Digitale Arbeitswelt – Chancen und Herausforderungen für Beschäftigte und Arbeitsmarkt
Der digitale Wandel der Arbeitswelt gilt als eine der großen Herausforderungen für Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. Wie arbeiten wir in Zukunft? Welche Auswirkungen hat die Digitalisierung und die Nutzung Künstlicher Intelligenz auf Beschäftigung und Arbeitsmarkt? Welche Qualifikationen werden künftig benötigt? Wie verändern sich Tätigkeiten und Berufe? Welche arbeits- und sozialrechtlichen Konsequenzen ergeben sich daraus?
Dieses Themendossier dokumentiert Forschungsergebnisse zum Thema in den verschiedenen Wirtschaftsbereichen und Regionen.
Im Filter „Autorenschaft“ können Sie auf IAB-(Mit-)Autorenschaft eingrenzen.
- Gesamtbetrachtungen/Positionen
- Arbeitsformen, Arbeitszeit und Gesundheit
- Qualifikationsanforderungen und Berufe
- Arbeitsplatz- und Beschäftigungseffekte
- Wirtschaftsbereiche
- Arbeits- und sozialrechtliche Aspekte / digitale soziale Sicherung
- Deutschland
- Andere Länder/ internationaler Vergleich
- Besondere Personengruppen
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Literaturhinweis
Digital Technologies and Firms' Employment and Training (2024)
Zitatform
Caselli, Mauro, Edwin Fourrier-Nicolai, Andrea Fracasso & Sergio Scicchitano (2024): Digital Technologies and Firms' Employment and Training. (CESifo working paper 11056), München, 63 S.
Abstract
"This study examines the causal influence of digital technologies, specifically operational (ODT) and information digital technologies (IDT), on firms' employment structure using Italian firm-level data. It employs a unique empirical approach, constructing instrumental variables based on predetermined employment composition and global technological progress, proxied by patents. Findings indicate that IDT investment positively affects employment, favoring a skilled, IT-competent workforce, as supported by firms' training and recruitment plans. Conversely, ODT investment does not significantly alter total employment but skews the workforce towards temporary contracts. The study contributes methodologically by distinguishing between ODT and IDT and highlighting nuanced employment dynamics within firms." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Digital technologies, labor market flows and training: Evidence from Italian employer-employee data (2024)
Zitatform
Cirillo, Valeria, Andrea Mina & Andrea Ricci (2024): Digital technologies, labor market flows and training: Evidence from Italian employer-employee data. In: Technological forecasting & social change, Jg. 209. DOI:10.1016/j.techfore.2024.123735
Abstract
"New technologies can shape the production process by affecting the way in which inputs are embedded in the organization, their quality, and their use. Using an original employer-employee dataset that merges firm-level data on digital technology adoption and other characteristics of production with employee-level data on worker entry and exit rates from the administrative archive of the Italian Ministry of Labor, this paper explores the effects of new digital technologies on labor flows in the Italian economy. Using a Difference-in-Difference approach, we show that digital technologies lead to an increase in the firm-level hiring rate – particularly for young workers - and reduce the firm-level separation rate. We also find that digital technologies are positively associated with workplace training, proxied by the share of trained employees and the amount of training costs per employee. Furthermore, we explore the heterogeneity of effects related to different technologies (robots, cybersecurity and IoT). Our results are confirmed through several robustness checks." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Wie bewältigen Regionen die digitale und ökologische Transformation von Wirtschaft und Arbeitsmarkt? (Podium) (2024)
Dauth, Wolfgang ; Solms, Anna; Grienberger, Katharina; Lehmer, Florian ; Moritz, Michael ; Müller, Steffen ; Fitzenberger, Bernd ; Plümpe, Verena; Falck, Oliver ; Bauer, Anja ; Sonnenburg, Anja; Janser, Markus ; Schneemann, Christian ; Diegmann, André ; Matthes, Britta ; Solms, Anna;Zitatform
