Zitatform

Hsu, Chen-Hao & Henriette Engelhardt (2024): On the Relationship between Telework and Health in Germany: Causal or Selection Effects? In: Socius, Jg. 10. DOI:10.1177/23780231241245227

Abstract

"Teleworking has become a popular work arrangement in many developed countries. Although there are heated public debates over the benefits of teleworking, empirical evidence on the causal relationship between teleworking and health is still rare. Using panel data from the German BAuA Working Time Survey (2015, 2017, and 2019), the authors investigated the effects of teleworking on health and well-being. The authors applied an innovative research design to underscore different sources of selection. Overall, no concrete evidence was found for the positive effect of teleworking on workers’ self-reported health, quality of sleep, and psychosomatic conditions. The ostensible better health outcomes among teleworkers could be partially explained by the positive selection on both prior levels and prior trajectories of health into teleworking. Moreover, the health impacts of telework were contingent on workers’ gender and parenthoodstatus and the intensity of teleworking. These findings indicate that the positive association between teleworking and health appears to reflect selection bias rather than a causal relationship in Germany before the COVID-19 pandemic." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Irvine, Annie & Nikolas Rose (2024): How Does Precarious Employment Affect Mental Health? A Scoping Review and Thematic Synthesis of Qualitative Evidence from Western Economies. In: Work, Employment and Society, Jg. 38, H. 2, S. 418-441. DOI:10.1177/09500170221128698

Abstract

"This article offers a scoping review and thematic synthesis of qualitative research on the relationship between precarious employment and mental health. Systematic searches of primary qualitative research in western economies, focused on insecure contracts and a broad conceptualisation of mental health, identified 32 studies. Thematic synthesis revealed four core experiences of precarious employment: financial instability, temporal uncertainty, marginal status and employment insecurity, each connected with multiple, interrelated experiences/responses at four thematic levels: economic, socio-relational, behavioural and physical, leading to negative mental health effects. Reported mental health outcomes could be predominantly understood as reductions in ‘positive mental health’. Findings are theoretically located in models of work-family conflict and latent deprivation; insecure work constrains access to benefits of time structure, social contacts, social purposes, status and identity, which correlate with psychological wellbeing. Frequently failing also to provide the manifest (financial) benefits of work, insecure employment poses mental health risks on both fronts." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Joffe, Michael (2024): Evaluating Economic Success. Happiness, Health, and Basic Human Needs. (Wellbeing in Politics and Policy), Cham: Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan, XV, 116 S. DOI:10.1007/978-3-031-57671-3

Abstract

"“Economics aims to be the study of making people's lives better, but the focus has for too long been too narrow. This book makes a compelling case for measures of economic progress that go beyond GDP growth to put human wellbeing firmly in the spotlight, setting out a new system for assessing success.” -- Dame Diane Coyle, Bennett Professor of Public Policy, University of Cambridge, UK “Michael Joffe's book complements the growing criticisms to GDP as the sole (or main) metric to measure economic success with new outcome indicators that measure attainment of human needs and well-being. From this point of view, it is not only a step forward in the direction of overcoming the old and counterproductive economic metrics, but it puts forward a practical, actionable approach to measuring economic “growth” in a completely different way. I hope this book will have the reception it deserves, as a clear theoretical essay and a source of concrete and novel metrics for economics based on human needs”. -- Paolo Vineis, Professor of Environmental Epidemiology, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK This open access book argues that a new policy approach is required in order to tackle the numerous problems the world is currently facing. The priority should be on achieving better outcomes for people, especially those facing deprivation or precariousness, by meeting their basic needs. In order to achieve this, the book develops a monitoring system that can act as an objective, an incentive, and a criterion of success for policy makers at all levels of government and in civil society, as well as providing information to guide specific actions. In doing so, the book aims to promote good health and positive social functioning by providing a new approach to help assess how well basic human needs are being met. This involves monitoring the outcomes of the economy that ought to satisfy these needs. It will appeal to all those interested in public policy, official statistics and monitoring, public health and wellbeing, as well as practitioners. Michael Joffe is affiliated with the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, UK. He writes on topics in economics. ." (Provided by publisher)

