Arbeitsbedingungen und Gesundheit von Beschäftigten
Der Zusammenhang von Arbeitsbedingungen bzw. Arbeitsbelastungen und der Gesundheit von Beschäftigten erhält durch die demografische Entwicklung, Digitalisierung und Klimawandel neues Gewicht. Wie muss Arbeit gestaltet sein, damit die Beschäftigten langfristig und gesund erwerbstätig sein können?
Dieses Themendossier dokumentiert die Ergebnisse empirischer Forschung der letzten Jahre.
Im Filter „Autorenschaft“ können Sie auf IAB-(Mit-)Autorenschaft eingrenzen.
-
Literaturhinweis
Cops, Teachers, Counselors: Stories from the Front Lines of Public Service (2022)
Maynard-Moody, Steven; Musheno, Michael;Zitatform
Maynard-Moody, Steven & Michael Musheno (2022): Cops, Teachers, Counselors. Stories from the Front Lines of Public Service. 277 S.
Abstract
"The new edition of Cops, Teachers, Counselors furthers the exploration of forces that shape the contours of frontline work. This line of inquiry is at the heart of street-level bureaucracy research, a field of study cutting across disciplines, including public administration, political science, social work, law and society, education, and criminal justice. The oft-cited 2003 edition pioneered a qualitative method of inquiry using workers' own voices and storytelling about fairness in the delivery of services. This NSF-supported field research reveals the ways workers engage in moral judgments, more than implementing laws and policies, to account for their decisions and actions. The new edition wraps an expanded framing around the original chapters, while maintaining a lively, approachable presentation style. It takes on a more enriched perspective of legality than the original, while retaining a focus on frontline work as a powerful source of cultural ordering. In addition to examining workers' stories of encounters, attention is given to the agency of the governed during interactional moments, the power dynamics in play during both interpersonal and group encounters, and patterns of practice that converge across distinctive service domains. The original edition describes two narratives that shape frontline workers' decisional judgments and the interplay between legality and morality: the state-agent and citizen-agent narratives. This edition adds the knowledge-agent narrative that stresses the importance of professional and field learning to decisional judgments. The book examines routine encounters of cops, teachers, and counselors with diverse publics when questions of justice and fairness are at play. This new edition speaks to contemporary issues at a time when frontline workers gained broad recognition for their heroic contributions to communities during the Covid 19 pandemic, as well as sustained condemnation for their embodiment of the brutal expression of racialized state power in police actions. The authors conclude with a focus on the significance of place and trust in building social inclusion on the frontlines of public service." (Authors abstract, IAB-Doku, © University of Michigan Press) ((en))
Weiterführende Informationen
Inhaltsverzeichnis vom Verlag -
Literaturhinweis
Depression and loneliness may predict work inefficiency among professionally active adults (2022)
Mokros, Łukasz ; Świtaj, Piotr ; Bieńkowski, Przemysław ; Sienkiewicz-Jarosz, Halina ; Święcicki, Łukasz ;Zitatform
Mokros, Łukasz, Piotr Świtaj, Przemysław Bieńkowski, Łukasz Święcicki & Halina Sienkiewicz-Jarosz (2022): Depression and loneliness may predict work inefficiency among professionally active adults. In: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jg. 95, H. 8, S. 1775-1783. DOI:10.1007/s00420-022-01869-1
Abstract
"Both depression and loneliness have been recognized as major public health issues, yet investigation into their role among young and middle-aged, professionally active persons is still required. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether depression and loneliness may independently predict inefficiency at work among professionally active adults." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Precarious employment and mental health across European welfare states: a gender perspective (2022)
Zitatform
Padrosa, Eva, Christophe Vanroelen, Carles Muntaner, Joan Benach & Mireia Julià (2022): Precarious employment and mental health across European welfare states: a gender perspective. In: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jg. 95, H. 7, S. 1463-1480. DOI:10.1007/s00420-022-01839-7
