Female breadwinner – Erwerbsentscheidungen von Frauen im Haushaltskontext
Nach wie vor ist die ungleiche Verteilung von Erwerbs- und Familienarbeit zwischen den Partnern der Regelfall. Traditionelle familiäre Arrangements werden dabei durch institutionelle Rahmenbedingungen bevorzugt. Die Folge ist, dass Frauen immer noch beruflich zurückstecken - auch wenn sie den Hauptteil des Haushaltseinkommens erarbeiten und damit die Rolle der Familienernährerin übernehmen.
Dieses Themendossier widmet sich den Bedingungen und Auswirkungen der Erwerbsentscheidung von Frauen sowie empirischen Studien, die sich mit der Arbeitsteilung der Partner im Haushaltskontext befassen.
Mit dem Filter „Autorenschaft“ können Sie auf IAB-(Mit-)Autorenschaft eingrenzen.
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Literaturhinweis
Free childcare and parents' labour supply: is more better? (2016)
Zitatform
Brewer, Mike, Sarah Cattan, Claire Crawford & Birgitta Rabe (2016): Free childcare and parents' labour supply. Is more better? (IZA discussion paper 10415), Bonn, 44 S.
Abstract
"Despite the introduction of childcare subsidies in many countries, the cost of childcare is still thought to hinder parental employment. Many governments are considering increasing the generosity of their childcare subsidies, but the a priori effect of such a policy is ambiguous and little is known empirically about its likely impact. This paper compares the effects on parents' labour supply of offering free part-time childcare and of expanding this offer to the whole school day in England using an empirical strategy which, unlike previous studies, exploits both date of birth discontinuities and panel data. We find that the provision of free part-time childcare has little, if any, causal impact on the labour market outcomes of mothers or fathers. Increasing the number of hours of free childcare to cover a full school day, however, leads to significant increases in the labour supply of mothers whose youngest child is eligible, with impacts emerging immediately and increasing over the months following entitlement." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Gender equality in the division of work: how to assess European leave policies regarding their compliance with an ideal leave model (2016)
Dearing, Helene;Zitatform
Dearing, Helene (2016): Gender equality in the division of work. How to assess European leave policies regarding their compliance with an ideal leave model. In: Journal of European social policy, Jg. 26, H. 3, S. 234-247. DOI:10.1177/0958928716642951
Abstract
"This article assesses 27 European parental leave policies regarding their compliance with an ideal leave policy model that best supports gender equality in the division of labour. Given the difficulties in defining such an ideal leave model, the article makes this assessment in two stages. Stage 1 exploits the most salient results of the empirical literature in order to define an ideal leave model that foresees the provision of 14 months of well-paid leave, where half of the leave is reserved for fathers. An 'Equal Gender Division of Labour' indicator is developed to assess the performance of different countries regarding their compliance with the ideal leave model. Stage 2 tests the sensitivity of the results with regard to three different scenarios that account for alternative assumptions about (1) the actual duration of leave that is supposed to be 'ideal', (2) the significance of providing leave only in combination with payments and (3) the importance of reserving some of the provided leave for fathers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Who buffers income losses after job displacement?: the role of alternative income sources, the family, and the state (2016)
Fackler, Daniel; Hank, Eva;Zitatform
Fackler, Daniel & Eva Hank (2016): Who buffers income losses after job displacement? The role of alternative income sources, the family, and the state. (IWH-Diskussionspapiere 2016,28), Halle, 34 S.
Abstract
"Using survey data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), this paper analyses to what extent alternative income sources, reactions within the household context, and redistribution by the state attenuate earnings losses after job displacement. Applying propensity score matching and fixed effects estimations, we find high individual earnings losses after job displacement and only limited convergence. Income from self-employment slightly reduces the earnings gap and severance payments buffer losses in the short run. On the household level, we find substantial and rather persistent losses in per capita labour income. We do not find that increased labour supply by other household members contributes to the compensation of the income losses. Most importantly, our results show that redistribution within the tax and transfer system substantially mitigates income losses of displaced workers both in the short and the long run whereas other channels contribute only little." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
After-school care and parents' labor supply (2016)
Zitatform
Felfe, Christina, Michael Lechner & Petra Thiemann (2016): After-school care and parents' labor supply. In: Labour economics, Jg. 42, H. October, S. 64-75. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2016.06.009
Abstract
"Does the provision of after-school care promote maternal employment and thus help to foster gender equality in labor supply? We address this question by exploiting variation in cantonal (state) regulations of after-school care provision in Switzerland. To establish exogeneity of cantonal regulations with respect to employment opportunities and preferences of the population, we restrict our analysis to confined regions along cantonal borders. While no impact of the after-school care provision on parental employment exists overall, we find a positive impact on the full-time employment of mothers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Zukunftsreport Familie 2030 (2016)
Heimer, Andreas; Juncke, David; Moog, Stephan; Haumann, Wilhelm; Braukmann, Jan; Ristau, Malte; Knittel, Tilmann;Zitatform
Heimer, Andreas, David Juncke, Jan Braukmann, Tilmann Knittel, Stephan Moog, Malte Ristau & Wilhelm Haumann (2016): Zukunftsreport Familie 2030. Berlin, 66 S.
