Migration und Integration
Bei dem Thema Einwanderung nach Deutschland gilt es auch die Bedingungen einer gelingenden Integration von Zugewanderten in Gesellschaft, Bildung und Arbeit zu untersuchen. Die Arbeitsmarktforschung beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, wie die Integration in das Bildungs- und Ausbildungssystem, der Zugang zum Arbeitsmarkt sowie die Bedingungen der sozialen Teilhabe und kulturellen Integration verbessert werden können.
Aktuelle Studien zeigen zudem, dass Deutschland angesichts seiner demographischen Herausforderungen dringend auf Zuwanderung angewiesen ist. Inwiefern kann Zuwanderung der Schrumpfung und Alterung des Erwerbspersonenpotenzials entgegenwirken? Welche Entwicklungen in der nationalen und europäischen Einwanderungspolitik begünstigen die Einwanderung von Erwerbspersonen und Fachkräften? Die hier zusammengestellte Literatur bietet einen aktuellen und umfassenden Überblick über den Themenkomplex Migration und Integration.
Literatur zum Thema Flucht und Asyl finden Sie in unserer IAB-Infoplattform Fluchtmigrantinnen und -migranten - Bildung und Arbeitsmarkt.
Zurück zur Übersicht- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
- Einwanderungspolitik
- Auswirkungen von Migration
- Wanderungsmotivation und Rückwanderung
- Arbeitslosigkeit und Arbeitsmarktpolitik
- Qualifikation, Bildung und Beschäftigung
- Integration und soziale Teilhabe
- internationale Aspekte
- Personengruppen
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Literaturhinweis
Flache Erfahrungskurvenprofile von ausländischen Beschäftigten in Deutschland (2021)
Zitatform
Brunow, Stephan & Oskar Jost (2021): Flache Erfahrungskurvenprofile von ausländischen Beschäftigten in Deutschland. In: Wirtschaftsdienst, Jg. 101, H. 11, S. 889-893., 2021-11-01. DOI:10.1007/s10273-021-3047-6
Abstract
"Dieser Beitrag widmet sich der Entlohnungsstruktur von ausländischen und deutschen sozialversicherungspflichtig Vollzeitbeschäftigten und zielt auf die Lohnzuwächse durch die Aneignung von zusätzlicher Erfahrung auf dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt. Bisherige Erkenntnisse für Deutschland deuten darauf hin, dass Arbeitsmarkterfahrung bei Ausländern im Vergleich zu deutschen Beschäftigten zu keinen oder nur geringen Lohnzuwächsen führt. Wir identifizieren und diskutieren Ursachen und Erklärungen für diese flacheren Erfahrungskurvenprofile, was insbesondere vor dem Hintergrund der Einkommensungleichheit zwischen beiden Gruppen relevant ist." (Autorenreferat, © Springer-Verlag)
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Literaturhinweis
Foreign Vs. German Wage Differentials in Germany: Does the Home Country Matter? (2021)
Zitatform
Brunow, Stephan & Oskar Jost (2021): Foreign Vs. German Wage Differentials in Germany: Does the Home Country Matter? In: W. Cochrane, M. P. Cameron & O. Alimi (Ed.) (2021): Labor Markets, Migration, and Mobility, Singapur, Springer S. 55-76, 2020-10-10. DOI:10.1007/978-981-15-9275-1_3
Abstract
"The German labour force is expected to shrink in the next two decades due to a decline in population. Therefore, the immigration of workers from abroad could compensate for potential negative consequences of such population decline. Is Germany competitive for immigration—i.e., do German employers pay enough to make it attractive as a destination country? We explore the wage gap between foreigners and German employees in particular and focus on different countries of origin to better understand issues related to wage setting among these groups. For this purpose, a threefold Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition is performed using comprehensive data with a vast amount of information on a large number of workers and firms. The results suggest that most of the wage gap can be explained by observed characteristics, and in most cases, very little difference remains unexplained. We provide evidence on differences specific to the country of origin which could be taken into consideration to attract people from abroad to better integrate them into the German labour market." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Weiterführende Informationen
Inhaltsverzeichnis des Sammelwerks -
Literaturhinweis
Real Exchange Rates and the Earnings of Immigrants (2021)
Zitatform
Dustmann, Christian, Hyejin Ku & Tanya Surovtseva (2021): Real Exchange Rates and the Earnings of Immigrants. (CReAM discussion paper 2021,10), London, 59 S.
