Early vocational orientation and close connexions to private enterprises in Germany - bridging young people into the labour market

Abstract

"Labour market situation in the Peer Country: Due to favourable labour market conditions and the demographic development youths' access to firm based apprenticeship training and employment is less risky in Germany compared to France. Whilst the numbers/shares of young unemployed and scheme participants decreased in Germany over the last decade, the unemployment risk for young people in France increased. Higher levels of education and good school performance protect from unemployment in a double sense; both the risk of becoming unemployed and the hazard of leaving unemployment is positively correlated with education Youth unemployment is a low-skill problem; both graduation from apprenticeship training or tertiary education are a precondition for labour market integration in Germany.<br> Assessment of the policy measure: Germany has developed a manifold package of active labour market policy instruments, covered by social law. In recent years vocational orientation became expanded, starting already at grade 7 at compulsory schools. Pre-training courses work as a linkage between school and apprenticeship training, which are both supportive (in addressing the needs of the participants) and selective (both schemes support the selectivity process in getting access to apprenticeship training) Wage subsides support access to employment.<br> Assessment of success factors and transferability: Measured effects of vocational orientation and guidance schemes are weak, however with sever evaluation problems. Pre-training courses support the way to apprenticeship training, but work highly selective. Pre-training courses which offer internships in enterprises increase individuals' access-probability to non-subsidised apprenticeship training.<br> Questions: How is the wage subsidies programme 'Emplois d'avenir' - 'jobs with a future' framed by the French labour market policy? How is the effect of non-profit organisation in contrast to private enterprises in terms of employment probability and employment stability beyond the episode of subsidised employment contracts? What are the post-subsidies labour market effects of 'Emplois d'avenir'? What are the net effects of 'Emplois d'avenir'? Are there indicators for substitution and windfall effects? Are there regional and group specific effects of 'Emplois d'avenir' with regard to access probability?" (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Cite article

Dietrich, H. (2014): Early vocational orientation and close connexions to private enterprises in Germany - bridging young people into the labour market. (Peer country comments paper - Germany), Brüssel, 12 p.