Employability/Beschäftigungsfähigkeit
Der Begriff Beschäftigungsfähigkeit bzw. 'Employability' bezeichnet die Fähigkeit einer Person, eine Beschäftigung zu finden und in Beschäftigung zu bleiben. In der arbeitsmarkt- und bildungspolitischen Diskussion wird Beschäftigungsfähigkeit mittlerweile als zentrale Zielgröße arbeitsmarktpolitischer Strategien, betrieblicher Personalpolitik und individueller Qualifikationsprofile betrachtet.
Diese Infoplattform zeichnet die Debatte um Herstellung und Erhalt von Beschäftigungsfähigkeit anhand ausgewählter Literatur- und Forschungsprojektnachweise nach. Sie zeigt auf, welche persönlichen Kompetenzen und institutionellen Bedingungen Beschäftigungsfähigkeit konstituieren, wie sie gemessen werden kann, welche Zielgruppen dabei im Fokus stehen und welche Konzepte, Instrumente und Maßnahmen zu ihrer Förderung eingesetzt werden.
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Literaturhinweis
Empowerment and disempowerment of workfare volunteers: a diachronic approach to activation policy in the Netherlands (2019)
Zitatform
Kampen, Thomas & Evelien Tonkens (2019): Empowerment and disempowerment of workfare volunteers. A diachronic approach to activation policy in the Netherlands. In: Social policy and society, Jg. 18, H. 3, S. 249-269. DOI:10.1017/S1474746418000143
Abstract
"This article focuses on experiences of welfare recipients summoned to do volunteer work. Proponents of 'workfare volunteerism' argue that it leads to empowerment and employability while critics dismiss it as disempowering, stigmatising, and disciplining. Our longitudinal qualitative inquiry into experiences of sixty-six 'workfare volunteers' in the Netherlands shows how experiences of disempowerment or empowerment are dependent on caseworker approaches as well as on time. Disempowerment can turn into empowerment when an individual's past is considered, but can revert to disempowerment if changing needs go unrecognised. These findings have broader implications for debates on activating policies. They point to the need for diachronic approaches, which reflect the changing experiences of target groups over time and adaption of policies and caseworker approaches that respond to their clients' changing needs and self-understanding." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Vocational education and employment: Explaining cohort variations in life course patterns (2019)
Zitatform
Kratz, Fabian, Alexander Patzina, Corinna Kleinert & Hans Dietrich (2019): Vocational education and employment: Explaining cohort variations in life course patterns. In: Social Inclusion, Jg. 7, H. 3, S. 224-253., 2019-07-15. DOI:10.17645/si.v7i3.2045
Abstract
"A stylized finding on returns to vocational education is that vocational compared to general education generates a differential life course pattern of employability: while vocational education guarantees smooth transitions into the labour market and thus generates initial advantages, these erode with increasing age, leading to late-life reversals in employment chances. We contribute to this research by assessing cohort variations in life-cycle patterns and distinguishing two explanations for late-life reversals in employment chances. The adaptability argument states that this phenomenon is due to the lower adaptability and occupational flexibility of those with vocational education. In contrast, the health argument states that vocational education leads to physically more demanding occupations, faster health deterioration, and, thus, lower employability in later life. Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel, we employ non-parametric state probability analysis to assess cohort variations in employment patterns, and mediation analysis to assess how much of the late-life reversal of employment patterns is due to a faster health deterioration among the vocationally educated. Results show that the early life advantage of vocational education increases across cohorts. Furthermore, those with vocational education exhibit faster health deterioration, and a small part of the late-life employment disadvantage of this group works through lower levels of health after midlife." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Street-level practice, personalisation and co-production in employability: Insights from local services with lone parents (2019)
Zitatform
Lindsay, Colin, Sarah Pearson, Elaine Batty, Anne Marie Cullen & Will Eadson (2019): Street-level practice, personalisation and co-production in employability. Insights from local services with lone parents. In: Social policy and society, Jg. 18, H. 4, S. 647-658. DOI:10.1017/S1474746419000174
Abstract
"Policymakers in the UK have promised to deliver personalised employability services for vulnerable jobseekers. However, unemployed people often describe their engagement with state-funded services as defined by: the offer of low cost, standardised job search services; and pressure to accept any job, irrespective of quality or appropriateness. This article argues that more progressive, co-produced alternatives are possible. We draw on an evaluation of local, third sector-led services targeting lone parents (LPs) in five local government areas in Scotland. Our research involved more than 100 in-depth interviews with both service providers and LPs. We find that partnership-oriented co-governance mechanisms facilitated collaborative approaches to the management of services and processes of co-production. LPs expressed positive views of the personalised services that were co-produced. We conclude that a commitment to collaboration and co-production may be more effective in promoting personalised services that are responsive to the needs of vulnerable groups." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Gesundheit, Arbeitszufriedenheit und nachhaltige Beschäftigungsfähigkeit im Zusammenhang mit Arbeitsintensivierung (2019)
Polacsek-Ernst, Roland; Riedel, Anton;Zitatform
Polacsek-Ernst, Roland & Anton Riedel (2019): Gesundheit, Arbeitszufriedenheit und nachhaltige Beschäftigungsfähigkeit im Zusammenhang mit Arbeitsintensivierung. In: M. Griesbacher, J. Hödl, J. Muckenhuber & K. Scaria-Braunstein (Hrsg.) (2019): Intensivierung der Arbeit. Perspektiven auf Arbeitszeit und technologischen Wandel, S. 19-30.
Abstract
"Die Arbeitsintensivierung war ein Grund, die Evaluierung psychischer Belastungen für alle Österreichischen Unternehmen verpflichtend im Arbeitnehmerschutzgesetz zu verankern. Die Studie befasst sich mit dem Zusammenhang zwischen psychischen Belastungen und abhängigen Variablen zur Gesundheit, Arbeitszufriedenheit und nachhaltigen Beschäftigungsfähigkeit von 16.626 MitarbeiterInnen aus 97 Unternehmen in Österreich bei denen die Evaluierung psychischer Belastungen durchgeführt wurde. Die Ergebnisse zeigen die große Bedeutung von Überlastung, einem Messparameter für Intensivierung, für die abhängigen Variablen. In drei Pfadanalysen ist sie sogar an erster Stelle in der Gruppenbildung. Darüber hinaus werden auch weitere positive und negative Pfade und ihre Bedeutung für die Beschäftigten aufgezeigt." (Autorenreferat auf ResearchGate, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
QuaTOQ - Qualität der Arbeit, Beschäftigung und Beschäftigungsfähigkeit im Wechselspiel von Technologie, Organisation und Qualifikation: Branchenbericht: Chemie- und Pharmaindustrie (2019)
Priesack, Kai; Apt, Wenke; Glock, Gina; Goluchowicz, Kerstin; Bovenschulte, Marc;Zitatform
Priesack, Kai, Wenke Apt, Gina Glock, Kerstin Goluchowicz & Marc Bovenschulte (2019): QuaTOQ - Qualität der Arbeit, Beschäftigung und Beschäftigungsfähigkeit im Wechselspiel von Technologie, Organisation und Qualifikation. Branchenbericht: Chemie- und Pharmaindustrie. (Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales. Forschungsbericht 522/4), Berlin, 91 S.
Abstract
"Das vom Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales (BMAS) geförderte Forschungsprojekt QuaTOQ (Qualität der Arbeit, Beschäftigung und Beschäftigungsfähigkeit im Wechselspiel von Technologie, Organisation und Qualifikation) untersucht branchenbezogen zukünftige Arbeitsformen und -inhalte vor dem Hintergrund einer weiterhin zunehmenden Technisierung, vor allem aber Digitalisierung und analysiert quantitativ wie qualitativ Fragen der Beschäftigungs- und Innovationsfähigkeit in Abhängigkeit von Technologie, Organisation und Qualifikation. Dieser Bericht untersucht die Chemie- und Pharmaindustrie." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Employability aus institutioneller Perspektive : Konzeption und empirische Untersuchung am Beispiel von privaten Hochschulen (2019)
Richter, Christoph;Zitatform
Richter, Christoph (2019): Employability aus institutioneller Perspektive : Konzeption und empirische Untersuchung am Beispiel von privaten Hochschulen. Berlin: Logos, 361 S.