Dauth, Wolfgang & Michael Moritz; Katharina Grienberger, Florian Lehmer, Steffen Müller, Bernd Fitzenberger, Verena Plümpe, Oliver Falck, Anja Bauer, Anja Sonnenburg, Markus Janser, Christian Schneemann, André Diegmann, Britta Matthes & Anna Solms (sonst. bet. Pers.) (2024): Wie bewältigen Regionen die digitale und ökologische Transformation von Wirtschaft und Arbeitsmarkt? (Podium). In: IAB-Forum H. 06.05.2024. DOI:10.48720/IAB.FOO.20240506.01
Abstract
"Was bedeuten die absehbaren Transformationsprozesse der kommenden Jahrzehnte auf regionaler Ebene und wie können sie gemeistert werden? Antworten auf diese Fragen gab der IWH/IAB-Workshop zur Arbeitsmarktpolitik, der in diesem Jahr erstmals am IAB in Nürnberg stattfand." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Dauth, Wolfgang ; Grienberger, Katharina; Lehmer, Florian ; Moritz, Michael ; Fitzenberger, Bernd ; Janser, Markus ; Schneemann, Christian ; Diegmann, André ; Matthes, Britta ; -
Literaturhinweis
Robots, occupations, and worker age: A production-unit analysis of employment (2024)
Zitatform
Deng, Liuchun, Steffen Müller, Verena Plümpe & Jens Stegmaier (2024): Robots, occupations, and worker age: A production-unit analysis of employment. In: European Economic Review, Jg. 170, 2024-10-10. DOI:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2024.104881
Abstract
"We analyze the impact of robot adoption on employment composition using novel micro data on robot use of German manufacturing plants linked with social security records and data on job tasks. Our task-based model predicts more favorable employment effects for the least routine-task intensive occupations and for young workers, the latter being better at adapting to change. An event-study analysis for robot adoption confirms both predictions. We do not find decreasing employment for any occupational or age group but churning among low-skilled workers rises sharply. We conclude that the displacement effect of robots is occupation-biased but age neutral whereas the reinstatement effect is age-biased and benefits young workers most." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © 2024 Elsevier) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Wishing for More: Technological Change, the Rise of Involuntary Part-Time Employment and the Role of Active Labour Market Policies (2024)
Zitatform
Doorn, Lars Van & Olaf van Vliet (2024): Wishing for More: Technological Change, the Rise of Involuntary Part-Time Employment and the Role of Active Labour Market Policies. In: Journal of Social Policy, Jg. 53, H. 3, S. 751-771. DOI:10.1017/S0047279422000629
Abstract
"Technological change has squeezed the demand for middle-skill jobs, which typically involve routine-intense tasks. This squeeze has coincided with an increase in the number of part-time working individuals who wish to work more hours. We argue that these two trends are linked. Due to the decline of middle-skill employment, medium-educated workers shift into low-skill employment, increasing the supply of labor for jobs in this segment of the labor market. This pushes those dependent on these jobs to accept part-time jobs, even if these involve fewer hours than they prefer. To empirically assess this claim, we analyze involuntary part-time employment across 16 European countries between 1999 and 2010. Our analysis confirms that a decline in middle-skill employment is associated with an increase in involuntary part-time employment at the bottom end of the labor market. This finding implies that the automation of routine-intense labour worsens employment possibilities in this segment of the labor market. However, we show that training and job creation schemes mitigate this effect. These programs cushion competition either by providing medium-educated workers with the necessary skills to shift into high-skill jobs or by increasing employment possibilities. Thus, governments have the tools to support workers facing challenges in the knowledge economy." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Digitalization, Change in Skill Distance between Occupations and Worker Mobility: A Gravity Model Approach (2024)
Zitatform
Dupuy, Arnaud, Morgan Raux & Sara Signorelli (2024): Digitalization, Change in Skill Distance between Occupations and Worker Mobility: A Gravity Model Approach. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 17535), Bonn, 65 S.