Abstract
"The aim of this article was to examine the relationship between precarious employment (PE), welfare states (WS) and mental health in Europe from a gender perspective. Data were derived from the European Working Conditions Survey 2015. PE was measured through the Employment Precariousness Scale for Europe (EPRES-E), validated for comparative research in 22 European countries, and categorized into quartiles. Countries were classified into Continental, Anglo-Saxon, Scandinavian, Southern and Central-Eastern WS. Mental health was assessed through the WHO-5 Well-Being Index and dichotomized into poor and good mental health. In a sample of 22,555 formal employees, we performed gender-stratified multi-level logistic regression models. Results showed greater prevalences of PE and poor mental health among women. However, the association between them was stronger among men. Cross-country differences were observed in multi-level regressions, but the interaction effect of WS was only significant among women. More precisely, Central-Eastern WS enhanced the likelihood of poor mental health among women in high precarious employment situations (quartiles 3 and 4). These findings suggest the interaction between contextual and individual factors in the production of mental health inequalities, both within and across countries. They also call for the incorporation of gender-sensitive welfare policies if equitable and healthy labor markets are to be achieved in Europe." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
A job is good, but is a good job healthier?: Longitudinal analyses on the health consequences of unemployment and precarious employment in Europe (2022)
Zitatform
Tattarini, Giulia (2022): A job is good, but is a good job healthier? Longitudinal analyses on the health consequences of unemployment and precarious employment in Europe. Potsdam, 182 S. DOI:10.25932/publishup-53672
Abstract
"Among all of the negative consequences of job loss and employment precariousness, this study focuses on (maybe) the less noticeable: decreases in individual health. It is a common belief that good health merely means the absence of disease or infirmity and that, consequently, it depends only on the access and quality of health care. However, as defined by the WHO, health can be regarded as ‘a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing (WHO 1948) and ‘the extent to which an individual or group is able on the one hand to realize aspirations and satisfy needs; and, on the other hand, to change or cope with the environment’ (WHO 1984)1 . In this sense, health is a comprehensive concept covering different dimensions of well-being and capacities and a personal and social resource necessary for living. Therefore, besides the most ‘proximal’ factors such as the formal health care settings and the most obvious being intrinsic biological characteristics such as age, sex, and genes, health and health inequalities2 depend on a wide range of social determinants3 , including work and employment (Solar and Alec 2010; Link and Phelan 1995; Wilkinson and Marmot 2003). Health, then, is not just a medical issue but a complex social and economic phenomenon and a critical social justice concern (Sen 2002). Although there are other crucial effects of unemployment and precarious work - such as on future careers as well as on economic well-being or fertility choices (e.g. Scherer 2004; 2009; Giesecke 2009; Giesecke and Groß 2003; Modena and Sabatini 2012; Del Bono, Weber, and Winter-Ebmer 2012; Kreyenfeld 2010; for a review on the far-reaching consequences of job loss see Brand 2015) - the effects on health are arguably the most remarkable. This study aims to advance our knowledge about the health consequences that unemployment and precariousness cause over the life course. In particular, I investigate which moderating factors may offset or increase the impact of employment instability and insecurity on individual health. In doing so, I focus on other social determinants of health, namely, gender, the family, and the broader cultural and institutional context." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Willingness to Pay for Workplace Safety (2021)
Zitatform
Anelli, Massimo & Felix Koenig (2021): Willingness to Pay for Workplace Safety. (CESifo working paper 9469), München, 59 S.