Abstract
"Employability bzw. Beschäftigungsfähigkeit gilt als Reizwort und schillernder Begriff in der Debatte um Funktionen von Hochschulen. Das zeigen die kontrovers, häufig sehr ideologisch geführten Diskussionen zu Hochschulen als Bildungs- und Ausbildungsinstitutionen. Es liegen jedoch kaum empirisch abgesicherte Erkenntnisse zu Verständnis und Umsetzung dieses Bildungsziels trotz der hochschulpolitischen Relevanz vor. Mit der vorliegenden Dissertationsschrift wird ein wichtiger Forschungsbeitrag geleistet, diese Forschungslücke zu schließen und die Grundsatzdiskussionen zu Employability in Fragestellungen wissenschaftlicher Forschung zu überführen. Insofern ist der Forschungsansatz eine Pionierarbeit zu einem komplexen Themenfeld. Unter Einbeziehung des internationalen Forschungsstandes und der Genese des Bologna-Prozesses wird ein breiter theoretischer Rahmen auf der Grundlage eines neu entwickelten Modells, des Employment-Ability-Modells (EAM) entfaltet. Das theoretische Konzept ist insofern innovativ, als die Bildungsanforderungen von employability stärker als bisher berücksichtigt werden, die Ausrichtung auf das Beschäftigungssystem um dessen Mitgestaltung durch Hochschulen erweitert, der Begriff der Beschäftigung um Ansätze außerhalb der Erwerbswirtschaft ausgedehnt und die Hochschuldidaktik zu einer relevanten Dimension aufgewertet wird. Das EAM erfährt mittels eines multimethodischen Ansatzes anhand von Experteninterviews und Dokumentenanalysen eine empirische Überprüfung. Das Vorgehen des Forschungsprozesses u.a. im Bereich der Festlegung des Untersuchungssamples wird sehr transparent dargestellt und durchgängig reflektiert. Im Ergebnis werden vielfältige empirische Befunde wie z.B. Employability-Profile herausgearbeitet und daraus Empfehlungen für die zukünftige Hochschulentwicklung abgeleitet. Als eine wesentliche Erkenntnis der Forschungsarbeit lässt sich festhalten, dass das Konzept Employability als Leitziel für Bildungsgänge an Hochschulen geeignet ist, wenn subjektorientierte sowie pädagogische Dimensionen zum Tragen kommen und das Konzept nicht auf ein reines Erwerbsmuster reduziert wird. Die gewonnenen Ergebnisse bilden eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Grundlage für zukünftige Analysen zu Bildungszielen von Hochschulen und von anderen Bildungsteilsystemen." (Verlagsangaben, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
Inhaltsverzeichnis bei der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek -
Literaturhinweis
Beruf, Beruflichkeit, Employability (2019)
Zitatform
Seifried, Jürgen, Klaus Beck, Bernd-Joachim Ertelt & Andreas Frey (Hrsg.) (2019): Beruf, Beruflichkeit, Employability. (Wirtschaft - Beruf - Ethik 35), Bielefeld: wbv Media, 348 S.
Abstract
"Der Mensch prägt seine Arbeit, die Arbeit prägt den Menschen. Diese Wechselbeziehung hat sich in den vergangenen 50 Jahren immer mehr verändert: Der Beruf als gleichermaßen gesellschaftliches und individuelles Konzept wird hinterfragt und zunehmend gewinnt die Idee der Employability an Bedeutung. Hier setzen die Beiträge des Sammelbandes an. Im Zentrum steht die Frage nach dem Verhältnis von gesellschaftlichen Produktionserfordernissen einerseits und dem Anspruch auf individuelle Entfaltung andererseits. Die Autorinnen und Autoren zeichnen die Entwicklung vom Beruf zur Employability historisch nach und ziehen internationale Vergleiche. Die Herausgeber liefern mit diesem Sammelband eine umfassende und mehrperspektivische Bilanz zum aktuellen Forschungsstand in der Berufs- und Wirtschaftspädagogik." (Verlagsangaben, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Are happy people more employable?: evidence from field experiments (2019)
Zitatform
Sherman, Arie & Guy Barokas (2019): Are happy people more employable? Evidence from field experiments. In: Applied Economics Letters, Jg. 26, H. 17, S. 1384-1387. DOI:10.1080/13504851.2018.1558345
Abstract
"This novel study investigated the response of the labour market to employee happiness. Two field experiments examined the role of happiness in the hiring process. We found that including a personal happiness statement in the curricula vitae significantly increases employer callbacks for men. Strikingly, women do not enjoy the same happiness premium." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Expediting youth's entry into employment whilst overlooking precariousness: Flexi-employability and disciplinary activation in Hong Kong (2019)
Zitatform
Wong, Victor & Tat Chor Au-Yeung (2019): Expediting youth's entry into employment whilst overlooking precariousness. Flexi-employability and disciplinary activation in Hong Kong. In: Social policy and administration, Jg. 53, H. 5, S. 793-809. DOI:10.1111/spol.12418
Abstract
"With an emphasis placed on supply-side interventions such as skills training and incentives enhancement, active labor market polices (ALMPs) are strongly promoted by international organizations and widely adopted across different welfare regimes to boost employment rates. This article first presents the under-examined relationship between ALMPs and employment precariousness, which has posed a challenge to the neoliberal notion of employability and activation. Youth-focused employment policies tend to speed up employment entry whilst downplaying the risk of precariousness and the importance of job quality, and thus further reinforcing the belief that engaging in precarious employment is tolerable if not inevitable. The article then examines the case of Hong Kong, which illustrates that its relatively low rate of youth unemployment may conceal the unfavorable employment conditions confronted by youth. It is argued that the service-led employment policies and short-term vocational training define the employability of young workers in terms of labor flexibilities. The coined phase of 'flexi-employability' is characterized by promoting youth's readiness for, and adaptability to, the volatilities and changing demands of the labor market. Arguably, the disciplinary approach to youth activation would only strengthen the work-first principle by enforcing young people to take up jobs available and leave welfare as soon as possible, but without thoroughly addressing the risks and insecurities generated by the labor market in undermining their well-being." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Evaluation of language training programs in Luxembourg using principal stratification (2018)
Zitatform
Bia, Michela, Alfonso Flores-Lagunes & Andrea Mercatanti (2018): Evaluation of language training programs in Luxembourg using principal stratification. (GLO discussion paper 289), Maastricht, 46 S.
Abstract
"In a world increasingly globalized, multiple language skills can create more employment opportunities. Several countries include language training programs in active labor market programs for the unemployed. We analyze the effects of a language training program on the re-employment probability and hourly wages of the unemployed simultaneously, using highquality administrative data from Luxembourg. We address selection into training by exploiting the rich administrative information available, and account for the complication that wages are 'truncated' by unemployment by adopting a principal stratification framework. Estimation is undertaken with a mixture model likelihood-based approach. To improve inference, we use the individual's hours worked as a secondary outcome and a stochastic dominance assumption. These two features considerably ameliorate the multimodality problem commonly encountered in mixture models. We also conduct sensitivity analysis to assess the unconfoundedness assumption employed. Our results strongly suggest a positive effect (of up to 12.7 percent) of the language training programs on the re-employment probability, but no effects on wages for those who are observed employed regardless of training participation. It appears that, in the context of an open and multilingual economy, language training improve employability but the language skills acquired are not sufficiently rewarded to be reflected in higher wages." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: IZA discussion paper , 11973 -
Literaturhinweis
Protecting older workers' employability: a survey study of the role of transformational leadership (2018)
Zitatform
Böttcher, Katrin, Anne-Grit Albrecht, Laura Venz & Jörg Felfe (2018): Protecting older workers' employability. A survey study of the role of transformational leadership. In: German journal of human resource management, Jg. 32, H. 2, S. 120-148. DOI:10.1177/2397002218763001
Abstract
"Demographic and labour market changes increase the need to enhance the employability of employees across all ages. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of transformational leadership in employees' employability. While we hypothesised that age is negatively related to perceived internal and external employability, we expected a positive relationship for transformational leadership, and that transformational leadership would moderate the relationship between age and employability. Hypotheses were tested using a sample of 1006 employees in the German automotive industry. Results show age to be negatively related to internal and external employability, with both relationships being comparably strong. Transformational leadership was positively related to internal and external employability, with the relationship with internal employability being stronger. Moreover, transformational leadership buffered the negative relationship between age and internal employability. These results suggest that transformational leadership is crucial in protecting lifetime employability and that it should be promoted." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Mobility, education and employability in the European Union: Inside Erasmus (2018)
Zitatform
Cairns, David, Ewa Krzaklewska, Valentina Cuzzocrea & Airi-Alina Allaste (2018): Mobility, education and employability in the European Union. Inside Erasmus. Cham: Springer Palgrave Macmillan, 192 S.