Zitatform

Junça-Silva, Ana & António Caetano (2024): How good is teleworking? Development and validation of the tele attitude scale. In: Quality & quantity, Jg. 58, H. 5, S. 4941-4958. DOI:10.1007/s11135-024-01887-w

Abstract

"The objective of this study was to develop and validate a measure called the Tele Attitude Scale (TAS). This measure aims to evaluate relevant aspects of the teleworking experience related to its perceived effects regarding, for instance: job characteristics, perceived productivity, quality of work-related interactions, work-non-work balance, and well-being. Four studies were conducted between 2021 and 2022. First, a qualitative study was conducted to develop the scale (N = 80). Afterward, a second study to explore the scale’s factorial structure (N = 602) was developed. A third study served to analyze its internal validity and reliability (N = 232). A fourth study analyzed the criterion validity of the scale by exploring its correlations with measures of health, affect, and performance (N = 837 teleworkers). The findings revealed that the 10-item scale accounted for a unique factor and that it was a reliable measure. Moreover, the results also showed that the scale was significantly related to measures of health, affect, and performance, thus supporting its convergent and criterion validity. This research advances the knowledge about telework by proposing a user-friendly scale to measure teleworking, specifically how workers perceive their experience of it and how it may impact them at several levels. Thus, the TAS can not only fill a gap in the research but also help organizations evaluate and support teleworkers’ needs and subsequent satisfaction while teleworking." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))

Zitatform

Klemm, Anne-Kathrin, Franz Knieps & Holger Pfaff (Hrsg.) (2024): BKK Gesundheitsreport 2024: Spurwechsel Prävention. (BKK-Gesundheitsreport 47), Berlin: MWV Medizinisch Wissenschaftliche Verlagsges. mbH & Co. KG, 321 S.

Abstract

Deutschlands Beschäftigte melden sich immer öfter krank, kehren aber nach relativ kurzer Zeit wieder an ihren Arbeitsplatz zurück. Das ist ein Ergebnis des heute veröffentlichten BKK Gesundheitsreports „Spurwechsel Prävention“ des BKK Dachverbands. Den Zahlen zufolge ist die Zahl der Krankschreibungen im Jahr 2023 hierzulande mit 22,4 Fehltagen pro Beschäftigtem zwar im Vergleich zum Vorjahr leicht gesunken, der Krankenstand verharrt allerdings noch immer auf hohem Niveau. Grund hierfür sind vor allem überdurchschnittlich viele Krankmeldungen aufgrund von Atemwegserkrankungen, die auf parallele Infektionswellen mit unterschiedlichen viralen Erregern zurückzuführen sind. Zudem melden sich immer mehr Beschäftigte wegen psychischen Krankheiten arbeitsunfähig. Viele Betroffene sind oft erst nach Wochen oder Monaten wieder einsatzfähig. Der Fokus des diesjährigen BKK Gesundheitsreports richtet sich auf nachhaltige Prävention und die Frage, wie sich Krankheiten durch gezielte, maßgeschneiderte Maßnahmen im Privatleben und am Arbeitsplatz verhindern lassen.

Zitatform

Koch, Michael & Magnus Lodefalk (2024): Artificial Intelligence and Worker Stress: Evidence from Germany. (Working Papers / Örebro University, School of Business 2024,5), Örebro, 38 S.

