 thousand new trainee positions (extrapolated) (previous year: 31%). Of these, 29 thousand trainee positions were not filled, which corresponds to 21 per cent (western Germany: 16%). As the main reasons why trainee positions were not filled, the training departments of 65 per cent of the establishments in question cited that suitable applicants were not available while 37 cited too few applicants. With 28 per cent of establishments, applicants finally decided to take up a different option. Reasons for rejecting applicants were 59 per cent the lack of meeting the corresponding specific occupational demands, 57 per cent the lack of sufficient prior schooling and 39 per cent the lack of social competence. The establishments were more willing to accept applicants with a poor school record than those who did not have any school qualification. For 23 per cent of the establishments, both were criteria for rejecting applicants. With establishments willing to make a compromise, an otherwise good impression during the application process or a successful internship were above all a reason for a compromise. While, in Bavaria, the quota for taking on applicants at the second threshold has indeed for years been higher than the western German average, it sank in 2013 in comparison to 2012 from 71 to 68 per cent. The high quotas for taking on personnel are relativised when the share of those with temporary employment in those taken on as a whole is observed. In Bavaria this amounted to 42 per cent in 2013 and to 48 percent in the western part of Germany." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku)

Cite article

Kistler, E. & Holler, M. (2014): Beschäftigungstrends im Freistaat Bayern 2013. Teil I: Repräsentative Analysen auf Basis des IAB-Betriebspanels 2013. (Beschäftigungstrends im Freistaat Bayern 2013,1), Stadtbergen, 68 p.