Abstract
"This book takes an in-depth look at the European Commission's Erasmus programme. In its current Erasmus+ format, the programme supports international exchange visits among students, trainees, volunteers and academic members of staff with a view to enhancing employability and encouraging intercultural understanding. Against the backdrop of the 30th anniversary of Erasmus, the authors explore the successes of the programme, most prominently the undergraduate exchange programme, as well as areas of on-going development, including the incorporation of short duration mobility projects focused on specific social issues into the initiative. Through integrating perspectives from authors in a number of European countries, all of whom have knowledge regarding various aspects of Erasmus, the book provides insight into the challenges facing the programme as it moves into its fourth decade. Mobility, Education and Employability in the European Union: Inside Erasmus will be of interest to students and scholars from a range of disciplines, including geography, sociology and European politics." (Publisher information, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Perceptions of employability among London's low-paid: 'Self-determination' or ethnicity? (2018)
Zitatform
Croucher, Richard, Sumeetra Ramakrishnan, Marian Rizov & Diana Benzinger (2018): Perceptions of employability among London's low-paid. 'Self-determination' or ethnicity? In: Economic and Industrial Democracy, Jg. 39, H. 1, S. 109-130. DOI:10.1177/0143831X15609672
Abstract
"This article investigates how ethnicity, gender and other characteristics affect low-paid workers' perceptions of their employability in London's labour market, examining self-efficacy, ethnic and dual labour market theories. The authors find that perceptions vary considerably, both between genders and ethnicities and in the extent to which they are 'justified' by human capital attributes. Optimism varies between genders and ethnic groups but individuals' perceptions vary to an even greater extent within genders and ethnic groups. Hence, individual-level 'self-determination' explanations of these perceptions appear to have greatest explanatory power in this specific context, although ethnic theories also have utility." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Are you moving up or falling short?: an inquiry of skills-based variation in self-perceived employability among norwegian employees (2018)
Zitatform
Drange, Ida, Vilde Hoff Bernstrøm & Svenn-Erik Mamelund (2018): Are you moving up or falling short? An inquiry of skills-based variation in self-perceived employability among norwegian employees. In: Work, employment and society, Jg. 32, H. 2, S. 387-406. DOI:10.1177/0950017017749720
Abstract
"This article investigates how educational level, job-related skills and employers' support for competence development jointly determine Norwegian employees' expectations of maintaining employment and career advancement. The data were collected in 2010 and 2013, and they comprise a representative sample of Norwegian employees. In contrast to previous research on self-perceived employability, this study divides expectations of advancement and continued employment. The results show that these are different measures of labour market success. While education is significantly correlated with both measures, the employer's support for competence development is important for expectations of career advancement, especially among the highly educated, whereas the job - skills match is most relevant for the expectation of maintaining employment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Young subjectivities and affective labour in the service economy (2018)
Zitatform
Farrugia, David, Steven Threadgold & Julia Coffey (2018): Young subjectivities and affective labour in the service economy. In: Journal of Youth Studies, Jg. 21, H. 3, S. 272-287. DOI:10.1080/13676261.2017.1366015
Abstract
"Post-Fordist employment is characterised by the demand for new forms of labour in which workers are expected to make personal investments in their work and to mobilise their embodied subjectivities in the practice of labour. Whilst employment insecurity is well documented in the sociology of youth, theoretical development in this area has yet to contend with the role of changes in the nature of labour itself in the production of youth. This paper draws on theories of labour under post-Fordism to explore the practice of 'affective labour' amongst young people performing 'front of house' bar work in a large metropolitan service economy. The paper theorises the role of youth subjectivities - including capacities for relationality and leisure, gendered embodiment, and tastes - in the practice of contemporary labour. The paper describes how young people doing bar work contribute to the production of affective atmospheres, or sensations of ease, pleasure and enjoyment that are offered to clientele of boutique bars. In this, we suggest that affective labour mobilises young subjectivities at work in ways that are currently unrecognised within youth studies. The paper concludes by suggesting a new research agenda that goes beyond the existing focus on youth transitions through employment to explore how youth is produced as part of the social dynamics of post-Fordist labour." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Arbeit und Gesundheit Generation 50+: Schwerpunkt Politik: Interview mit Johann Fuchs und Angela Rauch (2018)
Zitatform
Fuchs, Johann & Angela Rauch (2018): Arbeit und Gesundheit Generation 50+. Schwerpunkt Politik: Interview mit Johann Fuchs und Angela Rauch. In: F. Knieps & H. Pfaff (Hrsg.) (2018): Arbeit und Gesundheit Generation 50+ : Zahlen, Daten, Fakten. BKK Gesundheitsreport 2018 (BKK-Gesundheitsreport, 2018), S. 302-303, 2018-06-29.
Abstract
"Wie werden sich Arbeit und Arbeitsmarkt in den nächsten Jahren entwickeln?
Welche Rolle wird dabei der demografische Wandel spielen?
Welche Konsequenzen ergeben sich daraus für Arbeitswelt und Unternehmen? Werden wir z.B. alle künftig länger arbeiten müssen?
Welche Rahmenbedingungen sind dazu allgemein nötig, dass Beschäftigte lange gesund arbeiten können? Was muss dabei auch die Politik an Weichenstellungen vornehmen?" (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)Weiterführende Informationen
Hier finden Sie den Volltext des Sammelwerks. -
Literaturhinweis
Qualität der Arbeit, Beschäftigung und Beschäftigungsfähigkeit im Wechselspiel von Technologie, Organisation und Qualifikation: Branchenbericht: Automobile (2018)
Zitatform
Glock, Gina, Kai Priesack, Wenke Apt, Heike Strach, Stefan Krabel & Marc Bovenschulte (2018): Qualität der Arbeit, Beschäftigung und Beschäftigungsfähigkeit im Wechselspiel von Technologie, Organisation und Qualifikation. Branchenbericht: Automobile. (Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales. Forschungsbericht 522/1), Berlin, 72 S.
Abstract
"Das vom Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales (BMAS) geförderte Forschungsprojekt QuaTOQ (Qualität der Arbeit, Beschäftigung und Beschäftigungsfähigkeit im Wechselspiel von Technologie, Organisation und Qualifikation) untersucht branchenbezogen zukünftige Arbeitsformen und -inhalte vor dem Hintergrund einer weiterhin zunehmenden Technisierung, vor allem aber Digitalisierung und analysiert quantitativ wie qualitativ Fragen der Beschäftigungs- und Innovationsfähigkeit in Abhängigkeit von Technologie, Organisation und Qualifikation. Dieser Bericht untersucht die Automobilbranche." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Qualität der Arbeit, Beschäftigung und Beschäftigungsfähigkeit im Wechselspiel von Technologie, Organisation und Qualifikation: Branchenbericht: Pflege und Versorgung (2018)
Zitatform
Glock, Gina, Kai Priesack, Wenke Apt, Heike Strach, Stefan Krabel & Marc Bovenschulte (2018): Qualität der Arbeit, Beschäftigung und Beschäftigungsfähigkeit im Wechselspiel von Technologie, Organisation und Qualifikation. Branchenbericht: Pflege und Versorgung. (Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales. Forschungsbericht 522/2), Berlin, 81 S.