Abstract
"Gelingt es, mit einer forcierten Familienpolitik den Wünschen der Mütter und Väter nach einer partnerschaftlichen Aufteilung von Familie und Beruf zu entsprechen, wird sich die sozioökonomische Situation von Familien im Jahr 2030 deutlich verbessern.
Das Haushaltseinkommen von Familien kann um durchschnittlich 1.400 Euro steigen. Die Zahl der Eltern und Kinder, die armutsgefährdet sind, kann um rund 470 Tsd. Personen zurückgehen. Die Zahl der Personen in Haushalten mit SGB-II Bezügen kann sogar um rund 670 Tsd. Personen sinken. Bis 2030 können rund 790 Tsd. Mütter mehr sozialversicherungspflichtig beschäftigt sein.
Das Gutachten, das verschiedene Szenarien betrachtet, zeigt: Eine Weiterentwicklung der Familienpolitik hat positive Auswirkungen auf die Gesamtwirtschaft. Der Anstieg der Erwerbstätigenquote sowie der Erwerbsumfänge führen zu einem Anstieg des Arbeitsvolumens um 3,2 PP. Das führt im Chancen-Szenario bis 2030 zu einer spürbaren Erhöhung des Bruttoinlandprodukts um rund 70 Mrd. Euro." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)Weiterführende Informationen
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Literaturhinweis
Erwerbseintritte im Zeitverlauf bei Müttern junger Kinder im SGB II (2016)
Zitatform
Zabel, Cordula (2016): Erwerbseintritte im Zeitverlauf bei Müttern junger Kinder im SGB II. (IAB-Forschungsbericht 05/2016), Nürnberg, 71 S.
Abstract
"In dieser Studie wird monatsgenau untersucht, wie sich die Eintrittsraten von Müttern mit Arbeitslosengeld-II (ALG-II)-Bezug in abhängige Beschäftigung über die ersten vier Lebensjahre des jüngsten Kindes entwickeln. Für Eltern, die Kinder im Alter von drei Jahren oder älter betreuen, gilt, dass die Aufnahme einer Erwerbstätigkeit zumutbar ist, sofern die Kinderbetreuung gesichert ist (§ 10 Sozialgesetzbuch (SGB) Zweites Buch (II)). In diesem Forschungsbericht soll der Frage nachgegangen werden, welche Rolle der dritte Geburtstag des jüngsten Kindes tatsächlich für die Erwerbseintrittsraten von Müttern im Bereich des SGB II spielt, und welche anderen zeitlichen Faktoren ebenfalls einflussreich sind. Es wird zwischen Müttern mit und ohne Beschäftigung vor der Geburt ihres Kindes unterschieden. Für erstere kann die größere Arbeitsmarktnähe die Berufsrückkehr erleichtern. Auch dürfte die maximale Dauer der Elternzeit von drei Jahren den zeitlichen Verlauf ihrer Erwerbseintritte entscheidend beeinflussen. Tatsächlich stellt diese Studie in Westdeutschland bei ihnen stark erhöhte Eintrittsraten in Beschäftigung genau zum dritten Geburtstag des jüngsten Kindes fest, während in Ostdeutschland der erste und zweite Geburtstag wichtigere Zeitpunkte für die Berufsrückkehr darzustellen scheinen. Insgesamt nehmen Mütter mit Beschäftigung vor der Geburt deutlich eher eine Erwerbstätigkeit auf als Mütter ohne Beschäftigung vor der Geburt. Bei Müttern ohne Beschäftigung vor der Geburt sind, wie zu erwarten, keine punktuellen Spitzen in den Erwerbseintrittsraten zu den Geburtstagen des jüngsten Kindes festzustellen da sie keinen Anspruch auf Elternzeit haben. Jedoch erhöhen sich auch bei ihnen die Erwerbseintrittsraten leicht aber anhaltend in Westdeutschland ab dem dritten und in Ostdeutschland jeweils ab dem ersten und zweiten Geburtstag des jüngsten Kindes. Insgesamt bleiben die Erwerbseintrittsraten der Mütter ohne Beschäftigung vor der Geburt jedoch deutlich unter derer mit Beschäftigung vor der Geburt. Womöglich stellt die längere Erwerbsunterbrechung, die bei ihnen schon in die Zeit vor der Geburt zurückreicht, ein entscheidendes Erwerbshemmnis dar, zu der noch die Herausforderung der Organisation der Kinderbetreuung hinzukommt. Daher benötigen sie vermutlich besondere Unterstützung bei der Verbesserung ihrer Erwerbschancen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Gender bias in tax systems based on household income (2015)
Zitatform
Andrienko, Yuri, Patricia Apps & Ray Rees (2015): Gender bias in tax systems based on household income. In: Annals of economics and statistics H. 117/118, S. 141-155. DOI:10.15609/annaeconstat2009.117-118.141
Abstract