Abstract
"The recent digital revolution has significantly broadened the scope of IT-related tasks in most occupations in the labor market. In this paper, we document these changes, we propose a novel conceptual framework for thinking about the effect of technological change that incorporates the changing task distance between occupations, and we investigate its impact on worker mobility using a gravity equation approach. Our results reveal that the evolution of skill distance between jobs significantly affected mobility patterns, disproportionately favoring workers with preexisting knowledge of digital tools. Finally, we micro-found our gravity equation through a matching model to evaluate mobility in counterfactual scenarios without technological change." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Training, Automation, and Wages: International Worker-Level Evidence (2024)
Zitatform
Falck, Oliver, Yuchen Guo, Christina Langer, Valentin Lindlacher & Simon Wiederhold (2024): Training, Automation, and Wages: International Worker-Level Evidence. (IZA discussion paper / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit 17503), Bonn, 72 S.
Abstract
"Job training is widely regarded as crucial for protecting workers from automation, yet there is a lack of empirical evidence to support this belief. Using internationally harmonized data from over 90,000 workers across 37 industrialized countries, we construct an individual-level measure of automation risk based on tasks performed at work. Our analysis reveals substantial within-occupation variation in automation risk, overlooked by existing occupation-level measures. To assess whether job training mitigates automation risk, we exploit within-occupation and within-industry variation. Additionally, we employ entropy balancing to re-weight workers without job training based on a rich set of background characteristics, including tested numeracy skills as a proxy for unobserved ability. We find that job training reduces workers' automation risk by 4.7 percentage points, equivalent to 10 percent of the average automation risk. The training-induced reduction in automation risk accounts for one-fifth of the wage returns to job training. Job training is effective in reducing automation risk and increasing wages across nearly all countries, underscoring the external validity of our findings. Women tend to benefit more from training than men, with the advantage becoming particularly pronounced at older ages." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Job Satisfaction and the Digital Transformation of the Public Sector: The Mediating Role of Job Autonomy (2024)
Zitatform
Fleischer, Julia & Camilla Wanckel (2024): Job Satisfaction and the Digital Transformation of the Public Sector: The Mediating Role of Job Autonomy. In: Review of Public Personnel Administration, Jg. 44, H. 3, S. 431-452. DOI:10.1177/0734371X221148403
Abstract
"Worldwide, governments have introduced novel information and communication technologies (ICTs) for policy formulation and service delivery, radically changing the working environment of government employees. Following the debate on work stress and particularly on technostress, we argue that the use of ICTs triggers “digital overload” that decreases government employees’ job satisfaction via inhibiting their job autonomy. Contrary to prior research, we consider job autonomy as a consequence rather than a determinant of digital overload, because ICT-use accelerates work routines and interruptions and eventually diminishes employees’ freedom to decide how to work. Based on novel survey data from government employees in Germany, Italy, and Norway, our structural equation modeling (SEM) confirms a significant negative effect of digital overload on job autonomy. More importantly, job autonomy partially mediates the negative relationship between digital overload and job satisfaction, pointing to the importance of studying the micro-foundations of ICT-use in the public sector." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Informationsbereitstellung zur Automatisierbarkeit von Berufen erhöht Weiterbildungsbereitschaft (2024)
Zitatform
Freundl, Vera, Philipp Lergetporer, Katharina Wedel & Katharina Werner (2024): Informationsbereitstellung zur Automatisierbarkeit von Berufen erhöht Weiterbildungsbereitschaft. In: Ifo-Schnelldienst, Jg. 77, H. 3, S. 39-43.