Abstract
"Das vom Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales (BMAS) geförderte Forschungsprojekt QuaTOQ (Qualität der Arbeit, Beschäftigung und Beschäftigungsfähigkeit im Wechselspiel von Technologie, Organisation und Qualifikation) untersucht branchenbezogen zukünftige Arbeitsformen und -inhalte vor dem Hintergrund einer weiterhin zunehmenden Technisierung, vor allem aber Digitalisierung und analysiert quantitativ wie qualitativ Fragen der Beschäftigungs- und Innovationsfähigkeit in Abhängigkeit von Technologie, Organisation und Qualifikation. Dieser Bericht untersucht die Branche Pflege und Versorgung." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Adult training in the digital age (2018)
Zitatform
Gold, Robert & Eckhardt Bode (2018): Adult training in the digital age. In: Economics. The open-access, open-assessment e-journal, Jg. 12, S. 1-15. DOI:10.5018/economics-ejournal.ja.2018-36
Abstract
"Digital technologies will both create new jobs and replace existing ones. To cope with increasing labor market dynamics in the digital age, workers will have to become more mobile across jobs, occupations, and industries. The relative importance of their job-specific skills will decrease while that of their general skills applicable to various occupations will increase. The G20 should establish national adult training programs that focus on improving workers' general skills, specifically their theoretical, non-cognitive, and digital skills. These general skills will enable workers to work with technology instead of competing with it, thereby in¡creasing their job mobility and employability." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: Economics. Discussion papers , 2017-54 -
Literaturhinweis
Anticipatory socialization and the construction of the employable graduate: a critical analysis of employers' graduate careers websites (2018)
Zitatform
Handley, Karen (2018): Anticipatory socialization and the construction of the employable graduate. A critical analysis of employers' graduate careers websites. In: Work, employment and society, Jg. 32, H. 2, S. 239-256. DOI:10.1177/0950017016686031
Abstract
"A discourse of employability saturates the higher education sector in the UK. Government and employers call on universities to produce employable graduates who are attractive to the labour market and can sustain their future marketability by taking responsibility for protean self-development. While the neoliberal assumptions behind this call have attracted robust critique, the extent to which employers shape graduating students' subjectivities and sense of worth as (potentially employable) workers has escaped scrutiny. Inspired by Foucauldian analyses of human resource management (HRM) practices, this article examines employers' graduate careers websites and explores the discursive construction of the 'employable graduate'. The article contends that these websites function as a mechanism of anticipatory socialization through which HRM practices extend managerial control into the transitional space of pre-recruitment, with the aim of engaging students' consent to particular norms of employability." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Educational upgrading, structural change and the task composition of jobs in Europe (2018)
Zitatform
Hardy, Wojciech, Roma Keister & Piotr Lewandowski (2018): Educational upgrading, structural change and the task composition of jobs in Europe. In: The economics of transition, Jg. 26, H. 2, S. 201-231. DOI:10.1111/ecot.12145
Abstract
"We analyze the changes in the task content of jobs in 24 European countries between 1998 and 2015. We link the O*NET occupational data with the European Union Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS), and use the methodology of Acemoglu and Autor (2011). We find that the intensity of non-routine cognitive tasks grew in all countries, while the intensity of manual tasks declined. Workforce upskilling was the major factor contributing to these developments. The intensity of routine cognitive tasks grew in most Central and Eastern European countries, but it declined in Western European countries. This difference is attributed to the contrasting patterns of structural changes in these groups of countries." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Defining and measuring workforce development in the United States in a post-bipartisan era (2018)
Holland, Brian;Zitatform
Holland, Brian (2018): Defining and measuring workforce development in the United States in a post-bipartisan era. (GLO discussion paper / Global Labor Organization 234), Maastricht, 30 S.
Abstract
"The bipartisan acceptance of a federal role in workforce development policy is no longer in play as a result of ideological differences in the definition of workforce development which arise from a lack of coherent and misunderstood outcomes. My attempt here is to posit a new definition for workforce development that explains what these activities actually are and to raise three criteria for outcome metrics that can be used to evaluate the success of workforce investment under this new definition. By suggesting the process of workforce development and by proposing metric criteria which we can use to measure progress, I believe that a new bipartisan consensus can re-emerge, while recognizing the limitations of federal public expenditure. This consensus can, then, be used to generate a more appreciative role of active labor market policy at the national level using a process-evaluation model." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Zwischen employability und empowerment: der Einsatz des ProfilPASS in der Berufsorientierung von Geflüchteten (2018)
Hülsmann, Katrin; Nagelschmidt, Laura;Zitatform
Hülsmann, Katrin & Laura Nagelschmidt (2018): Zwischen employability und empowerment. Der Einsatz des ProfilPASS in der Berufsorientierung von Geflüchteten. In: weiter bilden, Jg. 25, H. 3, S. 35-37. DOI:10.3278/WBDIE1803W035
Abstract
"Die berufliche Integration ist ein wichtiges Ziel für geflüchtete Menschen. Biografieorientierte Kompetenzfeststellungsverfahren, die mit Beratungsangeboten gekoppelt sind, bieten sich für die Unterstützung an. Die Autorinnen reflektieren Erfahrungen aus drei Modellprojekten, die sie wissenschaftlich begleitet haben." (Autorenreferat, © W. Bertelsmann Verlag)
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Literaturhinweis
A method for measuring detailed demand for workers' competences (2018)
Zitatform
Pater, Robert, Jaroslaw Szkola & Marcin Kozak (2018): A method for measuring detailed demand for workers' competences. (Economics. Discussion papers 2018-83), Kiel, 23 S.
Abstract
"There is an increasing need for analysing demand for skills at labour markets. While most studies aggregate skills in groups or use available proxies for them, the authors analyse companies' demand for individual competences. Such an analysis better reflects reality, because companies usually require from future workers particular competences rather than generally defined groups of skills. However, no method exists to analyse on a large scale which competences are required by employers. At a detailed level, there are hundreds of competences, so this demand cannot be measured in a sample survey. The authors propose a method for a continuous and efficient analysis of demand for new workers' competences. The method is based on gathering internet job offers and analysing them with data mining and text analysis tools. They applied it to analyse transversal competences on a Polish labour market during November 2012 - December 2015. The authors used the detailed European Commission classification of transversal competences. They found that within the general groups of competences, companies required only certain ones, especially 'language and communication competences' and neglected others. The companies' requirements were countercyclical, that is, they increased them during recession and decreased them during economic expansion. However, the structure of the demanded competences did not change during the analysed period, suggesting that the structure is relatively stable, at least over the business cycle. The method can be used continuously. Various institutions can analyse and publish up-to-date information on the current demand for competences as well as tendencies in this demand." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Skills, signals, and employability: An experimental investigation (2018)
Zitatform
Piopiunik, Marc, Guido Schwerdt, Lisa Simon & Ludger Wößmann (2018): Skills, signals, and employability: An experimental investigation. (IZA discussion paper 11283), Bonn, 50 S.