"The assumption that household income is strongly and positively correlated with a household's real standard of living provides the basis for the joint taxation of families, which has the effect of discriminating against married women as second earners. This paper shows, in the context of a model of the household with young children present, that this assumption is not tenable. The fact that there is considerable heterogeneity in female labour supply which cannot be explained by wage rates and the number and ages of children requires us to look for other explanations, and we argue that these can be found in the variation of child care costs and productivities across households. When these are taken into account, we show, by theoretical modelling and numerical simulations based on survey data, that household income is a poor indicator of household well-being." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Women's working hours: the interplay between gender role attitudes, motherhood, and public childcare support in 23 European countries (2015)
Zitatform
Andringa, Wouter, Rense Nieuwenhuis & Minna van Gerven (2015): Women's working hours. The interplay between gender role attitudes, motherhood, and public childcare support in 23 European countries. In: The international journal of sociology and social policy, Jg. 35, H. 9/10, S. 582-599. DOI:10.1108/IJSSP-10-2014-0073
Abstract
"The purpose of this paper is to show how the interplay between individual women's gender role attitudes, having young children at home, as well as the country-context characterized by gender egalitarianism and public childcare support, relates to women's working hours in 23 European countries.
This study presents results of multilevel regression analyses of data from the European Social Survey (Round 2). These micro-level data on 23 European countries were combined with country-level measures on gender traditionalism and childcare expenditure.
The authors found that the negative association between having young children at home and women's working hours is stronger for women with traditional gender role attitudes compared to women with egalitarian attitudes. The gap in working hours between women with and without young children at home was smaller in countries in which the population holds egalitarian gender role attitudes and in countries with extensive public childcare support. Furthermore, it was found that the gap in employment hours between mothers with traditional or egalitarian attitudes was largest in countries with limited public childcare support.
Policy makers should take note that women's employment decisions are not dependent on human capital and household-composition factors alone, but that gender role attitudes matter as well. The authors could not find evidence of the inequality in employment between women with different gender role attitudes being exacerbated in association with childcare support.
The originality of this study lies in the combined (rather than separate) analysis of how countries' social policies (childcare services) and countries' attitudes (gender traditionalism) interact with individual gender role attitudes to shape cross-national variation in women's working hours." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
Public child care and mothers' labor supply: evidence from two quasi-experiments (2015)
Zitatform
Bauernschuster, Stefan & Martin Schlotter (2015): Public child care and mothers' labor supply. Evidence from two quasi-experiments. In: Journal of Public Economics, Jg. 123, H. March, S. 1-16. DOI:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2014.12.013
Abstract
"Public child care is expected to assist families in reconciling work with family life. Yet, empirical evidence for the relevance of public child care to maternal employment is inconclusive. We exploit the introduction of a legal claim to a place in kindergarten in Germany, which was contingent on day-of-birth cut-off dates and resulted in a marked increase in kindergarten attendance of three-year olds in the following years. Instrumental variable and difference-in-differences estimations on two individual-level data sets yield positive effects of public child care on maternal employment. A set of placebo treatment tests corroborate the validity of our identification strategies." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Life-cycle incidence of family policy measures in Germany: evidence from a dynamic microsimulation model (2015)
Zitatform
Bonin, Holger, Karsten Reuss & Holger Stichnoth (2015): Life-cycle incidence of family policy measures in Germany. Evidence from a dynamic microsimulation model. (ZEW discussion paper 2015-036), Mannheim, 25 S.