Abstract
"Higher price levels in the destination relative to the origin increase the effective real wages of immigrants, thereby affecting immigrants' reservation and entry wages as well as their subsequent career trajectories. Based on micro-level longitudinal administrative data from Germany and exploiting within-country and across-cohort variations in the real exchange rate (RER) between Germany and countries that newly joined the European Union in the 2000s, we find that immigrants arriving with high RERs initially settle for lower paying jobs than comparable immigrants arriving with low RERs. In subsequent periods, however, wages of high RER arrivals catch up to that of their low RER counterparts, convergence achieved primarily through changes to better paying occupations and firms. Our findings thus point to the persistent regional price differences as one possible reason for Immigrants' downgrading, with implications for immigrant' career profiles and the assessment of labor market impacts of immigration." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The effect of housework on wages - A study of migrants and native-born individuals in Germany (2021)
Zitatform
Fendel, Tanja (2021): The effect of housework on wages - A study of migrants and native-born individuals in Germany. In: Journal of Family and Economic Issues, Jg. 42, H. 3, S. 473-488., 2020-10-22. DOI:10.1007/s10834-020-09733-5
Abstract
"To increase labour market participation among migrants, an increase in female labour market participation is important, with wages being a significant incentive. In research on the gender wage gap, the consideration of housework has been a milestone. Gender differences in housework time have always been much greater among migrants than among native-born individuals. Based on data obtained from the German Socio-Economic Panel from 1995 to 2017, this study questioned whether housework affects the wages of migrant full-time workers differently than those of their native-born counterparts. To consider the possible endogeneity of housework in the wage equation, the analysis estimated, in addition to an OLS model, a hybrid model to estimate within effects. Significant negative effects of housework on wages resulted for migrant women and native-born individuals. The effects for migrant men were significantly smaller or insignificant, which could not be explained by threshold effects. The greater amount of time spent on housework by migrant women than by native-born women will in general lead to a larger wage decrease due to housework for migrant women than for native-born women. The results further showed that the observed variables explained very little of the migrants’ gender wage gap, in contrast to the gap of native-born individuals. Human capital returns, including education and work experiences, were much lower for migrant women than for native-born women, whereas differences in housework equally contributed to the explained share of the gap for both groups, indicating the greater relevance of housework for migrants’ wage gap." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
What explains immigrant–native gaps in European labor markets: The role of institutions (2021)
Zitatform
Guzi, Martin, Martin Kahanec & Lucia Mýtna Kureková (2021): What explains immigrant–native gaps in European labor markets: The role of institutions. In: Migration Studies, Jg. 9, H. 4, S. 1823-1856. DOI:10.1093/migration/mnab044
Abstract
"The understanding of how institutional and policy contexts affect immigrant integration is essential for any effort to foster a sustainable and effective migration and integration policy framework. Immigrant–native labor market gaps may arise not only due to differences in human capital or other socio-economic and demographic characteristics, but also due to differentiated impacts of institutions and policies on otherwise similar immigrants and natives. Different integration policy approaches are needed to close the gaps arising through these different mechanisms. This article exploits the variation across Europe to study the institutional and policy determinants of immigrant–native gaps in host labor markets. Using the EU Labor Force Survey as the primary source of data and a novel analytical approach, we study immigrant–native gaps in labor force participation, unemployment, low-skilled employment, and temporary employment and measure the contribution of institutional and policy contexts to the part of these gaps that cannot be explained by immigrant–native differences in characteristics. Our findings confirm that institutional and policy contexts play a significant role in immigrant integration and highlight the importance of tailoring policy approaches with regard to the causes of immigrant–native gaps." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Who Suffers the Greatest Loss? Costs of Job Displacement for Migrants and Natives (2021)
Illing, Hannah; Koch, Theresa;Zitatform
Illing, Hannah & Theresa Koch (2021): Who Suffers the Greatest Loss? Costs of Job Displacement for Migrants and Natives. (IAB-Discussion Paper 08/2021), Nürnberg, 63 S.