Abstract
"Beschäftige in Deutschland unterschätzen die Automatisierbarkeit ihres Berufs. Dies gilt vor allem für Beschäftigte in Berufen mit hoher Automatisierbarkeit, wie eine neue Studie von Lergetporer et al. (2023) zeigt. Die randomisierte Bereitstellung von Informationen über die tatsächliche Automatisierbarkeit ihrer Berufe erhöht die Arbeitsmarktsorgen und die Einschätzung über Veränderungen des Arbeitsumfelds. Außerdem wird die Teilnahmebereitschaft an Weiterbildungs und Umschulungsmaßnahmen erhöht, insbesondere bei Befragten in Berufen mit hoher Automatisierbarkeit. Dadurch verringert sich der Unterschied in der Weiterbildungsbereitschaft zwischen Beschäftigten in Berufen mit hoher und niedriger Automatisierbarkeit um 95,5 %, die Lücke in der Umschulungsbereitschaft wird sogar vollständig geschlossen." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Folgen des technologischen Wandels für den Arbeitsmarkt: Vor allem Hochqualifizierte bekommen die Digitalisierung verstärkt zu spüren (2024)
Zitatform
Grienberger, Katharina, Britta Matthes & Wiebke Paulus (2024): Folgen des technologischen Wandels für den Arbeitsmarkt: Vor allem Hochqualifizierte bekommen die Digitalisierung verstärkt zu spüren. (IAB-Kurzbericht 05/2024), Nürnberg, 8 S. DOI:10.48720/IAB.KB.2405
Abstract
"Die Potenziale, dass berufliche Tätigkeiten durch Computer oder computergesteuerte Maschinen vollautomatisch erledigt werden könnten, ändern sich, wenn neue Technologien auf dem Markt verfügbar werden. Bei der Neuberechnung solcher Substituierbarkeitspotenziale wird neben dieser Entwicklung auch berücksichtigt, dass sich die Tätigkeitsprofile in den Berufen verändern, neue Berufe und Tätigkeiten entstehen und Beschäftigte ihren Beruf wechseln. Die Autorinnen zeigen für die technologischen Möglichkeiten im Jahr 2022, wie hoch das Substituierbarkeitspotenzial derzeit ist und wie es sich seit 2013 verändert hat." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
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Literaturhinweis
Dekarbonisierung, Digitalisierung, Demographie: Gestaltungsanspruch für gewerblich-technische Facharbeit und Bildung (2024)
Grimm, Axel; Schlausch, Reiner; Karges, Torben; Herkner, Volkmar;Zitatform
Grimm, Axel, Volkmar Herkner, Torben Karges & Reiner Schlausch (Hrsg.) (2024): Dekarbonisierung, Digitalisierung, Demographie. Gestaltungsanspruch für gewerblich-technische Facharbeit und Bildung. (Perspektiven auf Berufsbildung, Arbeit und Technik 9), Berlin: Peter Lang, 524 S.
Abstract
"Am 6. und 7. Oktober 2022 fand am Berufsbildungsinstitut Arbeit und Technik (biat) der Europa-Universität Flensburg (EUF) die 22. Herbstkonferenz der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gewerblich-Technische Wissenschaften und ihre Didaktiken (gtw) statt. Unter dem Tagungstitel „Dekarbonisierung, Digitalisierung, Demographie – Gestaltungsanspruch für gewerblich-technische Facharbeit und Bildung" konnte die Konferenz drei nicht nur für die gewerblich-technische Facharbeit und die Berufsbildung sehr zentrale gesellschaftliche Themenstellungen aufgreifen, mit denen bereits seit geraumer Zeit und zukünftig noch wesentlich stärker ein hoher Gestaltungsanspruch einhergeht. Über dreißig Einzelbeiträge verdeutlichen in diesem Band die thematische Relevanz für die gewerblich-technischen Wissenschaften." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku, © Peter Lang)
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Literaturhinweis
Training, Automation, and Wages: Worker-Level Evidence (2024)
Zitatform
Guo, Yuchen Mo, Oliver Falck, Christina Langer, Valentin Lindlacher & Simon Wiederhold (2024): Training, Automation, and Wages: Worker-Level Evidence. In: Verein für Socialpolitik (Hrsg.) (2024): Upcoming Labor Market Challenges. Beiträge zur Jahrestagung des Vereins für Socialpolitik 2024.