Abstract
"This paper develops a revealed-preference approach that uses budget constrain discontinuities to price workplace safety. We track hourly workers who face the decision of how many hours to work at varying levels of Covid-19 risk and leverage state-specific discontinuities in unemployment insurance eligibility criteria to identify the labor supply behavior. Results show large baseline responses at the threshold and increasing responses for higher health risks. The observed behavior implies that workers are willing to accept 34% lower incomes to reduce the fatality rate by one standard deviation, or 1% of income for a one in a million chance of dying." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Women and men in leadership positions: health and work-related attitudes and their associations with work-related stressors, private stressors, and privacy-work conflict (2021)
Zitatform
Galliker, Sibylle, Denise Nyffenegger, Norbert K. Semmer & Achim Elfering (2021): Women and men in leadership positions: health and work-related attitudes and their associations with work-related stressors, private stressors, and privacy-work conflict. In: Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft, Jg. 75, H. 1, S. 29-45. DOI:10.1007/s41449-020-00203-0
Abstract
"Die Vereinbarkeit von Berufs- und Privatleben ist für Führungskräfte schwierig. Eine repräsentative Stichprobe von 1070 Schweizer Führungskräften wurde zu Arbeitsstressoren (AS), privaten Stressoren (PS) und Arbeitsressourcen befragt. Einzelskalen wurden zu Indices zusammengefasst. Frauen berichteten höhere PS (Hedges' g = -0.66) und etwas niedrigere AS (g = 0.16). Höhere AS, nicht aber höhere PS sagten eine geringere affektive Bindung ans Unternehmen, geringere Arbeitszufriedenheit und grössere Fluktuationsabsicht vorher. AS und PS hingen mit stärkerer emotionaler Erschöpfung, schlechterem Gesundheitszustand und stärkeren psychosomatischen Beschwerden zusammen. Die Varianzaufklärung war jeweils grösser für AS als für PS. Die Arbeitsressourcen sagten sowohl Arbeitseinstellungen als auch Gesundheitsindikatoren vorher. Eine Zweifachinteraktion zeigte einen stärkeren Zusammenhang zwischen PS und emotionaler Erschöpfung bei Männern als bei Frauen; es zeigten sich keine Dreifachinteraktionen zwischen AS, PS und Geschlecht. Der Konflikt zwischen Privatleben und Arbeit (PWC) wurde als Mediator des Zusammenhangs zwischen PS und Arbeitszufriedenheit, emotionaler Erschöpfung, psychosomatischen Beschwerden und Gesundheitsstatus bestätigt. Entgegen der Erwartung war der Pfad zwischen PS und PWC bei Männern stärker als bei Frauen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
-
Literaturhinweis
The effect of paid vacation on health: evidence from Sweden (2021)
Zitatform
Hofmarcher, Thomas (2021): The effect of paid vacation on health: evidence from Sweden. In: Journal of Population Economics, Jg. 34, H. 3, S. 929-967. DOI:10.1007/s00148-020-00789-z
Abstract
"This study estimates the causal effect of paid vacation on health. Using register data on the universe of central government employees in Sweden, I exploit an age-based rule stipulated in the collective agreement covering these employees. I achieve identification by combining a regression discontinuity with a difference-in-differences design to control for time-invariant differences between consecutive birth cohorts and isolate the true effect at two separate discontinuities at ages 30 and 40. The main results indicate that an increase of three paid vacation days at age 30 and four days at age 40 do not cause significant changes in health, as proxied by visits to specialized outpatient care, inpatient admissions, and long-term sick leaves. These findings challenge the anecdotal view of additional paid vacation days as an adequate means to improve workers' health." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
The impact of automation and artificial intelligence on worker well-being (2021)
Zitatform
Nazareno, Luísa & Daniel S. Schiff (2021): The impact of automation and artificial intelligence on worker well-being. In: Technology in Society, Jg. 67. DOI:10.1016/j.techsoc.2021.101679
Abstract
"Discourse surrounding the future of work often treats technological substitution of workers as a cause for concern, but complementarity as a good. However, while automation and artificial intelligence may improve productivity or wages for those who remain employed, they may also have mixed or negative impacts on worker well-being. This study considers five hypothetical channels through which automation may impact worker well-being: influencing worker freedom, sense of meaning, cognitive load, external monitoring, and insecurity. We apply a measure of automation risk to a set of 402 occupations to assess whether automation predicts impacts on worker well-being along the dimensions of job satisfaction, stress, health, and insecurity. Findings based on a 2002–2018 dataset from the General Social Survey reveal that workers facing automation risk appear to experience less stress, but also worse health, and minimal or negative impacts on job satisfaction. These impacts are more concentrated on workers facing the highest levels of automation risk. This article encourages new research directions by revealing important heterogeneous effects of technological complementarity. We recommend that firms, policymakers, and researchers not conceive of technological complementarity as a uniform good, and instead direct more attention to mixed well-being impacts of automation and artificial intelligence on workers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Job separation and sick leave in the long-term care sector in England (2021)
Zitatform
Vadean, Florin & Eirini Saloniki (2021): Job separation and sick leave in the long-term care sector in England. (GLO discussion paper / Global Labor Organization 994), Essen, 37 S.