Abstract

"We use individual survey data providing detailed information on stress, technology adoption, and work, worker, and employer characteristics, in combination with recent measures of AI and robot exposure, to investigate how new technologies affect worker stress. We find a persistent negative relationship, suggesting that AI and robots could reduce the stress level of workers. We furthermore provide evidence on potential mechanisms to explain our findings. Overall, the results provide suggestive evidence of modern technologies changing the way we perform our work in a way that reduces stress and work pressure." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Kunaschk, Max (2024): The effects of minimum wages on employment and Prices - Evidence from the hairdressing sector. In: Labour Economics, Jg. 88, 2024-04-04. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2024.102540

Abstract

"This paper provides comprehensive evidence on the labor and product market effects of a high-impact minimum wage introduction in the highly competitive hairdressing sector. Using detailed administrative data, I find negligible overall employment effects, even though the minimum wage substantially increased hourly wages. However, sub-group analyses reveal considerable heterogeneity in the estimated employment effects and suggest shifts away from marginal towards regular employment. Analyses of the price effects suggest that the reform increased output prices considerably, implying that consumers largely paid for the minimum wage." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Elsevier) ((en))

Zitatform

Leitner, Sandra M. (2024): Working from Home and Mental Well-being in the EU at Different Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Gendered Look at Key Mediators. (WIIW working paper 244), Wien, 44 S.

Abstract

"This paper analyses the relationship between working from home (WFH) and mental well-being at different stages during the first two critical years of the COVID-19 pandemic, when governments repeatedly imposed lockdowns and enacted WFH mandates to contain the spread of the virus. Using data from a representative survey conducted at four different time periods in 2020 (first lockdown, subsequent gradual reopening), 2021 (further lockdown) and 2022 (restrictions widely lifted) in the 27 EU member states, it examines the potentially changing role of several mediators over time, such as work-family conflict, family-work conflict, stability, resilience, isolation, the importance of different support networks, workload, physical risk of contracting COVID-19 at work, and housing conditions. For the first lockdown, it also differentiates by previous WFH experience, in terms of WFH novices and experienced WFH workers. It differentiates by gender, in order to take the potential gendered nature and effect of COVID-19 measures into account. The results show that while there was no direct relationship between WFH and mental well-being, there are several important mediators whose relevance was specific not only to certain stages of the pandemic, but also to previous experience with WFH and gender. Stability is the only mediator that was relevant over the entire two-year pandemic period. Work-family conflict and family-work conflict were only relevant during the first lockdown, while resilience and isolation mattered especially when most of the EU economies had lifted most of their restrictions. Unlike established WFH workers, WFH novices had an advantage during the first lockdown, benefiting from lower family-work conflict and more helpful networks of family and friends. Moreover, our results differ by gender for females who undertook WFH, important mediators were work-family conflict and family-work conflict. Both were related to adjustments they had to make in work and non-work" (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Mambrey, Viola & Adrian Loerbroks (2024): Psychosocial working conditions as determinants of slips and lapses, and poor social interactions with patients among medical assistants in Germany: A cohort study. In: PLoS ONE, Jg. 19. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0296977

Abstract

"Objective: We sought to examine the relationship of unfavorable psychosocial working conditions with slips and lapses and poor patient interaction as well as potential intermediate factors among medical assistants (MAs) in Germany based on prospective data. Methods: We used data from 408 MAs from a 4-year cohort study (follow-up: 2021). At baseline, psychosocial working conditions were assessed by the established effort-reward-imbalance questionnaire and a MA-specific questionnaire with 7 subscales. Frequency of slips and lapses (e.g., pertaining to measurements and documentation) and the quality of patient interactions (e.g., unfriendliness or impatience) due to work stress were assessed at follow-up with three items each (potential score ranges = 3–15). Potential intermediate factors atbaseline included work engagement (i.e., vitality and dedication (UWES)), work satisfaction (COPSOQ), anxiety (GAD-2), depressiveness (PHQ-2), and self-reported health. We ran multivariable linear regression using z-standardized exposures to estimate unstandardized coefficients (B) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Potential intermediate factors were added separately to the regression models. Attenuation of the association between exposure and outcome toward the null value (B = 0) was interpreted as mediation. Results: High reward and lack of resources were weakly associated with the frequency of slips and lapses (the Bs were -0.18 and 0.23, respectively; p<0.05), with little evidence of mediation. With the exception of low recognition, all unfavorable psychosocial working conditions predicted a higher frequency of poor interactions with patients (p-values<0.01). These associations were attenuated by work engagement, work satisfaction, and health outcomes. Conclusion: We found mostly non-significant associations between adverse psychosocial working conditions and the frequency of slips and lapses. However, unfavorable psychosocial working conditions among MAs predicted a higher frequency of poor interaction with patients due to stress." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Nekoei, Arash, Jósef Sigurdsson & Dominik Wehr (2024): The Economic Burden of Burnout. (CESifo working paper 11128), München, 84 S.