Abstract
"This paper investigates the impact of job training on workers’ susceptibility to automation. Using rich individual-level data from the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) across 37 industrialized countries, we construct a unique individual-level measure of automation risk based on the tasks performed at work. We uncover substantial variation in automation risk within detailed occupations, which would have been overlooked by previous occupation-level automation measures. To estimate the effect of training on workers’ automation risk, we include tested numeracy skills as a proxy for unobserved ability that are unique to our data, and apply entropy balancing to account for selection bias. We find that job training is an important factor in explaining workers’ susceptibility to automation, even within narrowly defined occupations. Our results show that workers who participate in job training witness a 4.7 percentage point reduction in their automation risk compared to observationally equivalent workers without training. Additionally, workers participating in training earn approximately 8 percent higher wages compared to their counterparts without training. While training is effective in reducing automation risk and increasing wages in all sample countries, there is a substantial heterogeneity in the magnitude of training effects. Moreover, training benefits both younger and older workers equally, and is more effective for women. Our findings thus underscore the crucial role of training in enabling the workforce to adapt and thrive amidst evolving technological changes." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
IT- Kompetenzen: Anforderungen an Erwerbstätige (2024)
Zitatform
Hall, Anja (2024): IT- Kompetenzen: Anforderungen an Erwerbstätige. In: Berufsbildung in Wissenschaft und Praxis, Jg. 53, H. 3, S. 37-39.
Abstract
"IT-Kompetenzen gehören zu den zentralen Schlüsselkompetenzen, um den (zukünftigen) Herausforderungen der Arbeitswelt gewachsen zu sein. Über die hohe Bedeutung besteht Konsens, empirisch belastbare Analysen zur Verbreitung gibt es deutlich weniger. Der Beitrag zeigt auf Basis der BIBB/BAuA-Erwerbstätigenbefragung 2024, welche IT-Kompetenzen in der Arbeitswelt aktuell gefordert werden und wie sich die Kompetenzanforderungen je nach Komplexitätsgrad der Tätigkeit unterscheiden." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Künstliche Intelligenz als Co-Pilot - Warum Unternehmen im Fahrersitz bleiben müssen (2024)
Hemel, Ulrich; Rusche, Christian; Leibrock, Edeltraud; Nüßgen, Alexander; Metzler, Christoph; Ruschitzka, Margot;Zitatform
Hemel, Ulrich, Edeltraud Leibrock, Christoph Metzler, Alexander Nüßgen, Margot Ruschitzka & Christian Rusche (2024): Künstliche Intelligenz als Co-Pilot - Warum Unternehmen im Fahrersitz bleiben müssen. (IW policy paper / Institut der Deutschen Wirtschaft Köln 2024,01), Köln, 27 S.
Abstract
"In today’s digital era, we are witnessing a revolution driven by the progressive development and integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into all aspects of life. This article sheds light on this transformation by highlighting the remarkable advancements and the growing significance of AI for society and economy. The article is divided into several chapters that illuminate various dimensions of AI integration in society and economy. Firstly, the article elaborates that AI enables not only productivity enhancements and efficiency gains but also serves as the foundation for innovations that can simplify our daily lives. The intelligent automation of routine tasks provides people with the freedom to engage in more creative and challenging activities, contributing to an improvement in quality of life and prosperity. Secondly, when examining the successful implementation of AI in companies, the article emphasiszes that a well-thought-out AI strategy is necessary to effectively utilize the technology: businesses must invest not only in the relevant tools but also in the training of their employees. Comprehensive AI competence within the workforce is crucial for developing innovative solutions and fully harnessing the potential of AI. Thirdly, the development of personnel and competencies represents another essential chapter. The world of work will transform due to AI, leading to new skill requirements for employees. Lifelong learning and continuous training in digital competencies are essential to keep pace with rapid technological