Abstract
"As skills of labor-market entrants are usually not directly observed by employers, individuals acquire skill signals. To study which signals are valued by employers, we simultaneously and independently randomize a broad range of skill signals on pairs of resumes of fictitious applicants among which we ask a large representative sample of German human-resource managers to choose. We find that signals in all three studied domains - cognitive skills, social skills, and maturity - have a significant effect on being invited for a job interview. Consistent with the relevance, expectedness, and credibility of different signals, the specific signal that is effective in each domain differs between apprenticeship applicants and college graduates. While GPAs and social skills are significant for both genders, males are particularly rewarded for maturity and females for IT and language skills. Older HR managers value school grades less and other signals more, whereas HR managers in larger firms value college grades more." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
How multi-optional experts maintain and enhance their employability (2018)
Zitatform
Ruiner, Caroline & Ursula Liebhart (2018): How multi-optional experts maintain and enhance their employability. In: German journal of human resource management, Jg. 32, H. 1, S. 52-74. DOI:10.1177/2397002217749774
Abstract
"How do freelancers and workers with frequently changing employment relationships top up their know-how and make themselves more employable? Highly skilled experts with multiple employment options must stay ahead of the game as they move from one job to market themselves for the next one. This article analyses how multi-optional experts improve their employability. It is based on a qualitative study of 17 multi-optional experts in knowledge-intensive industries such as information technology (IT), the media and consultancy as flexible employment is increasing and employability is critical in these highly dynamic fields. The study shows that multi-optional experts maintain and enhance their employability with various, mainly informal and self-organised learning methods. It identifies four types of worker - Flexible Adapter, Flexible Independent, Permalancer and Independent Freelancer - whose vocational development includes reactive, organisation-focused, active and self-focused strategies. In order to contribute to a better understanding of multi-optional experts' employability this article focuses on their strategies, particularly on how they select and combine learning methods, and examines their motives to enhance their further development." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Employability: a contemporary review for higher education stakeholders (2018)
Zitatform
Small, Lynlea, Kate Shacklock & Teresa Marchant (2018): Employability: a contemporary review for higher education stakeholders. In: Journal of vocational education and training, Jg. 70, H. 1, S. 148-166. DOI:10.1080/13636820.2017.1394355
Abstract
"Higher education institutions are under pressure to produce employable graduates who are required to contribute to the sustainability of strong economic growth and development. As such, the onus is on the higher education sector to present graduates to the labour market who are both work ready and have attained employability. This article contributes to the discussion surrounding the employability of graduates by: enhancing understanding and discussing contemporary evidence and debate around employability; showing the genesis, influence and synthesis of the major models associated with employability; summarising the boundaries and barriers to graduate employment; and exploring the determinants of employability from the employer's perspective. Importantly, the article summarises the contemporary theoretical bases of employability in the one place. Recommendations are made regarding further research and the need for further theoretical contributions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Employability in higher education (2018)
Teichler, Ulrich; Yorke, Mantz; Sgarzi, Matteo; Cammelli, Andrea; Vukasovic, Martina; Antonelli, Gilberto; Sgarzi, Matteo; Dettleff, Henning; Francia, Angelo di;Zitatform
Teichler, Ulrich, Mantz Yorke, Martina Vukasovic, Andrea Cammelli, Gilberto Antonelli, Matteo Sgarzi, Angelo di Francia, Matteo Sgarzi & Henning Dettleff (2018): Employability in higher education. (Best of the Bologna handbook 10), Berlin: DUZ Verlags- und Medienhaus, 114 S.
Abstract
Contents:
Teichler, Ulrich: Higher education and the European labour market
Mantz Yorke: Employability in higher education
Martina Vukasovic: Deconstructing and reconstructing employability
Cammelli; Antonelli; di Francia; Sgarzi: AlmaLaurea Inter-University Consortium: Connecting universities effectively with labour markets and professionals
Henning Dettleff: Higher education reform and the new debate on employability: The German caseWeiterführende Informationen
Inhaltsverzeichnis bei der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek -
Literaturhinweis
Rehabilitation als Beitrag zum Erhalt der Beschäftigungsfähigkeit: Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten und der Fraktion BÜNDNIS 90/DIE GRÜNEN (Drucksache 19/1789) (2018)
Zitatform
(2018): Rehabilitation als Beitrag zum Erhalt der Beschäftigungsfähigkeit. Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten und der Fraktion BÜNDNIS 90/DIE GRÜNEN (Drucksache 19/1789). (Verhandlungen des Deutschen Bundestages. Drucksachen 19/2041 (08.05.2018)), 21 S.
Abstract
,Insgesamt sieben Institutionen in Deutschland haben die Aufgabe, gesundheitliche Einschränkungen im Vorfeld zu vermeiden, die Erwerbsfähigkeit zu erhalten bzw. wiederherzustellen, die Teilhabe am Arbeitsleben zu sichern sowie eine möglichst selbstbestimmte Lebensführung zu ermöglichen.' In diesem Zusammenhang richtet sich die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten und Fraktion BÜNDNIS 90/DIE GRÜNEN auf den Beitrag der Rehabilitation zum Erhalt der Beschäftigungsfähigkeit. In ihrer Antwort gibt die Bundesregierung einen statistischen Überblick über Maßnahmen der medizinischen und beruflichen Rehabilitation sowie die die dafür aufgewendeten Mittel für alle sieben Träger: 1. Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung; 2. Kriegsopferversorgung und Kriegsopferfürsorge; 3. Eingliederungshilfe; 4. Bundesagentur für Arbeit; 5. Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung; 6. Gesetzliche Rentenversicherung und 7. Kinder- und Jugendhilfe. (IAB) Weiterhin thematisiert wird der Erfolg der Rehabilitation im Hinblick auf die berufliche Wiedereingliederung der Rehabilitanden. (IAB)
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Literaturhinweis
Are the Spanish long-term unemployed unemployable? (2017)
Zitatform
Bentolila, Samuel, J. Ignacio García-Pérez & Marcel Jansen (2017): Are the Spanish long-term unemployed unemployable? (CESifo working paper 6338), München, 48 S.
Abstract
"Long-term unemployment reached unprecedented levels in Spain in the wake of the Great Recession and it still affects around 57% of the unemployed. We document the sources that contributed to the rise in long-term unemployment and analyze its persistence using state-of-the-art duration models. We find pervasive evidence of negative duration dependence, while personal characteristics such as mature age, lack of experience, and entitlement to unemployment benefits are key to understand the cross-sectional differences in the incidence of long-term unemployment. The negative impact of low levels of skill and education is muted by the large share of temporary contracts, but once we restrict attention to employment spells lasting at least one month these factors also contribute to a higher risk of long-term unemployment. Surprisingly, workers from the construction sector do not fare worse than similar workers from other sectors. Finally, self-reported reservation wages are found to respond strongly to the cycle, but much less to individual unemployment duration. In view of these findings, we argue that active labour market policies should play a more prominent role in the fight against long-term unemployment while early activation should be used to curb inflows." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: IZA discussion paper , 10580 -
Literaturhinweis
Bildung für Arbeit unter neuer Steuerung (2017)
Bolder, Axel; Bremer, Helmut; Epping, Rudolf;Zitatform
Bolder, Axel, Helmut Bremer & Rudolf Epping (Hrsg.) (2017): Bildung für Arbeit unter neuer Steuerung. (Bildung und Arbeit [05]), Wiesbaden: Springer VS, 444 S. DOI:10.1007/978-3-658-15412-7
Abstract
"Der Band versammelt kritische Analysen der Versprechen der von der Europäischen Union geforderten 'neuen Steuerungsmodelle' für den Bildungssektor. Die Beiträge liefern eine Zwischenbilanz: Was ist aus den Versprechen geworden, die Entscheidungsprozesse im Bildungs- und Berufsausbildungssystem im Sinne eines auf 'Beschäftigungsfähigkeit' konzentrierten lebenslangen Lernens näher am Bedarf auszurichten und bei den Akteuren der Bildungs- und Arbeitsmärkte anzusiedeln? Wurden sie im tatsächlichen Geschehen eingelöst? Und wer hat von den Neuerungen letztlich profitiert?" (Verlagsangaben, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Unemployment and personality (2017)
Zitatform
Engelhardt, Carina (2017): Unemployment and personality. (Universität Hannover, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät. Diskussionspapier 621), Hannover, 25 S.