Abstract

"We study the economic consequences of stress-related occupational illnesses (burnout) using Swedish administrative data. Using a mover design, we find that high-burnout firms and stressful occupations universally raise burnout risk yet disproportionately impact low-stress-tolerance workers. Workers who burn out endure permanent earnings losses regardless of gender—while women are three times more susceptible. Repercussions of burnout extend to the worker’s family, reducing spousal income and children’s educational achievements. Through sick leaves, earnings scars, and spillovers, burnout reduced the national labor income by 2.3% in 2019. We demonstrate how estimated costs, combined with a prediction model incorporating workers ’ self-reported stress, can improve the design of prevention programs." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Parent-Thirion, Agnès, Tina Weber & Jorge Cabrita (2024): Working conditions and sustainable work. Job quality side of climate change. (Eurofound research report / European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions), Dublin, 62 S.

Abstract

"Climate change will have a profound impact not only on living conditions but also on Europe’s labour markets, working conditions and job quality. To understand the implications of climate change for working life, it is important to distinguish between its direct impact and the impact of climate change policies. This report aims to contribute to the discussion by examining national-level research and debate on the impact of climate change and environmental degradation on job quality, in particular in occupations likely to be impacted by greening." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Pihl-Thingvad, Signe, Vera Winter, Michelle Schelde Hansen & Jurgen Willems (2024): Relationships matter: how workplace social capital affects absenteeism of public sector employees. In: Public Management Review, Jg. 26, H. 4, S. 1033-1060. DOI:10.1080/14719037.2022.2142652

Abstract

"Although absenteeism is a key concern in most western societies, research on reducing absenteeism in public sector organizations is scarce, particularly regarding the impact of organizational relationships. By building on the concept of workplace social capital (WSC) and using a large longitudinal cohort of Danish municipal employees, this study shows that three types of WSC (bridging, direct-leader-linking, and top-level-linking WSC) reduce absenteeism, while there is no significant effect of bonding WSC. Our empirical results further suggest that the relationships with the immediate leader and the top management (direct-leader-linking and top-level-linking WSC) are most important for employees' absenteeism." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Reich, Ricarda (2024): Work hour mismatches and sickness absence and the moderating role of human resource practices: Evidence from Germany. In: German Journal of Human Resource Management, Jg. 38, H. 1, S. 25-58. DOI:10.1177/23970022231193085

Abstract

"Working time mismatches - and especially overemployment - continue to be a highly relevant topic in German legislation, business practice and in research. However, it has been rather neglected in empirical absenteeism research. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the relationship between contractual overemployment, that is, the difference between contractual and preferred working hours, and sickness absence in Germany. Furthermore, this study explores the moderating role of HR practices (flexible work arrangements and part-time employment) on this relationship. Therefore, I conduct two-level negative binomial regression analyses, using data from the German Socio-economic panel (GSOEP). In line with the JD-R model, results indicate that overemployment (especially overemployment of 6-10 hours compared to a work hour match) is positively related to sickness absence. However, the moderating role of flexible work arrangements, that is, the buffer effect of working time autonomy on this link cannot be confirmed. Moreover, the results suggest that part-time employment amplifies the relationship between overemployment (1-5 hours) and sickness absence for females only. This study highlights the need to move away from standardised work hour arrangements. Indeed, it is one of the first studies that emphasises the role of preference-based contractual working hours in reducing absenteeism, also and especially because standard HR practices do not mitigate overemployment-related absenteeism, but can in fact exacerbate it. Furthermore, this study contributes to theory and literature, by extending the JD-R model to overemployment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Rick, Vera B., Marie Stebner, Larissa Dräger, Annika Franken, Alexander Mertens & Verena Nitsch (2024): Effects of AI-based technologies on employees’ work engagement: Implications for the human-centered design of digital work. In: Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft, Jg. 78, H. 3, S. 323-334. DOI:10.1007/s41449-024-00438-1