advancements. Simultaneously, educational institutions must adapt their curricula to prepare the next generation for a future where AI plays a central role. Based on the insights from conducted analyses, actionable options regarding AI are derived. Regulatory frameworks and ethical guidelines ensure that the advancement and utilization of AI align with societal values and norms. Human-centricity remains paramount, with technology serving as a complement to human actions, enhancing and extending them, but not replacing them. AI presents a dual challenge: On one hand, it offers incredible opportunities for innovation and prosperity; on the other hand, it requires careful control and adaptation at individual, entrepreneurial, and societal levels. By developing critical AI competencies and practicing responsible use, we can fully harness the potential of AI while minimizing potential risks. Understanding AI as a co-pilot in this dynamic environment is the key to setting the course for a future where technology and humans collaborate harmoniously for mutual benefit." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Does robotization improve the skill structure? The role of job displacement and structural transformation (2024)
Zitatform
Hu, Shengming, Kai Lin, Bei Liu & Hui Wang (2024): Does robotization improve the skill structure? The role of job displacement and structural transformation. In: Applied Economics, Jg. 56, H. 28, S. 3415-3430. DOI:10.1080/00036846.2023.2206623
Abstract
"The literature generally focuses on the impact of robots or artificial intelligence on the employment and wages, but ignores the effect of robotization on the skill structure and its underlying mechanisms and lacks empirical evidence from developing countries. We theoretically develop a task model by introducing the skill structure and empirically investigate the effect of robotization on the skill structure based on Chinese provincial panel data from 2006 to 2018. Results show that: (1) the development of robotization in China is conducive to improving the skill structure, and the baseline conclusion still holds even though adopting multiple indexes of skill structure and controlling the endogeneity bias. (2) Robotization generates not only job displacement effect by displacing unskilled workers with robots but also structural transformation effect by increasing the proportion of technology-intensive industries, which can improve the skill structure. (3) In coastal provinces with strong Internet foundation, information transmission capacity and labour protection intensity, high labour cost and ageing rate, robotization plays a stronger role in improving the skill structure. Moreover, robotization can induce the employment polarization. These conclusions can help avoid technical unemployment and promote the upgrading of the skill structure in China." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
KI-Kompetenzen gefragt: Studie zeigt tendenziell steigende Nachfrage in Stellenanzeigen (Interview) (2024)
Zitatform
Keitel, Christiane; Michael Stops & Lennert Peede (interviewte Person) (2024): KI-Kompetenzen gefragt: Studie zeigt tendenziell steigende Nachfrage in Stellenanzeigen (Interview). In: IAB-Forum H. 27.11.2024. DOI:10.48720/IAB.FOO.20241127.01
Abstract
"In den letzten Jahren gab es eine Vielzahl von Innovationen im Bereich der künstlichen Intelligenz (KI). Die öffentliche Debatte schwankt zwischen der Befürchtung, dass viele Tätigkeiten künftig nicht mehr von Menschen erledigt werden und Arbeitsplätze wegfallen, und der Hoffnung, dass neue Tätigkeitsfelder und damit eine neue Qualität von Arbeit entstehen. In einer Studie untersuchen die IAB-Forscher Michael Stops und Lennert Peede unter anderem anhand einer Analyse von Stellenanzeigen aus den Jahren 2015 bis 2019, wie sich KI-Technologien in dieser frühen Phase bereits auf die Arbeitsnachfrage und die Beschäftigung auf Betriebsebene auswirkten." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Wer ist offen für lebenslanges Lernen? Die Rolle von Persönlichkeitsmerkmalen und Qualifikationen (2024)
Kern, Jana; Galkiewicz, Agata Danuta;Zitatform
Kern, Jana & Agata Danuta Galkiewicz (2024): Wer ist offen für lebenslanges Lernen? Die Rolle von Persönlichkeitsmerkmalen und Qualifikationen. In: IAB-Forum H. 16.12.2024 Nürnberg. DOI:10.48720/IAB.FOO.20241216.01
Abstract