Abstract
"This paper shows that unemployment and (some) personality traits are related. Individuals with low scores in the Big Five dimensions conscientiousness and agreeableness have a higher probability of being unemployed, longer unemployment durations, and experience more status changes between employment and unemployment. Results suggests that personality is an important determinant of women's risk of unemployment, but for men personality is more a matter of job keeping." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Enhancing employability and skills to meet labour market needs in Italy (2017)
Garda, Paula;Zitatform
Garda, Paula (2017): Enhancing employability and skills to meet labour market needs in Italy. (OECD Economics Department working papers 1401), Paris, 40 S. DOI:10.1787/260deeb4-en
Abstract
"The various deficiencies of the labour market and the educational system have resulted in high unemployment, low labour force participation, low skills levels and high skill mismatch. Job creation is key to tackling the high unemployment rates, especially for the young and long-term unemployed. Promoting jobs without paying attention to their quality and to the skills required by employers may have adverse impact on welfare and productivity. The Jobs Act and Good School ('Buona Scuola'), two major reforms of the labour market and the educational system, are good steps in the right direction. The Jobs Act and the temporary social security contribution exemptions have contributed to raise employment. By strengthening job search and training policies, the Jobs Act can enhance jobseekers' employability. Increasing the effectiveness of public employment services, given the low spending level, remains a challenge. The Good School reform has the potential to improve school outcomes and provide more aligned skills to the job market. Increasing employability by upgrading skills that match employer needs remains a priority. Business involvement in education and training institutions at all educational levels will be paramount to ensure the provision of relevant skills, the availability of traineeship and apprenticeship places and provide on-the-job training. The adaptability of skills could be encouraged by lowering barriers to labour mobility and boosting work-based learning." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Jobcenter-Strategien zur Arbeitsmarktintegration von Langzeitarbeitslosen (2017)
Klingert, Isabell; Daumann, Volker; Strien, Karsten; Büschel, Ulrike; Lenhart, Julia;Zitatform
Klingert, Isabell & Julia Lenhart (2017): Jobcenter-Strategien zur Arbeitsmarktintegration von Langzeitarbeitslosen. (IAB-Forschungsbericht 03/2017), Nürnberg, 66 S.
Abstract
"Der vorliegende Forschungsbericht befasst sich mit Strategien von Jobcentern, eine möglichst nachhaltige Integration von Langzeitarbeitslosen zu erreichen. Dabei wird den Fragen nachgegangen, wie Jobcenter die Arbeitsmarktchancen von Langzeitarbeitslosen im Grundsicherungssystem einschätzen, wie die Förderung von Langzeitarbeitslosen erfolgt und welche jobcenterspezifischen Wege zur Integration von Langzeitarbeitslosen bestehen. Bei der Beantwortung wird auf qualitative Befragungen von Integrationsfachkräften in sechs Jobcentern zurückgegriffen, die inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet wurden. Im Forschungsbericht werden entsprechende Jobcenter-Strategien mit Blick auf unterschiedliche Typen von Langzeitarbeitslosen herausgearbeitet, die sich durch ihre Nähe zum Arbeitsmarkt unterscheiden." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Strien, Karsten; -
Literaturhinweis
Job demands in a changing world of work: Impact on workers' health and performance and implications for research and practice (2017)
Zitatform
Korunka, Christian & Bettina Kubicek (Hrsg.) (2017): Job demands in a changing world of work. Impact on workers' health and performance and implications for research and practice. Cham: Springer London, 169 S. DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-54678-0
Abstract
"This book examines the new ways of working and their impact on employees' well-being and performance that have resulted from a changed world of work. It concentrates on job demands and flexible work emanating from current economic and organizational change, and assesses impact on workers' health and performance. The development of issues such as globalization, rapid technological advances, new management practices, organizational changes and new job skills are addressed. This book gives an overview and discusses the potential negative and positive effects of such new job demands and new forms of work." (Publisher information, © Springer) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Sicherung der Beschäftigungsfähigkeit in Zeiten des digitalen Umbruchs (2017)
Zitatform
Kruppe, Thomas, Ute Leber & Britta Matthes (2017): Sicherung der Beschäftigungsfähigkeit in Zeiten des digitalen Umbruchs. (IAB-Stellungnahme 07/2017), Nürnberg, 13 S.
Abstract
"Zur Vorbereitung des Jahresgutachtens 2017/18 des Sachverständigenrats zur Begutachtung der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Entwicklung wurde das IAB um seine Expertise zur Diskussion über weitere Korrekturen der Agenda 2010 gebeten. Das IAB äußerte sich im Herbst 2017 zu den Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung auf die Arbeitswelt und zu den damit verbundenen künftigen Anforderungen auf dem Arbeitsmarkt sowie zur Rolle der Bildung und Weiterbildung zur Sicherung der Beschäftigungsfähigkeit. Das IAB ging dabei auf die Bedeutung von betrieblicher und öffentlich geförderter Weiterbildung sowie auf Voraussetzungen und mögliche Instrumente ein, um ein angemessenes Weiterbildungsangebot zu gewährleisten. Die Erkenntnisse hierzu werden in der vorliegenden Stellungnahme zusammengefasst." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
The effect of volunteer work on employability: A study with Danish survey and administrative register data (2017)
Zitatform
Petrovski, Erik, Sofie Dencker-Larsen & Anders Holm (2017): The effect of volunteer work on employability. A study with Danish survey and administrative register data. In: European Sociological Review, Jg. 33, H. 3, S. 349-367. DOI:10.1093/esr/jcx050
Abstract
"In addition to benefiting others, volunteer work is argued to supply volunteers themselves with skills, reputation, and social connections that increase overall employability. We test this hypothesized causal link between volunteer work and employability with a high-quality 2012 Danish survey sample of 1,867 individuals of working age. The survey data are linked to administrative registers containing individual-level data on unemployment. A combination of detailed controls, lagged dependent variables, and instrumental variable regression is used to determine cause and effect. Our findings show that performing volunteer work does not statistically significantly affect the risk or rate of unemployment for the typical individual on the labour market." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Dimensionen von Beschäftigungsfähigkeit aus Sicht von Rehabilitandinnen und Rehabilitanden (2016)
Zitatform
Brötzmann, Nina, Kathrin Marie Schlenker & Anita Tisch (2016): Dimensionen von Beschäftigungsfähigkeit aus Sicht von Rehabilitandinnen und Rehabilitanden. In: Deutsche Rentenversicherung Bund (Hrsg.) (2016): Gesundheitssystem im Wandel - Perspektiven der Rehabilitation : 25. Rehabilitationswissenschaftliches Kolloquium Deutscher Kongress für Rehabilitationsforschung vom 29. Februar bis 2. März 2016 in Aachen. Tagungsband (DRV-Schriften, 109), S. 256-258, 2015-12-21.
Abstract
"Das Evaluationsprojekt Leistungen zur Teilhabe am Arbeitsleben (LTA) untersucht die von der Bundesagentur für Arbeit (BA) angebotenen Leistungen zur Teilhabe am Arbeitsleben hinsichtlich ihrer Auswirkungen auf Erwerbsintegration, Beschäftigungsfähigkeit und soziale Teilhabe. Der vorliegende Beitrag präsentiert die Ergebnisse der qualitativen Teilstudie des Projekts im Rahmen der Untersuchung der Dimensionen von Beschäftigungsfähigkeit." (Textauszug, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Österreich 2025 - Gesundheit und Beschäftigungsfähigkeit: Status quo und Reformperspektiven (2016)
Zitatform
Eppel, Rainer, Thomas Leoni & Helmut Mahringer (2016): Österreich 2025 - Gesundheit und Beschäftigungsfähigkeit. Status quo und Reformperspektiven. In: Österreichisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung. Monatsberichte, Jg. 89, H. 11, S. 785-798.
Abstract
"Gesundheitliche Beeinträchtigungen bilden für viele Erwerbspersonen, insbesondere Arbeitslose und Ältere, eine große Hürde bei der Arbeitsmarktintegration. Durch die Verlängerung der Erwerbskarriere sowie aufgrund der steigenden Anforderungen an Flexibilität und Leistungsfähigkeit der Arbeitskräfte wird die gesundheitliche Dimension der Beschäftigungsfähigkeit in Zukunft weiter an Bedeutung gewinnen. Um dieser Herausforderung gewachsen zu sein, braucht Österreich eine effektive Gesamtstrategie zur Förderung der Arbeitsfähigkeit und zur Handhabe von Arbeitsunfähigkeit. Eine Analyse der derzeitigen Situation im Lichte internationaler Erfahrungen macht Handlungsbedarf sichtbar, vor allem in Bezug auf den Ausbau von Frühinterventionen, die bessere Abstimmung zwischen den Schnittstellen und Akteuren sowie eine stärkere Einbindung der Betriebe und der Ärzteschaft in die Prävention und Reintegration.