Abstract

"Ein wichtiges Ziel des regionalen Kompetenzzentrums AKzentE4.0 ist die Unterstützung von Unternehmen im Rheinischen Revier bei der menschengerechten Gestaltung ihrer digitalen Transformation auf Basis arbeitswissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse. Um evidenzbasierte Leitlinien für die menschengerechte Gestaltung von KI-gestützter Arbeit ableiten zu können, sind weitere Erkenntnisse darüber notwendig, wie sich der Einsatz von KI auf die Merkmale menschengerechter Arbeitsgestaltung auswirkt und wie sich dies von der Nutzung digitaler Technologien im Allgemeinen unterscheiden. Zu diesem Zweck wurde eine Sekundäranalyse einer im Kontext von AKzentE4.0 durchgeführten Fragebogenstudie vorgenommen. Der analysierte Datensatz umfasste Rückmeldungen von N= 825 digitalen Informationsarbeitenden. Dabei wurden zwei zentrale Forschungsfragen untersucht: 1. Unterscheidet sich die Wahrnehmung des Arbeitsengagements zwischen Nutzenden von KI-Systemen und Nicht-Nutzenden? 2. Welche Merkmale der menschengerechten Arbeitsgestaltung sagen das Arbeitsengagement bei der Arbeit mit KI voraus und gibt es Unterschiede im Vergleich zu denjenigen, die nicht mit KI arbeiten? Praktische Relevanz: Die Ergebnisse machen deutlich, dass eine menschzentrierte und menschengerechte Gestaltung KIgestützter Arbeit insbesondere auf die Bereitstellung sinnvoller Aufgaben für die Beschäftigten, die Unterstützung durch Vorgesetzte und die Wahrung der Autonomie der Beschäftigten ausgerichtet sein sollte. Insbesondere der Aspekt der sinnvollen Arbeit kann durch die Technik gefährdet werden. Damit KI-Systeme am Arbeitsplatz gesundheitserhaltend und lernförderlich wirken können, sollte bereits bei ihrer Entwicklung darauf geachtet werden, dass sie die Arbeit gezielt unterstützen und nicht ersetzen sowie sinnvolle Arbeitsaufgaben fördern. Zudem sollten die Beschäftigten mit Unterstützung ihrer Vorgesetzten auch die Möglichkeit haben, über den Einsatz und die Nutzung von KI-Systemen selbst zu bestimmen, um eine größere Autonomie und Handlungsfähigkeit zu erhalten." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

Zitatform

Riso, Sara (2024): Workplace bullying, harassment and cyberbullying: Are regulations and policies fit for purpose? (Eurofound research report / European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions), Dublin, 47 S. DOI:10.2806/8853437

Zitatform

Scherrer, Christoph & Ismail Doga Karatepe (Hrsg.) (2024): Arbeit in der Lieferkette. Miserable Arbeitsbedingungen auf See und in den Häfen. Hamburg: VSA-Verlag, 190 Seiten.