Abstract
"This paper quantifies the life-cycle incidence of key family policy measures in Germany. The analysis is based on a novel dynamic microsimulation model that combines simulated family life-cycles for a base population from the 2009 wave of the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) with a comprehensive tax-benefit model. The results indicate that households in Germany benefit considerably from family- and marriage-related transfers, yet also reveal substantial variation behind the population average. Moreover, it is shown that some measures, such as income tax splitting, may make individuals in fact worse off, in financial terms, over the long course, as a result of negative labour supply incentives which are rein-forced through detrimental effects on human capital accumulation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
What happens after the 'Daddy Months'?: fathers' involvement in paid work, childcare, and housework after taking parental leave in Germany (2015)
Zitatform
Bünning, Mareike (2015): What happens after the 'Daddy Months'? Fathers' involvement in paid work, childcare, and housework after taking parental leave in Germany. In: European Sociological Review, Jg. 31, H. 6, S. 738-748. DOI:10.1093/esr/jcv072
Abstract
"The German parental leave reform of 2007 created a new incentive for men to take parental leave by introducing 'daddy months': 2 months of well-remunerated leave exclusively reserved for fathers. Against the backdrop of the reform, this study examines how fathers' uptake of parental leave affects the amount of time they spend on paid work, housework, and childcare after the leave has ended. It investigates whether the effect of parental leave differs by the length of leave taken and by whether fathers took the leave alone or at the same time as their partners. Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel from 2006 to 2012 and Families in Germany from 2010 to 2012, the results of fixed-effects regressions indicate that fathers who took parental leave subsequently reallocated their time from work to home. They reduced their working hours and increased their involvement in childcare even after short and joint periods of parental leave. But only those who took >2 months of leave or were on leave while their partner was working subsequently increased their participation in housework. Hence, fathers increased their involvement in childcare already after short leaves, whereas enhanced gender equality in couples' division of labour especially emerged after longer or solo leaves." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Household behaviour and social norms: A conjugal contract model with conformism (2015)
Cudeville, Elisabeth; Recoules, Magali;Zitatform
Cudeville, Elisabeth & Magali Recoules (2015): Household behaviour and social norms: A conjugal contract model with conformism. In: Annals of economics and statistics H. 117/118, S. 279-312. DOI:10.15609/annaeconstat2009.117-118.279
Abstract
"This paper introduces conformism to a conjugal contract model, in order to explore the complex interactions between households' allocation decisions and conjugal social norms both of which are endogenously determined in the model. In couples, men and women are assumed to be relatively autonomous in the allocation of their resources, but linked through the production and the joint consumption of a domestic public good. Given that their relative market wages will generally differ, the husband and wife have an incentive to negotiate and agree upon an income sharing rule - a 'conjugal contract' - in order to benefit from specialization gains. The model departs from the existing literature by introducing conformism to the bargaining process concerning the conjugal contract. Through the conformism of individuals, the conjugal social norm influences the marital behaviour of couples and the allocation of family resources. But the social norm itself results endogenously from the aggregation of couples' marital agreements. The model consistently explains some empirical evidence that challenges traditional economic models of the household, notably the fact that women still bear the bulk of domestic tasks, even when they are better paid than their partner in the labour market. The model shows that wage policies promoting gender wage equality may lead men and women to share household duties more equally, but that conformism reduces their efficiency. The model also consistently explains the fact that new economic developments - such as women's increased labour-force participation - contribute to the reshaping of social expectations about the roles of men and women in domestic and child-caring activities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Reforming family taxation in Germany: labor supply versus insurance effects (2015)
Fehr, Hans; Kindermann, Fabian; Kallweit, Manuel;Zitatform
Fehr, Hans, Manuel Kallweit & Fabian Kindermann (2015): Reforming family taxation in Germany. Labor supply versus insurance effects. In: Finanzarchiv, Jg. 71, H. 1, S. 53-81. DOI:10.1628/001522115X14206439673170
Abstract
"The present paper quantifies the economic consequences of eliminating the system of income splitting in Germany. We apply a dynamic simulation model with overlapping generations where single and married agents decide on labor supply and homework under income and life-span risk. We compute welfare changes across households and isolate aggregate efficiency effects of a move towards either individual taxation or family splitting. In terms of economic efficiency a switch towards individual taxation performs better than family taxation, due to reduced labor market distortions and improved insurance provision. The efficiency increases even further when individual taxation is combined with a child-splitting factor. Since such a reform also has very favorable distributional consequences, it should be seriously considered in the political debate." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