"Die Arbeitswelt ändert sich rasant. Darum wird lebenslanges Lernen immer wichtiger. Das Qualifikationsniveau entscheidet mit darüber, in welchem Umfang sich Beschäftigte weiterbilden. Auch Persönlichkeitsmerkmale beeinflussen die Neigung sich weiterzubilden, insbesondere bei gut qualifizierten Beschäftigten." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Kern, Jana; -
Literaturhinweis
The role of occupational skill sets in the digital transformation: how IT progress shapes returns to specialization and social skills (2024)
Zitatform
Kiener, Fabienne, Christian Eggenberger & Uschi Backes-Gellner (2024): The role of occupational skill sets in the digital transformation: how IT progress shapes returns to specialization and social skills. In: Journal of business economics, Jg. 94, H. 1, S. 75-111. DOI:10.1007/s11573-023-01153-9
Abstract
"Workers’ occupational skill sets play a crucial role in successfully handling digital transformation. We investigate whether and how different types of occupational skill sets benefit from digital transformation. We theoretically and empirically analyze wage returns of workers in occupations with more or less specialized skill sets and with more or less social skills when IT increases in their industry. Applying natural language processing methods to the texts of occupational training curricula, we develop measures for occupational specialization and social skills. We use vocational education and training curricula from Switzerland because they cover approx. two-thirds of the working population. Using curricula, industry-level IT data and individual-level administrative wage data, our individual fixed-effects analyses show that IT progress leads to higher wage returns for workers in highly specialized occupations but not for workers in more general occupations. In addition, we find that high levels of social skills cannot make up for this difference when IT advances. However, our results indicate that for workers with high specialization, a combination with high social skills generates additional benefits when IT advances. Overall, our results suggest that, contrary to typical assumptions in educational policy debates, workers with specialized occupational skill sets—possibly in combination with high social skills—appear to be the ones who are particularly well prepared to cope with digital transformation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Arbeitsmarkt in Europa: Kirchliche Träger geraten stärker unter Druck (2024)
Kubis, Alexander;Zitatform
Kubis, Alexander (2024): Arbeitsmarkt in Europa: Kirchliche Träger geraten stärker unter Druck. In: Kirche + Leben H. 27.05.2024.
Abstract
"Der europäische Arbeitsmarkt verändert sich in bisher nicht gekannter Geschwindigkeit. Welche das sind und wie Deutschland im europäischen Vergleich dasteht, erklärt Experte Alexander Kubis für Kirche+Leben." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Kubis, Alexander; -
Literaturhinweis
Expertise at Work: New Technologies, New Skills, and Worker Impacts (2024)
Zitatform
Lipowski, Cäcilia, Anna Salomons & Ulrich Zierahn-Weilage (2024): Expertise at Work: New Technologies, New Skills, and Worker Impacts. (ZEW discussion paper 24-044), 83 S.
Abstract
"We study how new digital technology reshapes vocational training and skill acquisition and its impact on workers’ careers. We construct a novel database of legally binding training curricula and changes therein, spanning the near universe of vocational training in Germany over five decades, and link curriculum updates to breakthrough technologies using Natural Language Processing techniques. Our findings reveal that technological advances drive training updates, with curriculum content evolving towards less routine intensive tasks, and greater use of digital and social skills. Using administrative employer-employee data, we show that educational updates help workers adapt to new demands for their expertise, and earn higher wages compared to workers with outdated skills. These findings highlight the role of changes in within occupational skill supply in meeting evolving labor market demands for non-college educated workers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Weiterführende Informationen
Aspekt auswählen:
Aspekt zurücksetzen
- Gesamtbetrachtungen/Positionen
- Arbeitsformen, Arbeitszeit und Gesundheit
- Qualifikationsanforderungen und Berufe
- Arbeitsplatz- und Beschäftigungseffekte
- Wirtschaftsbereiche
- Arbeits- und sozialrechtliche Aspekte / digitale soziale Sicherung
- Deutschland
- Andere Länder/ internationaler Vergleich
- Besondere Personengruppen