Abstract

"Diese Studie konzentriert sich auf die maritimen Aspekte des Bananentransports und die Vorgänge in und um die genannten Häfen. Die Analyse des Seehafenhinterlandverkehrs, der die Beförderung von Gütern im Hinterland, in erster Linie per Lkw und gelegentlich per Bahn, sowie die Zubringerdienste auf den Flüssen umfasst, wird absichtlich nicht berücksichtigt. Wir sind uns darüber im Klaren, dass eine eingehende Untersuchung des Hinterlandtransports ein anderes Forschungsumfeld erfordern würde, was den Rahmen der vorliegenden Studie sprengen würde. Das Team bestand neben uns aus acht Forscher*innen, die in Kolumbien, Costa Rica und Deutschland tätig sind. Die Forscher*innen in Kolumbien und Costa Rica konzentrierten sich auf die Arbeitsbedingungen in den jeweiligen Häfen, während ihre Kolleg*innen in Deutschland sich speden drei wichtigsten Terminals in Europa befassten. Darüber hinaus waren die deutschen Forscher für die Untersuchung der Arbeitsbedingungen auf See im Rahmen des Forschungsprojektes verantwortlich. Wir verfolgten eine pragmatische Strategie des Einsatzes verschiedener empirischer Instrumente für die Forschung. Zunächst war unser Ziel, durch Experteninterviews mehrere Perspektiven auf die untersuchten Arbeitsbedingungen zu gewinnen. Wir führten nicht nur Interviews mit Gewerkschaftern und Organisationen zur Unterstützung von Seeleuten, wie z.B. Seemannsmissionen, sondern auch mit Vertreter*innen von Unternehmen, um ein umfassendes Verständnis der verschiedenen Perspektiven auf die Arbeitsbedingungen in Häfen und auf See zu erlangen. Um die am Bananenhandel beteiligten Akteure zu identifizieren, nutzten wir den Panjiva-Datensatz, der handelsspezifische Informationen für jedes Unternehmen enthält, die wir von den Zollbehörden erhalten haben. Als zweiten Schritt versuchten wir, die Stimmen von Hafenarbeiter*innen und Seeleuten durch ausführliche Interviews, Papier- und Online-Umfragen, Fokusgruppendiskussionen und Recherchen in sozialen Medien zu erfassen." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku, © VSA Verlag)

Zitatform

Silvestre, Maria João, Sónia P. Gonçalves & Maria João Velez (2024): Slow Work: The Mainstream Concept. In: Social Sciences, Jg. 13, H. 3. DOI:10.3390/socsci13030178

Abstract

"The global acceleration of the pace of life has led to an increase in working hours, time pressure, and intensification of work tasks in organizations, with consequences for the physical and psychological health of workers. This acceleration and its consequences make it especially relevant to consider the principles of the slow movement and how they can be applied to the work context, focusing on the importance of slowing down the current pace of work and its implications for the sustainability of people and organizations. The key purpose of this study is to define the concept of slow work and understand its relationship with individual and organisational factors in order to extract the structuring dimensions, enabling its empirical study and practical application. Using grounded theory methodology, we conducted 12 semi-structured interviews with leaders of organizations from different sectors. Data analysis was performed using the MAXQDA programme. It was concluded that slow work is a way of working that respects the balance between individual rhythms and the objectives of the organization, in favor of the sustainability of both parties, and that advocates qualitative goals, thinking time, individual recovery, purpose, and the humanisation of work. The main contribution is the conceptualisation of a construct that may be used in future studies, as well as in the development of organisational policies promoting the slow work culture." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Staff, Jeremy & Jeylan T. Mortimer (2024): Work Experience and Mental Health from Adolescence to Mid-Life. In: Social forces, Jg. 103, H. 1, S. 305-326. DOI:10.1093/sf/soae067

Abstract

"The etiology of psychological differences among those who pursue distinct lines of work have long been of scholarly interest. A prevalent early and continuing assumption is that experiences on the job influence psychological development; contemporary analysts focus on dimensions indicative of mental health. Still, such work-related psychological differences may instead be attributable to selection processes to the extent that individuals can choose, or be selected to, different lines of work, based on their prior characteristics. Whereas much attention has been directed to employment per se as a key determinant of mental health, we consider work status (employed or not) and hours of work, as well as work quality, including both intrinsic and extrinsic dimensions among those who are employed. We also investigate differences in the effects of work experiences on mental health in distinct phases of the work career. Drawing on eleven waves of longitudinal data obtained from a cohort of ninth grade students followed prospectively to age 45–46 (54% female; 73% white), we examine whether key psychological dimensions indicative of mental health (mastery, depressive affect, and self-esteem) change in response to employment and to particular experiences on the job. The findings, based on a fixed-effects modeling strategy, indicate that observed psychological differences related to employment and work quality are not attributable to stable individual proclivities. Evidence suggests that mental health is responsive to changing experiences at work from mid-adolescence to mid-life." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Tetzlaff, Juliane & Jelena Epping (2024): Länger gesund im Beruf? Trends in den Lebensjahren frei von Herz-Kreislauf- und Muskel-Skelett-Erkrankungen in GKV-Daten für die Erwerbstätigen- und Allgemeinbevölkerung. In: Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz, Jg. 67, H. 5, S. 555-563. DOI:10.1007/s00103-024-03868-8