Abstract
"Staff turnover in the long-term care (LTC) sector in England is perceived to be relatively high. Most job leavers do not leave the sector, but rather move to other LTC employers. Nevertheless, there are concerns that the high 'churn' has a negative impact on continuity and quality of care, care providers' recruitment and training costs, and the remaining staff workload and motivation. Using a large employer-employee panel dataset, this study aimed to provide quantitative evidence on the drivers of LTC staff retention and sick leave in England, with a focus on job quality. After controlling for observed individual, organisational and local market characteristics as well as unobserved worker and employer heterogeneity, we found that, everything else being equal, wages and employment conditions (i.e. full time contracts and contracts with guaranteed working hours) significantly improve staff retention. The wage effect was significantly underestimated when not controlling for unobserved heterogeneity. Our findings show that improving pay and employment conditions for care staff employed by independent providers would reduce the staff turnover in LTC. We also found that, everything else being equal, the amount of sick leave was strongly associated with employment in publicly owned care establishments, most likely due to the relatively more generous sick leave terms they offer." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
A Structural Analysis of Mental Health and Labor Market Trajectories (2020)
Jolivet, Gregory; Postel-Vinay, Fabien;Zitatform
Jolivet, Gregory & Fabien Postel-Vinay (2020): A Structural Analysis of Mental Health and Labor Market Trajectories. (IZA discussion paper 13518), 59 S.
Abstract
"We conduct a joint dynamic analysis of individual labor market and mental health outcomes. We allow for a two-way interaction between work and mental health. We model selection in and out of employment as well as between jobs on a labor market with search frictions, where we account for the level of exposure to stress in each job using data on occupational health contents. We estimate our model on British data from Understanding Society combined with information from O*NET. We produce structural estimates of health dynamics as a function of job characteristics and of the effects of health and of job stress content on labor market decisions. We use our model to quantify the effects of job loss or health shocks that can propagate over the life cycle through both health and work channels. We also estimate the (large) values workers attach to health, employment or non-stressful jobs. Lastly, we investigate the consequences of structural labor market changes by evaluating the impact on health, employment and inequality of changes in the distribution of job health contents." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Being different, being absent?: A dynamic perspective on demographic dissimilarity and absenteeism in blue-collar teams (2020)
Zitatform
Reinwald, Max & Florian Kunze (2020): Being different, being absent? A dynamic perspective on demographic dissimilarity and absenteeism in blue-collar teams. In: Academy of Management Journal, Jg. 63, H. 3, S. 660-684. DOI:10.5465/amj.2018.0290
Abstract