Abstract
"Wir sind die ersten, die empirische Belege für Unterschiede in den individuellen Kosten des Arbeitsplatzverlustes für Migranten im Vergleich zu Einheimischen in Deutschland liefern. Unter Verwendung von verknüpften Arbeitgeber-Arbeitnehmer-Daten für den Zeitraum 1996-2017 berechnen wir die Verdienst-, Lohn- und Beschäftigungsverluste jedes entlassenen Arbeitnehmers nach einer Massenentlassung im Vergleich zu einem nicht-entlassenen Kontrollarbeiter. Wir stellen fest, dass Migranten aufgrund höherer Lohn- und Beschäftigungsverluste wesentlich höhere Einkommensverluste hinnehmen müssen als Einheimische. Unterschiede in den individuellen Merkmalen und die unterschiedliche Selektion nach Branchen und Berufen können den Unterschied bei den Lohnverlusten vollständig erklären, nicht aber die Unterschiede bei der Beschäftigung nach der Entlassung. Entlassene Migranten haben sowohl eine geringere Wahrscheinlichkeit, wieder eingestellt zu werden, als auch weniger Arbeitstage als entlassene Einheimische. In Bezug auf diverse Kanäle zeigen wir, dass i) Migranten sich in schlechtere Betriebe sortieren und ii) die etwas geringere geografische Mobilität von Migranten zwischen den Bundesländern einen Teil ihres geringeren Wiederbeschäftigungserfolgs erklären kann; iii) unsere Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass die Konkurrenz durch andere Migranten und nicht durch Einheimische negativ zu den Kosten des Arbeitsplatzverlustes von Migranten beiträgt." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Zugewanderte haben nach einer Massenentlassung schlechtere Arbeitsmarktperspektiven als Einheimische (2021)
Illing, Hannah; Koch, Theresa;Zitatform
Illing, Hannah & Theresa Koch (2021): Zugewanderte haben nach einer Massenentlassung schlechtere Arbeitsmarktperspektiven als Einheimische. In: IAB-Forum H. 04.11.2021 Nürnberg, o. Sz., 2021-11-02.
Abstract
"Massenentlassungen haben für die Betroffenen langfristig negative Konsequenzen auf dem Arbeitsmarkt. Das betrifft sowohl die Verdienstmöglichkeiten als auch die Beschäftigungschancen. Aus verschiedenen Gründen trifft dies für Zugewanderte noch stärker zu als für Einheimische." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The immigrant-native wage gap in Germany revisited (2021)
Zitatform
Ingwersen, Kai & Stephan L. Thomsen (2021): The immigrant-native wage gap in Germany revisited. In: Journal of Economic Inequality, Jg. 19, H. 4, S. 825-854. DOI:10.1007/s10888-021-09493-8
Abstract
"This study provides new evidence on the levels of economic integration experienced by foreigners and naturalised immigrants relative to native Germans from 1994 to 2015. We decompose the wage gap using the method for unconditional quantile regression models by employing a regression of the (recentered) influence function (RIF) of the gross hourly wage on a rich set of explanatory variables. This approach enables us to estimate contributions made across the whole wage distribution. To allow for a detailed characterisation of labour market conditions, we consider a comprehensive set of socio-economic and labour-related aspects capturing influences of, e.g., human capital quality, cultural background, and the personalities of immigrants. The decomposition results clearly indicate a significant growing gap with higher wages for both foreigners (13.6 to 17.6%) and naturalised immigrants (10.0 to 16.4%). The findings further display a low explanation for the wage gap in low wage deciles that is even more pronounced within immigrant subgroups. Cultural and economic distances each correlate strongly with wages. A different appreciation of foreign educational qualifications, however, widens the wage gap substantially by 4.5%points on average. Moreover, we observe an indication of deterioration of immigrants' human capital endowments over time relative to those of native Germans." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
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Literaturhinweis
Inder haben die höchsten Medianlöhne in Deutschland (2021)
Plünnecke, Axel;Zitatform
Plünnecke, Axel (2021): Inder haben die höchsten Medianlöhne in Deutschland. (IW-Kurzberichte / Institut der Deutschen Wirtschaft Köln 2021,83), Köln, 3 S.