Abstract

"Hintergrund: Unsere Studie fokussiert auf die Entwicklung der erkrankungsfreien Lebensjahre in Bezug auf 2 Erkrankungsgruppen mit hoher Public-Health-Relevanz: Muskel-Skelett- (MSE) und Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen (HKE). Vor dem Hintergrund der steigenden Lebensarbeitszeit wird die Entwicklung der erkrankungsfreien Jahre der Bevölkerung im erwerbsfähigen Alter und der Erwerbstätigen verglichen und Unterschiede zwischen den Berufsgruppen beleuchtet. Methoden: Die Studie basiert auf den Daten der AOK Niedersachsen (N  = 2.001.225). Die Erkrankungsfälle werden anhand der Diagnosedaten ermittelt. Die erwarteten Jahre frei von MSE und HKE werden mit Multistate-Life-Table-Analysen für 3 Perioden zwischen 2006 und 2018 berechnet. Die Berufsgruppe wird über den Berufsschlüssel definiert und in 3 Gruppen unterteilt: 1) Un- und Angelernte, 2) Fachkräfte und Spezialisten, 3) Hochqualifizierte. Ergebnisse: Die Lebensjahre frei von MSE nahmen in der Allgemeinbevölkerung und unter den Erwerbstätigen deutlich ab. Die stärkste Verringerung zeigte sich in der höherqualifizierten Berufsgruppe. Die Lebensjahre frei von HKE stiegen in der Allgemeinbevölkerung im Zeitverlauf. Die Zunahmen waren unter den Erwerbstätigen geringer, sie wurden nur bei Männern in un- und angelernter Tätigkeit verzeichnet. Diskussion: Die Studie zeigt, dass sich die erkrankungsfreien Jahre unter den Erwerbstätigen teilweise schlechter als in der Allgemeinbevölkerung entwickelten. Für die untersuchten Erkrankungsgruppen MSE und HKE bestehen deutliche Ungleichheiten zwischen den Berufsgruppen, die sich im Zeitverlauf etwas verringerten. Die Ungleichheiten und die Abnahme der Jahre frei von MSE belegen die hohe Public-Health-Relevanz und den Bedarf an Präventionsmaßnahmen zur Vermeidung von HKE und MSE im erwerbsfähigen Alter." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag)

Zitatform

Tirabeni, Lia (2024): Bounded Well-Being: Designing Technologies for Workers' Well-Being in Corporate Programmes. In: Work, Employment and Society, Jg. 38, H. 6, S. 1506-1527. DOI:10.1177/09500170231203113

Abstract

"This article examines the relationship between workers’ well-being and digitalisation at work. It is based on the findings of a qualitative study carried out in a manufacturing company, and it focuses on the development of a wearable device for well-being. Using the analytical concepts of ‘translation’ and ‘inscription’ taken from Actor-Network Theory, it explores how digital technologies for well-being are designed in corporate programmes and shows how the final technology results from processes of inscription and translation performed by the actors involved in the design phase. The end device embodies a concept of well-being that has been called ‘bounded’ to emphasise how well-being at work is limited by organisational constraints. The article invites a rethinking of hedonic well-being at work as a precondition for eudaimonic well-being so that the human being is understood as a psychophysical unit that is part of a rich social context." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))