Die Autoren beobachteten in einer Langzeitstudie über 800 Teams eines großen Schweizer Dienstleistungsunternehmens über sieben Jahre. Sie konzentrierten sich auf Geschlecht und Alter von neu ins Team kommenden Kolleginnen und Kollegen. Die These: Je unähnlicher ein neues Teammitglied, desto eher wird es in Situationen geraten, in denen es sich Diskriminierung ausgesetzt sieht. Solche Situationen, sogenannte Anker-Events, prägten dann die Wahrnehmung der Zusammenarbeit im Team auf Jahre hinaus. Als Maß für Unzufriedenheit und mangelnde Integration dienten Fehlzeiten (ausgenommen reguläre Urlaubstage, Fortbildungen, Mutterschutz etc.). Die Forscher erwarteten, dass Teammitglieder, die stark vom Rest der Gruppe abwichen, häufigere und längere Fehlzeiten ansammeln würden. "2.711 Personen haben wir ausgewertet, Teameintrittsdatum, Teamzusammensetzung, Teamwechsel und Fehlzeiten - alles natürlich komplett anonymisiert", berichtet Kunze. "Der Trend ist ziemlich deutlich: Im ersten Jahr nach einem Teamwechsel bleiben die Neuzugänge unauffällig, egal wie gut oder schlecht sie zum Gruppenschnitt passen. Aber danach steigt die Kurve an, und zwar teilweise ganz schön steil. Nach ein paar Jahren fehlen Frauen in reinen Männerteams und Ältere in sehr jungen Teams fast doppelt so viel wie Frauen und ältere Personen in ihnen ähnlichen Teams. Das sind dann durchschnittlich acht statt vier Tage im Jahr." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
-
Literaturhinweis
Arbeitsbedingungen in der Langzeitpflege in Österreich - die Perspektive der Beschäftigten (2019)
Zitatform
Bauer, Gudrun, Ricardo Rodrigues & Kai Leichsenring (2019): Arbeitsbedingungen in der Langzeitpflege in Österreich - die Perspektive der Beschäftigten. (European Centre for Social Welfare Policy and Research. Policy brief 2018,08), Wien, 11 S.
Abstract
"Um den zukünftigen Bedarf an formellen Pflege- und Betreuungsdiensten zu decken, wird eine wesentliche Steigerung der Zahl qualifizierter Pflege- und Betreuungspersonen notwendig sein. Dabei wird für Österreich, wie auch für andere europäische Länder, bereits jetzt ein zukünftiger Arbeitskräftemangel in der Langzeitpflege prognostiziert (siehe z.B. Fink et al., 2015; für Deutschland: Rothgang et al., 2017). Ausschlaggebend für die Berufswahl sowie für den Verbleib in der Pflege- und Betreuung sind die jeweiligen Arbeitsbedingungen der Beschäftigten, denn schlechte Arbeitsbedingungen gehen allgemein mit Absentismus sowie Problemen bei der Rekrutierung, hoher Fluktuation und der Abwanderung in andere Berufe einher (Colombo et al., 2011).
Im Rahmen der NORDCARE-Befragung in Österreich wurden daher die Arbeitsbedingungen in den Mobilen Sozial- und Gesundheitsdiensten sowie in Alten- und Pflegeheimen in drei Bundesländern in Österreich (Wien, Oberösterreich, Salzburg) aus Sicht der Beschäftigten untersucht (siehe Bauer et al., 2018). Im Anschluss an den ersten Policy-Brief zu dieser Studie, der einen Einblick in die Charakteristika der Beschäftigten in der Langzeitpflege und deren Arbeitsbereich gibt, widmet sich dieser Policy-Brief der Beurteilung konkreter Arbeitsbedingungen durch die Beschäftigten und beleuchtet jene Faktoren, welche die Arbeitsbedingungen in der Langzeitpflege wesentlich und in besonderem Ausmaß beeinflussen." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku) -
Literaturhinweis
Working conditions and health of older workers (2019)
Zitatform
Belloni, Michele, Raluca Elena Buia, Matija Kovacic & Elena Meschi (2019): Working conditions and health of older workers. In: A. Börsch-Supan, J. Bristle, K. Andersen-Ranberg, A. Brugiavini, F. Jusot, H. Litwin & G. Weber (Hrsg.) (2019): Health and socio-economic status over the life course : First results from SHARE Waves 6 and 7, S. 157-163. DOI:10.1515/9783110617245-016
Abstract
"In this chapter, we studied the relationship between working conditions and three health outcomes in a large sample of older workers in Europe. Our results suggest that job quality is an important predictor of individual health and show that some job features are more important than others. For example, physical environment and work intensity are particularly relevant predictors of general health, whereas low job security and uncertain career prospects are significantly associated with affective or emotional disorders.