Abstract
"Seit 2012 hat die qualifizierte Zuwanderung aus Drittstaaten stark zur Fachkräftesicherung in den akademischen Berufen beigetragen. In der Folge ist zu beobachten, dass der Medianmonatslohn von allen in Vollzeit sozialversicherungspflichtig beschäftigten Indern in Deutschland mit 4.824 Euro fast 1.300 Euro über dem entsprechenden Medianwert der Deutschen in Höhe von 3.541 Euro liegt. In akademischen MINT-Berufen liegen die Medianlöhne von Indern im Alter zwischen 25 und unter 45 Jahren mit 5.276 Euro etwa auf dem Niveau der Deutschen mit 5.207 Euro." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Cultural differences and immigrants' wages (2021)
Zitatform
Raux, Morgan (2021): Cultural differences and immigrants' wages. (Discussion paper / Université du Luxembourg. Department of Economics and Management 2021-02), Luxembourg, 52 S.
Abstract
"In this paper, I investigate how cultural differences affect the labor-market performance of immigrant workers in Germany. I document a negative relationship between hourly wages and the cultural distance between immigrants' countries of origin and Germany. This result is robust across the three main indicators used in the gravity literature: linguistic, religious, and genetic distances. This cultural wage penalty disappears after five to ten years spent in Germany. Controlling for language proficiency as well as for selective in- and out-migration, these results highlight the cultural integration of immigrant workers. I finally provide evidence suggesting that lower wage progression may be explained by fewer job-to-job transitions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The labor market integration of immigrant women in Europe: context, theory and evidence (2021)
Zitatform
Schieckoff, Bentley & Maximilian Sprengholz (2021): The labor market integration of immigrant women in Europe. Context, theory and evidence. (Working Paper / Universität Konstanz, Cluster of Excellence "The Politics of Inequality" 02), Konstanz, 52 S.
Abstract
"Women represent an important component of the immigration population in Europe and have increasingly been a group of interest in academic studies, especially with regard to their integration outcomes. In this overview, we seek to provide a comprehensive resource for scholars of female immigrant labor market integration in Europe, to act both as a reference and a roadmap for future studies in this domain. We begin by presenting a contextual history of immigration to and within Europe since the Second World War, before outlining the major theoretical assumptions about immigrant women's labor market disadvantage from economics and sociology. We then synthesize the empirical findings published between 2000 and 2020 and analyze how they line up with the theoretical predictions. We also present descriptive analyses with data from 2019, which expose any discrepancies between the current situation in European countries and the situation during the time periods considered in the reviewed studies. As a group, immigrant women are often reported to experience significant disadvantages in their labor market integration, both compared to immigrant men and to native women. However, this type of approach glosses over the substantial heterogeneity in immigrant women's experiences. Instead, our overview points to a selective disadvantage for immigrant women that is highly dependent on their country of origin and the reception context they encounter after immigration." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Labour migration and increasing inequality in Norway (2021)
Slettebak, Marie H.;Zitatform
Slettebak, Marie H. (2021): Labour migration and increasing inequality in Norway. In: Acta sociologica, Jg. 64, H. 3, S. 314-330. DOI:10.1177/0001699320930261
Abstract
"This paper explores the contested relationship between migration and income inequality, using labour migration to Norway as a case. The enlargements of the European Union starting in 2004 were followed by an unprecedented increase in labour migration to Norway. In particular, many rural regions, previously unfamiliar with immigration, have experienced a large influx of labour migrants. In the same period, income inequality has increased. This paper uses register data on the municipality level from 2005-2016 to discuss (a) the direction of the relationship between labour migration and income inequality; (b) the degree to which labour migration affects inequality (in general and within the native population) compared to other immigrant groups; and (c) whether the effects are different in rural and urban municipalities. Findings show that labour migration from the "new" European Union countries is followed by higher income inequality in Norway. No support is found for the reversed causal relationship that increasing inequality causes higher numbers of labour migrants. The effect of labour migration on overall inequality is considerable, but not as strong as the effect of refugees. However, as opposed to refugees, labour migration also affects income inequality within the native population, but this effect is only significant in rural areas." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Navigating Institutions for Integration: Perceived Institutional Barriers of Access to the Labour Market among Refugee Women in Sweden (2021)