Das Forschungsprogramm 'Österreich 2025' wird von Bundesministerium für Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie, Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Wirtschaft, Österreichischer Nationalbank, Klima- und Energiefonds, Bundesministerium für Arbeit, Soziales und Konsumentenschutz und Hannes Androsch Stiftung bei der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften finanziell unterstützt. Einzelne Projekte finanziert durch die Bundesarbeitskammer, das Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft, die Landwirtschaftskammer Österreich und die Wirtschaftskammer Österreich werden ebenfalls im Rahmen des Forschungsprogramms abgewickelt." (Autorenreferat, © WIFO - Österreichisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung) -
Literaturhinweis
Employability: review and research prospects (2016)
Zitatform
Guilbert, Laure, Jean-Luc Bernaud, Brice Gouvernet & Jérôme Rossier (2016): Employability: review and research prospects. In: International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, Jg. 16, H. 1, S. 69-89. DOI:10.1007/s10775-015-9288-4
Abstract
"Professional transition, employment, and reemployment are major concerns for nations facing adverse economic situations. The employability construct represents a scientific challenge in order to better understand the relationship between the job seekers' issues and the expectations of the world of work. This paper presents a review of the concept of employability. Three main perspectives (educational and governmental, organizational, and individual) that are not exclusive can be identified. This review highlights the importance of adopting a systemic integrative approach and a wider interpretation of employability. A research agenda to develop the theory and applications of the concept of employability is proposed." (Author's abstract, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Career Pathways and Professional Transitions: Preliminary Results from the First Wave of a 7-Year Longitudinal Study (2016)
Maggiori, Christian ; Rossier, Jérôme ; Krings, Franciska ; Massoudi, Koorosh ; Johnston, Claire S. ;Zitatform
Maggiori, Christian, Jérôme Rossier, Franciska Krings, Claire S. Johnston & Koorosh Massoudi (2016): Career Pathways and Professional Transitions: Preliminary Results from the First Wave of a 7-Year Longitudinal Study. In: M. Oris, C. Roberts, D. Joye & M. E. Stähli (Hrsg.) (2016): Surveying Human Vulnerabilities across the Life Course, S. 131-157. DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-24157-9_6
Abstract
"The main purpose of this chapter is to present and to discuss the implementation and the main methodological characteristics, notably in terms of design and research protocol, sampling and data collection procedure via a mixed-mode approach, of our 7-year longitudinal study on professional trajectories. More specifically, adopting several psychological perspectives, this study addresses professional transitions and career pathways and personal experiences – particularly in terms of well-being – of employed and unemployed middle-aged adults (25–55 years) living in Switzerland. Furthermore, based on the first wave of data (N = 2469), we introduce some results concerning, amongst others, the predictors of the choice of the mode to complete the questionnaire and of the intention to participate in the next wave, and possible differences on vulnerability indicators with reference to personal characteristics, resources and professional situation. Finally, considering the procedure implemented and the results emerging from this first wave, we discuss several implications and challenges for the next waves." (Author's abstract, © Springer) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The investment model of volunteering in the EU-27 countries: volunteering, skills development and employability. A multi-level analysis (2016)
Zitatform
Souto-Otero, Manuel & Robin Shields (2016): The investment model of volunteering in the EU-27 countries. Volunteering, skills development and employability. A multi-level analysis. In: European Societies, Jg. 18, H. 5, S. 487-513. DOI:10.1080/14616696.2016.1228991
Abstract
"This article contributes to a better understanding of the social acceptance of the investment model of volunteering, that is, the view that volunteering can enhance employability through the development of professionally relevant knowledge and competences. Based on the analysis of Eurobarometer data, the article explores (1) the prevalence of the investment model of volunteering in the EU-27 countries and the extent to which this varies between individuals with the potential to make hiring decisions (IHP) and the general population, (2) the demographic factors associated with the acceptance of this model, (3) whether national differences in the acceptance of the model are better explained by variation between countries or cross-national demographic factors and (4) whether national institutional characteristics related to the competitiveness of the national labour market, the specificity of the education system, the strength of the continuing vocational training system and cultural factors influence acceptance. The results show that the acceptance of the investment model of volunteering is relatively widespread in Europe and that variation in the acceptance of the investment model among the general population is driven by both individual (age and class) and between-country differences (related to the strength of training for unemployed people), but variation is more attributable to differences between countries than cross-national demographic groups. IHP, on the other hand, tend to be more homogenous in their acceptance of the investment model than the general population." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Perceived employability in difficult economic times: the significance of education systems and labour market policies (2015)
Zitatform
Berglund, Tomas & Ylva Wallinder (2015): Perceived employability in difficult economic times. The significance of education systems and labour market policies. In: European Societies, Jg. 17, H. 5, S. 674-699. DOI:10.1080/14616696.2015.1120879
Abstract
"This paper focuses on current European employment policy, promoting the individual's responsibility for remaining employable. Within this supply-oriented framework, general political responsibilities of both increasing the demand for labour and facilitating the development of human capital through training and education opportunities are less emphasized than the individual's own responsibility to remain attractive for employers. In an analysis of perceived opportunities among European employees, we argue that the concept of 'employment security' can lift the individualized perspective on employability skills and attributes to a more structural and institutional perspective. To enhance individuals' chances of finding a job, educational and lifelong learning policies and active labour market measures are believed to be important factors, besides general demand in the labour market. Through multi-level modelling, we analyse the significance of individual and contextual factors on employees' perception of their chances in the labour market. The data used are from the European Social Survey (2010), including data from 21 countries. Our results indicate that employability cannot solely be regarded as an individual phenomenon relying on individual characteristics. We also need to focus on the institutional context enabling the individual to remain in employment in the existing mobile and risky labour market." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Predictors for re-employment success in newly unemployed: a prospective cohort study (2015)
Brouwer, S.; Bakker, R.H.; Schellekens, J.M.H.;Zitatform
Brouwer, S., R.H. Bakker & J.M.H. Schellekens (2015): Predictors for re-employment success in newly unemployed. A prospective cohort study. In: Journal of vocational behavior, Jg. 89, H. August, S. 32-38. DOI:10.1016/j.jvb.2015.04.001
Abstract
"The aim of the present study was to examine which personal and situational factors affect reemployment success in persons in their first year of unemployment. In a prospective cohort study with a one-year follow-up, we investigated a sample of 3618 subjects who became unemployed. A survey was sent to all participants, including personal and situational factors, based on Wanberg's model, the Theory of Planned Behavior model and the Valence - Instrumentality - Expectancy model. Our results showed that ten key-factors predicted re-employment success in the first year after becoming unemployed. Knowing these factors, and in particular those which are amenable to change through any intervention program, may help to develop effective intervention strategies for those who facilitate reemployment in order to shorten the duration of unemployment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Employability, poverty and the spheres of sociability: evidence from the British Household Panel Survey (2015)
Zitatform
Canduela, Jesus, Colin Lindsay, Robert Raeside & Helen Graham (2015): Employability, poverty and the spheres of sociability. Evidence from the British Household Panel Survey. In: Social policy and administration, Jg. 49, H. 5, S. 571-592. DOI:10.1111/spol.12101
Abstract
"Policymakers in the UK and beyond have sought to promote interventions to encourage social capital-building among disadvantaged groups. One specific concern is that those with limited access to social capital/social network relationships will be at greater risk of experiencing both unemployment and poverty. By analyzing longitudinal data from the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), we seek to identify significant relationships between poverty and the likelihood of entering employment, and different measures of 'sociability' and social isolation. Crucially, we discuss if and how measures of sociability/social isolation are associated with jobseekers' varying chances of exiting and re-entering work and how this varies with their experience of poverty. These issues are important because if sociability impacts on the likelihood of entering employment from a state of worklessness, then policymakers need to understand how cycles of social and labour market exclusion are associated with the rates of entering employment in order to develop effective interventions to improve jobseekers' employability and combat poverty. Following an analysis of BHPS data, we identify lessons for policy for combating long-term unemployment and promoting social inclusion." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Integrating different notions of employability in a dynamic chain: the relationship between job transitions, movement capital and perceived employability (2015)
Zitatform
Forrier, Anneleen, Marijke Verbruggen & Nele de Cuyper (2015): Integrating different notions of employability in a dynamic chain. The relationship between job transitions, movement capital and perceived employability. In: Journal of vocational behavior, Jg. 89, H. August, S. 56-64. DOI:10.1016/j.jvb.2015.04.007
Abstract
"This study connects different notions of employability with the ultimate aim to arrive at integration of a research field that has been criticized for being fragmented and fuzzy. We define employability as 'an individual's chance of a job in the internal and/or external labor market'. Employability research assesses employability differently, looking at the realization of this chance (i.e., job transitions), personal strengths that increase this chance (i.e., movement capital) and appraisals of this chance (i.e., perceived employability). We hypothesize and establish in a two-wave sample of 643 Belgian (Dutch-speaking) employees that these different notions of employability form a dynamic chain, so that job transitions promote movement capital, which then affects perceived employability and ultimately feeds back to job transitions. Furthermore, we found that the internal labor market versus the external labor market are important foci in employability research since internal and external job transitions were found to relate differently to the other notions of employability." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Unterstützungsangebot für junge Langzeitarbeitslose auf dem Weg in den ersten Arbeitsmarkt: Erfahrungen aus einem Integrationsprojekt in Dresden und Meißen (2015)
Grünert, Holle; Buchwald, Christina;Zitatform
Grünert, Holle & Christina Buchwald (2015): Unterstützungsangebot für junge Langzeitarbeitslose auf dem Weg in den ersten Arbeitsmarkt. Erfahrungen aus einem Integrationsprojekt in Dresden und Meißen. In: Berufsbildung in Wissenschaft und Praxis, Jg. 44, H. 2, S. 42-45.