Our findings have some potentially important policy implications. First, older workers appear sensitive to some specific job features. Therefore, effort needs to be made to monitor and improve these features, and the tasks and duties of the individual worker can be redesigned to reduce physical health risks. Second, policymakers should consider that staying longer in the workforce might have adverse effects on workers' health, especially in occupations characterised by poor job quality. Therefore, any increase in the legal retirement age should be accompanied by policies that benefit the most vulnerable workers and jobs. We should acknowledge that our empirical strategy does not allow us to determine a causal effect among the variables at this stage. It might be the case that a selection process occurs in which people's health status channels them into certain types of jobs. Therefore, future research should be undertaken to uncover the mechanisms that lie behind the work/health nexus." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
Longitudinal employment trajectories and health in middle life: Insights from linked administrative and survey data (2019)
Zitatform
Devillanova, Carlo, Michele Raitano & Emanuela Struffolino (2019): Longitudinal employment trajectories and health in middle life. Insights from linked administrative and survey data. In: Demographic Research, Jg. 40, S. 1375-1412. DOI:10.4054/DemRes.2019.40.47
Abstract
"The paper adopts a long-term perspective in analysing the association between health and employment histories, often characterized by substantial mobility over time across multiple statuses and contractual arrangements. The available evidence is largely based on static or short-run dynamic approaches and only compares across few employment statuses." (Author's abstract, © Max-Planck-Institut für demographische Forschung) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Linking decent work with physical and mental health: A psychology of working perspective (2019)
Duffy, Ryan D. ; Buyukgoze-Kavas, Aysenur; Gensmer, Nicholas P.; England, Jessica W.; Raque-Bogdan, Trisha L.; Kim, Haram J. ; Douglass, Richard P. ;Zitatform
Duffy, Ryan D., Haram J. Kim, Nicholas P. Gensmer, Trisha L. Raque-Bogdan, Richard P. Douglass, Jessica W. England & Aysenur Buyukgoze-Kavas (2019): Linking decent work with physical and mental health. A psychology of working perspective. In: Journal of vocational behavior, Jg. 112, H. June, S. 384-395. DOI:10.1016/j.jvb.2019.05.002
Abstract
"Drawing from a psychology of working perspective, the current study examined links between decent work and health among a sample (N?=?497) of employed adults with an annual household income under $50,000. A theory driven mediation model was tested positioning decent work as a predictor of mental and physical health via need satisfaction at work. Decent work strongly predicted survival, social contribution, and self-determination need satisfaction. Regarding mental health, hypotheses were mainly supported as all three need satisfactions mediated the link of decent work to mental health. Regarding physical health, hypotheses were partially supported as only survival needs partially mediated this relation. Overall, findings suggest that securing decent work may promote increased mental health primarily because work is meeting individual needs and may promote physical health - in part - by helping meet survival needs. Implications for practice and future research are discussed." (Author's abstract, © 2019 Elsevier) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Men's income trajectories and physical and mental health at midlife (2019)
Zitatform
Frech, Adrianne & Sarah Damaske (2019): Men's income trajectories and physical and mental health at midlife. In: American Journal of Sociology, Jg. 124, H. 5, S. 1372-1412. DOI:10.1086/702775
Abstract
"Using time-varying, prospectively measured income in a nationally representative sample of baby-boomer men (the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1979), the authors identify eight group-based trajectories of income between ages 25 and 49 and use multinomial treatment models to describe the associations between group-based income trajectories and mental and physical health at midlife. The authors find remarkable rigidity in income trajectories: less than 25% of the sample experiences significant upward or downward mobility between ages 25 and 49, and most who move remain or move into poverty. Men's physical and mental health at age 50 is strongly associated with their income trajectories, and some upwardly mobile men achieve the same physical and mental health as the highest earning men after adjusting for selection. The worse physical and mental health of men on other income trajectories is largely attributable to their early life disadvantages, health behaviors, and cumulative work experiences." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