From housewives to independent earners: how the tax system can help women to work in a context of strong familialism (2015)
Zitatform
Figari, Francesco (2015): From housewives to independent earners. How the tax system can help women to work in a context of strong familialism. In: Journal of social policy, Jg. 44, H. 1, S. 63-82. DOI:10.1017/S0047279414000555
Abstract
"The Southern European countries share a similar welfare system which does not perform well either in terms of equity or efficiency. Using EUROMOD, the EU-wide microsimulation model, this paper evaluates the enhancement of both the redistributive and the incentive effects of the Italian tax-benefit system by introducing either a family-based or an individual in-work benefit, financed through the abolition of the existing tax credit targeted at dependent adults. The results show an increase in the labour supply of women both in couples and lone mothers, in particular among the poorest, with important redistributive effects. The in-work benefits can contribute to the de-familialisation of the Mediterranean welfare states by reducing the reliance on the family and compensating the cost of services." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Long-term care reform and the labor supply of household members: evidence from a quasi-experiment (2015)
Zitatform
Geyer, Johannes & Thorben Korfhage (2015): Long-term care reform and the labor supply of household members. Evidence from a quasi-experiment. (DIW-Diskussionspapiere 1500), Berlin, 45 S.
Abstract
"Im Jahr 1995 wurde in Deutschland eine neue Pflegeversicherung eingeführt. Als Pflichtversicherung ist sie eine eigenständige Säule der Sozialversicherung und ersetzte ein System der einkommensabhängigen Sozialhilfe. Leistungen der neuen Pflegeversicherung werden durch den Grad der Pflegebedürftigkeit bestimmt und sind einkommensunabhängig. Da anspruchsberechtigte Pflegebedürftige zwischen Geld- und Sachleistungen wählen können, wurde die Situation von Haushalten, die häusliche, informelle Pflege organisieren müssen verbessert. Die informelle Pflege zu stärken war eines der wichtigsten Ziele der Pflegereform, da sie häufig als die kostengünstige Alternative im Vergleich zu formellen Pflege wahrgenommen wird. Diese Sichtweise ignoriert jedoch Opportunitätskosten, die entstehen, wenn Pflegende ihr Arbeitsangebot reduzieren, um die Doppelbelastung aus Pflege und Lohnarbeit abzuschwächen. Wir nutzen die Reform als Quasi-Experiment und untersuchen ihren Einfluss auf das Arbeitsangebot von Pflegenden, die mit einer pflegebedürftigen Person in einem Haushalt wohnen. Wir finden starke negative Arbeitsangebotseffekte für Männer, jedoch keine Effekte für Frauen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Optimal social assistance and unemployment insurance in a life-cycle model of family labor supply and savings (2015)
Haan, Peter; Prowse, Victoria;Zitatform
Haan, Peter & Victoria Prowse (2015): Optimal social assistance and unemployment insurance in a life-cycle model of family labor supply and savings. (DIW-Diskussionspapiere 1468), Berlin, 54 S.
Abstract
"We analyze empirically the optimal design of social insurance and assistance programs when families obtain insurance by making labor supply choices for both spouses. For this purpose, we specify a structural life-cycle model of the labor supply and savings decisions of singles and married couples. Partial insurance against wage and employment shocks is provided by social programs, savings and the labor supplies of all adult household members. The optimal policy mix focuses mainly on Social Assistance, which provides a permanent universal household income floor with a minor role for temporary earnings-related Unemployment Insurance. Reflecting that married couples obtain intra-household insurance by making labor supply choices for both spouses, the optimal generosity of Social Assistance decreases in the proportion of married individuals in the population. The link between optimal program design and the family context is strongest in low-educated populations." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Do couples bargain over fertility? (2015)
Zitatform
Hener, Timo (2015): Do couples bargain over fertility? In: Annals of economics and statistics H. 117/118, S. 211-231. DOI:10.15609/annaeconstat2009.117-118.211
Abstract
"Neoclassical theory predicts that opportunity costs depress fertility. This view may be oversimplifying. In a household bargaining framework, wages also affect the intra-household distribution and, thus, the investment in household public goods like children. We demonstrate in a standard collective model the interplay of child preferences with opportunity cost and bargaining power effects. Theory provides the seemingly counter-intuitive result that, under certain conditions, female wages can increase fertility. In the empirical analysis, we present results consistent with the prediction that for couples with discordant child preferences bargaining power affects fertility choices." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Von wegen Partnerschaftlichkeit. Erwerbsarbeit ist bei den meisten Paaren in Europa und den USA ungleich verteilt (2015)
Zitatform
Hipp, Lena & Kathrin Leuze (2015): Von wegen Partnerschaftlichkeit. Erwerbsarbeit ist bei den meisten Paaren in Europa und den USA ungleich verteilt. In: WZB-Mitteilungen H. 149, S. 18-20.