Zitatform
Spehar, Andrea (2021): Navigating Institutions for Integration: Perceived Institutional Barriers of Access to the Labour Market among Refugee Women in Sweden. In: Journal of Refugee Studies, Jg. 34, H. 4, S. 3907-3925. DOI:10.1093/jrs/feaa140
Abstract
"Sweden may in many respects be regarded as one of the most gender-equal countries in the world today. However, when looking at the situation of immigrant women a more unsettling picture emerges. Employment rates illustrate large gaps between native and immigrant women, as well as significant gender gaps between immigrant men and women. When investigating plausible explanations for underrepresentation of immigrant women in the labour market, scholars have mainly focussed on cultural and individual explanatory factors. In contrast, this article casts our analytical gaze towards institutional factors by examining the experiences of refugee women who, despite expressing a positive attitude and strong willingness to establish themselves on the Swedish labour market, had not succeeded in finding secure employment. Drawing upon in-depth interviews with refugee women, the results suggest that the insufficient institutional support during the first years in Sweden, devaluation of competence and challenges with ‘starting over’ are perceived as central barriers hindering their access to the Swedish labour market. To facilitate higher labour force participation among refugee women in Sweden it is crucial to develop and implement gender-sensitive measures that target different groups of immigrant women and meet their distinct experiences, needs, and interests." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Task specialization and the native-foreign wage gap: Evidence from worker-level data (2021)
Zitatform
Storm, Eduard (2021): Task specialization and the native-foreign wage gap: Evidence from worker-level data. (Ruhr economic papers 928), Essen, 36 S. DOI:10.4419/96973086
Abstract
"Running RIF regressions to decompose wage differences along the distribution, this is the first study documenting that worker-level variation in tasks has played a key role in the widening of the German Native-Foreign Wage Gap. Comparing variation in Individual- vs Occupation-level task measures suggests idiosyncratic differences account for up to 34% of the explained wage gap. Importantly, natives specialize in high-paying interactive activities not only between but also within occupations. In contrast, foreign workers specialize in low-paying manual activities. This enhanced degree of task specialization accounts for 11% of the gap near the top of the distribution and 25% near the bottom, thus offering new insight into sources for imperfect substitution of native and foreign workers in the production function and consequently small migration-induced wage effects." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
spätere (möglw. abweichende) Version erschienen in: Labour -
Literaturhinweis
US Permanent Residency, Job Mobility, and Earnings (2021)
Wang, Xuening;Zitatform
Wang, Xuening (2021): US Permanent Residency, Job Mobility, and Earnings. In: Journal of labor economics, Jg. 39, H. 3, S. 639-671. DOI:10.1086/709689
Abstract
"One concern regarding US immigration policies is that skilled workers on temporary visas may be bound to their employers in “indentured servitude,” giving rise to monopsony power. I investigate this concern by estimating the effect of acquiring permanent residency on the job mobility and earnings of these workers. Using fixed effects models, I find an immediate upsurge in mobility upon permanent residency receipt, primarily driven by voluntary moving being depressed during the employer-sponsored immigration process. Job lock reduces the earnings of male workers by 4.7%, which translates to a 2% surplus for firms after extra hiring costs are subtracted." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Affluent Lives Beyond the Border? Individual Wage Change Through Migration (2021)
Zitatform
Witte, Nils & Jean Guedes Auditor (2021): Affluent Lives Beyond the Border? Individual Wage Change Through Migration. In: M. Erlinghagen, A. Ette, N. F. Schneider & N. Witte (Hrsg.) (2021): ¬The¬ Global Lives of German Migrants, S. 121-138. DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-67498-4_7
Abstract