Frühes Eingreifen bei psychischer Arbeitsunfähigkeit als ambivalente Strategie (2019)
Zitatform
Gonon, Anna (2019): Frühes Eingreifen bei psychischer Arbeitsunfähigkeit als ambivalente Strategie. In: WSI-Mitteilungen, Jg. 72, H. 5, S. 335-342. DOI:10.5771/0342-300X-2019-5-335
Abstract
"Angesichts steigender Zahlen psychisch bedingter Arbeitsunfähigkeit lautet die sozialpolitische Empfehlung, auf Frühintervention am Arbeitsplatz zu setzen. Ein möglichst frühes Eingreifen soll verhindern, dass psychische Gesundheitsprobleme ernster werden und zum Verlust der Arbeitsstelle führen. Inhaltlich ist das Prinzip des frühen Eingreifens jedoch unbestimmt. Der Beitrag untersucht anhand einer qualitativen Studie in zwei Versicherungs- und einem Industrieunternehmen in der Schweiz, wie betriebliche Akteure das Prinzip des frühen Eingreifens in der Wiedereingliederung psychisch erkrankter Beschäftigter umsetzen und welche Rolle es in ihren Strategien spielt. Die analysierten Praktiken der Frühintervention zielen darauf ab, die Akzeptanz für das eingeschränkte Arbeitsvermögen der Betroffenen zu fördern. Die Akteure blenden betriebliche Faktoren, die zu psychischen Belastungen beitragen, jedoch tendenziell aus. Frühe Interventionen unterstützen die Beschäftigten dabei, sich den Leistungsanforderungen optimal anzupassen, werden aber nicht darauf ausgerichtet, gesundheitliche Risiken am Arbeitsplatz frühzeitig zu beseitigen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
-
Literaturhinweis
Job characteristics, job preferences, and physical and mental health in later life (2019)
Zitatform
Hardie, Jessica Halliday, Jonathan Daw & S. Michael Gaddis (2019): Job characteristics, job preferences, and physical and mental health in later life. In: Socius, Jg. 5, S. 1-18. DOI:10.1177/2378023119836003
Abstract
"Existing research linking socioeconomic status with work focuses primarily on the precursors (educational attainment) and outcomes (income) of work, rather than asking how diverse facets of work influence health. Using four waves of data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, the authors evaluate whether multiple measures of respondent job characteristics, respondent preferences for those characteristics, and their interaction substantially improve the fit of sociological models of men's and women's physical and mental health at midlife and old age compared with traditional models using educational attainment, parental socioeconomic status, and income. The authors find that nonwage job characteristics predict men's and women's physical and mental health over the life course, although there is little evidence that the degree to which one's job accords with one's job preferences matters for health. These findings expand what is known about how work matters for health, demonstrating how the manner and condition under which one works has lasting impacts on well-being." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
The moderating effect of trust in management on consequences of job insecurity (2019)
Zitatform
Jiang, Lixin & Tahira M. Probst (2019): The moderating effect of trust in management on consequences of job insecurity. In: Economic and Industrial Democracy, Jg. 40, H. 2, S. 409-433. DOI:10.1177/0143831X16652945
Abstract
"Using data from 1071 staff and administrative professionals at a large university experiencing repeated rounds of budget cuts, this article examines the attenuating effect of trust in management on the negative consequences of job insecurity. Results show that job insecurity was associated with increased burnout and psychological distress as well as decreased work and supervisor satisfaction and affective commitment. However, trust in management was negatively related to burnout and psychological distress but positively related to work and supervisor satisfaction and affective commitment. More importantly, trust in management was found to consistently buffer the relationships between job insecurity and these job-related outcomes. Implications for successfully managing job insecurity during times of organizational or economic upheaval are discussed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
-
Literaturhinweis
What's not fair about work keeps me up: Perceived unfairness about work impairs sleep through negative work-to-family spillover (2019)
Zitatform
Lee, Soomi, Jacqueline A. Mogle, Chandra L. Jackson & Orfeu M. Buxton (2019): What's not fair about work keeps me up: Perceived unfairness about work impairs sleep through negative work-to-family spillover. In: Social science research, Jg. 81, H. July, S. 23-31. DOI:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2019.03.002