Abstract
"Die Lage am Arbeitsmarkt hat sich in den vergangenen Jahren positiv entwickelt, die Nachfrage nach qualifizierten Fachkräften ist gestiegen, die Zahl der Arbeitslosen gesunken. Allerdings profitieren nicht alle Personengruppen gleichermaßen vom Aufschwung am Arbeitsmarkt. Vor allem unter den Arbeitslosen aus dem Rechtskreis des SGB II gibt es eine fatale Tendenz zur Verstetigung von Exklusion. Dies ist besonders problematisch, wenn die Exklusion vom Arbeitsmarkt junge Menschen am Beginn ihrer Erwerbsbiografie trifft. Im Beitrag wird das Pilotprojekt 'ZIEL - Zielgerichtete Integration junger Langzeitarbeitsloser' in Sachsen vorgestellt und untersucht, welchen Beitrag es leisten kann, den Teufelskreis von Arbeitslosigkeit, Verlust an Beschäftigungsfähigkeit und Qualifikationsverschleiß zu durchbrechen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Understanding employment participation of older workers: creating a knowledge base for future labour market challenges (2015)
Hasselhorn, Hans-Martin; Apt, Wenke;Zitatform
Hasselhorn, Hans-Martin & Wenke Apt (Hrsg.) (2015): Understanding employment participation of older workers. Creating a knowledge base for future labour market challenges. Berlin, 118 S.
Abstract
"In allen Ländern Europas steigt die durchschnittliche Lebenserwartung und der Anteil älterer Menschen nimmt deutlich zu. Obwohl dieser demografische Wandel mit einer allgemeinen Verbesserung der Gesundheit einhergeht, erreicht nur eine Minderheit älterer Arbeitnehmer das gesetzliche Renteneintrittsalter im Beruf.
Die Europäische Programm-Initiative 'More Years, Better Lives' (JPI MYBL) hat zur Beantwortung der Frage 'Warum arbeiten manche Menschen im höheren Erwerbsalter und andere nicht?' eine Gruppe von 46 Wissenschaftlern aus 11 Ländern beauftragt, hierzu den aktuellen Forschungsbedarf zu identifizieren. Damit sollte anstehenden Forschungsförderungsaktivitäten zugearbeitet werden. Dieser Bericht legt die wichtigsten Ergebnisse vor.
Die interdisziplinäre JPI UEP Arbeitsgruppe hat das umfassende 'lidA-Denkmodell' zur Analyse der Einflussfaktoren für einen frühen Rückzug aus dem Arbeitsmarkt beziehungsweise bei verlängerter Erwerbstätigkeit genutzt. Basierend darauf wurde der Forschungsstand bestimmt und der Forschungsbedarf abgeleitet.
Zielgruppen dieses Berichtes sind demnach Forscher, Forschungsförderer sowie Entscheidungsträger in der Sozial- und Arbeitsmarktpolitik, die sich mit Teilhabe älterer Arbeitnehmer am Arbeitsmarkt beschäftigen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku) -
Literaturhinweis
New perspectives on health, disability, welfare and the labour market: special issue (2015)
Zitatform
(2015): New perspectives on health, disability, welfare and the labour market. Special issue. In: Social Policy and Administration, Jg. 49, H. 2, S. 139-298.
Abstract
"More than 2.4 million people of working age in the UK are out of work and claiming 'incapacity' or disability benefits (DBs). Reducing the high levels of benefit claiming among those with health limitations and disabilities has been a priority for successive governments (Lindsay and Houston 2013). Other countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), ranging from Sweden, with its 'social democratic' welfare state (Hagelund and Bryngelson 2014), to the 'liberal' USA also report high rates of disability claiming, and have similarly prioritized measures to bring down welfare rolls (Milligan 2012). Given this context, policy debates have focused an both reforms to the administration of DBs and the content of targeted activation (Bannink 2014).
There is a need for continuing interdisciplinary research an the nature of the 'disability benefits problem' and the efficacy of current policy solutions and public services. This Special Issue brings together researchers who seek to explore the distinctive, yet interrelated, elements of die problems faced by disability claimants, and evaluate related policies and services." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))Weiterführende Informationen
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Literaturhinweis
Einschätzung der Ein-Euro-Jobs durch die Einsatzbetriebe: Auf den Zweck kommt es an (2015)
Moczall, Andreas; Rebien, Martina;Zitatform
Moczall, Andreas & Martina Rebien (2015): Einschätzung der Ein-Euro-Jobs durch die Einsatzbetriebe: Auf den Zweck kommt es an. (IAB-Kurzbericht 23/2015), Nürnberg, 8 S.
Abstract
"Ein-Euro-Jobs sollen Teilnehmer an den Arbeitsmarkt heranführen und ihre Beschäftigungsfähigkeit erhalten oder wieder herstellen. Auch wenn die Teilnahme an der Maßnahme nicht unmittelbar in sozialversicherungspflichtige Beschäftigung führt, soll sie doch mittelbar die Chancen auf eine Beschäftigung am ersten Arbeitsmarkt verbessern. Dieser Kurzbericht zeigt, wie Betriebe, die Ein-Euro-Jobber beschäftigen, die Maßnahme und die Teilnehmer bewerten." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Moczall, Andreas;Weiterführende Informationen
- Vorwiegendes Ziel der Ein-Euro-Jobs
- Gründe für die Unzufriedenheit mit Ein-Euro-Jobbern
- Erhöhen Ein-Euro-Jobs aus betrieblicher Sicht die Chance auf eine Beschäftigung am ersten Arbeitsmarkt?
- Eignung der zuletzt eingestellten Ein-Euro-Jobber
- Jährliche Zugänge in Ein-Euro-Jobs sowie Anteil der Unter-25-Jährigen an allen Zugängen 2005 bis 2014
- Gründe für die Nichteignung der Ein-Euro-Jobber
- Gründe für die betriebliche Einschätzung, dass Ein-Euro-Jobs die Chancen am ersten Arbeitsmarkt nicht erhöhen
- Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung der Beschäftigungsfähigkeit von Ein-Euro-Jobbern
- Zufriedenheit mit der Arbeitsleistung der Ein-Euro-Jobber