"This chapter investigates individual wage changes of German emigrants. The analytical strategy is twofold. First, we compare hourly wage changes among emigrants with wage changes among stayers. We estimate the Difference-in-Difference of mean net hourly wages between stayers and emigrants over time and account for the positive selection of emigrants on observable characteristics through entropy balancing. Second, we explore the heterogeneity of wage changes among emigrants. To that end, we calculate linear regressions on the log net hourly wage change through migration. The first analysis suggests substantial wage increases of 8 euros through migration. The second analysis provides evidence that characteristics of employment and of destination countries account for differences in the wage change among emigrants. Among individual characteristics, only age is negatively correlated, while education and gender do not account for differences. Our analysis rely on the first wave of the German Emigration and Remigration Panel Study. The German Socio-Economic Panel Study yields our reference population of stayers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Socio-Economic Disparities in the Integration Process of Immigrants in Western Europe: A Comparative Study for Six EU Countries (2021)
Özdemir, Erhan;Zitatform
Özdemir, Erhan (2021): Socio-Economic Disparities in the Integration Process of Immigrants in Western Europe. A Comparative Study for Six EU Countries. (Border Studies 4), Brüssel: Peter Lang, 377 S.
Abstract
"International migration is one of the prominent facts in the contemporary world, which affects the political, socio-economic and cultural processes both in origin and destination countries. Historically, Western Europe has been one of the most attractive destinations for migrants because of the level of socio-economic development and political stability. However, there are many complex institutional, socio-economic and cultural issues to be addressed to achieve the integration of migrants and to eliminate social inequalities between the native populations and migrants in these host countries. In this respect, this book examines some aspects of socio-economic disparities between native populations and the migrants in Belgium, Germany, France, the Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Different migration histories, labour market features and welfare state characteristics of these countries are expected to provide insight about how the integration-related and inequality-related issues emerge in diverse social and institutional settings. The study covers the empirical analyses of the disparities in the labour market and accessing the social benefits between 2004 and 2016 by using comparable cross- country survey data. These analyses attempt to demonstrate the relationships between these two domains. The study has a comparative approach, which aims at providing comparable evidence both across the countries and over time in each of the selected countries." (Publisher information, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Weiterführende Informationen
Inhaltsverzeichnis vom Verlag -
Literaturhinweis
On the foreign to native wage differential in Germany: Does the home country matter? (2020)
Zitatform
Brunow, Stephan & Oskar Jost (2020): On the foreign to native wage differential in Germany: Does the home country matter? (IAB-Discussion Paper 26/2020), Nürnberg, 26 S.
Abstract
"Es ist zu erwarten, dass die Anzahl der Erwerbstätigen in Deutschland in den nächsten beiden Dekaden erheblich schrumpfen wird. Migrationsströme aus dem Ausland können die damit verbundenen negativen Effekte kompensieren. Damit geht die Frage einher, ob Deutschland für Migranten ein attraktives Ziel darstellt – zahlen Arbeitgeber genug, um für Migranten attraktiv genug zu sein? Wir analysieren das Lohngefälle zwischen ausländischen und deutschen Beschäftigten in Vollzeit und berücksichtigten dabei das Herkunftsland, um etwaige landesspezifische Unterschiede in der Lohnsetzung und Lohnstrukturen besser zu verstehen. Hierfür nutzen wir eine dreiteilige Oaxaca-Blinder Zerlegung und einen umfangreichen Datensatz mit diversen Informationen zu Individuen und Firmen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass der Großteil der Lohnlücke auf Unterschiede in den beobachtbaren Charakteristiken zurückgeführt werden kann und zumeist nur sehr wenig unerklärt bleibt. Weiterhin zeigen wir Unterschiede zwischen den Herkunftsländern, die bei der Anwerbung der Beschäftigten berücksichtigt werden sollten, um die Personen besser in den Arbeitsmarkt zu integrieren." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Der Arbeitsmarkterfolg von Migranten und Migrantinnen und Geflüchteten: Ergebnisse, Gründe und Wege zur Überwindung der Benachteiligung (2020)
Zitatform
Burkert, Carola & Alfred Garloff (2020): Der Arbeitsmarkterfolg von Migranten und Migrantinnen und Geflüchteten. Ergebnisse, Gründe und Wege zur Überwindung der Benachteiligung. In: A. Rauch (Hrsg.) & S. Tophoven (Hrsg.) (2020): Integration in den Arbeitsmarkt, Stuttgart, Kohlhammer S. 130-158, 2020-02-15.