Abstract
"Warum teilen Paare in manchen Ländern bezahlte Arbeit egalitärer auf als in anderen? Die Analysen repräsentativer Daten aus Europa und den USA zeigen, dass diese Arbeitszeitunterschiede in den Ländern geringer ausfallen, in denen Einkommen individuell besteuert werden, Kinderbetreuung gut ausgebaut ist, Männer und Frauen ähnliche Stundenlöhne für gleiche Arbeit bekommen und in denen egalitäre Geschlechternormen vorherrschen. Damit liefert die Untersuchung Erkenntnisse für die aktuelle Diskussion um 'Partnerschaftlichkeit'." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Institutionelle Determinanten einer partnerschaftlichen Aufteilung von Erwerbsarbeit in Europa und den USA (2015)
Zitatform
Hipp, Lena & Kathrin Leuze (2015): Institutionelle Determinanten einer partnerschaftlichen Aufteilung von Erwerbsarbeit in Europa und den USA. In: Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie, Jg. 67, H. 4, S. 659-684. DOI:10.1007/s11577-015-0343-4
Abstract
"Warum teilen Paare in manchen Ländern bezahlte Arbeit egalitärer auf als in anderen? Mittels einer Mehrebenenanalyse von Daten der Europäischen Arbeitskräfteerhebung und des amerikanischen Current Population Surveys, denen wir Länderinformationen zugespielt haben, untersuchen wir in diesem Artikel, inwiefern Steuer- und Sozialgesetzgebung, nationale Arbeitsmarktcharakteristika und Geschlechternormen Arbeitszeitunterschiede innerhalb von heterosexuellen Paaren beeinflussen. Wir können zeigen, dass die Aufteilung von Erwerbsarbeit zwischen Partnern in den Ländern geringer ausfällt, in denen Einkommen individuell besteuert werden, Kinderbetreuung gut ausgebaut ist, Männer und Frauen ähnliche Stundenlöhne für gleiche Arbeit bekommen und in denen egalitäre Geschlechternormen vorherrschen. Mit diesen Erkenntnissen liefert der Artikel einen wichtigen Beitrag zur aktuellen politischen Diskussion um 'Partnerschaftlichkeit' und stärkt unser Verständnis für fortbestehende Geschlechterungleichheiten auf dem Arbeitsmarkt." (Autorenreferat, © Springer-Verlag)
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Literaturhinweis
Das Betreuungsgeld und seine Inanspruchnahme: Norwegen, Schweden und Deutschland im Vergleich (2015)
Zitatform
Höppner, Julia (2015): Das Betreuungsgeld und seine Inanspruchnahme. Norwegen, Schweden und Deutschland im Vergleich. (Schriften des Zentrums für Sozialpolitik Bremen 27), Frankfurt am Main: Campus-Verl., 257 S.
Abstract
"Linke Parteien sehen das Betreuungsgeld als Hemmnis für Geschlechtergleichheit und frühkindliche Bildung, Konservative dagegen als Instrument zur Förderung von Wahlfreiheit zwischen öffentlichen und privaten Betreuungsmodellen. Die Erfahrungen aus Skandinavien verdeutlichen, dass Eltern das Betreuungsgeld unterschiedlich häufig nutzen. Julia Höppner geht den Ursachen dieses Phänomens in einem Vergleich zwischen Norwegen und Schweden auf den Grund. Sie zeigt, wie sich die Inanspruchnahme des Betreuungsgelds in Deutschland voraussichtlich entwickeln wird." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)