Abstract
"In diesem Kapitel lernen Sie, dass Migrantinnen und Migranten häufig am Arbeitsmarkt schwächere Ergebnisse erzielen als Einheimische. Wir zeigen Ihnen auf, dass es hierfür unterschiedliche Gründe gibt und dass Diskriminierung nicht zwangsläufig der Hauptgrund sein muss. Sie lernen theoretische Erklärungsansätze kennen, warum Migrantinnen und Migranten schwächere Ergebnisse erzielen, unterlegt mit einigen empirischen Erkenntnissen. Sie werden auch Erklärungsfaktoren kennenlernen, die deutlich machen, warum selbst in Deutschland geborene Migrantinnen und Migranten im Durchschnitt nicht die gleichen Erfolge erzielen wie in Deutschland geborene Einheimische. Schließlich erfolgt eine kurze Darstellung des staatlichen Unterstützungssystems, und Sie werden damit vertraut gemacht, welche Strategien zur Bekämpfung der Ungleichheiten herangezogen werden und welche als erfolgreich gelten können." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Migrantinnen und Migranten am deutschen Arbeitsmarkt: Qualität der Arbeitsplätze als wichtiger Gradmesser einer gelungenen Integration (2020)
Zitatform
Gundert, Stefanie, Yuliya Kosyakova & Tanja Fendel (2020): Migrantinnen und Migranten am deutschen Arbeitsmarkt: Qualität der Arbeitsplätze als wichtiger Gradmesser einer gelungenen Integration. (IAB-Kurzbericht 25/2020), Nürnberg, 12 S.
Abstract
"Die Arbeitsmarktintegration von Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund ist ein wichtiges Thema im öffentlichen Diskurs in Deutschland. Ob und wie schnell Zugewanderte und deren Nachkommen am Arbeitsmarkt Fuß fassen, ist maßgeblich für ihre gesellschaftliche Integration und ihre Chancen auf soziale und wirtschaftliche Teilhabe. Eine besonders wichtige Rolle spielt dabei die Qualität der Arbeitsplätze, die hier für abhängig Beschäftigte mit und ohne Migrationshintergrund vergleichend untersucht wird. Die Studie zeigt, dass sich Zugewanderte bezüglich der Arbeitsplatzqualität deutlich unterscheiden von Beschäftigten ohne Migrationshintergrund, insbesondere in den ersten Jahren nach dem Zuzug. Untersucht werden objektive und subjektive Faktoren wie Einkommen, berufliche Stellung, intrinsische Arbeitsqualität, psychosoziale und physische Belastungen oder Arbeitsplatzsicherheit. Die Befunde deuten darauf hin, dass die Arbeitsqualität mit der Aufenthaltsdauer und über Generationen hinweg steigt." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Aspekt auswählen:
Aspekt zurücksetzen
- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
- Einwanderungspolitik
- Auswirkungen von Migration
- Wanderungsmotivation und Rückwanderung
- Arbeitslosigkeit und Arbeitsmarktpolitik
- Qualifikation, Bildung und Beschäftigung
- Integration und soziale Teilhabe
- internationale Aspekte
- Personengruppen